Nanyang, Henan

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Nanyang
南阳市
Prefecture-level city
Nanyang1.png
Nickname(s): 
Wan (宛)
Satellite view of Nanyang
Satellite view of Nanyang
Nanyang City in Henan
Nanyang City in Henan
Nanyang is located in North China Plain
Nanyang
Nanyang
Location on the North China Plain
Coordinates (Nanyang municipal government): 32°59′25″N 112°31′43″E / 32.9902°N 112.5285°E / 32.9902; 112.5285Coordinates: 32°59′25″N 112°31′43″E / 32.9902°N 112.5285°E / 32.9902; 112.5285
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHenan
County-level divisions2 districts
10 counties
Municipal seatWolong District
Government
 • Mayor
Area
[1]
 • Prefecture-level city26,591 km2 (10,267 sq mi)
 • Urban
1,988 km2 (768 sq mi)
 • Rural
24,521 km2 (9,468 sq mi)
 • Metro
1,988 km2 (768 sq mi)
Dimensions
 • Length263 km (163 mi)
 • Width168 km (104 mi)
Elevation
131 m (430 ft)
Highest elevation
2,212.5 m (7,258.9 ft)
Lowest elevation
72.2 m (236.9 ft)
Population
 (2019)[1]
 • Prefecture-level city10,031,600
 • Density380/km2 (980/sq mi)
 • Urban
1,902,000
 • Urban density960/km2 (2,500/sq mi)
 • Rural
8,111,600
 • Rural density330/km2 (860/sq mi)
 • Metro
1,902,000
 • Metro density960/km2 (2,500/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
473000
Area code(s)0377
ISO 3166 codeCN-HA-13
Major NationalitiesHan
License plate prefixes豫R
Maidenhead locator or grid squareOM62GX - OM63GA
Chrysanthemum&China Rose
Websitewww.nanyang.gov.cn

Nanyang is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Henan province, China. The city with the largest administrative area in Henan, Nanyang borders Xinyang to the southeast, Zhumadian to the east, Pingdingshan to the northeast, Luoyang to the north, Sanmenxia to the northwest, the province of Shaanxi to the west, and the province of Hubei to the south.

It had 9,713,112 inhabitants as of 2020, ranking nineteenth in China.[2] However, 1,500,311 residents live in the built-up area made of two urban districts (Wolong and Wancheng).[3] Dinosaur egg fossils have been discovered in the Nanyang Basin.

The 35,000 capacity Nanyang Sports Centre Stadium is the main (football) venue in the city.

Names[]

In the name "Nanyang" (simplified Chinese: 南阳; traditional Chinese: 南陽; pinyin: Nányáng), Nan (南) means south, and Yang (阳/陽) means sun—the south side of a mountain, or the north side of a river, in Chinese is called Yang. The name came from Nanyang Commandery, a commandery established in the region during the Warring States period. Before the name "Nanyang" became associated with the city itself, it was referred to as "Wan" (宛).

History[]

Nanyang was the capital of the state of Shen in the first millennium BCE. It became commercially important under the Han dynasty, as it had many iron foundries and other manufacturing sites, and also fell at the convergence of routes between major cities. In the Dong Han period, it was known for business and luxury, and was for a time the southern capital. It subsequently declined somewhat in importance, but remained a political and cultural center of southwestern Henan province and a hub for trade.[4]

Geography[]

Nanyang is located in southwestern Henan, bordering Hubei (Xiangyang, Shiyan, and Suizhou) to the south, Shaanxi (Shangluo) to the west and the following prefecture-level cities in Henan:

  • Zhumadian (E)
  • Xinyang (SE)
  • Sanmenxia (NW)
  • Luoyang (N)
  • Pingdingshan (NE)

The latitude of the entire prefecture ranges from 32° 17' to 33° 48' N, while the longitude ranges from 110° 58' to 113° 49' E, and the prefecture spans 26,600 square kilometres (10,300 sq mi). The city lies within the Nanyang Basin, which is part of a region in Central China that lies in the gap between the eastern end of the Qin Mountains and the source of the Huai River. Thus, using those two geographic features as the standard dividing line, it is difficult to classify the city into northern or southern China.

To the north of Nanyang city proper, there is a mountain called Mount Du, which is famous for the Dushan jade, one of the four famous jades of China, now a rarity. To the southwest is Neixiang County with the newly developing Baotianman Biosphere Reserve—an area of high biodiversity, with 65 rare and endangered species.

Satellite view of the area, showing the Nanyang Basin in the centre. The city proper of Nanyang is located in the north-central part of this picture.

Climate[]

The climate is generally moderate and is a four-season humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), with strong monsoon influences: winters are cool but dry, and summers are hot and humid. Spring and autumn provide transitions of reasonable length. The monthly daily average temperature in January is 1.4 °C (34.5 °F) and in July it is 26.9 °C (80.4 °F); the annual mean is 14.9 °C (58.8 °F). More than half the annual rainfall occurs from June to August.

hideClimate data for Nanyang, Henan (1971−2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.5
(67.1) 		22.8
(73.0) 		28.5
(83.3) 		33.2
(91.8) 		37.0
(98.6) 		41.4
(106.5) 		39.7
(103.5) 		39.0
(102.2) 		39.0
(102.2) 		32.9
(91.2) 		28.5
(83.3) 		21.4
(70.5) 		41.4
(106.5)
Average high °C (°F) 6.7
(44.1) 		9.4
(48.9) 		14.0
(57.2) 		21.2
(70.2) 		26.5
(79.7) 		30.8
(87.4) 		31.5
(88.7) 		30.8
(87.4) 		26.7
(80.1) 		21.7
(71.1) 		15.0
(59.0) 		9.0
(48.2) 		20.3
(68.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 1.4
(34.5) 		3.9
(39.0) 		8.6
(47.5) 		15.5
(59.9) 		20.7
(69.3) 		25.3
(77.5) 		26.9
(80.4) 		26.2
(79.2) 		21.6
(70.9) 		15.9
(60.6) 		9.2
(48.6) 		3.4
(38.1) 		14.9
(58.8)
Average low °C (°F) −2.6
(27.3) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		3.8
(38.8) 		10.2
(50.4) 		15.3
(59.5) 		20.2
(68.4) 		23.2
(73.8) 		22.5
(72.5) 		17.4
(63.3) 		11.3
(52.3) 		4.6
(40.3) 		−0.9
(30.4) 		10.4
(50.7)
Record low °C (°F) −12.8
(9.0) 		−13.9
(7.0) 		−5.3
(22.5) 		−0.4
(31.3) 		5.0
(41.0) 		11.8
(53.2) 		17.2
(63.0) 		15.0
(59.0) 		7.9
(46.2) 		−1.2
(29.8) 		−6.2
(20.8) 		−17.5
(0.5) 		−17.5
(0.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 13.7
(0.54) 		16.2
(0.64) 		34.7
(1.37) 		48.8
(1.92) 		73.1
(2.88) 		123.9
(4.88) 		177.8
(7.00) 		114.3
(4.50) 		75.9
(2.99) 		58.1
(2.29) 		29.7
(1.17) 		11.5
(0.45) 		777.7
(30.63)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 4.5 5.0 7.9 8.1 9.5 9.9 12.3 10.4 9.2 8.8 6.0 3.8 95.4
Source: Weather China

Environment[]

Demographics[]

The whole city area has a population over 10.26 million, which is the twelfth prefecture-level city in China now. The built-up area has over 1.8 million people, which is the fifth largest city in Henan Province. About 1 million commute from the city, mainly to Zhengzhou, Guangdong province, Beijing and Shanghai. The majority of the province is Han; among the minority nationalities are the Hui people and Man people.

Population[]

Ethnic groups[]

Language[]

Health[]

Education[]

Nanyang higher education already has a good foundation for development. Nanyang is a great city of education. It has a fine tradition of respecting teachers and teaching and educating students. It has taken the lead in proposing a strategy of science and education in the country. In particular, in recent years, the municipal party committee and the municipal government have attached great importance to education. The education industry in our city has developed vigorously and the face of higher education has undergone tremendous changes. There are 6 colleges and universities in the city, with nearly 90,000 students. All colleges and universities adhere to the Party's education policy, implement the fundamental tasks of Lide Shuren, and have achieved unprecedented achievements in personnel training, scientific research, social services, cultural heritage innovation and international exchanges and cooperation, which not only promotes the city's science and technology. Innovation, social progress and improvement of people's livelihood have also laid a good foundation for achieving a higher level of development at a new starting point.

Schools and Libraries[]

Primary education[5][]
Secondary education[5][]
  • (南阳市一中)
Library[]
  • (南阳市图书馆)

Higher education[]

  • Nanyang Institute of Technology[6](南阳理工学院)
  • Nanyang Normal University[7](南阳师范学院)
  • Nanyang Medical College[8](南阳医学高等专科学校)
  • [9](河南工业职业技术学院)
  • [10](南阳农业职业学院)

Urbanization[]

Religion[]

Administration[]

The prefecture-level city of Nanyang administers 2 districts, 1 county-level city and 10 counties.

Map

Economy[]

  • Nanyang has a developing cattle industry, as well as a tobacco factory.
  • The Bai River flows through Nanyang and provides it with an abundant supply of fish.
  • Nanyang produces two kinds of quality wine: Shedianlaojiu and Wolongyuye.
  • is the second largest oil field in Henan Province.
  • Agriculture plays an important role in its economy.
  • There is a large optical component production community in the area comprising several factories.

Infrastructure[]

Transport[]

Railways[]

Nanyang has two major railway stations: Nanyang Railway Station and Nanyang East Railway Station. There are also several other small stations serving suburban areas.

Nanyang is a railway junction for the Nanjing-Xi'an Railway and the Jiaozuo-Liuzhou Railway. Direct train service is available to Shanghai, Nanjing, and Hefei to the east, Xian and Lanzhou to the west, Luoyang to the north and Liuzhou to the south. Nanyang East Railway Station is a railway station on Zhengzhou–Wanzhou high-speed railway. Direct train service is available to Beijing, Shanghai, and Zhengzhou.

Highways and expressways[]

Over 500 km (310 mi) of highway network has been built along the railway line and others. An 80 km (50 mi) beltway is being constructed surrounding the city. As of 2009, feasibility studies for 80 km (50 mi) of elevated rope suspension pathways hanging 10 meters high for pedestrian and bicycle use have been approved by city level governance. Installation will begin early 2010.

China National Highway[]
China National Expressway[]
Henan Provincial Expressways[]

Airport and airlines[]

Nanyang Jiangying Airport is one of three civil aviation airports in the province. It is only 20 minutes bus time from the urban area. Passengers can take flights to and from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Guilin.

There are also two avion airports.

Public transit[]

Nanyang city buses have about 30 lines in the urban area. Taxis are common.

Culture[]

NanyangXuZhongjingMemorialHall.jpg

The official language of Nanyang is Mandarin Chinese, but most locals speak the Henan dialect, with its easily identifiable stereotypical features; this local dialect is known as Nanyang Hua (南阳话), and is spoken by about 15 million people in the area.

There is also a local form of Chinese opera called .

Famous people from Nanyang[]

  • Zhang Heng, Eastern Han Dynasty astronomer, mathematician and inventor of the first seismometer in history.
  • Zhang Zhongjing, late Eastern Han Dynasty physician and pharmacist.
  • Zhuge Liang, renowned adviser to Liu Bei and the first chancellor of the Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms era.
  • Gan Ning, general of Wu during the Three Kingdoms, born in Nanyang.
  • Han Yu, Tang Dynasty poet.
  • Huang Zhong, a leading military general of the Shu Han ruled by Liu Bei during the Three Kingdoms era, was one of the Five Tiger Generals of Shu.
  • Chang Wanquan, the current Minister of National Defense of China, former Director of the General Armaments Department and commander of the Shenyang Military Region, born in January 1949 in Nanyang
  • Eryue He, writer
  • Feng Youlan, philosopher
  • Qin Yinglin, pig breeder
  • Yao Xueyin, writer
  • Wang Yongmin, computer scientist

Within the metropolitan area[]

Temples, cathedrals, and mosques[]

  • Wolong Gang
  • Nanyang Mansion (Ming & Qing Dynasty)
  • Temple of holy doctor Zhang Zhongjing
  • Zhang Heng's Grave (Han Dynasty)
  • (汉画馆)

Outside the metropolitan area, but within the municipality[]

Temples, cathedrals, and mosques[]

  • Jingziguan in Xichuan County is a historical and cultural town.
  • Neixiang County Mansion (Ming & Qing Dynasty)
  • Sheqi Meeting Place (Qing Dynasty)
  • Dengzhou Huazhou College

Sights[]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  2. ^ 2021年河南省南阳市人口第七次人口普查数据和历史人口数据. www.hongheiku.com. 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-24.
  3. ^ "信息量大！南阳市第七次全国人口普查数据出炉！男女比例是…_街道". www.sohu.com.
  4. ^ "Nanyang | China". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b http://www.nyedu.net/plus/view.php?aid=44430 schools of Education bureau
  6. ^ English-南阳理工学院. Nanyang Institute of Technology.
  7. ^ "Welcome to Nanyang Normal University". www2.nynu.edu.cn.
  8. ^ http://www.nymc.edu.cn/ (Chinese)
  9. ^ http://www.hnpi.cn/ (Chinese)
  10. ^ http://www.nyac.cn/ (Chinese)

Further reading[]

External links[]

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