China National Highways
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China National Highways | |
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Highway names | |
CNH: | GXXX (red) |
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China National Highways
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The China National Highways (CNH/Guodao) (simplified Chinese: 中华人民共和国国道; traditional Chinese: 中華人民共和國國道; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guódào) is a network of trunk roads across mainland China. Although they are called "highways" (e.g., the Jingbao Highway), they are not necessarily freeways. However, like expressways, a toll is sometimes charged.[citation needed]
Network map[]
History[]
The building of highways is seen as key to accelerating infrastructure construction. In 2003, completed investment in highway construction was 350 billion yuan and 219 key highway projects progressed, focusing mainly on the five north–south and seven east–west national arterial highways as well as highways in western China and in rural areas. By the end of 2004, the total length of highways open to traffic reached 1.871 million km, including 34,300 km (21,300 mi) of expressways up to advanced modern transportation standard, ranking second in the world. The nation's highway density has now reached 19.5 km per 100 km2.
With the completion in 2008 of the five north–south and the seven east–west national arterial highways, totaling 35,000 km (22,000 mi), Beijing and Shanghai were linked by major highways, chiefly expressways, to the capitals of all provinces and autonomous regions of China, creating highway connections between over 200 cities.
The aim of the National Expressway Network Plan approved in early 2005 is an expressway system connecting all capitals of provinces and autonomous regions with Beijing and with each other, linking major cities and important counties. The network will have a total length of about 85,000 km (53,000 mi), including seven originating in Beijing; the Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Taipei, Beijing-Hong Kong-Macau, Beijing-Kunming, Beijing-Lhasa, Beijing-Ürümqi, and Beijing-Harbin expressways. Half of the projects are already completed.
In 2013 the Ministry of Transport announced the "National Highway Network Planning (2013 - 2030)", which will bring the total number of highways to 119, with 81 connecting highways between them. The total mileage will be increased to 265,000 km (165,000 mi), with increased focus on the western and less developed regions.[1]
Regulation[]
Although an accepted speed limit on China National Highways is 120 km/h, it is common to see cars pass other by in excess of 120 km/h. The lack of speed detection cameras on some routes, lack of a posted speed limit outside of localities and tremendous distances of road mileage, means that enforcing this speed limit is rather herculean. In addition, there is a notable shortage of traffic police in mainland China.[citation needed]
Nationwide highways often begin with the letter GXXX, followed by three numerals, e.g.: G107. It is said that the GXXX stands for 国家 (guójiā), or national.[2]
The numbering of the highways is as follows:
- Five vertical and seven horizontal main routes were labelled in the former 000 series (the so-called "five downs and seven acrosses"), although these have been deprecated in favour of the "NTHS" (7, 11, 18) system.
- Highways in the 100 series (e.g. 102, 106) begin from Beijing - the capital city of the People's Republic of China - and spread out in all compass directions, except for China National Highway 112, which originates in Xuanhua as it is a ring around Beijing.
- Highways in the 200 series stretch from north to south (e.g., from Hohhot in Inner Mongolia through to Beihai in Guangxi province);
- Highways in the 300 series stretch from east to west (e.g., from Shanghai through to Ruili in Yunnan province);
- Highways in the 500 series are connecting roads between other national highways.
In major cities, there is usually a gap in the road within the city.
List of all China National Highways[]
Highways listed in red are under construction or still in planning. Those listed in yellow are currently partially finished. Those listed in grey were planned but never built, or have been abandoned or redesignated.
Former 000 Series[]
Note: 000 Series China National Highways pointed to five specific vertical routes, as well as seven specific horizontal routes. Routes ending in "0" were north–south (vertical) routes; routes ending in "5" were east–west (horizontal) routes. The new system with two to four numbers that indicate the "NTHS" (7918) system is now in use instead of the 000 Series. For the expressways' new numbering system, see Expressways of China.
It seems that the old 0xx numbers are still signposted[when?] using the format GZXX, e.g. in the Qinghai province, there are signs at the G109 (old G025) showing the number GZ25.
Number | Name | English Name | Startpoint | Endpoint | Length | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G010 | 010国道 | China National Highway 010 | Tongjiang | Sanya | 5,700 km (3,500 mi) | Was the longest China National Highway overall. Now G1011 and part of G1, G15, G1503 and G98. |
G015 | 015国道 | Suifenhe | Manzhouli | 2,540 km (1,580 mi) | Now G10. | |
G020 | 020国道 | Beijing | Fuzhou | 2,540 km (1,580 mi) | Now part of G3. | |
G025 | 025国道 | Dandong | Lhasa | 4,590 km (2,850 mi) | Now part of G1113, G1 and G6. | |
G030 | 030国道 | Beijing | Zhuhai | 2,310 km (1,440 mi) | Now part of G4 and G0425. | |
G035 | 035国道 | Qingdao | Yinchuan | 1,610 km (1,000 mi) | Now G20. | |
G040 | 040国道 | Erenhot | Hekou | 3,610 km (2,240 mi) | Now part of G55, G5 and G80, and all of G8011. | |
G045 | 045国道 | Lianyungang | Khorgas | 3,980 km (2,470 mi) | Now G30. | |
G050 | 050国道 | Chongqing | Zhanjiang | 1,430 km (890 mi) | Now part of G15 and G75. | |
G055 | 055国道 | Shanghai | Chengdu | 2,970 km (1,850 mi) | Now G42. | |
G065 | 065国道 | Shanghai | Ruili | 4,090 km (2,540 mi) | Now G60 and part of G56. | |
G075 | 075国道 | Hengyang | Kunming | 1,980 km (1,230 mi) | Now part of G72, G80 and G78. |
100 Series[]
Number | Name | English Name | Startpoint | Endpoint | Final Endpoint | Current Length | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
101国道 | China National Highway 101 | Beijing | Shenyang | 1,969 km (1,223 mi) | |||
102国道 | China National Highway 102 | Beijing | Harbin | Fuyuan | 2,897 km (1,800 mi) | ||
103国道 | China National Highway 103 | Beijing | Tianjin | 149 km (93 mi) | The shortest China National Highway overall. | ||
104国道 | China National Highway 104 | Beijing | Fuzhou | Pingtan | 2,390 km (1,490 mi) | ||
105国道 | China National Highway 105 | Beijing | Zhuhai | Macau | 2,717 km (1,688 mi) | ||
106国道 | China National Highway 106 | Beijing | Guangzhou | 2,466 km (1,532 mi) | |||
107国道 | China National Highway 107 | Beijing | Shenzhen | Hong Kong | 2,698 km (1,676 mi) | ||
108国道 | China National Highway 108 | Beijing | Kunming | 3,331 km (2,070 mi) | |||
109国道 | China National Highway 109 | Beijing | Lhasa | 3,901 km (2,424 mi) | The longest China National Highway from Beijing. Includes the Qinghai-Tibet Highway. | ||
110国道 | China National Highway 110 | Beijing | Yinchuan | Qingtongxia | 2,757 km (1,713 mi) | ||
111国道 | China National Highway 111 | Beijing | Jiagedaqi | Mohe | 2,123 km (1,319 mi) | ||
112国道 | China National Highway 112 | Xuanhua | N/A | 1,228 km (763 mi) | Ring road around Beijing. |
200 Series[]
Number | Name | English Name | Startpoint | Final Startpoint | Endpoint | Final Endpoint | Current Length | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
201国道 | China National Highway 201 | Hegang | Dalian | 1,964 km (1,220 mi) | ||||
202国道 | China National Highway 202 | Heihe | Dalian | 1,818 km (1,130 mi) | ||||
203国道 | China National Highway 203 | Mingshui | Suihua | Shenyang | 720 km (450 mi) | |||
204国道 | China National Highway 204 | Yantai | Shanghai | 1,031 km (641 mi) | ||||
205国道 | China National Highway 205 | Qinhuangdao | Shanhai Pass | Shenzhen | 3,160 km (1,960 mi) | |||
206国道 | China National Highway 206 | Yantai | Weihai | Shantou | 2,375 km (1,476 mi) | |||
207国道 | China National Highway 207 | Xilinhot | Ulanhot | Hai'an | 3,738 km (2,323 mi) | The longest north-south China National Highway. | ||
208国道 | China National Highway 208 | Erenhot | Changzhi | Xichuan | 990 km (620 mi) | |||
209国道 | China National Highway 209 | Hohhot | Sonid Left Banner | Beihai | 3,435 km (2,134 mi) | |||
210国道 | China National Highway 210 | Baotou | Nanning | Fangchenggang | 3,097 km (1,924 mi) | |||
211国道 | China National Highway 211 | Yinchuan | Xi'an | Rongjiang | 691 km (429 mi) | |||
212国道 | China National Highway 212 | Lanzhou | Chongqing | Longbang | 1,302 km (809 mi) | |||
213国道 | China National Highway 213 | Lanzhou | Ceke | Mohan | 2,877 km (1,788 mi) | |||
214国道 | China National Highway 214 | Xining | Jinghong | Lancang | 3,256 km (2,023 mi) | |||
215国道 | China National Highway 215 | Hongliuyuan | Mazongshan | Golmud | Ning'er | 641 km (398 mi) | ||
216国道 | China National Highway 216 | Altay | Baluntai | Gyirong | 857 km (533 mi) | |||
217国道 | China National Highway 217 | Altay | Karakax | Tashkurgan | 1,753 km (1,089 mi) | |||
218国道 | China National Highway 218 | Yining | Khorgas | Ruoqiang | 1,067 km (663 mi) | |||
219国道 | China National Highway 219 | Yecheng | Kom-Kanas | Lhatse | Dongxing | 2,086 km (1,296 mi) | Will become the longest China National Highway overall. | |
220国道 | China National Highway 220 | Binzhou | Dongying | Zhengzhou | Shenzhen | 585 km (364 mi) | ||
221国道 | China National Highway 221 | Tongjiang | Harbin | 668 km (415 mi) | ||||
222国道 | China National Highway 222 | Yichun | Jiayin | Harbin | Linjiang | 363 km (226 mi) | ||
223国道 | China National Highway 223 | Haikou | Eastern Sanya | 323 km (201 mi) | ||||
224国道 | China National Highway 224 | Haikou | Central Sanya | 309 km (192 mi) | The shortest north-south China National Highway. | |||
225国道 | China National Highway 225 | Haikou | Western Sanya | 429 km (267 mi) | ||||
226国道 | China National Highway 226 | Chuxiong | Mojiang | 288 km (179 mi) | Planned but cancelled. Eventually built as . | |||
227国道 | China National Highway 227 | Zhangye | Xining | Menglian | 347 km (216 mi) | |||
228国道 | China National Highway 228 | Taipei | N/A | 956 km (594 mi) | This highway was never meant to be newly built in
Taiwan outside PRC's control, but a recognition of the ring part of Taiwan's highway as of national importance. As of 2000s maps depict G228 as "Converted to Provicial Highways" (together with G226/G315 that were really converted to provincial highways). Designation abandoned in 2013 in favour of a ring around mainland instead(see below). | |||
228国道 | China National Highway 228 | Dandong | Dongxing | |||||
229国道 | Raohe | Gaizhou | ||||||
230国道 | Tonghua | Wuhan | ||||||
231国道 | Nenjiang | Shuangliao | ||||||
232国道 | Yakeshi | Siping | ||||||
233国道 | Hexigten | Huangshan | ||||||
234国道 | Xinglong | Yangjiang | ||||||
235国道 | Xinyi | Haifeng | ||||||
236国道 | Wuhu | Shanwei | ||||||
237国道 | , Jining | Ningde | ||||||
238国道 | Nanchang | Hualai | ||||||
239国道 | Xulun Hoh | Yangquan | ||||||
240国道 | Baoding | Taishan | ||||||
241国道 | Hohhot | Beihai | ||||||
242国道 | , Inner Mongolia | Qinzhou | ||||||
243国道 | Kai | Pingxiang | ||||||
244国道 | Wuhai | Chongqing | ||||||
245国道 | Bazhong | Jinping | ||||||
246国道 | Suining | Malipo | ||||||
247国道 | Jingtai | Zhaotong | ||||||
248国道 | Lanzhou | Maguan |
300 Series[]
Number | Name | English Name | Startpoint | Final Startpoint | Endpoint | Final Endpoint | Current Length | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
301国道 | China National Highway 301 | Suifenhe | Manzhouli | 1,680 km (1,040 mi) | ||||
302国道 | China National Highway 302 | Hunchun | Ulanhot | Arxan | 1,028 km (639 mi) | |||
303国道 | China National Highway 303 | Ji'an | Xilinhot | Abag | 1,263 km (785 mi) | |||
304国道 | China National Highway 304 | Dandong | Holingol | 889 km (552 mi) | ||||
305国道 | China National Highway 305 | Zhuanghe | Bairin Left Banner | West Ujimqin Banner | 815 km (506 mi) | |||
306国道 | China National Highway 306 | Suizhong | Hexigten | 497 km (309 mi) | ||||
307国道 | China National Highway 307 | Huanghua | Yinchuan | Shandan | 1,351 km (839 mi) | |||
308国道 | China National Highway 308 | Qingdao | Weihai | Shijiazhuang | 637 km (396 mi) | |||
309国道 | China National Highway 309 | Rongcheng | Lanzhou | 2,208 km (1,372 mi) | ||||
310国道 | China National Highway 310 | Lianyungang | Tianshui | Gonghe | 1,613 km (1,002 mi) | |||
311国道 | China National Highway 311 | Xuzhou | Lianyungang | Xixia | Luanchuan | 748 km (465 mi) | ||
312国道 | China National Highway 312 | Shanghai | Khorgas | 4,967 km (3,086 mi) | ||||
313国道 | China National Highway 313 | Guazhou | Ruoqiang | 821 km (510 mi) | Now part of , G215 and , as well as partially abandoned. | |||
314国道 | China National Highway 314 | Ürümqi | Khunjerab Pass | 1,948 km (1,210 mi) | Includes the Chinese part of the Karakoram Highway. | |||
315国道 | China National Highway 315 | Xining | Kashgar | 3,063 km (1,903 mi) | ||||
316国道 | China National Highway 316 | Fuzhou | Changle | Lanzhou | Tongren | 2,915 km (1,811 mi) | ||
317国道 | China National Highway 317 | Chengdu | Nagqu | Gar | 2,043 km (1,269 mi) | |||
318国道 | China National Highway 318 | Shanghai | Zhangmu | 5,476 km (3,403 mi) | The longest China National Highway overall. | |||
319国道 | China National Highway 319 | Xiamen | Kaohsiung | Chengdu | 2,984 km (1,854 mi) | |||
320国道 | China National Highway 320 | Shanghai | Ruili | 3,695 km (2,296 mi) | ||||
321国道 | China National Highway 321 | Guangzhou | Chengdu | 2,220 km (1,380 mi) | ||||
322国道 | China National Highway 322 | Hengyang | Rui'an | Friendship Pass | 1,039 km (646 mi) | |||
|
323国道 | China National Highway 323 | Ruijin | Lincang | 2,915 km (1,811 mi) | |||
324国道 | China National Highway 324 | Fuzhou | Kunming | 2,712 km (1,685 mi) | ||||
325国道 | China National Highway 325 | Guangzhou | Nanning | 868 km (539 mi) | ||||
326国道 | China National Highway 326 | Xiushan | Hekou | 1,562 km (971 mi) | ||||
327国道 | China National Highway 327 | Lianyungang | Heze, | Guyuan | 2,024 km (1,258 mi) | |||
328国道 | China National Highway 328 | Hai'an | Qidong | Nanjing | Laohekou | 224 km (139 mi) | The shortest east-west China National Highway. | |
329国道 | China National Highway 329 | Zhoushan | Hangzhou | Lushan | 292 km (181 mi) | |||
330国道 | China National Highway 330 | Wenzhou | Shouchang | Hefei | 327 km (203 mi) | |||
331国道 | China National Highway 331 | Dandong | Altay | |||||
332国道 | Luobei | |||||||
333国道 | Heminghu | Morin Dawa | ||||||
334国道 | Longjing | East Ujimqin Banner | ||||||
335国道 | Chengde | Tacheng | ||||||
336国道 | China National Highway 336 | Tianjin | Shenmu | |||||
337国道 | Huanghua | Yulin | ||||||
338国道 | China National Highway 338 | Haixing | Tianjun | |||||
339国道 | Binzhou | Yulin | ||||||
340国道 | Dongying | Zichang | ||||||
341国道 | China National Highway 341 | Jiaonan | Haiyan | |||||
342国道 | Rizhao | Feng | ||||||
343国道 | Dafeng | Lushi | ||||||
344国道 | Dongtai | Lingwu | ||||||
345国道 | China National Highway 345 | Qidong | Nagqu | |||||
346国道 | Shanghai | Ankang | ||||||
347国道 | Nanjing | Delingha | ||||||
348国道 | Wuhan | Dali | ||||||
349国道 | Saga | |||||||
350国道 | China National Highway 350 | Lichuan | Luhuo | |||||
351国道 | Taizhou | Xiaojin | ||||||
352国道 | Zhangjiajie | Qiaojia | ||||||
353国道 | China National Highway 353 | Ningde | Fugong | |||||
354国道 | Nanchang | Xingyi | ||||||
355国道 | Fuzhou | Bama | ||||||
356国道 | Meizhou | Xichang | ||||||
357国道 | Dongshan | Lushui | ||||||
358国道 | Shishi | Shuikou (Vietnam border) | ||||||
359国道 | Foshan | Funing | ||||||
360国道 | Wenchang | Lingao | ||||||
361国道 | Lingshui | Changjiang |
500 Series[]
Number | Name | English Name | Startpoint | Final Startpoint | Endpoint | Final Endpoint | Current Length | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
501国道 | China National Highway 501 | Jixian | ||||||
502国道 | Kedong | Qiqihar | ||||||
503国道 | Wuchang | Tongyu | ||||||
504国道 | Fusong | Gongzhuling | ||||||
505国道 | Kaiyuan | Naiman | ||||||
506国道 | Ji'an | Benxi | ||||||
507国道 | Changhai | Changxing Island | ||||||
508国道 | Chifeng | Caofeidian | ||||||
509国道 | Jingtang | Tongzhou | ||||||
510国道 | Weichang | Chahar Right Back Banner | ||||||
511国道 | Sonid Right Banner | Zhangbei | ||||||
512国道 | Wanquan | Dalad | ||||||
513国道 | Linyi | Dezhou | ||||||
514国道 | Qihe | Handan | ||||||
515国道 | Dingzhou | Xun | ||||||
516国道 | Zhanhua | Qingzhou | ||||||
517国道 | Changdao | Laixi | ||||||
518国道 | Rizhao | Dingtao | ||||||
519国道 | Yushe | Lucheng | ||||||
520国道 | Linfen | Yan'an | ||||||
521国道 | Yuncheng | Tongguan | ||||||
522国道 | Yuanqu | Tongguan | ||||||
523国道 | Taizhou | Danyang | ||||||
524国道 | Changshu | Haining | ||||||
525国道 | Pinghu | Hangzhou | ||||||
526国道 | Shengsi Connecting Road | |||||||
527国道 | Xiangshan | Yiwu | ||||||
528国道 | Longyou | Guangchang | ||||||
529国道 | Jinzhai | Yuexi | ||||||
530国道 | Huangshan | Hukou | ||||||
531国道 | Duchang Connecting Road | |||||||
532国道 | Jiujiang | De'an | ||||||
533国道 | Zhangshu | Fenyi | ||||||
534国道 | Fuqing | Changting | ||||||
535国道 | Dingnan | Yizhang | ||||||
536国道 | Taojiang | Xupu | ||||||
537国道 | Ningyuan | Lianzhou | ||||||
538国道 | Jiangyong | Zhongshan | ||||||
539国道 | Jiedong | Nan'ao | ||||||
540国道 | Mao Yang | |||||||
541国道 | Shiquan | Wuxi | ||||||
542国道 | Guangyuan | Wanzhou | ||||||
543国道 | Qingchuan | Pingwu | ||||||
544国道 | Jiuzhaigou | Chuanzhusi | ||||||
545国道 | Mao | Deyang | ||||||
546国道 | Naxi | Xishui | ||||||
547国道 | Yibin | Xingwen | ||||||
548国道 | Banma | Sêrtar | ||||||
549国道 | Shimian | Dêrong | ||||||
550国道 | Yuexi | Mianning | ||||||
551国道 | Zhenyuan | Fuquan | ||||||
552国道 | Libo | Anlong | ||||||
553国道 | Mengzi | Yuanjiang | ||||||
554国道 | Yongsheng | Xiangyun | ||||||
555国道 | Shidian Connecting Road | |||||||
556国道 | Zhen'an | Ruili | ||||||
557国道 | Gonjo Connecting Road | |||||||
558国道 | Biru | Banbar | ||||||
559国道 | Zayü | Mêdog | ||||||
560国道 | Mainling | Cona | ||||||
561国道 | Damxung | Lhasa | ||||||
562国道 | Baingoin | Yadong | ||||||
563国道 | Sa'gya Connecting Road | |||||||
564国道 | Burang Connecting Road | |||||||
565国道 | China National Highway 565 | Zanda Connecting Road | ||||||
566国道 | China National Highway 566 | Xiji | Tianshui | |||||
567国道 | China National Highway 567 | Li | Kang | |||||
568国道 | China National Highway 568 | Lanzhou | Luqu | |||||
569国道 | , Alxa Right Banner | Datong, Qinghai | ||||||
570国道 | Yongchang Connecting Road | |||||||
571国道 | Subei Connecting Road | |||||||
572国道 | Guinan | Ulan | ||||||
573国道 | Zêkog | Xinghai | ||||||
574国道 | Chindu Connecting Road | |||||||
575国道 | Laoyemiao | Hami | ||||||
576国道 | Beitun | Shihezi | ||||||
577国道 | Jinghe | Zhaosu | ||||||
578国道 | Xinyuan | Nilka | ||||||
579国道 | Baicheng Connecting Road | |||||||
580国道 | China National Highway 580 | Aksu | Kangxiwa | |||||
581国道 | China National Highway 581 | Kashgar | Erkeshtam |
See also[]
- Expressways of China
- Transport in China
- Tarim Desert Highway
- Karakoram Highway
References[]
- ^ [关注国家公路网]公路网规划支撑中国梦. Archived from the original on 2013-12-02. Retrieved 2015-04-29.
- ^ "China's Highroad to Highway Success". www.china.org.cn. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019.
External links[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National highways in China. |
- National Highways in China
- Lists of roads by country