Nucleoplasm

The protoplasmic material of the nucleus including the nucleolus labelled as nucleoplasm.

Similar to the cytoplasm of a cell, the nucleus contains nucleoplasm, also known as karyoplasm, or karyolymph or nucleus sap. The nucleoplasm is a type of protoplasm, and is enveloped by the nuclear envelope (also known as the nuclear membrane). The nucleoplasm includes the chromosomes and nucleolus. Many substances such as nucleotides (necessary for purposes such as DNA replication) and enzymes (which direct activities that take place in the nucleus) are dissolved in the nucleoplasm. The soluble, liquid portion of the nucleoplasm is called the nucleosol^[1] or nuclear hyaloplasm.

Etymology[]

The term "nucleoplasm" was coined by Edouard Van Beneden (1875),^[2] while "karyoplasm" was by Walther Flemming (1878).^[3]^[4]

References[]

^ Usage example: Schweiger, A; Mazur, G (1974-09-15) [1974]. "Mammalian proteins with affinity to polynucleotides: Isolation by affinity chromatography from rat liver cytosol and nucleosol". FEBS Letters. 46 (1–2). p255, right column, line 11. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(74)80381-9. PMID 4417675. A soluble fraction of rat liver nuclei (nucleosol) was...
^ Van Beneden, Edouard (1875). "La maturation de l'oeuf, la fécondation et les premières de développement embryonnaire des Mammiferes d'après les recherches faites chez le lapin". Bulletins de l'Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique (in French). Bruxelles. 40 (2): 690 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library. (whole article:pp686-736)
^ Flemming, Walter (1879) [1878]. "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Zelle und ihrer Lebenserscheinungen". Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie (in German). Verlag von Max Cohen & Sohn. 16: 360 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library. (whole article:pp302-436)
^ Battaglia, Emilio (2010-01-20). "Caryoneme alternative to chromosome and a new caryological nomenclature" (PDF). Caryologia. University of Florence. 62 (4, Suppl. 1). p70 Table 10, p64 Table 1. ISSN 0008-7114. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-04-14. Retrieved 2021-06-22. (whole article: pp1-83)

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[Schweiger1974-1] Usage example: Schweiger, A; Mazur, G (1974-09-15) [1974]. "Mammalian proteins with affinity to polynucleotides: Isolation by affinity chromatography from rat liver cytosol and nucleosol". FEBS Letters. 46 (1–2). p255, right column, line 11. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(74)80381-9. PMID 4417675. A soluble fraction of rat liver nuclei (nucleosol) was...

[Benden1875-2] Van Beneden, Edouard (1875). "La maturation de l'oeuf, la fécondation et les premières de développement embryonnaire des Mammiferes d'après les recherches faites chez le lapin". Bulletins de l'Académie royale des sciences, des lettres et des beaux-arts de Belgique (in French). Bruxelles. 40 (2): 690 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library. (whole article:pp686-736)

[Fleming1878-3] Flemming, Walter (1879) [1878]. "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Zelle und ihrer Lebenserscheinungen". Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie (in German). Verlag von Max Cohen & Sohn. 16: 360 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library. (whole article:pp302-436)

[Battaglia2009-4] Battaglia, Emilio (2010-01-20). "Caryoneme alternative to chromosome and a new caryological nomenclature" (PDF). Caryologia. University of Florence. 62 (4, Suppl. 1). p70 Table 10, p64 Table 1. ISSN 0008-7114. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-04-14. Retrieved 2021-06-22. (whole article: pp1-83)

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