Patriota

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Patriota
PresidentAdilson Barroso
Founded9 August 2011 (as the National Ecological Party)
Split fromSocial Christian Party
HeadquartersBarrinha, São Paulo, Brazil
Membership72,627[1]
IdeologyAnti-communism[2]
Anti-globalism[3]
Bolsonarism[4]
Brazilian nationalism[5]
Social conservatism
Economic liberalism
Militarism[6]
Theocracy[6]
Historical
Green conservatism
Political positionRight-wing[7][8][9] to far-right[10][11][12]
Historical
Centre-right
ReligionChristianity[13]
Colours  Olive green
Other colours
  Blue
  Golden yellow
  Green
Slogan"Brazil above everything, God above everyone" (Brazilian Portuguese: Brasil acima de tudo, Deus acima de todos)
TSE Identification Number51
Seats in the Federal Senate
1 / 81
Seats in the Chamber of Deputies
9 / 513
Website
patriota51.org.br

Patriota (Portuguese pronunciation: [patɾiotɐ], lit. 'Patriot'), abbreviated PATRI and formerly known as the National Ecological Party (Portuguese: Partido Ecológico Nacional, abbreviated PEN), is a right-wing to far-right political party in Brazil. It was registered in the Superior Electoral Court in the summer of 2012. The President of the party is the former State Deputy of São Paulo Adilson Barroso, who before creating PEN was a member of the Social Christian Party. The party's Superior Electoral Court identification number is 51.

Its platform involves support for conservative policies, a strong national military policy, zero tolerance politics regarding violence and crime, support for the Brazilian agrarian sector, and rejection of social and indigenous movements like the Landless Workers' Movement as well as an anti-communist stance. It is against corruption in Brazil, and seeks to uphold traditional values based on Christian ethics. The party has links with the Assemblies of God, the largest Christian evangelical denomination in Brazil.

History[]

The party was founded as the National Ecological Party (PEN) in 2011. The party was a centre-right green conservative party, originally meant to attract environmentalist politician Marina Silva in case her party did not get the authorization to take part in the 2014 Brazilian general election. This proposal failed and the party obtained a small quantity of votes in the 2014 elections, while endorsing then presidential candidate Aécio Neves.

2017–present[]

In 2017, the PEN changed when Jair Bolsonaro announced he would enter the party, in a bid to run for President of Brazil in the 2018 Brazilian general election. PEN changed its name to Patriota (PATRI) and abandoned its former environmentalist ideals to become a right-wing conservative party pursuing a right-wing populist agenda, influenced by Donald Trump's victory in the 2016 United States presidential election and Brexit.[14] Patriota has renounced its green and pro-ecologist policies in favor of its conservative and nationalist policies; it has maintained and strengthened its religious opposition to abortion, same-sex marriage, and other socially progressive policies.[15][16]

The acronym PEN was also seen as an abbreviation of Pentecostalism, the evangelical current of PEN founders, than a coherent ideological current. Since the refoundation as Patriota, the party are making more efforts to appeal for a broader Christian electorate, like socially conservative Catholics and traditional Protestants like Baptists and Presbyterians, instead to be a mere political arm of a single church. Not only the acronym was changed, but the ideology was changed too, due to the fact that Bolsonaro sees environmentalists as part of a "conspiracy against Brazil" while his sons Eduardo Bolsonaro and Flávio Bolsonaro are global warming deniers. These two reasons forced the party to change its name and ideology.[17]

After an internal conflict, Bolsonaro gave up on joining Patriota in January 2018 and chose to join the Social Liberal Party in January 2018. Nevertheless, the party maintained the proposal of change of name and statute and the party have spoken in the possibility of two other members of the party applying for the candidacy to the presidency of the republic, these include Adilson Barroso himself and the plastic surgeon Dr. Roberto M. Rey Jr., affiliated to the party since 2014.[18]

In 2018, Patriota launched former firefighter and evangelical pastor Cabo Daciolo as their presidential nominee, without partnering any political party. Daciolo is known for his controversial political views, which include turning Brazil into a Christian theocracy.[19] Daciolo got 1,3% of votes and did not endorse Bolsonaro nor Haddad in the second round.[20]

On 17 December 2018, the Progressive Republican Party merged with Patriota, increasing its representation to nine deputies and one senator.[21] Patriota later joined Bolsonaro's coalition in the Congress.

Ideology and policies[]

Religious policies[]

Due to most members and militants of Patriota being from different Christian branches and racial backgrounds, the party condemns racism and promotes Christian ecumenism, despite this, the party opposes integration with non-Christians, mainly Atheists and Muslims. The party follows a deep conservative and fundamentalist orientation, being against secularism, abortion, same-sex marriage, LGBT adoption and pro-gender identity policies while referring to it as "gender ideology".[22] But ever since, the party has adopted more controversial stances, including turning Brazil into a theocratic state and replacing the secular 1988 constitution for a religious-oriented one.[6]

Economic policies[]

The party has ambiguous economic policies.[according to whom?] While embracing economic liberalism, the party opposes foreign interference, mainly by Chinese companies, in the Brazilian economy. The party supports the privatization of most Brazilian state-owned companies, but also promotes more Brazilian government interference in some sectors, like the mining sector, and opposes the privatization of Petrobras.[23] The party's economic policy can be seen as supporting a mixed economy.

National security policies[]

Patriota supports a hard approach against crime and drug trafficking, supporting the lowering of the minimum penal age and favoring life imprisonment and capital punishment. The party also supports liberal gun policies, favoring the open carry of weapons and favors large investments on the Brazilian Armed Forces.

Electoral results[]

Presidential elections[]

Election year Candidate first round second round
No. of overall votes % of overall vote No. of overall votes % of overall vote
2014 No candidate, endorsed Aécio Neves N/A N/A N/A N/A
2018 Cabo Daciolo 1,343,944 1.3 (No. 6) N/A N/A

See also[]

  • Evangelical political parties in Latin America

References[]

  1. ^ "Eleitores filiados". inter04.tse.jus.br.[dead link]
  2. ^ "Cabo Daciolo, a desonra e a glória do protestantismo brasileiro". 2018-10-07.
  3. ^ "Daciolo denuncia Nova Ordem Mundial e pede volta de voto em papel em debate - Notícias - UOL Eleições 2018". noticias.uol.com.br.
  4. ^ Fernandes, Augusto (1 June 2021). "Filiação de Flávio Bolsonaro provoca racha no Patriota". Política (in Portuguese). Retrieved 7 August 2021.
  5. ^ "Quem é Cabo Daciolo, o candidato nacionalista que quer transformar o Brasil em uma teocracia". InfoMoney. 9 August 2019.
  6. ^ a b c Umpieres, Rodrigo Tolotti. "Quem é Cabo Daciolo, o candidato nacionalista que quer transformar o Brasil em uma teocracia". www.infomoney.com.br.
  7. ^ "O que significa esquerda, direita e centro na política? - Política". Estadão (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2018-12-15.
  8. ^ "Direita cresce e engole o centro no Congresso mais fragmentado da história". Congresso em Foco (in Portuguese). 2019-02-01. Retrieved 2021-08-07.
  9. ^
  10. ^ "A extrema direita evangélica do Brasil pode eleger o próximo presidente do país – PATRIOTA 51".
  11. ^ "Patriotas acusa Jair Bolsonaro de "roubar" nome do partido". istoe.com.br. 22 November 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  12. ^ "OPINIÃO E POLÍTICA – De partido ecológico à extrema direita, Patriota levará Bolsonaro às urnas – Por João Paulo Prudêncio". JH NOTÍCIAS. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  13. ^ "Proposta Patriota – PATRIOTA 51" (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2021-08-07.
  14. ^ "PEN sera Patriota para dar candidatura Jair Bolsonaro" (in Portuguese). August 8, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  15. ^ Góes, Bruno. "PEN será Patriota para dar candidatura a Jair Bolsonaro | Lauro Jardim - O Globo". Lauro Jardim - O Globo (in Portuguese). Retrieved 2017-09-27.
  16. ^ 3, Jornal Página (2017-07-31). "Bolsonaro escolhe o PEN para se lançar à Presidência em 2018". www.pagina3.com.br. Retrieved 2017-09-27.CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ "No PEN, o cobiçado Jair Bolsonaro mira 2018 - EXAME". exame.abril.com.br. 2017-07-31.
  18. ^ "Bolsonaro desiste do Patriota e disputará eleição por outro partido".
  19. ^ Umpieres, Rodrigo Tolotti (9 August 2018). "Quem é Cabo Daciolo, o candidato nacionalista que quer transformar o Brasil em uma teocracia". InfoMoney. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
  20. ^ "Cabo Daciolo diz que não apoia Bolsonaro nem Haddad no 2º turno". HuffPost Brasil (in Portuguese). 2018-10-08. Retrieved 2019-02-14.
  21. ^ "Sai fusão do Patriota com o PRP. Fica o nome Patriota e Adilson Barroso será o presidente". Jornal Opção (in Portuguese). 2018-12-17. Retrieved 2019-02-14.
  22. ^ "Filho de Bolsonaro ridiculariza ideologia de gênero - Blog do Moreno - O Globo". Blog do Moreno - O Globo.
  23. ^ "Novo partido de Bolsonaro vai se chamar Patriota".
Preceded by Numbers of Brazilian Official Political Parties
51 – PATRI 		Succeeded by
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