People Power Party (South Korea)
People Power Party 국민의힘 | |
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Abbreviation | PPP |
Leader | Lee Jun-seok |
Floor Leader | Kim Gi-hyeon |
Secretary-General | Cheong Yang-seog |
Chair of the Policy Planning Committee | Lee Jong-bae |
Founded | 17 February 2020 (as the United Future Party) 2 September 2020 (as the People Power Party) |
Merger of | Liberty Korea Party New Conservative Party Onward for Future 4.0 Future Korea Party and other minor parties and political organizations |
Preceded by | Liberty Korea Party New Conservative Party |
Headquarters | 12, Gukhoe-Daero 74 Street, Yeoido-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, Korea |
Think tank | Yeouido Institute |
Student wing | PPP Central College Committee |
Youth wing | Youth People Power Party |
Women's wing | PPP Central Women's Committee |
Membership (2020) | 3,475,372[1] |
Ideology | Conservatism[2][3][4][5] Social conservatism[6][7][8] Economic liberalism[9][10] Anti-communism[11][12] |
Political position | Right-wing[13][14][15][16][17] |
Regional affiliation | Asia Pacific Democrat Union |
International affiliation | International Democrat Union |
Colours | Red (main) Blue White |
Seats in the National Assembly | 103 / 300 |
Metropolitan Mayors and Governors | 5 / 17 |
Municipal Mayors | 56 / 226 |
Seats within local government | 1,027 / 2,927 |
Website | |
www.peoplepowerparty.kr | |
People Power Party | |
Hangul | |
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Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Gugminuihim |
McCune–Reischauer | Kugminŭihim |
United Future Party | |
Hangul | |
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Miraetonghapdang |
McCune–Reischauer | Miraet'onghaptang |
The People Power Party (Korean: 국민의힘; Hanja: 國民의힘; RR: Gugminuihim; lit. Power of Nationals), formerly known as the United Future Party (Korean: 미래통합당; Hanja: 未來統合黨; RR: Miraetonghapdang; lit. Future United Party) is a conservative political party in South Korea.
The party was formed on 17 February 2020 by the merger of the Liberty Korea Party, New Conservative Party, and Onward for Future 4.0, as well as several minor parties and political organizations.[18] Following the 2020 legislative election, it became the 2nd largest party in the National Assembly, with 103 MPs.[19] The People Power Party is one of two major political parties in South Korea, along with its rival, the liberal Democratic Party.
History[]
Background[]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Logo_of_the_United_Future_Party.svg/250px-Logo_of_the_United_Future_Party.svg.png)
Due to the political scandal in 2016, President Park Geun-hye was impeached, and several MPs quit the then-ruling Saenuri Party to form the Bareun Party.[20] The Saenuri Party changed its name to the Liberty Korea Party (LKP),[21] but following the final impeachment of Park on 10 March 2017, it de jure lost its ruling party position.[22] After the Democratic presidential candidate Moon Jae-in was elected on 9 May,[23] the LKP officially became the main opposition.
Although several Bareun MPs returned to the LKP, the LKP did not recover its support, losing ground in the 2018 local elections.[24] Its president, Hong Jun-pyo, immediately resigned to take responsibility for the serious defeat.[24] The Bareun Party, which had merged with the smaller centrist People's Party to form the Bareunmirae Party, also faced a defeat in the local elections.[25]
The two conservative parties held snap leadership elections. On 2 September 2018, the Bareunmirae Party elected Sohn Hak-kyu as its new president.[26] On 27 February 2019, the Liberty Korea Party elected former Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-ahn as its new leader.[27] Lee Un-ju, a Bareunmirae MP, quit her party[28] and was widely expected to join the LKP[29] but formed a new party named Onward for Future 4.0.[30] With the exit of the Bareunmirae Party's President Sohn, other former Bareun MPs faced conflicts and founded the New Conservative Party.[31] As a "conservative union", the Liberty Korea Party, Onward for Future 4.0, and the New Conservative Party agreed to merge and establish a new party.[32]
The new party's name was initially set as the Grand Unified New Party (Korean: 대통합신당),[33] but soon changed to United Future Party (Korean: 미래통합당).[34] Park Hyung-joon, who led the merger and re-foundation, explained that the name shows support for youths and political solidarity.[35]
Founding congress[]
Following the merger and re-foundation of the 3 conservative parties into the United Future Party (UFP) on 17 February 2020,[18] it elected the Liberty Korea Party's President Hwang Kyo-ahn as the new president.[36] Though much of the UFP's leadership resembles that of the LKP, Vice-presidents Won Hee-ryong and Kim Yŏng-hwan are not from the LKP.[36]
The President of the Republic of Korea Moon Jae-in and the Democratic Party Leader Lee Hae-chan congratulated the new party's founding, but the move was not welcomed by other members.[37] Some sources reported that the party is planning to file a lawsuit against Moon.[38][39][40]
Yoo Seong-min, the former Bareunmirae president, did not attend the founding congress.[41] , who is in support of Park Geun-hye, exited the LKP before the formation of the new party.[42]
2020–2021[]
The party contested as an alliance with its sister satellite party, the Future Korea Party (FKP), in the 2020 elections. However, some UFP candidates provoked controversies for defamatory remarks, such as Cha Myong-jin and .[43]
The party was defeated in the election with some of the worst results historically for a conservative party in South Korea. The UFP won 103 out of 300 seats in the National Assembly, slightly over one-third of the seats.[44] The party lost several key figures, including Oh Se-hoon, Na Kyung-won, Shim Jae-chul, and Kim Jin-tae.[45][46] Party Leader Hwang Kyo-ahn, who contested for Jongno, was defeated by former Prime Minister Lee Nak-yeon.[47] Hwang announced that he would stand down as the party president.[48][49]
Following Hwang's resignation, it was reported that the party would temporarily establish the Emergency Planning Committee, led by Kim Chong-in.[50] Several members, such as , disagreed with the establishment of the committee.[51] Hong Jun-pyo, who showed an intention to return to the UFP, also opposed the proposal[52] and revealed Kim's past corruption allegations.[53]
On 8 May, Joo Ho-young was elected the UFP's Floor Leader, automatically becoming the party's interim Leader.[54][55] On 22 May, the party held an election to nominate Kim Chong-in as the interim President until the next by-elections on 7 April 2021,[56] which he accepted.[57][58] The same day, the FKP announced its merger by 29 May.[56] On 28 May, both the UFP and FKP officially declared their merger as the unified UFP.[19]
On 13 August, had revealed an opinion poll showing that the party has gained more supporters than the ruling Democratic Party (UFP: 36.5%–DP: 33.4%).[59] This was the first time that a conservative party gained more support than a liberal party since the political scandal of former President Park Geun-hye in October 2016.[59]
On 31 August, the party decided to change its name to the People Power (Korean: 국민의힘; the "Party" was added later[60]).[61][62][63] The party requested that the name be changed to the National Election Commission.[62] It has been argued that the new proposed name was similar to the minor centrist People Party of Ahn Cheol-soo.[62][63] There are speculations that the party is willing to form an electoral alliance with the minor opposition party in the 2021 by-elections.[62][63] , an MP of the Democratic Party, criticised the name for being too similar to a civic organisation established in 2003, where he used to serve as its first co-president.[64][65]
On 2 September, the party officially changed its name to the People Power Party, its current name.[66][67][64][65] The PPP declared that it would be a centrist and pragmatic party.[65] On 14 September, the party revealed its logo and its 3 colours—red, yellow, and blue,[68] based on its temporary decisions.[69] These colours were officially confirmed on 23 September, although yellow was replaced with white.[70]
On 17 September, , the MP for Gangneung, officially returned to the PPP, leading the party to have 104 seats.[71] He left the party before the 2020 elections, where he ran as an independent candidate.[71] The PPP's total seats were reverted to 103 after , the MP for Boeun-Okcheon-Yeongdong-Goesan, quit the party on 23 September following corruption allegations.[72] He denied all allegations related to him and his family.[72]
On 22 December, , the MP for Suyeong, quit the party following corruption allegations against himself and his father.[73]
On 7 January 2021, , the MP for Pohang South-Ulleung, withdrew from the PPP due to a controversy related to sexual harassment.[74] The same day, Kim Tae-ho, the former Governor of South Gyeongsang and the incumbent MP for Sancheong-Hamyang-Geochang-Hapcheon, officially rejoined the party.[75]
2021 by-elections[]
Before the 2021 by-elections, the party elected the former Mayor of Seoul Oh Se-hoon as its Seoul mayoral candidate, as well as the former MP for Suyeong, Park Hyung-joon as its Busan mayoral candidate on 4 March 2021.[76][77]
In the by-elections on 7 April, the party achieved an outright victory despite the government's low popularity, where both Oh and Park were elected by a large margin.[78] Oh Se-hoon, who formerly stepped down as the Mayor of Seoul in 2011, defeated the Democratic candidate Park Young-sun and successfully came back to the position.[78] Park Hyung-joon also defeated the Democratic candidate Kim Young-choon and was elected the Mayor of Busan, despite his several controversies, such as Haeundae LCT The Sharp.[78] The same day, the MP for Gimcheon , faced public backlashes after it was reported that he was swearing and assaulting office workers.[79][80][81] He quit the party on 14 April.[82]
Since 2021[]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Yoon_Seok-youl%2C_leave_the_main_opposition_People_Power_Party%27s_headquarters_in_Seoul_on_July_30%2C_2021.jpg/250px-Yoon_Seok-youl%2C_leave_the_main_opposition_People_Power_Party%27s_headquarters_in_Seoul_on_July_30%2C_2021.jpg)
On 8 April 2021, Joo Ho-young returned as the interim President of the party.[83] He announced his intention to resign as the parliamentary leader on 16 April, adding that he would not serve until his term finishes on 29 May, but instead, until a new person is elected.[84][85] The same day, the party declared that they will continue the processes to merge the minor People Party.[84][85]
On 30 April, the former Mayor of Ulsan Kim Gi-hyeon was elected the new parliamentary leader of the party, defeating , , and Yu Eui-dong.[86] He served as the acting party President until the leadership election[86] that was held on 11 June.[87][88]
On 21 May, Kim Byong-wook, who quit the party in January following a sexual harassment controversy, officially returned to the PPP.[89][90]
On 11 June, Lee Jun-seok was elected the new President of the party, defeating Na Kyung-won and others.[91][92]
On 24 June, the party approved an independent MP Hong Jun-pyo's bid to rejoin.[93][94] Among the 4 independent MPs who had quit the party before the 2020 elections, became the sole MP who has not returned to the party yet.[93][94]
On 15 July, Choi Jae-hyung, one of the potential candidate for the 2022 presidential election, officially joined the party.[95][96]
On 30 July, the former Prosecutor General Yoon Seok-youl, who is also the most favourable candidate for the 2020 presidential election, officially joined the party.[97][98][99]
Political positions[]
Social policies[]
The PPP has a moderate socially conservative tendency and advocates sound budgeting, quality education, public safety, jobs, economic growth, traditional family values, and national patriotism.[100] Most PPP politicians oppose LGBT rights.[101] Oh Se-hoon and other politicians, known as moderate conservatives,[102] are also opposed to homosexuality.[6] The party is strongly opposed to the comprehensive anti-discrimination law, which includes sexual minorities, saying it reverse discriminates against women.[103]
Some media outlets criticized PPP's negative attitude toward feminism.[104][105]
Leadership[]
Leaders[]
- Note: ERC – as head of Emergency Response Committee
No. | Name | Photo | Term of office | Election results | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | ||||
1 | Hwang Kyo-ahn (resigned) |
![]() |
17 February 2020 | 15 April 2020 | No election |
— | Shim Jae-chul (acting) |
![]() |
16 April 2020 | 8 May 2020 | Succeeded |
— | Joo Ho-young (acting) |
![]() |
8 May 2020 | 22 May 2020 | Succeeded |
— | Kim Chong-in (ERC) |
![]() |
22 May 2020 | 8 April 2021 | Appointed |
— | Joo Ho-young (acting) |
![]() |
8 April 2021 | 30 April 2021 | Succeeded |
— | Kim Gi-hyeon (acting) |
![]() |
30 April 2021 | 11 June 2021 | Succeeded |
2 | Lee Jun-seok | ![]() |
11 June 2021 | Incumbent | 2021 |
Floor Leaders[]
No. | Name | Photo | Term of office | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | |||
1 | Shim Jae-chul (resigned) |
![]() |
17 February 2020 | 8 May 2020 |
2 | Joo Ho-young | ![]() |
8 May 2020 | 30 April 2021 |
3 | Kim Gi-hyeon | ![]() |
30 April 2021 | Incumbent |
Secretary-General[]
No. | Name | Photo | Term of office | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | |||
1 | Park Wan-soo | 17 February 2020 | 28 May 2020 | |
2 | Kim Seon-dong | 28 May 2020 | 14 October 2020 | |
3 | Cheong Yang-seog | ![]() |
19 October 2020 | Incumbent |
Election results[]
General elections[]
Election | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Outcome of election | Status | Election leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2020 | 103 / 300
|
9,441,520 | 33.8% | ![]() |
Opposition | Hwang Kyo-ahn |
By-elections[]
Election | Metropolitan mayor/Governor | Municipal mayor | Provincial legislecture | Municipal legislature | Election leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2021 | 2 / 2
|
2 / 2
|
5 / 8
|
6 / 9
|
Kim Chong-in |
Notes[]
References[]
- ^ 2019년도 정당의 활동개황 및 회계보고
- ^ Shim, Elizabeth (28 February 2020). "South Korea president voices concern about Chinese reprisal". United Press International (UPI). Retrieved 16 March 2020.
Hwang Kyo-ahn, leader of the conservative United Future Party, the main opposition, told Moon it might not be too late to implement a ban to prevent a further increase in cases of COVID-19.
- ^ Sang-Hun, Choe (19 February 2020). "Ex-North Korean Diplomat Runs for South Korean Parliament". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
South Korea’s main conservative political opposition, the United Future Party, selected him to run in National Assembly elections in April.
- ^ Si-young, Choi (2 March 2020). "Public divided over expanding China entry ban". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
Almost 9 out of 10 supporters of the conservative main opposition United Future Party favored a wider ban that covers all of China.
- ^ Ju-min, Park (2 March 2020). "Wristwatch overshadows South Korea sect leader's coronavirus apology". Reuters. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
United Future Party, a conservative political movement formerly headed by Park, denied Lee and the party had any political connections.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Song Chang-Sik (9 April 2020). "오세훈-고민정 이어 이동섭-우원식도 동성애 혐오 발언". 미디어스.
- ^ "How religion spurs homophobia in South Korean politics". Nikkei Asia. 26 March 2021.
- ^ "South korea conservatives elections misogyny real estate". Foreign Policy. 21 April 2021.
- ^ Kim, Beom-su (10 June 2020). "[단독인터뷰] 김종인 미래통합당 비대위원장" [[Exclusive interview] Kim Jong-in, Vice Chairman of the Future United Party]. Future Korea Weekly (in Korean).
- ^ Ha, Cheol-min (8 December 2020). "김영식 의원, 자유기업원 2020년도 '자유경제입법상' 수상" [Rep. Kim Young-sik, Received the 2020 Free Economy Legislative Award from the Free Enterprise Institute]. Gyeongbuk Ilbo (in Korean).
- ^ Seo Han-gil (14 April 2020). "황교안, 또 다시 큰절…"조국 부부 미소 짓고, 윤석열 쫓겨날 것"". 동아일보.
- ^ "An election that turned against far-right claims by the United Future Party". 경인뷰 (in Korean). 22 April 2020.
- ^ "The Little Symbol Triggering Men in South Korea's Gender War". New York Times. 30 July 2021.
Last month, Lee Jun-seok, a men’s-rights crusader who amplified the charge of man hatred against GS25, was elected leader of the right-wing People Power Party.
- ^ "Three minor parties merge ahead of April elections". Yonhap News Agency. 24 February 2020.
Last Monday, the main opposition Liberty Korea Party merged with the New Conservative Party and Forward for Future 4.0 to create the right-wing United Future Party (UFP).
- ^ "Ten years since Cheonan sinking, Seoul mulls naming new frigate after the ship". NK News. 26 March 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
Meanwhile, the moderate conservative opposition United Future Party (UFP), previously Liberty Korea Party (LKP), stated that the “reality of the national security of the ROK in 2020 is embarrassing” and that the soldiers’ sacrifice should not be in vain.
- ^ "Prospect grows for opposition coalition". The Korea Herald. 5 July 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
Cooperative moves gained traction since the right-wing United Future Party, the largest opposition party with 103 lawmakers, and center-right People’s Party with three lawmakers launched a joint study program called the People’s Future Forum in early June, where party leaders and lawmakers share and discuss the future course of their policy directions.
- ^ "Moon promises the sky in Busan but faces electoral crash landing". Nikkei Asia. 9 April 2021.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "'의석 113석' 미래통합당 출범…오늘 의원총회서 상견례". 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "[속보]통합당, 미래한국당과 합당 의결…'103석' 제1야당 재편". 27 May 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
- ^ "바른정당, 무릎 꿇고 사죄하며 창당대회". 24 January 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "새누리당, 오늘 자유한국당으로 개명…상징은 '횃불'". 13 February 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "[전문] 자유한국당 "헌법재판소 대통령 탄핵 인용 결정 겸허하게 수용"". 10 March 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "문재인, 득표율 41.08% …역대 최다 표차 당선". 10 May 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "지방선거 패배, 자유한국당 홍준표 대표직 사퇴". 14 June 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "[지방선거 결과③] '바른미래당' ·· 왜 망했나". 14 June 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "돌아온 손학규... 바른비래 당대표 당선, 27% 득표". 2 September 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "황교안, 한국당 당대표 당선…'탄핵 그늘' 걷어낼까". 27 February 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "이언주 탈당…바른미래당 깨지나". 23 April 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "신당 창당 선언한 이언주…한국당과는 결별?". 13 November 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "이언주 의원 '미래를 향한 전진4.0' 공식 창당". 19 January 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "새보수당 창당 "총선서 80석 목표"…한국당 "보수통합 동참을"". 19 January 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "한국당, 새보수·전진당과 합당…신당명 '미래통합당'". 13 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "보수 통합신당 당명, '대통합신당' 잠정 결정". 11 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "보수통합신당 당명 '미래통합당'으로 결정". 14 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "'미래통합당'으로...궤도 오른 통합열차". 13 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "미래통합당 대표에 황교안…민주당 "돌고 돌아 새누리당"". 17 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "'이해찬→이반찬'…미래통합당 창당식서 수난겪은 여권 화환". 17 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "미래통합당 "문재인 대통령 선거개입 혐의로 고발"". 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "미래통합당, 문재인 대통령 고발 검토…"선거법 위반 혐의"". 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "문재인 대통령 고발 연기한 미래통합당 "미룬 것뿐…꼭 한다"". 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "미래통합당 출범식 불참한 유승민…쇄신미흡 불만?". 17 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "유승민에 반감? 朴측근 유영하, 미래통합당 출범 당일 탈당". 18 February 2020. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
- ^ "김종인, 김대호·차명진 막말 논란 '대국민 사과'". 9 April 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ "통합당, 보수정당史 최악의 참패". 16 April 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
- ^ "황교안·오세훈·나경원 낙선… 통합당 '대권주자' 사라져". 16 April 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
- ^ "[2020선택] 나경원·김진태·민경욱·심재철.. 국민의 심판 보여준 사례". 16 April 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
- ^ "[당선-서울 종로] 이낙연, "국난 극복에 혼신 노력 할 것"". 15 April 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ "[속보]황교안 통합당 대표직 사퇴… "총선 결과 책임지겠다"". 15 April 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ "[속보] 미래통합당 황교안 "모든 당직 내려놓겠다"". 15 April 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ "미래통합당, '김종인 비대위 체제' 결정". 22 April 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
- ^ "김영우, 통합당 '김종인 비대위' 결정에 "토론도 없이 전화로…참 답답"". 22 April 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
- ^ "'김종인 비대위' 반발 이어져...28일 통합당 전국위 열릴까". 26 April 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
- ^ ""뇌물전과" 김종인 겨눈 홍준표…악연 시작은 8일전 아닌 8년전". 27 April 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
- ^ "[속보] 미래통합당 새 원내대표에 주호영…정책위의장 이종배". 8 May 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
- ^ "통합당 새 원내대표에 TK 5선 주호영…과반 득표 낙승(종합)". 8 May 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "통합-한국 5월내 합당, 재보궐까지 김종인 비대위(종합)". 22 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ "통합당, 김종인 요구대로 '내년 4월까지' 비대위 확정…5월내 합당". 22 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ "김종인, 비대위원장직 수락…"통합당 정상 궤도로"". 22 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "미래통합당 文 정부서 첫 지지도 1위…통합 36.5% 민주 33.4%". 13 August 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
- ^ "PP에서 PPP로… '국민의힘' 영문명에 무슨 일이". 2 September 2020. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
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- ^ Jump up to: a b "지금부터 '국민의힘'…김종인 체제 출범 99일만 새 당명⋅새 출발(종합)". 2 September 2020. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
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- ^ "'당직자 폭행' 논란 송언석 "소리만 좀 있었지…"". 8 April 2021. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
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- ^ ""정의당의 차별금지법은 여성의 안전권-인권-기회 침해하는 역차별법"(바른인권여성연합)". 월간조선. 23 July 2020.
- ^ S. Nathan Park (23 June 2021). "Why So Many Young Men in South Korea Hate Feminism". Foreign Policy.
- ^ "The Little Symbol Triggering Men in South Korea's Gender War". New York Times. 30 July 2021.
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