Prix Goncourt

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Prix Goncourt
Prix Goncourt.jpg
Awarded for"the best and most imaginative prose work of the year"
DateNovember, annual
CountryFrance
Presented byAcadémie Goncourt
First awarded1903
Websiteacademie-goncourt.fr

The Prix Goncourt (French: Le prix Goncourt, IPA: [lə pʁi ɡɔ̃kuʁ], The Goncourt Prize) is a prize in French literature, given by the académie Goncourt to the author of "the best and most imaginative prose work of the year". Four other prizes are also awarded: prix Goncourt du Premier Roman (first novel), prix Goncourt de la Nouvelle (short story), prix Goncourt de la Poésie (poetry) and prix Goncourt de la Biographie (biography). Of the "big six" French literary awards, the Prix Goncourt is the best known and most prestigious.[1] The other major literary prizes are the Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française, the Prix Femina, the Prix Renaudot, the Prix Interallié and the Prix Médicis.[1]

History[]

Edmond de Goncourt

Edmond de Goncourt, a successful author, critic, and publisher, bequeathed his estate for the foundation and maintenance of the académie Goncourt.[2] In honour of his brother and collaborator, Jules Alfred Huot de Goncourt (1830–1870), the académie has awarded the Prix Goncourt every December since 1903.[2] The jury that determines the winner meets at the Drouant restaurant in November to make its decision.[3] Notable winners of the prize include Marcel Proust (In Search of Lost Time), Simone de Beauvoir (The Mandarins), André Malraux (Man's Fate) and Marguerite Duras (The Lover).[2]

The award was initially established to provide talented new authors with a monetary award that would allow them to write a second book.[4] Today, the Goncourt has a token prize amount (around 10 euros), about the same amount given in 1903, and so the prestige of the prize has been explained not because of the cash-value of the prize, but "in terms of the tremendous book sales it effects: the Goncourt winner becomes an instant millionaire."[5]

In 1987, the Prix Goncourt des Lycéens was established, as a collaboration between the académie Goncourt, the French Ministry of Education, and Fnac, a book, music, and movie retailer.

The Prix Renaudot is announced at the same ceremony as the Prix Goncourt. It has become known as something of a second-place prize.[6]

Controversies[]

Journalists at Le Drouant restaurant, 2016 Prix Goncourt.

Within months of the first prize in 1903, it spawned a "hostile counter-prize" in the form of the Prix Femina to counter the all-male Jury of the Goncourt with an all-female jury on the Femina.[7]

Some decisions for awarding the prize have been controversial, a famous case being the decision to award the prize in 1919 to Marcel Proust; this was met with indignation, since many in the public felt that the prize should have gone to Roland Dorgelès for Les Croix de bois, a novel about the First World War.[8][9] The prize was supposed to be awarded to promising young authors, whereas Proust was not considered "young" at 48 – however Proust was a beginning author which is the only eligibility requirement, age being unimportant.[8][9]

In 1921, Rene Maran won the Goncourt with Batouala, veritable roman negre, the first French novel to openly criticize European colonialism in Africa.[10] The novel caused "violent reactions" and was banned in all the French colonies.[10]

In 1932, the prize was controversial for passing up Louis-Ferdinand Céline's Voyage au bout de la nuit for Guy Mazeline's Les Loups.[11] The voting process became the basis of the 1992 book Goncourt 32 by Eugène Saccomano.[12]

Although the award may only be given to an author once, Romain Gary won it twice, in 1956 for Les racines du ciel and again under the pseudonym Émile Ajar in 1975 for La vie devant soi.[13] The Académie Goncourt awarded the prize to Ajar without knowing his real identity.[13] A period of literary intrigue followed. Gary's cousin's son Paul Pavlowitch posed as the author for a time. Gary later revealed the truth in his posthumous book Vie et mort d'Émile Ajar.[13]

Winners[]

Prix Goncourt winners
Year Author French title English title Transl. year Film title Film year Notes
1903 John Antoine Nau Force ennemie Enemy Force 2010 N/A N/A
1904 Léon Frapié La Maternelle N/A N/A La Maternelle 1933
1905 Claude Farrère N/A N/A N/A N/A
1906 Jean and Jérôme Tharaud N/A N/A N/A N/A
1907 Émile Moselly and N/A N/A N/A N/A [n 1]
1908 Francis de Miomandre N/A N/A N/A N/A
1909 Marius-Ary Leblond N/A N/A N/A N/A
1910 Louis Pergaud N/A N/A N/A N/A
1911 Alphonse de Châteaubriant Monsieur des Lourdines 1912 Monsieur des Lourdines 1943
1912 André Savignon N/A N/A N/A N/A
1913 Marc Elder N/A N/A N/A N/A
1914 Adrien Bertrand L'Appel du Sol 1919 N/A N/A [n 2]
1915 René Benjamin Gaspard 1916 N/A N/A
1916 Henri Barbusse Le Feu Under Fire 1917 N/A N/A [n 3]
1917 Henry Malherbe La Flamme au poing 1918 N/A N/A
1918 Georges Duhamel Civilisation Civilization 1919 N/A N/A
1919 Marcel Proust A l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs Within a Budding Grove 1920 N/A N/A [n 4]
1920 Ernest Pérochon Nêne 1920 [15] 1924
1921 René Maran Batouala Batouala 1921 N/A N/A
1922 Henri Béraud and N/A N/A N/A N/A
1923 Lucien Fabre N/A N/A N/A N/A
1924 Thierry Sandre N/A N/A N/A N/A
1925 Maurice Genevoix Raboliot N/A N/A Raboliot
[16]
[17] 		1946
1972
2008
1926 Henri Deberly N/A N/A N/A N/A
1927 Maurice Bedel Jérôme 60° latitude nord 1928 N/A N/A
1928 Maurice Constantin-Weyer Un Homme se penche sur son passé 1929 [18]
[19] 		1958
1996
1929 Marcel Arland N/A N/A [20] 1985
1930 H. Fauconnier Malaisie or 1931 N/A N/A
1931 Jean Fayard Mal d'amour 1931 N/A N/A
1932 Guy Mazeline Les Loups 1935 N/A N/A
1933 André Malraux La Condition humaine Man's Fate 1934 N/A N/A
1934 Roger Vercel Capitaine Conan Captain Conan 1935 Capitaine Conan 1996
1935 Joseph Peyre N/A N/A N/A N/A
1936 Maxence Van Der Meersch L'Empreinte de Dieu 1937 N/A N/A
1937 Charles Plisnier Faux passeports N/A N/A N/A N/A [n 5]
1938 Henri Troyat N/A N/A N/A N/A
1939 Philippe Hériat N/A N/A N/A N/A
1940 Francis Ambrière Les grandes vacances The Long Holiday 1948 N/A N/A [n 6]
1941 Henri Pourrat N/A N/A N/A N/A
1942 Marc Bernard N/A N/A N/A N/A
1943 Marius Grout Passage de l'Homme 1962 N/A N/A
1944 Elsa Triolet Le premier accroc coûte 200 Francs 1947 N/A N/A
1945 Jean-Louis Bory Mon village à l'heure allemande N/A N/A N/A N/A
1946 Jean-Jacques Gautier Histoire d'un Fait divers N/A N/A N/A N/A
1947 Jean-Louis Curtis Les Forêts de la Nuit The Forests of the Night 1950 N/A N/A
1948 Maurice Druon Les grandes familles 1952 The Possessors

[21]

1958
1989
1949 Robert Merle Week-end à Zuydcoote Week-end at Zuydcoote 1950 Weekend at Dunkirk 1964
1950 Paul Colin Les jeux sauvages 1953 N/A N/A
1951 Julien Gracq Le Rivage des Syrtes The Opposing Shore 1986 N/A N/A [n 7]
1952 Béatrix Beck Léon Morin, prêtre The Priest (UK), The Passionate Heart (US) 1953 Léon Morin, Priest
[22] 		1961
1991
1953 Pierre Gascar N/A N/A N/A N/A
1954 Simone de Beauvoir Les Mandarins The Mandarins 1957 N/A N/A
1955 Roger Ikor N/A N/A [23] 1969
1956 Romain Gary Les racines du ciel The Roots of Heaven 1957 The Roots of Heaven 1958
1957 Roger Vailland La Loi The Law 1958 The Law 1959
1958 Francis Walder Saint-Germain ou la négociation N/A N/A N/A N/A
1959 André Schwarz-Bart Le dernier des Justes The Last of the Just 1960 N/A N/A
1960 Vintilă Horia Dieu est né en exil God Was Born in Exile 1961 N/A N/A
1961 Jean Cau La pitié de Dieu The Mercy of God 1963 N/A N/A
1962 Anna Langfus Les bagages de sable 1964 N/A N/A
1963 Armand Lanoux N/A N/A [24] 1963
1964 Georges Conchon N/A N/A The Savage State 1978
1965 Jacques Borel L'Adoration 1968 N/A N/A
1966 Edmonde Charles-Roux Oublier Palerme To Forget Palermo 1968 Dimenticare Palermo 1990
1967 André Pieyre de Mandiargues La Marge The Margin 1970 The Margin 1976
1968 Bernard Clavel Les fruits de l'hiver 1969 N/A N/A
1969 Félicien Marceau Creezy Creezy 1970 Creezy 1974
1970 Michel Tournier Le Roi des Aulnes The Erl-King (UK) or The Ogre (US) 1972 The Ogre 1996
1971 Jacques Laurent Les Bêtises N/A N/A N/A N/A
1972 Jean Carrière N/A N/A N/A N/A
1973 Jacques Chessex L'Ogre A Father's Love (1975) or (2012) 1975 N/A N/A [n 8]
1974 Pascal Lainé La Dentellière A Web of Lace (1976) or The Lacemaker (2008)[25] 1976 The Lacemaker 1977
1975 Émile Ajar (Romain Gary) La vie devant soi Momo (1978) or The Life Before Us (1986) 1978 Madame Rosa
The Life Ahead 		1977
2020 		[n 9]
1976 Patrick Grainville N/A N/A N/A N/A
1977 Didier Decoin N/A N/A N/A N/A
1978 Patrick Modiano Rue des boutiques obscures Missing Person 1980 N/A N/A
1979 Antonine Maillet Pélagie la Charette 1982 N/A N/A
1980 Yves Navarre Le Jardin d'acclimatation 1986 N/A N/A
1981 Lucien Bodard N/A N/A N/A N/A
1982 Dominique Fernandez N/A N/A N/A N/A
1983 Frédérick Tristan Les égarés 1991 N/A N/A
1984 Marguerite Duras L'Amant The Lover 1986 The Lover 1992
1985 Yann Queffélec Les Noces barbares 1987 The Cruel Embrace 1987
1986 Michel Host N/A N/A N/A N/A
1987 Tahar Ben Jelloun La Nuit sacrée 1989 [26] 1993
1988 Érik Orsenna L'Exposition coloniale 1991 N/A N/A
1989 Jean Vautrin N/A N/A N/A N/A
1990 Jean Rouaud Les Champs d'honneur 1992 N/A N/A
1991 Pierre Combescot N/A N/A N/A N/A
1992 Patrick Chamoiseau Texaco Texaco 1998 N/A N/A
1993 Amin Maalouf Le Rocher de Tanios The Rock of Tanios 1994 N/A N/A
1994 Didier Van Cauwelaert Un Aller simple One-Way 2003 [27] 2001
1995 Andreï Makine Le Testament français Dreams of My Russian Summers 1998 N/A N/A
1996 Pascale Roze Le Chasseur Zéro N/A N/A N/A N/A
1997 Patrick Rambaud La Bataille The Battle 2000 N/A N/A
1998 Paule Constant Confidence pour confidence Trading Secrets N/A N/A N/A
1999 Jean Echenoz Je m'en vais I'm Gone (US) or I'm Off (UK) 2001 N/A N/A
2000 Jean-Jacques Schuhl Ingrid Caven Ingrid Caven 2004 N/A N/A
2001 Jean-Christophe Rufin Rouge Brésil Brazil Red 2004 N/A N/A
2002 Pascal Quignard Les Ombres errantes The Roving Shadows 2011 N/A N/A
2003 Jacques-Pierre Amette La maîtresse de Brecht Brecht's Lover (US) or Brecht's Mistress (UK) 2005 N/A N/A
2004 Laurent Gaudé Le Soleil des Scorta The House of Scorta (US 2006) The Scortas' Sun (UK 2007) 2006 N/A N/A
2005 François Weyergans Trois jours chez ma mère N/A N/A N/A N/A
2006 Jonathan Littell Les Bienveillantes The Kindly Ones 2009 N/A N/A
2007 Gilles Leroy Alabama song N/A N/A N/A N/A
2008 Atiq Rahimi Syngué Sabour: La pierre de patience Stone of Patience (UK) or The Patience Stone (US) 2010 The Patience Stone 2012
2009 Marie NDiaye Trois femmes puissantes Three Strong Women 2012 N/A N/A
2010 Michel Houellebecq La Carte et le territoire The Map and the Territory 2012 N/A N/A
2011 Alexis Jenni L'Art français de la guerre The French Art of War 2017 N/A N/A
2012 Jérôme Ferrari Le Sermon sur la chute de Rome The Sermon on the Fall of Rome 2014 N/A N/A
2013 Pierre Lemaitre Au revoir là-haut The Great Swindle 2015 See You Up There 2017
2014 Lydie Salvayre  [fr] Cry, Mother Spain 2016 N/A N/A
2015 Mathias Énard Boussole Compass 2017 N/A N/A
2016 Leïla Slimani Chanson douce Lullaby (UK)

The Perfect Nanny (USA)

2018 [28] 2019
2017 Éric Vuillard L'Ordre du jour The Order of the Day 2018 N/A N/A
2018 Nicolas Mathieu Leurs enfants après eux And Their Children After Them 2019 N/A N/A
2019 Jean-Paul Dubois  [fr] N/A N/A N/A N/A
2020 Hervé Le Tellier L'Anomalie [fr] The Anomaly 2021 N/A N/A
Notes
  • Translations full audit: March 2009[29]
  • Films full audit: February 2011[30]
  • Translation date is of first translation, later ones may be available.
  • Website of the Academie Goncourt with list of past winners.

Other awards[]

In addition to the Prix Goncourt for a novel, the Academy Awards four other awards, for first novel, short story, biography and poetry.

As of March 2009, the académie changed the award name by dropping "bourses" ("scholarship") from the title.[31][32] The prefix "prix" can be included or not, such as "Prix Goncourt de la Poésie" (Goncourt prize for Poetry) or "Goncourt de la Poésie" (Goncourt of Poetry). For example: "Claude Vigée was awarded a Goncourt de la Poésie in 2008". Or, "Claude Vigée won the 2008 prix Goncourt de la Poésie".

The award titles are:

Pre-2009 award name Post-2009 award name Category
Bourse Goncourt de la Biographie Prix Goncourt de la Biographie Biography
Bourse Goncourt de la Nouvelle Prix Goncourt de la Nouvelle Short story
Bourse Goncourt du Premier Roman Prix Goncourt du Premier Roman Debut novel
Bourse Goncourt de la Poésie Prix Goncourt de la Poésie Poetry
Bourse Goncourt Jeunesse discontinued Juvenile

The winners are listed below.[33]

Prix Goncourt de la Biographie[]

Goncourt Prize for biography. Awarded in partnership with the city of Nancy.

  • 1980 – Jean Lacouture, François Mauriac
  • 1981 – Hubert Juin, Victor Hugo
  • 1982 – Pierre Sipriot, René Depestre
  • 1983 – Ghislain de Diesbach, Madame de Staël
  • 1984 – Jeanne Champion, Suzanne Valadon
  • 1985 – Georges Poisson, Laclos ou l'Obstination
  • 1986 – Jean Canavaggio, Cervantes
  • 1987 – Michel Surya, Georges Bataille, la mort à l'œuvre
  • 1988 – Frédéric Vitoux, La Vie de Louis-Ferdinand Céline
  • 1989 – Joanna Richardson, Judith Gautier
  • 1990 – Pierre Citron, Giono
  • 1991 – Odette Joyeux, Le Troisième œil, la vie de Nicéphore Niepce
  • 1992 – Philippe Beaussant, Lully
  • 1993 – Jean Bothorel, Louise de Vilmorin
  • 1994 – David Bellos, Georges Perec
  • 1995 – Henry Gidel, Les Deux Guitry
  • 1996 – Anka Muhlstein, Astolphe de Custine
  • 1997 – Jean-Claude Lamy, Prévert, les frères
  • 1998 – Christian Liger, Le Roman de Rossel
  • 1999 – Claude Pichois and Alain Brunet, Colette
  • 2000 – Dominique Bona, Berthe Morisot
  • 2001 – Laure Murat, La maison du docteur Blanche
  • 2002 – Jean-Paul Goujon, Une Vie Secrète (1870–1925); Mille lettres de Pierre Louÿs à Georges Louis (1890–1917)
  • 2003 – Pierre Billard, Louis Malle
  • 2004 – Claude Dufresne, Appelez-moi George Sand
  • 2005 – Thibaut d'Anthonay, Jean Lorrain
  • 2006 – Angie David, Dominique Aury
  • 2007 – Patrice Locmant, Huysmans, le forçat de la vie
  • 2008 – Jennifer Lesieur, Jack London
  • 2009 – Viviane Forrester, Virginia Woolf
  • 2010 – Michel Winock, Madame de Stael
  • 2011 – Maurizio Serra, Malaparte, vies et légendes
  • 2012 – David Haziot, Le Roman des Rouart
  • 2013 – Pascal Mérigeau, Jean Renoir
  • 2014 – Jean Lebrun, Notre Chanel[34]
  • 2015 – Jean-Christophe Attias, Moïse fragile[35]
  • 2016 – Philippe Forest, Aragon
  • 2017 - Marianne and Claude Schopp, Dumas fils ou l'Anti-Œdipe
  • 2018 - Denis Demonpion, Salinger intime
  • 2019 - Frédéric Pajak, Manifeste incertain, volume 7: Emily Dickinson, Marina Tsvetaïeva, l'immense poésie

Prix Goncourt de la Nouvelle[]

Goncourt Prize for short stories. Begun in 1974 in the form of scholarships. Awarded in partnership with the city of Strasbourg since 2001.

  • 1974 – Daniel Boulanger, Fouette, cocher !
  • 1975 – S. Corinna Bille, La Demoiselle sauvage
  • 1976 – Antoine Blondin, Quat'saisons
  • 1977 – , Départements et territoires d'outre-mort
  • 1978 – Christiane Baroche, Chambres, avec vue sur le passé
  • 1979 – Andrée Chedid, Le Corps et le Temps
  • 1980 – Guy Lagorce, Les Héroïques
  • 1981 – Annie Saumont, Quelquefois dans les cérémonies
  • 1982 – René Depestre, Alléluia pour une femme-jardin
  • 1983 – Raymond Jean, Un fantasme de Bella B.
  • 1984 – , Les Jours de vin et de roses
  • 1985 – Pierrette Fleutiaux, Métamorphoses de la reine
  • 1986 – Jean Vautrin, Baby-boom
  • 1987 – Noëlle Châtelet, Histoires de bouche
  • 1988 – Jean-Louis Hue, Dernières Nouvelles du Père Noël
  • 1989 – Paul Fournel, Les Athlètes dans leur tête
  • 1990 – Jacques Bens, Nouvelles désenchantées
  • 1991 – Rafaël Pividal, Le Goût de la catastrophe
  • 1992 – Catherine Lépront, Trois gardiennes
  • 1993 – , Un après-midi plutôt gai
  • 1994 – , Les Lettres du baron
  • 1996 – Ludovic Janvier, En mémoire du lit
  • 1997 – François Sureau, Le Sphinx de Darwin
  • 1999 – Elvire de Brissac, Les anges d'en bas
  • 2000 – Catherine Paysan, Les Désarmés
  • 2001 – Stéphane Denis, Elle a maigri pour le festival
  • 2002 – Sébastien Lapaque, Mythologie Française
  • 2003 – Philippe Claudel, Les petites mécaniques
  • 2004 – Olivier Adam, Passer l'hiver
  • 2005 – Georges-Olivier Châteaureynaud, Singe savant tabassé par deux clowns
  • 2006 – , Le Bar des habitudes
  • 2007 – Brigitte Giraud, L'Amour est très surestimé
  • 2008 – , Ultimes vérités sur la mort du nageur
  • 2009 – Sylvain Tesson, Une vie à coucher dehors
  • 2010 – Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt, Concerto à la mémoire d'un ange
  • 2011 – Bernard Comment, Tout passe
  • 2012 – Didier Daeninckx, L'Espoir en contrebande
  • 2013 – Fouad Laroui, L'Étrange Affaire du pantalon de Dassoukine
  • 2014 – Nicolas Cavaillès, Vie de monsieur Leguat[36]
  • 2015 – Patrice Franceschi, Première personne du singulier[37]
  • 2016 – Marie-Hélène Lafon, Histoires
  • 2017 – Raphaël Haroche, Retourner à la mer
  • 2018 – Régis Jauffret, Microfictions 2018
  • 2019 – Caroline Lamarche, Nous sommes à la lisière

Prix Goncourt du Premier Roman[]

Goncourt Prize for debut novel. Awarded in partnership with the municipality of Paris.

Prix Goncourt de la Poésie[]

French literature
by category
French literary history
French writers
  • Chronological list
  • Writers by category
  • Essayists
  • Novelists
  • Playwrights
  • Poets
  • Short story writers
  • Children's writers
Portals
  • France
  • Literature
  • v
  • t

Goncourt Prize for poetry. Established through the bequest of Adrien Bertrand (Prix Goncourt in 1914). The award is for the poet's entire career work.

  • 1985 – Claude Roy
  • 1986 – postponed to 1987[42]
  • 1987 – Yves Bonnefoy
  • 1988 – Eugène Guillevic
  • 1989 – Alain Bosquet
  • 1990 – Charles Le Quintrec
  • 1991 – Jean-Claude Renard
  • 1992 – Georges-Emmanuel Clancier
  • 1993 – not awarded[42]
  • 1994 – not awarded[42]
  • 1995 – Lionel Ray
  • 1996 – André Velter
  • 1997 – Maurice Chappaz
  • 1998 – Lorand Gaspar
  • 1999 – Jacques Réda
  • 2000 – Liliane Wouters
  • 2001 – Claude Esteban
  • 2002 – Andrée Chedid
  • 2003 – Philippe Jaccottet
  • 2004 – Jacques Chessex
  • 2005 – Charles Dobzynski
  • 2006 – Alain Jouffroy
  • 2007 – Marc Alyn
  • 2008 – Claude Vigée
  • 2009 – Abdellatif Laabi
  • 2010 – Guy Goffette
  • 2011 – Vénus Khoury-Ghata
  • 2012 – Jean-Claude Pirotte
  • 2013 – Charles Juliet
  • 2014 – not awarded
  • 2015 – William Cliff[43]
  • 2016 – Le Printemps des Poètes
  • 2017 – Franck Venaille
  • 2018 – Anise Koltz
  • 2019 – Yvon Le Men

Bourse Goncourt Jeunesse[]

Goncrout Prize for children's literature. Awarded in partnership with the municipality of Fontvieille. Discontinued after 2007.

  • 1999 – and , Le fantôme de Shanghai
  • 2000 – , Rouge Matou
  • 2002 – and , Jeanne and le Mokélé and Jesus Betz
  • 2003 – , Avant la Télé
  • 2004 – Jean Chalon and , Un arbre dans la lune
  • 2005 – , Lili Plume
  • 2006 – Bernard du Boucheron and Nicole Claveloux, Un roi, une princesse and une pieuvre
  • 2007 – Véronique Ovaldé and , La très petite Zébuline

Prix Goncourt des Lycéens[]

Main article: Prix Goncourt des Lycéens

See also[]

For a more comprehensive overview a list of literary awards is available.

Notes and references[]

Notes

  1. ^ Pseudonym of Émile Chénin
  2. ^ Awarded in 1916. See footnote.[14]
  3. ^ See footnote.[14]
  4. ^ Volume 2 of In Search of Lost Time
  5. ^ First foreigner to win Prix Goncourt.
  6. ^ Published and awarded in 1946 due to WWII.
    Non-fiction memoir.
  7. ^ Refused prize.
  8. ^ The translated editions from 1975 & 2012 are the same by Martin Sokolinsky.
  9. ^ The rules of the Prix Goncourt state that an author can win only once. Gary had already won in 1956 for Les racines du ciel. However, since La vie devant soi was published under the pseudonym Émile Ajar, the Académie Goncourt awarded the prize without knowing the author's true identity. Gary's cousin's son Paul Pavlowitch posed as the author for a time.

References

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Unwin, Timothy (1997). "Introduction". The Cambridge Companion to the French Novel: From 1800 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. xxii. ISBN 9780521499149. The 'big six' literary prizes in France have an extremely high profile and are, significantly, all awarded for novels. The best known and most prestigious is the Prix Goncourt. The other major literary prizes are the Grand Prix du Roman de l'Academie Francaise, the Prix Femina (awarded by a jury of women, though not necessarily to a female novelist), the Prix Renaudot, the Prix Interallie and the Prix Medicis.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c Burke, David (2008). Writers in Paris: Literary Lives in the City of Light. Counterpoint Press. p. 181. ISBN 9781593761578.
  3. ^ Glyn, Anthony (2000). The Companion Guide to Paris. Companion Guides. p. 98. ISBN 9781900639200.
  4. ^ Sally J. Scholz (2005). The Contradictions of Freedom: Philosophical Essays on Simone de Beauvoir's The Mandarins. SUNY Press. p. 18. ISBN 9780791465608.
  5. ^ James F English (2009). The Economy of Prestige: prizes, awards, and the circulation of cultural value. Harvard University Press. p. 61. ISBN 9780674036536.
  6. ^ Hollier, Denis (1994). A New History of French Literature. Harvard University Press. p. 967. ISBN 9780674615663.
  7. ^ James F English (2009). The Economy of Prestige: prizes, awards, and the circulation of cultural value. Harvard University Press. p. 61. ISBN 9780674036536.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b Rodic, Vesna (2008). Lyricism and Politics in Paul Valery's Poetry and Poetic Theory and in "La Nouvelle Revue Francaise", 1909–1939. ISBN 9781109096477.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Ashley, Katherine, ed. (2004). "L'Attribution du prix Goncourt à Proust en 1919". Prix Goncourt, 1902–2003: essals critiques (in French). Bern: Peter Lang. ISBN 9783039100187.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b Unwin, Timothy (1997). "The colonial and postcolonial Francophone novel". The Cambridge Companion to the French Novel: From 1800 to the Present. Cambridge University Press. p. 195. ISBN 9780521499149.
  11. ^ Ashley, Katherine, ed. (2004). Prix Goncourt, 1902–2003: essals critiques (in French). Bern: Peter Lang. p. 16. ISBN 9783039100187.
  12. ^ Lapaque, Sébastien (16 September 1999). Céline-Mazeline sur le ring. Le Figaro (in French).
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b c Ashley, Katherine, ed. (2004). "Avant propos". Prix Goncourt, 1902–2003: essals critiques (in French). Bern: Peter Lang. ISBN 9783039100187.
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b No award was given in 1914 due to the war. In 1916 two awards were given, one for 1916 (Barbusse) and one for 1914 (Bertrand).
  15. ^ Nène at IMDb
  16. ^ Raboliot at IMDb
  17. ^ Raboliot at IMDb
  18. ^ Un homme se penche sur son passé at IMDb
  19. ^ Les amants de rivière rouge at IMDb
  20. ^ L'Ordre at IMDb
  21. ^ Les grandes familles at IMDb
  22. ^ Léon Morin, prêtre at IMDb
  23. ^ Les eaux mêlées at IMDb
  24. ^ Quand la mer se retire at IMDb
  25. ^ Translated by David Dugan. The Dirty Goat, issue 18, pg. 170 Archived 14 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
  26. ^ La Nuit sacrée at IMDb
  27. ^ One Way Ticket at IMDb
  28. ^ Perfect Nanny at IMDb
  29. ^ Sources used for checking translations: OpenLibrary.org, Amazon.com, LibraryThing.com
  30. ^ Source used for checking films: imdb.com
  31. ^ Autres prix décernés par l'Académie Goncourt
  32. ^ Les Goncourt surfent, Le Figaro, 29 January 2009
  33. ^ Autres prix décernés par l'Académie Goncourt: Lauréats
  34. ^ "Le Goncourt de la biographie à Jean Lebrun pour "Notre Chanel"". lepoint.fr (in French). AFP. 3 June 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  35. ^ Eloy, Morgane (3 June 2015). "Jean-Christophe Attias, prix Goncourt de la biographie". Le Figaro (in French). Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  36. ^ Marie-Christine Imbault (4 March 2014). "Le Goncourt de la Nouvelle récompense Nicolas Cavaillès". livreshebdo.fr (in French). Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  37. ^ Auproux, Agathe (5 May 2015). "Le prix Goncourt de la nouvelle est attribué à Patrice Franceschi". livreshebdo.fr (in French). Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  38. ^ Dargent, Françoise (4 March 2013). "Frédéric Verger, Goncourt du premier roman". Le Figaro (in French). Retrieved 5 March 2014.
  39. ^ "Le Goncourt du premier roman 2015". Academie Goncourt. 5 May 2015. Retrieved 7 May 2015.
  40. ^ John Dugdale (21 May 2016). "How to turn down a prestigious literary prize – a winner's guide to etiquette". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  41. ^ "Le Goncourt du premier roman à Maryam Madjidi". Le Monde.fr.  [fr]. 3 May 2017. Retrieved 3 May 2017.
  42. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Academie Goncourt".
  43. ^ Auproux, Agathe (5 May 2015). "Le prix Goncourt de la poésie Robert Sabatier est décerné à William Cliff". (in French). Retrieved 3 July 2015.
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