Putler

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Putin-Hitler signage in London, 2014
Putin-Hitler signage in London, 2014

Putler (Russian: Путлер) is a neologism formed by merging the names of Russian president Putin and German dictator Hitler.[1][2][3] Often used in the slogan "Putler Kaput!" (German: Putler Kaputt!; Russian: Путлер Капут!) and by people opposed to Putin.[4][5] The term has a negative ideological connotation.[4]

Origin of the word[]

According to Russian linguist  [ru], the word 'Putler' was coined in Russia.[6] According to French historian Marlène Laruelle, the word coined by the Ukrainian press.[7]

Use of the word[]

The "Putler" word became common among the opposition in Russia and Ukraine.[8] The use of the German-language slogan Putler Kaputt by Russians represents a change of language as a special play position, thus creating the effect of using these words by an external observer. This characterizes the role of a foreign observer, although such a language change is aimed at being understandable for Russians.[9]

Domestic Russian protest movement[]

The slogan gained fame and legal assessment in Russia in 2009. A poster that reads "Putler kaput!" carried one of the participants of a rally organized by the Communist Party of the Russian Federation on January 31, 2009 in Vladivostok, a rally directed against new customs duties on the import of used cars. For this poster, the Vladivostok  [Wikidata] issued a warning to the regional committee of the party.[10][11] The regional committee commented on this fact by publishing on its website the following text:[4][12]

The author of this slogan had in mind a specific person engaged in the auto business by the name of Putler, who came to an end due to the increase in duties on foreign cars: due to this circumstance, his job was lost, the money for which he supported his large family disappeared. And in general, he, like thousands of other residents of the region, intends to leave the borders of Primorye, where it is simply impossible to live and work.

In April 2009, the slogan was officially banned.[13] According to the Primorsky Laboratory of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation, the slogan has "a pronounced emotional assessment of the personality or activities of Putin V.V. as a representative of state power and is offensive in nature."[12]

The slogan “Putler Kaput” was also used during protests at opposition rallies in Moscow in connection with the December 4, 2011 State Duma elections and the 2012 presidential elections.[14]

After 2014[]

2014 election poster of political party Ukrainian Platform "Sobor" in Kyiv. The caption says: "The tire was on fire and Vova Putler la-la-la".
2014 election poster of political party Ukrainian Platform "Sobor" in Kyiv. [15] The caption says: "The tire was on fire and Vova Putler la-la-la".

The popularity of this pejorative increased in 2014. It was nominated for the “Word of the Year 2014” competition[16] after the annexation of Crimea by Russia, which some politicians, publicists and journalists compared with the Anschluss of Austria in 1938, after which Nazi Germany unleashed the Second World War.[1][11][17] The Washington Post newspaper cited a number of such statements and published photographs of Ukrainian protesters holding posters with the text "Putler — hands off Ukraine" and "Putler Kaput!" and caricatured drawings connecting the recognizable facial features of Vladimir Putin and Adolf Hitler.[17] Several Russian linguists regarded this publication as deliberately shaping a negative image of Putin among readers.[1][18][a]

According to journalist Rodger Jones, the "Putler" reference was "prominent" during the protests in 2014 in front of the Russian embassy in Washington.[19]

In July 2014, after the appearance of photos from the FIFA World Cup, where Vladimir Putin and German сhancellor Angela Merkel were sitting next to each other, watching its final match, comments appeared on this photo on social networks, which read “Thank you, Mrs. Putler" (German: Danke, Frau Putler). According to The Guardian, the authors of these comments are Ukrainians who are dissatisfied with the position taken by the сhancellor regarding the Russo-Ukrainian War.[20]

The word "Putler" was frequently used in academic and journalistic works to compare insulting language used against Russian and Ukrainian people. Usually, the word is used in combination with negative verbs, such as "attack" and "shits".[21]

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ The phrase that forms the attitude towards Putin was, in particular, the saying "They call it "Putler". And yes, it looks a little creepy", in which the word "creepy" is intended to increase the reader's emotional response

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c Kabanova, Irina (2016). Zhigalev, Boris (ed.). "Интертекстуальный Статус Аллюзивных Включений в Медийном Дискурсе" [Intertextual Status of Allusion in Mass Media Discourse] (PDF). Vestnik of Nizhny Novgorod Linguistics University (in Russian). N. A. Dobrolyubova State Linguistic University of Nizhny Novgorod (33): 31–39.
  2. ^ Gorban', V (2015-07-09) [2014]. "Креативний Потенціал Антропонімів у Політичному Дискурсі (Мінливість vs Стійкість)" [Creative Potential of Anthroponyms in Political Discourse (Variability vs Stability)]. Слов'янський збірник (in Russian). Odessa University (18): 20–28.
  3. ^ Ratajczyk, Krystyna (2013). "Семантика контаминированных образований в языке российских и польских СМИ" [The semantics of contaminated structures in the language of Russian and Polish media]. Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica (in Russian). University of Łódź. 09. ISSN 2353-9623 – via The Central European Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c Steksova, Tatyana (2012). "Словотворчество как проявление политических пристрастий" [Word formation as a manifestation of political passions]. Сибирский филологический журнал (in Russian) (4): 204. ISSN 1813-7083 – via CyberLeninka.
  5. ^ Tempest, Richard (2016-07-02). "The Charismatic Body Politics of President Putin". Journal of Political Marketing. 15 (2–3): 101–119. doi:10.1080/15377857.2016.1151105. ISSN 1537-7857. S2CID 151773571.
  6. ^ Sharifullin, Boris (2016). "Ономастические Игры в Российских Информационно Психологических Войнах" [Onomastig Games in Russian Information Warfare]. Ecology of Language and Communicative Practice (in Russian). Krasnoyarsk: Siberian Federal University. 1: 4. ISSN 2311-3499 – via CyberLeninka.
  7. ^ Laruelle, Marlene (2021-03-22). "Introduction: Russia and the Symbolic Landscape of Fascism". Is Russia Fascist?. Cornell University Press. pp. 1–9. doi:10.1515/9781501754159-002. ISBN 978-1-5017-5415-9.CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  8. ^ Gaufman, Elizaveta (2018) [2017]. "The Post-Trauma of the Great Patriotic War in Russia" (PDF). Studies in Russian, Eurasian and Central European New Media (18): 36.
  9. ^ Fedorova, Ludmila (2014-04-02). "Языковой ландшафт: город и толпа" [Linguistic Landscape: City and Crowd] (in Russian). Russian State University for the Humanities. p. 78. Retrieved 2021-03-29 – via CyberLeninka.
  10. ^ "Путлер вне закона" [Putler is outlawed]. Expert (magazine) (in Russian). 2009-04-03. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b Potsar, Anna (2014-12-21). "Главные слова и фразы жителей России в 2014 году" [The main words and phrases of the inhabitants of Russia in 2014]. Delovoy Peterburg (in Russian). Retrieved 2021-03-29.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b Chernyshev, Alexey (2009-04-03). "Фамилия Путлер признана экстремистской" [Surname Putler recognized as extremist]. Kommersant (in Russian). Retrieved 2021-03-29.
  13. ^ "Vladivostok Officials Ban 'Putler Kaput' Slogan". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 2009-04-06. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
  14. ^ Mikhalkova, Elena (2012). "Дискурсивные особенности текстов плакатов на митингах оппозиции в Москве, проведенных в связи с выборами в Государственную думу РФ 4 декабря 2011 г. И выборами Президента РФ 4 марта 2012 г" [Aspects of Discourse, Found in the Texts of Posters at Meetings Held in Moscow Over the Elections to State Duma (4 December 2012) and Presidential Elections (4 March 2012)]. Политическая лингвистика. Tyumen. 2 (40): 129. ISSN 1999-2629 – via CyberLeninka.
  15. ^ ""Креативная" агитация перед выборами: Дарт Вейдер, Богиня, "пЫжиты по-новому" и "ла-ла-ла"" ["Creative" campaigning before the elections: Darth Vader, the Goddess, "new ways" and "la-la-la"]. tsn.ua (in Russian). 1+1 Media Group. 2014-05-27. Retrieved 2021-08-09.
  16. ^ Shmeleva, Elena (2015). "Интернет-коммуникация: новые тенденции в русском словообразовании" [Internet Communication: New Trends in Russian Word Formation]. Верхневолжский филологический вестник (in Russian) (2). ISSN 2499-9679 – via CyberLeninka.
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b McCoy, Terrence (2014-04-23). "Here's 'Putler:' The mash-up image of Putin and Hitler sweeping Ukraine". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
  18. ^ Morozova, Oksana (2014). "Формирование образа России в условиях политической напряженности (на материале американской прессы)" [Creating the Image of Russia in Political Tension Conditions (Based on American Press)]. Известия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия Филология. Журналистика (in Russian). Saratov State University. 14 (4): 113. ISSN 1817-7115 – via CyberLeninka.
  19. ^ Jones, Rodger (2014-03-03). "Putin is 'Putler' to parts of Eastern Europe". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
  20. ^ Tsagolova, V. (2016). Chudinov, Anatoly (ed.). Прецедентные трансформы (на материале образа А. Меркель в СМИ) [Precedent Transforms (based on the image of Angela Merkel in mass media)] (PDF). politlinguist.ru (in Russian). Yekaterinburg. p. 208. ISBN 978-5-7186-0796-3. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
  21. ^ Knoblock, Natalia; Beliaeva, Natalia (2020). "Blended names in the discussions of the Ukrainian crisis". Language of conflict : discourses of the Ukrainian crisis. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-350-09863-3. OCLC 1141994486.CS1 maint: date and year (link)
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