Russian–Ukrainian cyberwarfare

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Russian–Ukrainian cyberwarfare is a component of the confrontation between Russia and Ukraine since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. While the first attacks on information systems of private enterprises and state institutions of Ukraine were recorded during mass protests in 2013, Russian cyberweapon Uroburos had been around since 2005. Russian cyberwarfare continued with the Ukraine power grid hack at Christmas 2015 and again 2016, paralysis of the State Treasury of Ukraine in December 2016, a Mass hacker supply-chain attack in June 2017 and attacks on Ukrainian government websites in January 2022.

History[]

Russian–Ukrainian cyberwarfare is a component of the confrontation between Russia and Ukraine since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Russian cyberweapon Uroburos had been around since 2005.[1] However, the first attacks on information systems of private enterprises and state institutions of Ukraine were recorded during mass protests in 2013. In 2013, Operation Armageddon, a Russian campaign of systematic cyber espionage on the information systems of government agencies, law enforcement, and defense agencies, began, thought to help Russia on the battlefield.[2] Between 2013 and 2014, some information systems of Ukrainian government agencies were affected by a computer virus known as Snake / Uroborus / Turla.[2] In February-March 2014, as Russian troops entered Crimea communication centers were raided and Ukraine's fibre optic cables were tampered with, cutting connection between the peninsula and mainland Ukraine. Additionally Ukrainian Government websites, news and social media were shut down or targeted in DDoS attacks, while cell phones of many Ukrainian parliamentarians were hacked or jammed.[2][3] Ukrainian experts also stated the beginning of a cyberwar with Russia.[4] Cybersecurity companies began to register an increase in the number of cyberattacks on information systems in Ukraine. The victims of Russian cyberattacks were government agencies of Ukraine, the EU, the United States, defense agencies, international and regional defense and political organizations, think tanks, the media, and dissidents.[2] As of 2015, researchers had identified two groups of Russian hackers who have been active in the Russian-Ukrainian cyber war: the so-called APT29 (also known as Cozy Bear, Cozy Duke) and APT28 (also known as Sofacy Group, Tsar Team, Pawn Storm, Fancy Bear).[2]

Cyberattacks[]

Russian cyberattacks[]

  • Operation "Armageddon", 2013[2]
  • Operation "Snake", February 2014[5][6][7]
  • Attacks on the automated system "Elections", June 2014[8]
  • Ukraine power grid hack, December 2015. Attacks using the Trojan virus BlackEnergy on energy companies in Ukraine which provide energy to Kyiv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Chernivtsi regions[9][10] This was the first successful cyber attack on a power grid.[9]
  • Second Ukraine power grid hack, December 2016.[11][12]
  • Paralysis of the State Treasury of Ukraine, December 2016[13][14]
  • 2017 cyberattacks on Ukraine, Mass hacker supply-chain attack, June 2017 using Petya virus[15] According to the US Presidential Administration, this attack became the largest known hacker attack.[16]
  • Attacks on Ukrainian government websites, January 2022, one day after US-Russian negotiations on Ukraine’s future in NATO failed.[17][18]

Ukrainian cyberattacks[]

  • Operation "Prikormka (Groundbait)", May 2016[19][20]
  • Operation "May 9", 2016 (9 successful hacks of the sites of the separatist group "Donetsk People's Republic", as well as Russian sites of anti-Ukrainian propaganda and resources of Russian private military companies.)[21][22][23][24][25]
  • “Channel One” break, June 2016 (hacking of the corporate server of the Russian "Channel One" by the Ukrainian Cyber Alliance of hackers FalconsFlame, Trinity and Rukh8)[26][27]
  • The Surkov Leaks, October 2016 — a leak of 2,337 e-mails and hundreds of attachments, which reveal plans for seizing Crimea from Ukraine and fomenting separatist unrest in Donbas (documents dated between September 2013 and December 2014).[28]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Invisible Russian cyberweapon stalked US and Ukraine since 2005, new research reveals". CSO. 10 March 2014. Retrieved 2022-01-17.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Jen Weedon, FireEye (2015). "Beyond 'Cyber War': Russia's Use of Strategic Cyber Espionage and Information Operations in Ukraine". In Kenneth Geers (ed.). Cyber War in Perspective: Russian Aggression against Ukraine. Tallinn: NATO CCD COE Publications. ISBN 978-9949-9544-5-2. Archived from the original on 2016-08-16. Retrieved 2016-05-10.
  3. ^ Gertz, Bill. "Inside the Ring: Cybercom's Michael Rogers confirms Russia conducted cyberattacks against Ukraine". The Washington Times. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
  4. ^ "Russian Electronic Warfare in Ukraine: Between Real and Imaginable - Jamestown". Jamestown. Retrieved 2017-05-27.
  5. ^ Dunn, John E (7 March 2014). "Invisible Russian cyberweapon stalked US and Ukraine since 2005, new research reveals". Techworld. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  6. ^ "The Snake Campaign". BAE Systems. 2014.
  7. ^ "Uroburos. Highly complex espionage software with Russian roots" (PDF). G Data SecurityLabs. February 2014.
  8. ^ Прес-служба Держспецзв’язку (23 May 2014). "Коментар Держспецзв'язку щодо інциденту в ЦВК". Archived from the original on 1 June 2014. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
  9. ^ a b Кім Зеттер, Wired (17 March 2016). "Хакерська атака Росії на українську енергосистему: як це було". Texty.org. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  10. ^ "Міненерговугілля має намір утворити групу за участю представників усіх енергетичних компаній, що входять до сфери управління Міністерства, для вивчення можливостей щодо запобігання несанкціонованому втручанню в роботу енергомереж". Міністерство енергетики та вугільної промисловості України. 12 February 2016.
  11. ^ Kim Zetter (January 10, 2017). "The Ukrainian Power Grid Was Hacked Again". Vice Motherboard.
  12. ^ "Основной версией недавнего отключения электричества в Киеве названа кибератака хакеров". ITC.ua. 19 December 2016.
  13. ^ "Щодо роботи інформаційно-телекомунікаційної системи Казначейства". Урядовий портал. 6 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  14. ^ "Україна програє кібервійну. Хакери атакують державні фінанси". Економічна правда. 9 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  15. ^ Anton Cherepanov, ESET (30 June 2017). "TeleBots are back: Supply-chain attacks against Ukraine". We Live Security.
  16. ^ "Statement from the Press Secretary". whitehouse.gov. 2018-02-15 – via National Archives.
  17. ^ Kramer, Andrew E. (2022-01-14). "Hackers Bring Down Government Sites in Ukraine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2022-01-17.
  18. ^ Alspach, Kyle (2022-02-04). "Microsoft discloses new details on Russian hacker group Gamaredon". VentureBeat. Retrieved 2022-02-06.
  19. ^ Alexey Minakov (1 June 2016). "Антивірусна компанія ESET на службі терористів Донбасу". Інформнапалм.
  20. ^ Антон Черепанов (18 May 2016). "Operation Groundbait ("Прикормка"): Аналіз інструментарію спостереження" (PDF). ESET.
  21. ^ Censor.NET. ""Operation May 9": Ukrainian hackers deface several terrorists' propaganda sites. VIDEO+PHOTO". Censor.NET. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
  22. ^ "9 hacks on MAY 9: successful operation of Ukrainian hackers #OpMay9 (VIDEO)". InformNapalm.org (English). 2016-05-11. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
  23. ^ "Хакери знищили сайт російських пропагандистів "Anna News" і розмістили відеозвернення". InformNapalm.org. InformNapalm. 29 April 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
  24. ^ "Hackers In Ukraine Deface Separatist Websites To Mark Victory Day". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
  25. ^ "ЗС РФ використовували станцію Р-330Ж у боях за Дебальцеве. Знімки робочого терміналу". InformNapalm.org. InformNapalm. 2 May 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
  26. ^ "Злом пропагандистів РФ. Частина 1. Зенін: сприяння терористам, офшори та відпочинок у Європі". Інформнапалм. 6 June 2016.
  27. ^ "Взлом пропагандистов РФ. Часть 2: переписка о МН17". Інформнапалм. 14 June 2016.
  28. ^ Christopher Miller (November 2, 2016). "Inside The Ukrainian 'Hacktivist' Network Cyberbattling The Kremlin". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2022-01-17.

External links[]

  • Inside The Ukrainian 'Hacktivist' Network Cyberbattling The Kremlin
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