Smutsia

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African ground pangolin
Temporal range: 9.8–0 Ma Late Miocene - present[1]
Smutsia.jpg
Pangolins from genus Smutsia
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Pholidota
Family: Manidae
Subfamily: Smutsiinae
Gray, 1873
Genus: Smutsia
Gray, 1865
Type species
Smutsia gigantea
Illiger, 1815
Species
Manis ranges.png
  Smutsia gigantea
  Smutsia temminckii
Synonyms
synonyms of subfamily:
  • Smutsiana (Gray, 1873)
  • Smutsiini (Gray, 1873)

Smutsia is a genus of African pangolins, better known as the African ground pangolins, from subfamily Smutsiinae, within family Manidae. It was formerly considered a subgenus of Manis.[2] Its members are the more terrestrial of the African pangolins.[3]

Etymology[]

British naturalist John Edward Gray named Smutsia for South African naturalist (1808–1869),[4][5] the first South African to write a treatise on mammals in 1832 (in which he described the species Manis temminckii).

Taxonomy[]

Phylogeny[]

Phylogenetic position of genus Smutsia within family Manidae[7][8][1]

 Pholidotamorpha 
 

†Palaeanodonta Metacheiromys DB152-2.jpg

 
 Pholidota 
 

†Euromanis

 
 ? 

†pholidota sp. (BC 16’08)

 
 
 

†Eurotamanduidae

 
 Eupholidota 
 

†Eomanoidea

 
 Manoidea 
 

†Patriomanidae

 
 
 ? 

†Necromanis

 
 Manidae 
 

Maninae Pangolin Hardwicke (white background).jpg

 
 ? 

†

 
 Smutsiinae 
 

Phatagininae Anatomische Untersuchungen über die Edentaten (1852) Phataginus tricuspis.png

 
 Smutsiinae 
 Smutsia 
 

Smutsia gigantea Cambridge Natural History Mammalia Fig 109.jpg

 
 

†

 
 

Smutsia temminckii Manis temminckii MHNT PHOL 1.jpg

 
 
 sensu stricto 
 sensu lato 
 
 
 
 
 
 sensu stricto 
 (Pholidota sensu lato) 

References[]

  1. ^ a b Philippe Gaubert, Agostinho Antunes, Hao Meng, Lin Miao, Stéphane Peigné, Fabienne Justy, Flobert Njiokou, Sylvain Dufour, Emmanuel Danquah, Jayanthi Alahakoon, Erik Verheyen, William T Stanley, Stephen J O’Brien, Warren E Johnson, Shu-Jin Luo (2018) "The Complete Phylogeny of Pangolins: Scaling Up Resources for the Molecular Tracing of the Most Trafficked Mammals on Earth" Journal of Heredity, Volume 109, Issue 4, Pages 347–359
  2. ^ Schlitter, D.A. (2005). "Order Pholidota". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 530–531. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. ^ du Toit, Z.; du Plessis, M.; Dalton, D. L.; Jansen, R.; Paul Grobler, J.; Kotzé, A. (2017). "Mitochondrial genomes of African pangolins and insights into evolutionary patterns and phylogeny of the family Manidae". BMC Genomics. 18 (1): 746. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4140-5. PMC 5609056. PMID 28934931.
  4. ^ "S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science [Johannes Smuts]". Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  5. ^ Palmer, T.S. (1904). "Index Generum Mammalium: a List of the Genera and Families of Mammals". North American Fauna. 23: 635. doi:10.3996/nafa.23.0001.
  6. ^ Terhune, C. E.; Gaudin, T.; Curran, S.; Petculescu, A. (2021). "The youngest pangolin (Mammalia, Pholidota) from Europe". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. in press: e1990075. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.1990075.
  7. ^ Gaudin, Timothy (2009). "The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media. 16 (4): 235–305. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9. S2CID 1773698.
  8. ^ Kondrashov, Peter; Agadjanian, Alexandre K. (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of Ernanodon (Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (5): 983–1001. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86059673.
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