2021 European floods

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2021 European floods
Floods 16 July 2021, Belgium, Tilff 1.jpg
Flood and damage in  [fr], Belgium on 16 July
Date12 July 2021–ongoing
Location
  • Austria
  • Belgium
  • Czech Republic
  • Croatia
  • France
  • Germany
  • Italy
  • Luxembourg
  • Netherlands
  • Romania
  • Switzerland
  • United Kingdom
Deaths242
Missing
  • 1 in Belgium[1]
Property damage>€10 billion [5]
  • 200,000 properties left without power[6]
Areas affected, EU Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC)

Since 12 July 2021, several European countries have been affected by floods, some were catastrophic, causing deaths and widespread damage. The floods started in the United Kingdom as flash floods causing some property damage and inconvenience. Later floods affected several river basins across Europe including Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Switzerland.[7] At least 230 people have died in the floods, including 184 in Germany,[8] 42 in Belgium,[1] 2 in Romania,[2] 1 in Italy[3] and 1 in Austria.[4] July and August in 2021 saw many floods occurring at similar times, with flooding also occurring in Turkey, China, India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the United States, and New Zealand.

Belgian Minister of Home Affairs Annelies Verlinden described the events as "one of the greatest natural disasters our country has ever known." German minister-president Malu Dreyer of the Rhineland-Palatinate state called the floods "devastating". In addition to the confirmed fatalities, the flooding led to widespread power outages, forced evacuations and damage to infrastructure and agriculture in the affected areas. The damage to infrastructure was especially severe in Belgium and Germany.[9] The floods are estimated to have cost up to €2.55 billion in insured losses, with the total damage costs being much higher.[10][11] In the aftermath, scientists, activists and reporters all highlighted the connection to global trends in extreme weather, especially more frequent heavy rainfall caused by climate change.

Weather events[]

Between 12 and 15 July 2021, heavy rain fell across the United Kingdom, western Germany, and neighbouring Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg. A storm complex moved east from France into Germany and stalled over the region for two days. Precipitation was intense in the East of Belgium, with 271.5 millimetres (10.69 in) of rain over 48 hours in Jalhay and 217 millimetres (8.5 in) over 48 hours in Spa. Heavy rainfall was also seen in the south of North Rhine-Westphalia and north of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany where acrth of rain. In Reifferscheid, 207 mm (8.1 in) fell within a nine-hour period while Cologne observed 154 mm (6.1 in) in 24 hours. Some of the affected regions may not have seen rainfall of this magnitude in the last 1,000 years.[12] Floods started in Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland on 14 July 2021 after record rainfall across western Europe caused multiple rivers to burst their banks.[13]

The European Flood Awareness System (EFAS) issued alerts of life-threatening floods in advance, which, although very vague, were delivered to national authorities.[14]

In the evening of 24 July, heavy thunderstorms caused further flooding, this time in more central northern and southern areas of Belgium, and also in the south of the Netherlands.[citation needed]

Impact[]

Austria[]

On 17 July, a flash flood swept through Hallein, a town close to the German border.[15] Rescue workers in the states of Salzburg and Tyrol were placed on high alert for flooding, and Chancellor Sebastian Kurz tweeted "heavy rains and storms are unfortunately causing severe damage in several places in Austria."[16] A man died in Saalbach-Hinterglemm during the floods.[4]

Belgium[]

Flood damage in Pepinster, Belgium on 17 July

On 15 July, all residents of the city of Liège with a population of approximately 200,000 were urged to evacuate amidst fears that the Meuse river was on the verge of bursting its banks and that a dam bridge could collapse.[17][13][18] No vehicles were allowed into the city centre of Liège; traffic was only allowed to leave as part of the evacuation.[19] By 16 July, several smaller municipalities in Limburg Province were also given the order to evacuate.[20] In addition, due to the heavy flooding and because tens of home fuel tanks had broken loose and started leaking into rivers. A number of municipalities in Liège and Namur provinces were left without potable tap water.[21] Around 41,000 households were left without electricity in Wallonia.[22] Foundations of buildings near rivers became eroded and buildings collapsed. In the town of Pepinster on the banks of the river Vesder, at least 20 houses collapsed and 23 of the 31 casualties as of 18 July were found here. The town of Verviers was also badly affected[23] and has more than 10,000 of its residents having to be moved because of homes having become uninhabitable. Widespread looting has also been a problem.

Precipitation was most intense in the east of Belgium, with 271.5 millimetres (10.69 in) of rain over 48 hours in the municipality of Jalhay, in the province of Liège -- an absolute record for Belgium, almost three times the average rainfall over one month in this location for July. In the town of Spa, also in Liège, 217 millimetres (8.5 in) of rain fell over 48 hours.[24] Large parts of the province of Luxembourg saw between 150 mm and 200 mm over 48 hours. In Flanders, the maximum rainfall was 77 millimetres (3.0 in) over 48 hours at Ransberg. In Dilsen-Stokkem, Limburg, the river Maas (Meuse) reached a flux of 3300 m3/s on 16 July, equalling the maximum flow that the local dykes are designed to withstand.[citation needed]

An empty passenger train derailed at Grupont when the track bed was washed out by floodwater, with debris strewn across the track.[25] The Charleroi–Namur–Liège line, and all railway lines in Belgium south west of that line, were closed.[26] The overall damage to the rail network was estimated to take several weeks to repair.[27] Early estimates also pointed to severe damage to the agricultural sector of the country, including long-term effects like soil erosion. During the flooding itself, farms and livestock had to be evacuated and many fields were damaged and crops destroyed by inundation.[28] The Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps suffered damage to access roads and its digital safety infrastructure.[29] The circuit is due to hold the 2021 Belgian Grand Prix on 29 August.[30]

Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo declared 20 July a national day of mourning.[31]

In the evening of 24th July, southern and central parts of Belgium were hit again by severe flashfloods as a result of intense but shorter thunderstorms. Particularly the city of Dinant and its surroundings in the province of Namur were badly hit, where tens of floating cars resulted in a pile-up and in damage to railroads.[32][33]

Croatia[]

The Slavonia region has been affected by floods. Communities such as Našice, Županja, Nova Gradiška, and Osijek were flooded and heavy rain caused serious damage, especially for farmers.[34][35][36][37] No deaths were reported.

Czech Republic[]

Heavy rainfall led to flooding especially in North Bohemia, and several communities near Česká Lípa had to be evacuated. The country promised emergency aid to those affected by the floods of up to 57,900 koruna (2270 euro).[38]

France[]

The Grand-Est region has been affected by floods; the Hauts-de-France and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté regions have also been affected by local floods. Communities such as Bar-le-Duc and Arbois were flooded and residents were invited to stay at home.[clarification needed] Between the Saône-et-Loire department and the Jura department, the Seille river and the Brenne river have reached the stage of fifty-year flood.

According to Météo-France, between Monday 12 July, 8:00 and Friday 16 July, 12:00, 199 millimetres (7.8 in) of rain fell in Châtel-de-Joux (Jura), 160mm in Plainfaing (Vosges), 159 millimetres (6.3 in) in le Fied (Jura) and 158 millimetres (6.2 in) in Villiers-la-Chèvre (Meurthe-et-Moselle).[39]

No deaths were reported at this time.

Measured water level for the Moselle River in Trier and Cochem

Germany[]

Flood damage in Hagen, NRW, Germany
Flooding in Kordel, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Flooding in Altenahr, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany

With at least 184 deaths,[8] the floods are the deadliest natural disaster in Germany since the North Sea flood of 1962.[40][41][42] 1,300 people had been initially reported as missing on July 16,[43] but mostly due to mobile networks being down in some regions which made it difficult to call people.[44] It was considered unlikely that the number of deaths would rise that high,[45] and while on 19 July the exact number of missing persons remained unclear, search was ongoing for at least 150 people.[46] Some 15,000 police, soldiers and emergency service workers have been deployed in Germany to help with the search and rescue.[47]

During the floods, 135 people died in Rhineland-Palatinate (all of whom were in the district of Ahrweiler),[8] 47 in North Rhine-Westphalia (twenty-seven of whom in Euskirchen),[8] and two in Bavaria.[8] Four firefighters are among the dead.[48][49] Westnetz, Germany's biggest power distribution grid, stated on 15 July that 200,000 properties in the North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate regions were without power,[50] and that it would be impossible to repair substations until roads were cleared.[51] On 16 July, around 102,000 people were still without power.[52] The German Weather Service reported that the quantity of rain in some areas of Germany was the highest in over 100 years, possibly higher than any seen in the last 1,000 years.[53][12] They reported that some areas had received a month's average rainfall in one day.[53]

Some of the worst damage from the flood was in the district of Ahrweiler, Rhineland-Palatinate, where the river Ahr rose, destroying many buildings and causing at least 110 deaths.[54] The topography of Ahr valley in western Germany, with some sections resembling gorges, may have exacerbated the effects of the heavy rainfall.[55] The flooding here was the worst since 1910 when up to 200 people were killed in flash flooding. On 14 July, the city of Hagen declared a state of emergency, after the Volme river started overflowing its banks.[51] The village of Kordel in Trier-Saarburg, which has around 2,000 residents, has been completely cut off.[50] Several rivers reached their highest water level to date, including the Kyll, which rose from an average level of 1 metre (3.3 ft) to 7.85 metres (25.8 ft).[56]

On 15 July, Thalys train services to Germany were suspended,[57] and Deutsche Bahn stated that many rail services in North Rhine-Westphalia were also cancelled.[58] Deutsche Bahn reported that over 600 kilometres (370 mi) of track was affected in North Rhine-Westphalia. The Cologne–Wuppertal–Hagen–Dortmund and Cologne–Bonn (Main Central Station)–Koblenz lines were closed. The Cologne–Bonn Beuel–Koblenz line remained open, but trains were subject to delay and cancellation.[26] Customers were asked to avoid travel within and to North Rhine-Westphalia by train.[59] The train connection from Dresden to Prague was also suspended after mudslides buried the tracks.[60] Along the Ahr Valley Railway, at least seven railway bridges have been destroyed.[61]

In Blessem, floodwaters of the Erft river inundated a quarry on 16 July, leading to a major landslide with several people possibly dead.[62][63] Several buildings collapsed including parts of  [de].[64] Around 40 meters of the nearby Bundesautobahn 1 broke away and fell into the Erft, but no cars were on the highway since it was closed.[63] Experts voiced concerns on 15 July that the Steinbachtal Dam was unstable and could burst, and 4,500 people were preemptively evacuated from parts of Euskirchen,[65] and later several thousand more from parts of Rheinbach and Swisttal.[66] Drones were deployed to inspect the dam; while no cracks were found, local politicians said the situation as of 16 July remained "critical".[67] Several other dams in North Rhine-Westphalia, such as the Rur Dam, were also overflowing, but there were no concerns about their structural integrity.[67] Regardless, on 16 July a dam of the Rur burst near Wassenberg, prompting the evacuation of  [de].[68][69] Around 360 inmates had to be evacuated from a prison near Euskirchen due to a failing supply of water and electricity.[70] In Eschweiler, all of the more than 300 patients of the  [de] had to be evacuated.[71] On 14 July, in Hagen, a veteran soldier rescued a 13-year-old girl who required mechanical ventilation as well as two elderly people using a MAN KAT1 which was usually exhibited in a local museum, after regular rescue vehicles were unable to get there in time.[72]

Strong rainfall also led to flooding in the states of Baden-Württemberg and Saxony. As of 15 July, one person in Saxony remains missing.[73]

Further strong rainfall on 17 July caused flooding in Saxony and Bavaria e.g. Berchtesgadener Ache, where at least one person died.[74][75] The flooding damaged the Königssee bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track where it washed away part of the track that will take until October 2022 to rebuild.[76]

Italy[]

On 14 July 2021, the storms also reached Northeastern Italy and caused damage to agricultural crops. In Trentino-Alto Adige, a fallen tree damaged a cable car and several roads were damaged, and in Veneto one person died.[77]

Luxembourg[]

Flooded street in Clausen in Luxembourg City

In Luxembourg, hundreds of people were evacuated from their homes in Echternach and Rosport.[78] Many homes in Mersch, Beringen and Rollingen lost electricity.[79] The camping ground in Rosport had to be evacuated as a matter of urgency early on Thursday morning. Six people were brought to an emergency shelter in Osweiler cultural centre. Rosport sports centre was also used as emergency accommodation for people made to leave their homes. Mayor Romain Osweiler of Rosport explained the two buildings had been selected because they were accessible to people across the municipality.[80]

Netherlands[]

Flood of the Geul in the centre of Valkenburg aan de Geul, Netherlands

In the Netherlands, the River Maas in Limburg reached its highest summertime level in over 100 years, according to authorities, and was expected as of 15 July to surpass the winter records set in 1993 and 1995.[81] On 14 July, the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute gave a code red highest warning for Limburg. It was lowered to a yellow warning at around 03:50 local time on 15 July. Much of the rest of the Netherlands had a yellow warning for rain on 15 July.[82] Over 400 houses in Limburg lost power according to electricity company Enexis.[82] As of 16 July 2021, mass evacuations started in Limburg and 300 military personnel were deployed.[83]

On 16 July, a dyke on the Juliana Canal broke, leading to the evacuation of several villages in Limburg. The Dutch government declared the flooding to be an official disaster. More than 10,000 people were evacuated in Venlo and the neighbouring communities Belfeld, Steyl and Arcen on the same evening.[84][85] The  [nl] in Venlo was also evacuated as a precaution against flooding from the Maas. A total of 240 patients were transferred to other hospitals in the region. It reopened on 21 July.[86][87] Rainfall was in excess of 100 millimetres (3.9 in) in a day and 200 millimetres (7.9 in) over three days, said to be a once-in-a-millennium event.[86] The state of emergency in Limburg was lifted on 21 July. The Dutch Army was drafted in to assist in the cleanup and with repairing damage.[87]

After the floodwaters had receded in Valkenburg aan de Geul, damage was assessed at €400 million, half of which was physical damage and half being business losses. 2,300 families were affected in the town, 700 homes were rendered uninhabitable. As of 21 July, the town was still subject to an evacuation order.[88]

Heavy rain in the early hours of 25 July caused flooding in the north west of Friesland. In De Westereen, 104.7 millimetres (4.12 in) of rain fell. A nursing home was flooded and evacuated.[89]

Romania[]

In Alba County, rains and storms destroyed three houses and severely damaged another 20 in Ocoliș. More than 220 liters of precipitation per square meter fell in this area in five hours.[90] A hailstorm also affected Cluj-Napoca on the night of 19 July. The Heroes' Avenue was completely flooded, cars were damaged by falling trees, some neighborhoods were left without electricity and two people were injured by flying debris.[91][92] Two people were killed by floods in Satu Mare and Iași.[2] Between 15 and 20 July, heavy rains caused flooding in 80 localities in 20 counties.[2]

Switzerland[]

Video of a swollen river (Aare) in Thun, Switzerland, on 13 July 2021
Flooded basketball court in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland

On 15 July, Switzerland's weather service warned that flooding in the country would worsen over the next few days, potentially equalling the levels of the 2005 "flood of the century" and that there was a particularly high risk of flooding on Lake Biel, Lake Thun and Lake Lucerne, as well as a risk of landslides.[17][93] That day, the water level in Lake Lucerne reached the highest warning level.[94] While water levels on most lakes were receding by 20 July, Lake Neuchâtel still remained on the highest level since 1954.[95] Several rail services were temporarily suspended, and a ban on large watercraft like container ships on the Rhine was affecting the country's access to some goods like petroleum products due to the high reliance on the  [de].[95]

On 24 July, unusually heavy thunderstorms resulted in almost 25,000 registered lightning strikes between noon and 22h00, according to SRF Meteo. In Appenzell Innerrhoden, 33.2 mm rain fell in just 10 minutes, which is exceptionally heavy according to SRF Meteo.[citation needed]

United Kingdom[]

The cut-off low that caused the severe flooding across western Europe first moved over the United Kingdom on 12 July, resulting in more than the average monthly rainfall total to be recorded in a 24-hour period across parts of the country.[96] Particularly severe flash flooding was reported in the London area, where 47.8 mm (1.88 in) of rainfall was recorded on 12 July at Kew, marking the third-wettest day on record for that weather station and the wettest since 6 July 1983. Both Putney in London and Chipstead in Surrey recorded more than 31 mm (1.2 in) of rainfall in a one-hour period, while other areas of London recorded over 76.2 mm (3.00 in) of rain in 90 minutes.[97] The London Fire Brigade received more than 1,000 calls relating to flooding incidents, as houses were evacuated and cars were submerged by quickly rising floodwaters.[96]

Heavy rainfall caused sewer systems to overflow, unable to handle the sudden intensity of the rainfall, resulting in streets and buildings being flooded by raw sewage. Thames Water received more than 2,500 calls relating to overflowing sewage, stating that the rainfall had surpassed the design capability of their sewage system; the heaviest rainfall occurred close to high tide, resulting in sewers that empty into the River Thames being unable to do so.[96] In Notting Hill, floodwaters rose by 1.5 ft (0.46 m) in less than five minutes.[97]

Sloane Square tube station was closed after floodwater from street level surged down stairways into the underground station; Chalk Farm, Hampstead and Wimbledon stations were also closed due to flooding.[96] There was also a reduced level of service at Euston railway station, the London terminus of the West Coast Main Line and across the London Overground and Thameslink networks.[96]

Overnight into 13 July, more than 120 residents of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea were placed into emergency accommodation due to severe flooding in the borough.[98] Elsewhere in England, flooding was reported in the city of Southampton, blocking roads and railway lines.[98] By 14 July, the low pressure system responsible for the United Kingdom floods had moved over mainland Europe.[citation needed]

On 25 July, London was again hit by thunderstorms and flash floods. Areas affected included Camberwell, Clapham, Hackney Wick, Woodford, and Nine Elms.[99]

Response[]

EU satellite imagery, 15 July 2021, showing flooded areas marked in red on the rivers Meuse (Belgium and Netherlands), Rhine (Germany) and Ruhr (Germany). Flooded areas extend beyond the field of this image.

German Chancellor Angela Merkel said she was "shocked by the catastrophe that so many people in the flood areas have to endure" and that her "sympathy goes out to the families of the dead and missing."[100] Malu Dreyer, the minister-president of the Rhineland-Palatinate state, told the regional parliament: "There are people dead, there are people missing, there are many who are still in danger. We have never seen such a disaster. It's really devastating."[101][102] On 16 July, the German Ministry of Defence declared a state of emergency in the parts of the country that were most affected.[103][44] German Finance Minister Olaf Scholz on 17 July announced plans for a federal emergency aid of 300 million Euro.[70]

The Belgian Minister of Home Affairs Annelies Verlinden described the events as "one of the greatest natural disasters our country has ever known" at a press conference on 19 July.[104] On 15 July, the Belgian royal couple King Philippe and Queen Mathilde traveled to Chaudfontaine, which had been particularly badly hit by the flooding.[105]

The President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen,[106] the EU Council President Charles Michel and the European Commissioner for Crisis Management Janez Lenarčič all quickly provided statements of condolence for the victims and that the European Union was ready to help.[107] After a Belgian request, the European Union Civil Protection Mechanism was activated on 14 July, and a helicopter and a flood rescue team was sent from France to Belgium immediately after this. The EU also provided satellite imagery and mapping of affected areas.[108][109][110][111][112][113][114]

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson also said the UK was ready to provide assistance while Italy and Austria offered to send flood rescue teams to affected areas in Belgium.[115][101] Pope Francis sent condolences, and was praying for those injured and missing, as well as those who had lost their livelihoods.[106]

The Italian firefighters sent to Belgium to rescue the victims of the flood that hit Central Europe rescued at least 40 people in  [fr], an area south of Liège. Firefighters evacuated people who were stranded in their homes and in a nursing home.[116]

Connection to global climate change[]

See also: Climate change § Impacts, Extreme weather § Attribution to climate change, and Climate change in Europe
An image of the Meuse and Roer rivers on 16 June (left) and on 18 July (right) as captured by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 shows flooding along the rivers.[117]

The floods followed unprecedented heat waves in the Pacific Northwest and Northern Europe, prompting scientists to evaluate a possible connection to climate change.[100][118][119][120] Prior to the floods, scientists had warned that extreme weather events would become more common as a consequence of climate change.[120][121] Examples of such extreme events would include heavy rainfall; an increase in the atmosphere's temperature allows it to absorb more water vapour, resulting in more precipitation.[55][122][123] Climate change might also have resulted in the jet stream becoming more erratic, which could lead to more frequent extreme weather phenomena.[118][124][123] Further research and analysis are needed to understand the extent of climate change's role in the floods.[120][55]

Antonio Navarra, climatologist at the University of Bologna and president of the Euro-Mediterranean Center foundation on Climate Change said that there is a clear correlation between the increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and the frequency and intensity of floods, heat waves and drought periods.[125][126] Carl-Friedrich Schleussner of Humboldt-Universität Berlin said the question was not whether climate change had contributed to the event, but rather "how much".[124] Dieter Gerten, a researcher from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, characterised the magnitude of the floods and other extreme weather events as exceeding predictions from current climate change models, noting that the abrupt increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather may indicate that a tipping point has been crossed.[127] Michael E. Mann from Penn State University, Hayley Fowler of Newcastle University and Kai Kornhuber of Columbia University pointed to a slowing in the jet stream as a possible explanation.[120] Stefan Rahmstorf of the University of Potsdam warned that further losses of Arctic ice would likely result in a weaker jet stream and more extreme weather, saying "we should not play with this sensitive climate system".[128]

In the aftermath of the flooding, a spokesperson of the World Meteorological Organization called for more action against climate change.[129]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Een van de twee laatste vermiste personen na overstromingen in ons land teruggevonden". HLN (in Dutch). Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c d O., N. (20 July 2021). "Bilanțul inundațiilor din România. Bode: Două persoane au murit, iar alte 81 au fost evacuate / Au fost afectate 80 de localități din 20 de județe". HotNews.ro.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b "Maltempo al Nord, danni e una vittima in Veneto. Albero cade su una funivia". Rainews. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Hochwasser in Österreich verlagert sich nach Tirol". Bayerischer Rundfunk (in German). 18 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  5. ^ "Recent floods caused nearly $12 billion damage in Belgium". Business Insurance. 23 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
  6. ^ "Germany and Belgium floods: At least 33 dead and more than 70 missing after heavy rain". Sky News. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  7. ^ "More flooding for Europe". BBC Weather. BBC. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Cite error: The named reference welt-deaths-23-7 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Benoit, Bertrand; Pancevski, Bojan (16 July 2021). "Germany Flooding Explained: What to Know About the Devastating Downpour". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  10. ^ Luke Gallins (20 July 2021). "Berenberg says European floods to cost reinsurers up to €3bn". Reinsurance News. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  11. ^ Carolyn Cohn; Tom Sims (19 July 2021). "Berenberg sees $2-3 bln reinsurance losses from European floods, overall losses higher". Reuters. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b "German Floods Raise the Bar on Extreme Weather Events". The New York Times. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b "Germany floods: At least 42 died and dozens were missing after record rain". BBC News. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  14. ^ Mathiesen, Karl; Cokelaere, Hanne (17 July 2021). "'How many dead will we accept?' European floods expose failure to heed climate warnings". Politico.
  15. ^ Moulson, Geir (17 July 2021). "Europe flood death toll tops 160, costly rebuilding ahead". Associated Press. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  16. ^ "Merkel to visit flood zone as western Europe death toll tops 180". France 24. 18 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021 – via Agence France-Presse.
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b Eddy, Melissa (15 July 2021). "Floods in Germany and Other Parts of Western Europe Leave at Least 40 Dead". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  18. ^ "'Leave if you can': Mayor of Liège seeks to evacuate city". The Brussels Times. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  19. ^ "Une partie de la ville de Liège en cours d'évacuation après les inondations". www.20minutes.fr (in French). Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  20. ^ Walker, Lauren (16 July 2021). "Damage severe weather: At least 14 dead, four missing and thousands without electricity". The Brussels Times. Brussels. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  21. ^ "Severe rainfall: Tap water in some Walloon municipalities now undrinkable". The Brussels Times. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  22. ^ "Inondations en Wallonie: au moins 23 morts, plus de 41.000 ménages sans électricité (direct)" [Flood in Wallonia: at least 23 dead, more than 41,000 households without electricity]. Le Soir (in French). Brussels. 16 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  23. ^ "Europe floods". 17 July 2021.
  24. ^ "Record de précipitations dans la province avec plus de 271 mm relevés à Jalhay en 48h". lavenir.net/.
  25. ^ "Railways flooded in Western Europe". Raitech. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  26. ^ Jump up to: a b Burroughs, David (16 July 2021). "German and Belgian networks disrupted by devastating flood". International Railway Journal. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  27. ^ "Flooding latest: 14 dead, four missing and thousands without electricity". The Bulletin. Brussels. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  28. ^ Hope, Alan (16 July 2021). "Heavy rainfall and flash floods: another catastrophe for farmers?". The Brussels Times. Brussels. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  29. ^ "Formule 1-circuit Spa ook getroffen door overstromingen: 'Weg ingestort en tunnels ontoegankelijk'" [Formula 1 circuit Spa also affected by flooding: 'Road collapsed and tunnels inaccessible'] (in Dutch). De Telegraaf. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  30. ^ "Formula 1 announces provisional 23-race calendar for 2021". Formula1. 10 November 2020. Archived from the original on 10 November 2020. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  31. ^ "Europe floods: At least 120 dead and hundreds unaccounted for". BBC News. 16 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  32. ^ "Hallucinante beelden tonen hoe auto's worden meegesleurd door stroming in Dinant". HLN. 24 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
  33. ^ "Belgium devastated by flooding for second time in just over a week". Sky News. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  34. ^ "Heavy rains cause more flooding in Croatia's east". glashrvatske.hrt.hr. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  35. ^ "Nakon Našica, na red došla i Županja: Ulice su pod vodom kao u Veneciji". tportal.hr. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  36. ^ "Nevrijeme u Hrvatskoj. U Novoj Gradiški poplave, u Belom Manastiru spašeni ljudi iz automobila". telegram.hr. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  37. ^ "Slavonija se bori s poplavama: Obilna kiša poplavila ulice, voda prodrla u kuće". hr.n1info.com. 20 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  38. ^ "Nach Überschwemmungen in Nordböhmen leistet Staat finanzielle Soforthilfe". Radio Prague International (in German). 19 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  39. ^ "Inondations catastrophiques en Allemagne et Belgique | Météo-France". meteofrance.com. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  40. ^ Schmid, Mirko (15 July 2021). "Tief "Bernd": Deutschlands schlimmste Katastrophe der letzten 60 Jahre". Frankfurter Rundschau (in German). Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  41. ^ "Zahl der Toten nach Unwetter steigt auf über 100". Oldenburger Onlinezeitung (in German). 16 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  42. ^ Weiermann, Sebastian (16 July 2021). "Eine der schlimmsten Naturkatastrophen seit Jahrzehnten". Neues Deutschland (in German). Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  43. ^ "Floods in Germany claim 81 victims, more than 1,000 missing". Reuters. 16 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  44. ^ Jump up to: a b "Unwetter: Mindestens 105 Tote – Hochwasser in NRW noch nie so verheerend". Die Welt (in German). 16 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  45. ^ "Warum so viele Menschen in den Flutgebieten als vermisst gelten". Der Spiegel (in German). 16 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  46. ^ "Unwetter in NRW und Rheinland-Pfalz: Warnung vor Schadstoffen im Wasser – Vermissten-Zahl unklar". Frankfurter Rundschau (in German). 19 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  47. ^ "Europe floods: At least 120 dead and hundreds unaccounted for". BBC News. 16 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  48. ^ "Hochwasser-Ticker". Bayerischer Rundfunk (in German). 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  49. ^ "Unwetter in Deutschland". Der Spiegel (in German). 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  50. ^ Jump up to: a b "Mehrere Tote und etwa 70 Vermisste bei Unwettern". Die Zeit (in German). 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  51. ^ Jump up to: a b "Germany and Belgium floods: At least 44 dead and more than 70 missing after heavy rain". Sky News. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  52. ^ "Hochwasser & Unwetter aktuell: Weiter über 100.000 Menschen ohne Strom". Die Welt (in German). 16 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  53. ^ Jump up to: a b "At least 93 dead and more than 1,000 missing as flooding rages across Europe". The Washington Post. 16 July 2021. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  54. ^ "Zahl der Toten steigt auf 143 – mindestens vier Feuerwehrleute unter den Opfern". www.tagesspiegel.de (in German). Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  55. ^ Jump up to: a b c Titz, Sven (17 July 2021). "Die Unwetter in Deutschland: Ein Zusammenspiel von Wetterlage, Klimawandel und geografischen Eigenschaften der Region". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German). Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  56. ^ Seydewitz, Rolf (15 July 2021). "Traurige Rekorde: Flusspegel von Prüm, Nims und Sauer brechen reihenweise alte Rekorde". Trierischer Volksfreund (in German). Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  57. ^ "Germany flooding map: The areas hit by devastating floods as Hagen declares state of emergency". i. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  58. ^ "Dozens dead and missing as storms swamp western Germany". CBS News. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  59. ^ "Schwere Unwetter in NRW und Rheinland-Pfalz fordern mindestens sieben Todesopfer". BR24 (in German). Bayerischer Rundfunk. 15 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  60. ^ "Regenmassen sorgen für Überflutungen in Sachsen". MDR (in German). 18 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  61. ^ "Orte an der Mittelahr: Von der Außenwelt abgeschnitten". Rhein-Zeitung (in German). 16 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  62. ^ "Blessem am Abgrund. Kiesgrube bricht immer weiter ein, bedroht den Ortsteil von Erftstadt bei Köln ++ BILD im Katastrophengebiet" [Blessem on the precipice. The gravel pit continues to collapse, threatening the district of Erftstadt near Cologne ++ BILD in the disaster area] (in German). Bild. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  63. ^ Jump up to: a b "Unwetter-Katastrophe geht weiter: Erdrutsch in Erftstadt". Süddeutsche.de (in German). dpa. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  64. ^ "Mehr als 90 Tote im Großraum Ahrweiler – 618 Verletzte" (in German). t-online. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  65. ^ "Steinbachtalsperre in NRW "sehr instabil" – Orte werden evakuiert". Die Welt (in German). 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  66. ^ "Steinbachtalsperre Euskirchen aktueller Stand: Nach Dammbruch-Gefahr scheint sich Lage an Talsperre zu entspannen – nicht aber in ganz NRW". Südwest Presse (in German). 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  67. ^ Jump up to: a b "Steinbachtalsperre: Keine Risse Entdeckt - Lage kritisch". Berliner Morgenpost (in German). 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  68. ^ "Unwetter in Deutschland: Rur-Damm in Ophoven gebrochen". Der Spiegel (in German). Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  69. ^ "Unwetter-Live-Ticker: Lage an der Steinbachtalsperre entspannt sich leicht". WDR (in German). 17 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  70. ^ Jump up to: a b "Unwetter in Deutschland: Hunderte Polizisten im Einsatz gegen Plünderer und Gaffer". Der Spiegel (in German). 18 July 2021. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  71. ^ "Hochwasser: Mehr als 150 Einsatzkräfte aus dem Kreis Coesfeld helfen in Eschweiler: 'Ganz schlimm, was wir erlebt haben'".  [de] (in German). 16 July 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  72. ^ Lorencic, Sarah (21 July 2021). "Ex-Soldat rettet schwerkrankes Kind aus den Fluten: Der Held mit dem Bundeswehr-Lkw". come-on.de (in German).  [de]. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  73. ^ "Vermissten-Drama nach heftigem Unwetter: Person wird von Sturzflut mitgerissen - Überlebenschancen gering". Frankfurter Rundschau (in German). 15 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  74. ^ Zeitung, Süddeutsche. "Bayern: Starkregen in Berchtesgaden: Häuser evakuiert". Süddeutsche.de (in German). Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  75. ^ "Regenmassen überfluten Orte in Ostsachsen". www.saechsische.de (in German). Retrieved 18 July 2021.
  76. ^ "Königssee Luge track destroyed by storm". International Luge Federation. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  77. ^ "Maltempo al Nord, danni e una vittima in Veneto. Albero cade su una funivia". rainews.it. rainews.it. 14 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  78. ^ Reda-Jakima, Zuzanna; Pritchard, Heledd (15 July 2021). "Floods to last as thousands forced out of homes". Luxembourg Times. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  79. ^ "Bettel und Bofferding treten vor die Presse". L'essentiel (in German). 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  80. ^ "Luxembourg floods: Evacuated residents and tourists offered shelter across Grand Duchy". today.rtl.lu.
  81. ^ "Maas river keeps rising, death toll increases in Germany, Belgium". DutchNews.nl. 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  82. ^ Jump up to: a b "Heavy rains leave Limburg flooded; Some showers expected today". Algemeen Nederlands Persbureau. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  83. ^ Militaire steunverlening breidt zich verder uit over Limburg Archived 16 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Dutch Ministry of Defence
  84. ^ "Notstand ausgerufen: Tausende Menschen in den Niederlanden fliehen vor Hochwasser". FAZ.NET (in German). 16 July 2021.
  85. ^ Hubers, Arthur (16 July 2021). "Venlo begint evacuatie laaggelegen delen". 1Limburg | Nieuws en sport uit Limburg (in Dutch).
  86. ^ Jump up to: a b "Sirens warn as dyke is breached in Limburg, flooding widespread". Dutch News. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  87. ^ Jump up to: a b "Limburg lifts state of emergency; Tourists welcome". NL Times. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  88. ^ "Flood damage in Valkenburg estimated at €400 million; 700 families displaced". NL Times. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  89. ^ "Floods caused "a lot of damage in northeast Friesland" with more rain expected". NL Times. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  90. ^ Păvălucă, Luana, ed. (16 July 2021). "Inundații ca după un uragan în Ocoliș, județul Alba. Localnic: "Nu știu unde-mi sunt mașinile, le-a dus viitura pe Arieș în jos"". Digi 24.
  91. ^ Sandu, Anne-Marie (19 July 2021). "Inundații în Cluj-Napoca, după o furtună de 30 de minute. Mașini sub apă, copaci căzuți, cabluri de electricitate rupte". Adevărul.
  92. ^ Neacșu, Bobi (19 July 2021). "Străzi inundate, copaci rupți și zeci de apeluri la 112 în Cluj-Napoca, după o furtună violentă". Libertatea.
  93. ^ Keystone-SDA/ts. "Central Switzerland braces itself for another 'flood of the century'". SWI swissinfo.ch. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  94. ^ "Central Switzerland braces itself for another 'flood of the century'". Swiss Info. 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  95. ^ Jump up to: a b "Unwetter in der Schweiz: Vierwaldstättersee-Schiffe fahren ab Freitag wieder, heftige Gewitter für das Wochenende prognostiziert". Neue Züricher Zeitung. 20 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  96. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Flash floods: Parts of London receive a month of rain in one day". BBC News. 13 July 2021. Archived from the original on 14 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  97. ^ Jump up to: a b Hill, Amelia (13 July 2021). "London floods: 'We had water gushing at us from all angles'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  98. ^ Jump up to: a b Kwai, Isabella. "Fierce Storm Inundates London, Causing Flash Flooding". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 14 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  99. ^ O'Connell, Oliver. "London weather - live: Flash floods hit city as Met Office issues thunder and rain warnings". The Independent. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
  100. ^ Jump up to: a b Binnie, Isla; Abnett, Kate (17 July 2021). "As floods hit western Europe, scientists say climate change hikes heavy rain". Reuters. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  101. ^ Jump up to: a b "More than 40 dead after floods in Germany and Belgium". euronews. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  102. ^ "More than 20 dead, dozens missing in heavy Europe floods". CBC. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  103. ^ "Hochwasser: Über 100 Tote - Deutschland löst militärischen Katastrophenalarm aus". Münchner Merkur (in German). 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  104. ^ Chini, Maïthé (19 July 2021). "'This is one of the greatest natural disasters Belgium has ever known,' says Verlinden". The Brussels Times. Brussels. Retrieved 19 July 2021.
  105. ^ "Inondations: le Roi s'est rendu à Chaudfontaine (photos)" [Floods: the King travels to Chaudfontaine (photos)]. Le Soir (in French). Brussels. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  106. ^ Jump up to: a b "More than 30 dead, dozens missing in heavy Europe floods". Associated Press. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  107. ^ "Dozens killed in flooding across western Europe". www.kten.com. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
  108. ^ "EU supporting Belgium with flood response". European Commission. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  109. ^ Cai, Weiyi; Johnston, Taylor; Lutz, Eleanor; Wallace, Tim (17 July 2021). "The Extent of Flooding in the Hardest-Hit Areas of Europe". The New York Times.
  110. ^ Damage in the Ahrweiler district
  111. ^ SkySat captured this imagery of a severely affected area, Schuld, Germany, on July 18, 2021
  112. ^ images of Venlo and Den Bosch in the Netherlands
  113. ^ Maxar images of germany
  114. ^ iceeye image
  115. ^ Johnson, Boris [@BorisJohnson] (15 July 2021). "Shocking to see the devastating flooding across Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Belgium. My thoughts are with the families of the victims and all those affected. The UK is ready to provide any support needed in the rescue and recovery effort" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 15 July 2021. Retrieved 19 July 2021 – via Twitter.
  116. ^ "Soccorso ai Paesi europei colpiti dall'alluvione, operativo in Belgio il team italiano". interno.gov.it. Ministero dell'Interno italiano. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  117. ^ "Deadly Floods Surprise Europe". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 19 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  118. ^ Jump up to: a b Watts, Jonathan (16 July 2021). "What is causing the floods in Europe?". The Guardian. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  119. ^ Talbot, Hope (15 July 2021). "Is the severe flooding in Germany and Belgium down to climate change?". euronews. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  120. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Fountain, Henry; Schwartz, John (16 July 2021). "'It Is All Connected': Extreme Weather in the Age of Climate Change". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  121. ^ Chazan, Guy (16 July 2021). "Climate change blamed for devastating German floods". Financial Times. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  122. ^ Austin, Henry (16 July 2021). "Two major factors may explain why European flooding turned so deadly so fast". NBC News. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  123. ^ Jump up to: a b "Hochwasser: Welchen Einfluss hat der Klimawandel auf die Fluten?". Handelsblatt (in German). 16 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  124. ^ Jump up to: a b Bleiker, Carla (16 July 2021). "Hochwasser: Diese Rolle spielen Jetstream und Mondumlaufbahn | DW | 16 July 2021". Deutsche Welle (in German). Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  125. ^ "Alluvioni in Germania, Antonio Navarra: "Eventi più estremi per il riscaldamento globale"" (in Italian). ilsecoloxix.it. ilsecoloxix.it. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  126. ^ "Alluvioni in Germania, Antonio Navarra: "Eventi più estremi per il riscaldamento globale"" (in Italian). repubblica.it. repubblica.it. 14 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
  127. ^ "Climate scientists shocked by scale of floods in Germany". The Guardian. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  128. ^ Vögele, Ferdinand (15 July 2021). "Extrem-Hochwasser in Rheinland-Pfalz – Welche Rolle spielt der Klimawandel?". SWR3 (in German). Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  129. ^ "Deadly flooding, heatwaves in Europe, highlight urgency of climate action". UN News. UN. 16 July 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.

External links[]

Retrieved from ""