2021 German federal election

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2021 German federal election
← 2017 26 September 2021 (2021-09-26)
All 598 seats in the Bundestag (plus overhang and leveling seats)
300 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
  Grundsteinlegung MiQua-7004 (cropped).jpg Finanzminister Gernot Blümel in Brüssel (49417807823) (cropped).jpg 2019-09-01 Wahlabend Sachsen by Sandro Halank–039.jpg
Tino Chrupalla, 2020 (cropped).jpg
Candidate Armin Laschet Olaf Scholz Alice Weidel &
Tino Chrupalla
Party CDU/CSU SPD AfD
Leader since 16 January 2021 10 August 2020[c] 24 May 2021[a]
30 November 2019
Leader's seat –[d] –[e] Baden-Württemberg (list)[b]
Görlitz
Last election 32.9%, 246 seats 20.5%, 153 seats 12.6%, 94 seats
  2020-02-14 Christian Lindner (Bundestagsprojekt 2020) by Sandro Halank–2.jpg Janine Wissler 2 - 2021-02-27 Digitalparteitag Die Linke 2021 by Martin Heinlein - Cropped.png
2018-06-09 Bundesparteitag Die Linke 2018 in Leipzig by Sandro Halank–141.jpg 		20180120 AB HH.png
Candidate Christian Lindner Janine Wissler &
Dietmar Bartsch 		Annalena Baerbock[f]
Party FDP Left Green
Leader since 7 December 2013 27 February 2021
2 May 2021[h] 		27 January 2018
Leader's seat North Rhine-Westphalia (list)[i] –[j]
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (list)[k] 		Brandenburg (list)[g]
Last election 10.7%, 80 seats 9.2%, 69 seats 8.9%, 67 seats
2021 German federal election - Template.svg
Incumbent Government

Fourth Merkel cabinet
CDU/CSU–SPD



The 2021 German federal election is expected to be held on 26 September 2021 to elect the members of the 20th Bundestag.[2][3][l] On the same day, state elections in Berlin and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern will also be held.[4] Incumbent Chancellor Angela Merkel will not run in this election.[5] This marks the first time in postwar history that the incumbent Chancellor is not seeking re-election.

Background[]

Previous election[]

The 2017 federal election was held after a four-year grand coalition between the CDU/CSU and SPD. Though the CDU/CSU remained the biggest parliamentary group, both it and the SPD suffered significant losses. The SPD leadership, recognising the party's unsatisfactory performance after four years in government, announced that it would go into opposition.[6] With the CDU/CSU having pledged not to work with either the AfD or The Left before the elections, the only remaining option for a majority government was a Jamaica coalition consisting of the CDU/CSU, FDP, and the Greens.[7][8] Exploratory talks between the parties were held over the next six weeks, though on 20 November the FDP withdrew from the negotiations, citing irreconcilable differences between the parties on migration and energy policies.[9][10] Chancellor Angela Merkel consulted with President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, who implored all parties to reconsider in order to avoid fresh elections.[11][12]

Consequently the Social Democrats (SPD) and their leader Martin Schulz indicated their willingness to enter into discussions for another coalition government with the CDU/CSU.[13] The SPD leadership voted to enter into exploratory discussion on 15 December 2017[14] and at a party congress in January 2018 a majority of the party's delegates voted to support the coalition talks.[15][16] The text of the final agreement was agreed to by the CDU/CSU and SPD on 7 February, though was conditioned on the approval of a majority of the SPD's party membership.[17] The 463,723 members of the SPD voted to approve or reject the deal from 20 February to 2 March,[18][19] with the result announced on 4 March. A total of 78.39% of members cast valid votes, of which 66.02% voted in favor of another grand coalition.[20] Merkel was voted in by the Bundestag for a fourth term as Chancellor on 14 March, with 364 votes for, 315 against, 9 abstentions, and 4 invalid votes – 9 more votes than the 355 needed for a majority.[21] The new government was officially referred to as the Fourth Merkel cabinet.

Party leadership changes and political instability[]

Merkel's new government was subject to intense instability. The 2018 German government crisis saw the longstanding alliance between the CDU and CSU threaten to split over asylum seeker policy. Interior Minister and CSU leader Horst Seehofer threatened to undercut Merkel's authority by closing German borders for asylum seekers registered in another European Union (EU) country. The split, eventually repaired following a summit with EU countries, threatened to bring down the government.[22] Following his party's historically low result in the 2018 Bavarian state election, Seehofer was replaced as CSU leader by new Bavarian Minister-President Markus Söder at a party conference in January 2019, while he retained his position as Interior Minister in the Cabinet.[23]

Merkel herself also announced that she would resign as leader of the CDU at the party's conference in December 2018 and step down as Chancellor of Germany at the forthcoming election, following poor results at state elections for the CSU in Bavaria and for the CDU in Hesse.[24][25] Merkel's allegedly preferred candidate for the party leadership, Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer, narrowly defeated Friedrich Merz, who had been a rival of Merkel around 2002 and had left politics in 2009 critisising her decisions and leadership.[26] However, Kramp-Karrenbauer struggled to unify the party's liberal and conservative factions, and in February 2020, when she failed to lead the Thuringia state CDU towards a solution of the government crisis there, she announced her intention to withdraw her interest in running as the CDU nominee for Chancellor at the election and step down as party leader.[27] A party convention to elect a new leader was scheduled for April, but repeatedly delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The election was held in January 2021, with Armin Laschet, incumbent Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia, winning with 52.8% of delegate votes. His main opponent again was Friedrich Merz who won 47.2%.[28]

The other party in the coalition government, the SPD, also had leadership instability. Following their worst general election result since 1945, at the beginning of the new government the party elected Andrea Nahles as their leader in April 2018. Nahles had already been elected leader of the SPD parliamentary group after the federal election in September when the party still planned to go into opposition.[29][30] However, she was unsuccessful in improving the party's stocks, as it continued to slide in opinion polls and was for the first time in history well beaten by the centre-left party Alliance 90/The Greens at the 2019 European Parliament election. She resigned on 2 June 2019, precipitating a leadership election for the SPD.[31] Progressive candidates Norbert Walter-Borjans and Saskia Esken defeated the more moderate candidates Olaf Scholz and Klara Geywitz and were elected co-leaders by the party's membership. Their election raised prospects of the coalition government collapsing and early elections being called, although Reuters reported that the duo would seek to achieve agreement from the CDU/CSU on increasing public spending rather than allow the government to collapse.[32] In August 2020, the party appointed Merkel's deputy Vice-Chancellor Scholz as its candidate for Chancellor at the election, despite him having lost to Walter-Borjans and Esken in the party leadership election.[33]

The Greens elected two new co-leaders in January 2018 (Annalena Baerbock and Robert Habeck) and rose in the opinion polling, settling in second behind the CDU/CSU over the next three years and even taking the first place a few times.[34] The party had its best ever showings at the 2019 European Parliament elections, 2020 Hamburg state election, and 2021 Baden-Württemberg state election. After years of speculation wether Habeck, who had become very popular in the German public and media, would run for the chancellorship, the far less known Baerbock was finally declared the party's candidate for Chancellor in April 2021 and nominated at a conference in June 2021, where she announced her intention to become the country's first Green Chancellor.[35]

The Left also underwent a change in leadership, with Katja Kipping and Bernd Riexinger stepping down after nine years as party co-leaders. They were succeeded by Janine Wissler and Susanne Hennig-Wellsow at a party conference held digitally on 27 February 2021. Wissler is considered a member of the party's left wing, formerly aligned with the Socialist Left faction, while Hennig-Wellsow is considered a moderate. Both support their party's participation in federal government, particularly Hennig-Wellsow, who played a major role in the "red-red-green" government of The Left, SPD, and Greens in the state of Thuringia.[36]

Main issues[]

In July 2021, major floods in Europe put the climate issue back on the agenda. The Social Democratic Party called for "everything to be done to stop global warming," while the CDU/CSU wanted to "speed up climate protection measures".[37] By the end of July, 56 per cent of Germans believe that the floods make it "even more important than before" to combat climate change, and 73 per cent believe that the government is not doing enough in this area. Only the AfD party's sympathizers are overwhelmingly of the opposite opinion.[38]

Following these events, six young people under the age of 30 began a hunger strike in front of the Reichstag building at the end of August. They demand a sincere dialogue with the leaders of the main political parties before the elections and the establishment of a citizens' convention to decide on ambitious measures for the climate.[39]

Electoral system[]

Germany uses the mixed-member proportional representation system, a system of proportional representation combined with elements of first-past-the-post voting. The Bundestag has 598 nominal members, elected for a four-year term; these seats are distributed between the sixteen German states in proportion to the states' number of eligible voters.[40]

Every elector has two votes: a constituency vote (first vote) and a party list vote (second vote). Based solely on the first votes, 299 members are elected in single-member constituencies by first-past-the-post voting. The second votes are used to produce a proportional number of seats for parties, first in the states, and then in the Bundestag. Seats are allocated using the Sainte-Laguë method. If a party wins fewer constituency seats in a state than its second votes would entitle it to, it receives additional seats from the relevant state list. Parties can file lists in every single state under certain conditions – for example, a fixed number of supporting signatures. Parties can receive second votes only in those states in which they have filed a state list.[40]

If a party, by winning single-member constituencies in one state, receives more seats than it would be entitled to according to its second vote share in that state (so-called overhang seats), the other parties receive compensation seats. Owing to this provision, the Bundestag usually has more than 598 members. The 19th and current Bundestag, for example, has 709 seats: 598 regular seats and 111 overhang and compensation seats. Overhang seats are calculated at the state level, so many more seats are added to balance this out among the different states, adding more seats than would be needed to compensate for overhang at the national level in order to avoid negative vote weight.[40]

In order to qualify for seats based on the party-list vote share, a party must either win three single-member constituencies via first votes or exceed a threshold of 5% of the second votes nationwide. If a party only wins one or two single-member constituencies and fails to get at least 5% of the second votes, it keeps the single-member seat(s), but other parties that accomplish at least one of the two threshold conditions receive compensation seats.[40] In the most recent example of this, during the 2002 election, the PDS won only 4.0% of the second votes nationwide, but won two constituencies in the state of Berlin.[41] The same applies if an independent candidate wins a single-member constituency,[40] which has not happened since the 1949 election.[41]

If a voter cast a first vote for a successful independent candidate or a successful candidate whose party failed to qualify for proportional representation, his or her second vote does not count toward proportional representation. However, it does count toward whether the elected party exceeds the 5% threshold.[40]

Parties representing recognized national minorities (currently Danes, Frisians, Sorbs, and Romani people) are exempt from the 5% threshold.[40]

Date[]

The Basic Law and the Federal Election Act provide that federal elections must be held on a Sunday or on a national holiday[42] no earlier than 46 and no later than 48 months after the first sitting of a Bundestag,[43] unless the Bundestag is dissolved earlier. The 19th and current Bundestag held its first sitting on 24 October 2017.[44] Therefore, the next election has to take place on one of the following possible dates:

  • 29 August 2021 (Sunday)
  • 5 September 2021 (Sunday)
  • 12 September 2021 (Sunday)
  • 19 September 2021 (Sunday)
  • 26 September 2021 (Sunday)
  • 3 October 2021 (Sunday and German Unity Day)
  • 10 October 2021 (Sunday)
  • 17 October 2021 (Sunday)
  • 24 October 2021 (Sunday)

The exact date is determined by the President of Germany in due course.[45] On 9 December 2020, President Frank-Walter Steinmeier ordered the election to be held on 26 September 2021.[46] This does not preclude a possible snap election at an earlier date.

Federal elections can be held earlier if the President of Germany dissolves the Bundestag and schedules a snap election. They may only do so under two possible scenarios described by the Basic Law.

  1. If the Bundestag fails to elect a Chancellor with an absolute majority of its members on the 15th day after the first ballot of a Chancellor's election, the President is free to either appoint the candidate who received a plurality of votes as Chancellor or to dissolve the Bundestag (in accordance with Article 63, Section 4 of the Basic Law).
  2. If the Chancellor loses a confidence motion, they may ask the President to dissolve the Bundestag. The President is free to grant or to deny the Chancellor's request (in accordance with Article 68 of the Basic Law).

In both cases, federal elections would have to take place on a Sunday or national holiday no later than 60 days after the dissolution.[43][47][48] Under both scenarios, a snap election is not possible during a State of Defence.

Federal elections can also be held later, if a State of Defence is declared. If a State of Defence prohibits a scheduled federal election and prolongs a legislative period, new elections have to take place no later than six months after the end of the State of Defence.

Parties and candidates[]

Main article: Candidates of the 2021 German federal election

The table below lists the parliamentary groups of the 19th Bundestag.

Name Ideology Lead
candidate(s) 		Leader(s) Parliamentary
leader(s) 		2017 result Seats in 19th
Bundestag
Votes (%) Seats
Union CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany
Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands 		Christian democracy Armin Laschet Armin Laschet Ralph Brinkhaus 26.8%
246 / 709
245 / 709
CSU Christian Social Union in Bavaria
Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern 		Markus Söder 6.2%[m]
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany
Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands 		Social democracy Olaf Scholz Saskia Esken
Norbert Walter-Borjans 		Rolf Mützenich 20.5%
153 / 709
152 / 709
AfD Alternative for Germany
Alternative für Deutschland 		Right-wing populism Alice Weidel
Tino Chrupalla 		Jörg Meuthen
Tino Chrupalla 		Alexander Gauland
Alice Weidel 		12.6%
94 / 709
88 / 709
FDP Free Democratic Party
Freie Demokratische Partei 		Classical liberalism Christian Lindner Christian Lindner Christian Lindner 10.7%
80 / 709
80 / 709
Linke The Left
Die Linke 		Democratic socialism Janine Wissler
Dietmar Bartsch 		Janine Wissler
Susanne Hennig-Wellsow 		Amira Mohamed Ali
Dietmar Bartsch 		9.2%
69 / 709
69 / 709
Grüne Alliance 90/The Greens
Bündnis 90/Die Grünen 		Green politics Annalena Baerbock Annalena Baerbock
Robert Habeck 		Katrin Göring-Eckardt
Anton Hofreiter 		8.9%
67 / 709
67 / 709
Independents
(factionless) 		Marco Bülow (Die PARTEI)
Verena Hartmann (formerly AfD)
Lars Hermann (formerly AfD)
Uwe Kamann (formerly AfD)
Mario Mieruch (LKR)
Georg Nüßlein (formerly CSU)
Frank Pasemann (formerly AfD)
Frauke Petry (formerly AfD) 		– – – – –
0 / 709
6 / 709

Lead candidates[]

After the election of Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia Armin Laschet as federal CDU chairman in January 2021, he became the presumptive CDU nominee for the Union's joint Chancellor candidacy. However, he was challenged by Minister-President of Bavaria Markus Söder of the CSU, who consistently polled well among voters and had been discussed as a potential candidate since mid-2020.[49] As the contest intensified in March/April 2021, Söder was backed by the CSU as well as some state and local CDU associations, while Laschet received the support of most of the CDU. The two men failed to come to an agreement by the given deadline of 19 April,[50] leading the federal CDU board to hold an impromptu meeting to break the deadlock. The board voted 31 to 9 in favour of Laschet.[51] After the vote, Söder announced his support for Laschet as Chancellor candidate.[52]

On 10 August 2020, the Social Democratic Party nominated incumbent Vice Chancellor and Finance Minister Olaf Scholz as their lead candidate for the election. Scholz, who served as Mayor of Hamburg from 2011 to 2018, unsuccessfully sought the SPD leadership in the 2019 leadership election.[53] Scholz was formally elected at a party conference on 8–9 May 2021, supported by 96% of delegates.[54]

The AfD's lead candidates were chosen via a membership vote held from 17 to 24 May 2021. The ticket of party co-chairman Tino Chrupalla and Bundestag co-leader Alice Weidel were elected with 71% of votes; they were opposed by the ticket of former German Air Force lieutenant-general Joachim Wundrak and MdB Joana Cotar, who won 24%. 14,815 votes were cast, correspoding to a turnout of 48%.[55]

On 21 March 2021, the FDP association in North Rhine-Westphalia elected federal chairman Christian Lindner as top candidate for the party list in that state.[56] He was re-elected as chairman on 14 May, winning 93% of votes with no opponent. The vote also served to confirm him as lead candidate for the federal election.[57]

The Left announced Janine Wissler and Dietmar Bartsch as their co-lead candidates on 2 May 2021. Wissler was elected federal party co-leader earlier in the year alongside Susanne Hennig-Wellsow, who chose not to seek the co-lead candidacy. Bartsch had co-chaired The Left's Bundestag group since 2015, and was previously co-lead candidate in the 2017 federal election.[58] Wissler and Bartsch were formally selected by the party executive on 8–9 May, receiving 87% of the votes.[59]

Due to their rise in national opinion polling since 2018, the Greens were expected to forgo the traditional dual lead-candidacy in favour of selecting a single Chancellor candidate. Party co-leaders Annalena Baerbock and Robert Habeck were considered the only plausible candidates.[60] Annalena Baerbock was announced as Chancellor candidate on 19 April.[61] Both Baerbock and Habeck are co-lead candidates for the party's election campaign.[62]

Competing parties[]

A total of 47 parties and lists were approved to run in the 2021 federal election, including the seven which won seats in the 19th Bundestag. Of these, 40 are running party lists in at least one state, while 7 are running only direct candidates. Further, 196 independent candidates are running in the various direct constituencies.[63]

In the table below, green shading indicates that the party is running a list in the indicated state. The number in each box indicates how many direct candidates the party is running in the indicated state.

Party State
BW BY BE BB HB HH HE MV NI NW RP SL SN ST SH TH
Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) 38 – 12 10 2 6 22 6 30 64 15 4 16 9 11 8
Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) 38 46 12 10 2 6 22 6 30 64 15 4 16 9 11 8
Alternative for Germany (AfD) 38 44 12 10 2 6 22 6 27 63 15 4 16 9 11 8
Free Democratic Party (FDP) 38 46 12 10 2 6 22 6 30 64 15 4 16 9 11 8
The Left (DIE LINKE) 38 45 12 10 2 6 22 6 30 64 14 4 16 9 11 8
Alliance 90/The Greens (GRÜNE) 38 46 12 10 2 6 22 6 30 64 15 4 16 9 11 8
Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) – 46 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Free Voters (FREIE WÄHLER) 38 46 7 9 2 5 21 6 22 57 15 4 12 8 11 6
Die PARTEI (PARTEI) 33 31 12 9 2 2 9 2 8 52 10 4 11 2 7 7
Human Environment Animal Protection (Tierschutzpartei) 8 6 12 1 1 – – 3 9 3 3 – – 1 – –
National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD) – 1 – – – 4 – – – – – – – – – –
Pirate Party Germany (PIRATEN) 3 6 6 5 1 2 4 3 8 4 1 – 3 – – 1
Ecological Democratic Party (ÖDP) 16 46 10 7 2 5 – – 5 2 9 4 13 1 – 4
V-Partei³ – Party for Change, Vegetarians and Vegans (V-Partei³) 1 11 – – 1 – – – 1 1 – – 2 – 1 –
Democracy in Motion (DiB) 6 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Bavaria Party (BP) – 24 – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Animal Protection Alliance (Tierschutzallianz) – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2 – –
Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany (MLPD) 22 9 7 1 2 6 5 4 6 31 1 1 4 2 2 8
Party for Health Research (Gesundheitsforschung) – – 2 – – – – – – – – – 1 – – –
German Communist Party (DKP) – – – 4 – – 1 – 2 12 1 – – – 3 –
Human World (MENSCHLICHE WELT) 1 – 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
The Greys – For all Generations (Die Grauen) – – 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Civil Rights Movement Solidarity (BüSo) 2 5 – – – – 1 – – – – – 1 – – –
Party of Humanists (Die Humanisten) 10 3 3 1 2 – 1 – 1 1 1 – 3 – – –
Garden Party (Gartenpartei) – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 – –
The Urbans. A HipHop Party (du.) – 2 1 – – – – – – – – – – – 3 –
Socialist Equality Party, Fourth International (SGP) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Grassroots Democratic Party of Germany (dieBasis) 36 46 11 10 2 6 21 5 27 60 15 4 16 9 11 7
Alliance C – Christians for Germany (Bündnis C) 1 2 – – – – 4 – – 2 – – 2 – – –
The III. Path (III. Weg) – – – – – – – – – – – – 1 – – –
Citizens' Movement for Progress and Change (BÜRGERBEWEGUNG) 3 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
The Pinks/Alliance 21 (BÜNDNIS21) – – 1 – – – 1 – – – – – – – – –
European Party LOVE (LIEBE) – – – – – – – – – 1 – – – – – –
Liberal Conservative Reformers (LKR) 3 7 10 – – 1 1 – 8 7 3 – 4 – 6 2
Party for Progress (PdF) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Lobbyists for Children (LfK) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
South Schleswig Voters' Association (SSW)[n] – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 5 –
Team Todenhöfer – The Justice Party (Team Todenhöfer) – 2 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Independents for Citizen-oriented Democracy (UNABHÄNGIGE) – 2 – 3 – – 1 1 – 2 2 – – – – –
Volt Germany (Volt) 13 12 2 1 1 3 5 – – 15 10 – – – 2 –
From now... Democracy through Referendum (Volksabstimmung) – – – – – – – – – – 2 – – – – –
bergpartei, die überpartei (B*) – – 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
The Others (sonstige) – – 1 – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Family Party of Germany (FAMILIE) – – – 1 – – – – – – – – – – – –
Grey Panthers (Graue Panther) – – – – – – 1 1 – 2 2 – – – – 1
Climate List Baden-Württemberg (KlimalisteBW) 7 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Thuringian Homeland Party (THP) – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 1
Independents and voter groups 15 26 9 18 – 2 15 2 21 31 22 1 22 7 2 3
Party BW BY BE BB HB HH HE MV NI NW RP SL SN ST SH TH
Total constituencies 38 46 12 10 2 6 22 6 30 64 15 4 16 9 11 8

Registration of candidates[]

In July 2021, the respective state electoral committees rejected the lists of the AfD in Bremen and the Greens in Saarland. The AfD list was rejected for formal reasons, while the Green list in Saarland was declared invalid due to a controversial nomination process, in which one third of the state delegates were excluded from the nomination convention. Both state parties filed motions against the rulings. The federal electoral committee dismissed the motion of the Saarland Greens, while the AfD list in Bremen was permitted to run in the elections. The Green Party will thus not be eligible for the proportional vote in Saarland for the first time in the party's history.[65]

Campaign[]

Armin Laschet's laughing incident[]

During the deadly German floods of July 2021, while visiting Erftstadt, a flood-hit town on 18 July, Laschet was caught laughing on camera and making jokes while President Frank-Walter Steinmeier was speaking. Laschet was heavily criticized and despite his apology that 'It was stupid and shouldn't have happened and I regret it', CDU/CSU and Laschet's ratings suffered heavily in opinion polls and SPD took the lead.[66][67]

Debates[]

For the first time since the 2002 election, the four major television broadcasters ARD, ZDF, RTL and ProSieben/Sat.1 will not hold a joint television debate. Separate debates were previously prevented by incumbent chancellor Angela Merkel, who is not running for reelection. For the first time in history, three-way major debates will be held, as the Greens were invited after overtaking the Social Democrats in opinion polls.[68]

2021 German federal election debates
Date Broadcasters  P  Present   S  Surrogate   I  Invited   NI  Not invited  
CDU SPD Grüne AfD FDP Left CSU
17 May 2021[69] RBB Fernsehen NI P
Scholz 		P
Baerbock 		NI NI NI NI
20 May 2021[70] WDR, tagesschau24 P
Laschet 		P
Scholz 		P
Baerbock 		NI NI NI NI
26 June 2021[71] tagesschau24 P
Laschet 		P
Scholz 		P
Baerbock 		NI NI NI NI
29 August 2021[72] RTL, n-tv P
Laschet 		P
Scholz 		P
Baerbock 		NI NI NI NI
30 August 2021[73] ZDF S
Spahn 		S
Giffey 		S
Göring-Eckardt 		P
Weidel 		P
Lindner 		P
Bartsch 		P
Dobrindt
12 September 2021[68] Das Erste, ZDF P
Laschet 		P
Scholz 		P
Baerbock 		NI NI NI NI
13 September 2021[74] ZDF NI NI NI P
Weidel 		S
Kubicki 		P
Wissler 		S
Blume
13 September[75] Das Erste NI NI NI P
Weidel 		P
Lindner 		P
Wissler 		P
Dobrindt
19 September 2021[76] ProSieben, Sat.1, Kabel eins P
Laschet 		P
Scholz 		P
Baerbock 		NI NI NI NI
23 September 2021[68] Das Erste, ZDF I
Laschet 		I
Scholz 		I
Baerbock 		I
Chrupalla/Weidel 		I
Lindner 		I
Bartsch/Wissler 		NI

Members of Parliament not standing for reelection[]

AfD[]

Union[]

SPD[]

FDP[]

Greens[]

The Left[]

Independents[]

  • Frauke Petry, former leader of AfD[182]

Opinion polls[]

Main article: Opinion polling for the 2021 German federal election
Local regression of polls conducted

Poll trackers[]

Trackers of voting intentions and other election related polling.

English language[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Weidel was elected co-lead candidate on 24 May 2021, but is not party co-leader.
  2. ^ Running in Bodensee.
  3. ^ Scholz was nominated as the SPD's Chancellor candidate on 10 August 2020, but is not party leader.
  4. ^ Currently sits as an Member of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia for Aachen II. Running on North Rhine-Westphalia list.
  5. ^ Currently Vice Chancellor and Minister of Finance. Running in Potsdam – Potsdam-Mittelmark II – Teltow-Fläming II[1] and Brandenburg list.
  6. ^ Annalena Baerbock and Robert Habeck are co-lead candidates, while Baerbock is candidate for Chancellor.
  7. ^ Running in Potsdam – Potsdam-Mittelmark II – Teltow-Fläming II.[1]
  8. ^ Bartsch was announced as co-lead candidate on 2 May 2021, but is not party co-leader.
  9. ^ Running in Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis.
  10. ^ Currently sits as a list member of the Landtag of Hesse. Running in Frankfurt am Main I.
  11. ^ Running in Rostock – Landkreis Rostock II.
  12. ^ The election date can only be earlier in the case of an early dissolution, or later if a State of defence is declared.
  13. ^ CSU received 38.8% in Bavaria. It only fields candidates in Bavaria, where the CDU does not field candidates.
  14. ^ The South Schleswig Voters' Association is a recognised minority party representing the Danish and Frisian minorities of Southern Schleswig, and is thus exempt from the 5% electoral threshold.[64]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "Duel in Potsdam: Baerbock and Scholz fight for a constituency". Berliner Zeitung (in German). 22 April 2021.
  2. ^ "Election to the 20th German Bundestag on 26 September 2021". The Federal Returning Officer. Archived from the original on 18 March 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  3. ^ SPIEGEL, DER. "Bundestagswahl soll am 26. September 2021 stattfinden - DER SPIEGEL - Politik". www.spiegel.de (in German). Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  4. ^ "Wahlen in Deutschland". www.election.de. Archived from the original on 13 July 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
  5. ^ "Who are the rivals to lead Germany after Chancellor Merkel?". BBC News. 20 April 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
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