5.5 Metre (keelboat)

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International 5.5 Metre
5.5 Metre insigna.png
Class symbol
5.5 Metre (keelboat).svg
+
Development
DesignerCharles E. Nicholson (rule designer)
Year1949 (rule design)
DesignDevelopment class
NameInternational 5.5 Metre
Crew3
Boat
Crew3
DraftMaximum: 1.35 m (4 ft 5 in)
Hull
TypeMonohull
Hull weightMinimum: 1,700 kg (3,700 lb)
Maximum: 2,000 kg (4,400 lb)
LOAAbout: 9.5 m (31 ft)
BeamMinimum: 1.92 m (6 ft 4 in)
Hull appendages
Keel/board typeFixed
Sails
Spinnaker areaAbout: 50.0 m2 (538 sq ft)
Upwind sail areaMinimum: 26.5 m2 (285 sq ft)
Maximum: 29.0 m2 (312 sq ft)
Former Olympic class

The International 5.5 Metre class was created to yield a racing keel boat giving a sailing experience similar to that of the International 6 Metre Class, but at a lower cost.

The main class regulation is a restriction on a single quantity output from a formula involving the boat's rating length L, weight (expressed as a displacement D) and sail area S; the regulation states that the output of this formula must not exceed 5.500 metres. There is considerable scope for variations in design while still meeting this restriction, and as a result each 5.5 metre boat is unique.

If the design parameters of a proposed new boat result in a formula output exceeding 5.5 metres, then one or more of the parameters must be suitably adjusted. Performance data gained from testing models towed in a long water tank (referred to in yacht design as Ship model basin) can suggest optimal combinations of parameters. The 5.5. metre rule is a variant of the International Rule (sailing) that was established already in 1907. The 5.5. is therefore closely related to larger metre boats such as the 6mR, 8mR and the 12mR.

Since 2010 the 5.5 Metre is one of the Vintage Yachting Classes at the Vintage Yachting Games.

History[]

5.5-metre class Olympic race in Helsinki 1952. Boats are German Tom Kyle (G I), Gold medalist Complex II (US I) and Danish Jill (D 2).

The 5.5-metre class was a redesign of the 6-metre class by Charles E. Nicholson in 1937. The first boats conforming to the 5.5-metre rule were built in 1949. There had been an earlier attempt to build a cheaper alternative to the Sixes. In 1929 the 5-metre class was established by the French "" and the class was accepted in London. It achieved a position as the smallest new international metre class and some hundreds boats were built. Nevertheless, the 5 metre never managed to achieve an Olympic status. The 5.5-metre class replaced it quickly and was raced in Olympics for first time in 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. The Scandinavian Gold Cup has also been competed with 5.5m boats since 1953. 5.5 metre boats replaced the International 6-metre at the 1956 Olympic Games held in Melbourne, Australia. The 5.5 metre participation in the Olympic sailing events continued at the 1960 Olympic Games and 1964 Olympic Games. During the 1960s it however began to draw similar criticism as preceding six-metre class - namely, increasing costs - and the boat lost Olympic status after 1968 Olympic Games, due to excessive design and building costs of one off boats, marking the end of development class keel boats in Olympic regattas. However, the class remained active thereafter and 5.5-metre boats are still very actively raced.

The formula[]

The measurement formula is given in the 2006 International Five Point Five Metre Rating Rules:

where

  • = length for rating
  • = measured sail area
  • = displacement in cubic metres

Events[]

Olympic Games[]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Sweden (SWE)2114
2 United States (USA)2024
3 Australia (AUS)1001
4 Great Britain (GBR)0112
 Switzerland (SUI)0112
6 Denmark (DEN)0101
 Norway (NOR)0101
Totals (7 nations)55515

[1]

Gold Silver Bronze
1952 Helsinki
details
 United States (USA)
Britton Chance
Michael Schoettle
Edgar White
Sumner White
 Norway (NOR)
Peder Lunde
Vibeke Lunde
Børre Falkum-Hansen
 Sweden (SWE)
Folke Wassén
Carl-Erik Ohlson
Magnus Wassén
1956 Melbourne
details
 Sweden (SWE)
Lars Thörn
Hjalmar Karlsson
Sture Stork
 Great Britain (GBR)
Robert Perry
David Bowker
John Dillon
Neil Kennedy-Cochran-Patrick
 Australia (AUS)
Jock Sturrock
Douglas Buxton
Devereaux Mytton
1960 Rome
details
 United States (USA)
George O'Day
James Hunt
David Smith
 Denmark (DEN)
William Berntsen
Steen Christensen
Sören Hancke
 Switzerland (SUI)
Henri Copponex
Pierre Girard
Manfred Metzger
1964 Tokyo
details
 Australia (AUS)
William Northam
Peter O'Donnell
James Sargeant
 Sweden (SWE)
Lars Thörn
Arne Karlsson
Sture Stork
 United States (USA)
John J. McNamara
Joseph Batchelder
Francis Scully
1968 Mexico City
details
 Sweden (SWE)
Ulf Sundelin
Jörgen Sundelin
Peter Sundelin
 Switzerland (SUI)
Louis Noverraz
Bernhard Dunand
Marcel Stern
 Great Britain (GBR)
Robin Aisher
Paul Anderson
Adrian Jardine


World Championship[]

Gold Silver Bronze
1961 Helsinki
Boats
[2]
Ylliam XIV
 Louis Noverraz (SUI)
Web II
  (DEN)
Volpina
 G. Carcano (ITA)
1962 Poole
Boats
[3]
Complex III
 Britton Chance (USA)
John B3
 Robert Symonette (BAH)
Bjarne
  (GBR)
1963 Seawanhaka
Boats
[4]
Chaje II
 Raymond Hunt (USA)
Rush VII
 Lars Thörn (SWE)
Pride
  (USA)
Not Held - Olympic Year
1965 Napoli
Boats
[5]
Grifone
 Agostino Straulino (ITA)
Southern Cross III
  (AUS)
Complex V
 Gardner Cox (USA)
1966 Copenhagen
Boats
[6]
D - Web III
 Paul Bert Elvstrøm (DEN)
FRG - Sünnschien
  (GER)
K - Yeoman
 Robin Aisher (GBR)
1967 Nassau
Boats
[7]
US - Cloud IX
 Gordon Lindemann (USA)
K - Yeoman XV
 Robin Aisher (GBR)
US - Cadenza
 Gardner Cox (USA)
Not Held - Olympic Year
1969 Sandhamn
Boats
[8]
F - Cybèle
 Jean-Marie le Guillou (FRA)

 S - Wasa IV (SWE)
Ulf Sundelin
Jörgen Sundelin
Peter Sundelin
 S - Tomatoe (SWE)


1970 Sydney
Boats
[9]
KA - Carabella
 David Forbes (AUS)
US - Nemesis
 Ted Turner (USA)
US - Sundance
  (USA)
1971 Seawanhaka
Boats
[10]
US - Tiger
 Ted Turner (USA)
KA - Carabella
 David Forbes (AUS)
N - Bingo II
 King Olav (NOR)
1972 Genève
Boats
[11]
Z - Alphée VI
  (SUI)
US - Tiger
 Ted Turner (USA)
US - Sundance
  (USA)
1973 Lysekil
Boats
[12]
US - Sundance
  (USA)
US - John B V
 Robert Symonette (BAH)
KA - Antares
 M. Morris (AUS)
1974 Sydney
Boats
[13]
Southern Cross IV
  (AUS)
Skagerak
 Crown Prince Harald (NOR)
Barragoola
 R. Slade (AUS)
1975 Neuchâtel
Boats
[14]
no champion decided
1976 Hankø
Boats
[15]
Arunga
  (AUS)
Sundance
 Ted Turner (USA)
Bingo II
 King Olav (NOR)
1977 Bénodet
22 Boats
[16]
Antares II
 H. Vaughan (AUS)
John B
 Robert Symonette (BAH)
 Ulf Sundelin (SWE)
  (BAH)
Odyssée V
  (SUI)
1978 Sandhamn
19 Boats
[17]
Arunga III
  (AUS)
Ilias
  (SUI)
Joker IV
  (SUI)
1979 Hankø
19 Boats
[18]
Arunga III
  (AUS)
Patricia
 M. Rouhiainen (FIN)
Wildfire
  (USA)
1980 Sydney
19 Boats
[19]
John B 6
 Robert Symonette (BAH)
Arunga III
  (AUS)
Wildfire
  (USA)
1981 Nassau
18 Boats
[20]
Rapsody
 Roy Tutty (AUS)
Arunga III
  (AUS)
  (AUS)
Pop's John B
 Robert Symonette (BAH)
  (BAH)
1982 Genève
40 Boats
[21]
Z - Saphir
 Jean-Claude Vuithier (SUI)
L'Huillier
Serrasin
Z - Onyx
  (SUI)
Psarophagis
Truant
Z - Naryl
  (SUI)
Homberger
Lehmann
1983 Hankø
26 Boats
[22]
US - Firestorm
  (USA)
US - Arunga IV
  (SWE)
US - Warrior III
 T. Omohundro (USA)
1984 Porto Cervo
22 Boats
[23]
Z - Naryl
  (SUI)
N - Norna XI
 Prince Harald (NOR)
US - Warrior III
 T. Omohundro (USA)
1985 Newport Beach
14 Boats
[24]
Z - Sinaryl
  (SUI)
US - Warrior IV
 T. Omohundro (USA)
US - Morea
 Robert Mosbacher (USA)
1986 Sydney
18 Boats
[25]
BA - John B VII
 Robert Symonette (BAH)
 Ulf Sundelin (SWE)
 Michael Baker-Harber (GBR)
L - Helena
 T. Jungell (FIN)
N - Busy B
 J.E. Dyvi (NOR)
1987 Hankø
31 Boats
[26]
Artémis VII
  (SUI)
Vinnia
 Peter Tallberg (FIN)
Firestorm
  (USA)
1988 Genève
52 Boats
[27]
Z 150 - Tasman
  (SUI)
Z 130 - Sinaryl
  (SUI)
Z 144 - Maria-Christina
  (SUI)
1989 Houston
18 Boats
[28]
 Firestorm (USA)
G. Francisco IV
 Above the Line (USA)

Tom Dickey
Southern Cross 5
  (AUS)
1990 Torquay
24 Boats
[29]
 Alfredo (NOR)


Espen Stokkeland
 Above the Line (USA)

Tom Dickey
 Firestorm (USA)
1991 Sydney
33 Boats
[30]
 Chlika-Chlika (SUI)
 Thunderbunny (USA)
M. Haines
 Alfredo (NOR)


1992 Nassau
20 Boats
[31]
 Chlika-Chlika (SUI)
 Above the Line (USA)

Tom Dickey
 Dodo (FIN)
1993 Hankø
33 Boats
[32]
 Zenda Corn (NOR)


 DoDo Too (FIN)
 My Shout (USA)
Glen Foster
1994 Crouesty
41 Boats
[33]
 Odyssée Junior (SUI)
Zenda Corn
  (NOR)
 Romeo e Giulietta (FRA)
Marc Pajot
1995 Hanko
18 Boats
[34]
USA-97 My Shout
 Glen Foster (USA)
SUI-181 Odyssée Junior
  (SUI)
FIN-40 Dododoo
  (FIN)
1996 Muiden
41 Boats
[35][36]
Zenda Corn
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
 Dag Usterud (NOR)
My Shout
 Glen Foster (USA)
Baba Jaga
  (SUI)
1997 Key Biscane
12 Boats
[37]
USA 97 - My Shout
 Glen Foster (USA)
  (USA)
 Mark Covell (GBR)
SUI 199 - Ali Baba
  (SUI)
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
 Renato Marazzi (SUI)
FIN 44 - Kandoo
  (FIN)<

1998 Cowes
19 Boats
[38]
USA - My Shout
 Glen Foster (USA)
SUI - Marie-Françoise XIII
  (SUI)
SUI - Artémis X
  (SUI)
1999 Torbole
32 Boats
[39][40]
SUI 201 - Marie Francoise XIV
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
SUI 199 - Ali Baba
  (SUI)
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
 Renato Marazzi (SUI)
USA 97 - My Shout
 Glen Foster (USA)
|USA}}
  (USA)
2000 Medemblik
34 Boats
[41]
SUI 201 - Marie Francoise XIV
  (SUI)

SUI 189 - Pungin
  (SUI)

BAH 17 - John B Once Again
  (BAH)
  (NOR)
 Craig Symonette (BAH)
2001 Glücksburg
38 Boats
[42][43]
SUI 205 - Artémis XI
 Jochen Schümann (GER)
  (SUI)
 Peter van Niekerk (NED)
SUI 204 - Marie-Françoise XV
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
BAH 17 - John B Once Again
  (BAH)
 Craig Symonette (BAH)
2002 Helsinki
29 Boats
[44][45][46]
SUI 206 - Ali Baba
  (SUI)
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
 Renato Marazzi (SUI)
SUI 204 - Marie Francoise XV
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
BAH 17 - John B Once Again
  (BAH)
 Craig Symonette (BAH)
  (NOR)
2003 Bénodet
36 Boats
[47][48]
NOR 57 - Artémis XII
  (NOR)
 Mark Covell (GBR)
  (NOR)
FIN 47 - Addam³
 Johan Gullichsen (FIN)
  (FIN)
  (FIN)
SUI 204 - Marie-Françoise XV
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
2004 Torbole
36 Boats
[49][50]
Boats
SUI 206 - Ali Baba
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
 Enrico De Maria (SUI)
  (SUI)
SUI 204 - Marie-Françoise XV
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
FIN 47 - Addam³
 Johan Gullichsen (FIN)
  (FIN)
  (FIN)
2005 Sydney
27 Boats
[51]
SUI 210 - Artémis X
 Jochen Schümann (GER)
  (SUI)
FIN 47 - Addam³
 Johan Gullichsen (FIN)
SUI 206 - Ali Baba
  (SUI)
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
2006 Medemblik
41 Boats
[52]
SUI 219 - Ali Baba
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)

SUI 220 - Artémis XI
 Jochen Schümann (GER)
 Peter van Niekerk (NED)
 Ronald Pieper (SUI)
NED 35 - Maitresse
  (NED)
  (NED)
  (NED)
2007 Sanremo
Boats
[53]
SUI 219 - Ali Baba
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
  (SUI)
 Erkki Heinonen (FIN)
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
  (USA)
  (NOR)
BAH 19 - John B
  (BAH)
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
2008 Nassau
18 Boats
[54]
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
  (USA)
  (USA)
SUI 219 - Ali Baba
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
  (SUI)
 Renato Marazzi (SUI)
BAH 19 - John B
  (BAH)
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
2009 Hankø
Boats
[55]
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Johan Barne (SWE)
  (NOR)
NOR 65 - Odlo
  (NOR)
  (SUI)
  (SUI)
NOR 64 - Clark Kent
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
2010 Lake Garda
29 Boats
[56]
SUI - Ali-Baba
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
 Andrew Palfrey (AUS)
  (SUI)
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Peer Moberg (NOR)
 Petter Mørland Pedersen (NOR)
FIN 66 - Kan-Bei 2
  (FIN)
 Thomas Hallberg (FIN)
  (FIN)
2011 Helsinki
29 Boats
[57]
FIN 66 - Kan-Bei 2
  (FIN)
 Thomas Hallberg (FIN)
  (FIN)
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
SUI 222 - Marie Françoise XVIII
  (SUI)

  (SUI)
2012 Boltenhagen
37 Boats
[58]
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Johan Barne (SWE)
  (NOR)
SUI 224 - Ali-Baba
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)

GER 55 - Oro Nero
 Jochen Schümann (GER)
  (GER)
  (GER)
2013 Curaçao
21 Boats
[59]
GER 79
  (GER)
 Frithjof Kleen (GER)
 Thomas Auracher (GER)
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Johan Barne (SWE)
  (NOR)
NOR 64 - Clark Kent
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
  (NOR)
2014 Porto Santo Stefano
37 Boats
[60]
SUI 224 - Ali Baba
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
  (SWE)
  (SUI)
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Johan Barne (SWE)
  (NOR)
BAH 19 - John B
  (BAH)
 Thomas Hallberg (FIN)
  (NOR)
2015 Nynäshamn
29 Boats
[61]
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Johan Barne (SWE)
  (NOR)
BAH 22 - John B
  (BAH)
 Thomas Hallberg (FIN)
  (NOR)
BAH 21 - New Moon
 Mark Holowesko (BAH)
 Petter Mørland Pedersen (NOR)
  (BAH)
2016 Copenhagen
35 Boats
[62]
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Johan Barne (SWE)
  (NOR)
DEN 19 - Arnold P
  (DEN)

BAH 22 - John B
  (BAH)
 Thomas Hallberg (FIN)
  (NOR)
2017 Bénodet
26 Boats
[63][64][65]
BAH 22 - John B
  (BAH)
  (FIN)
  (NOR)
BAH 21 - New Moon
 Mark Holowesko (BAH)
  (SUI)
  (BAH)
NED 26 - Feng Shui
  (NED)

2018 Cowes
Boats
[66][67][68]
BAH 21 - New Moon
 Mark Holowesko (BAH)
  (SUI)
  (BAH)
SUI 218 - Marie Françoise XVX
  (SUI)
  (GER)
  (DEN)
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)

  (NOR)
2019 Helsinki
24 Boats
[69][70][71]
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Johan Barne (SWE)
  (NOR)
BAH 21 - New Moon
 Mark Holowesko (BAH)
  (SUI)
  (BAH)
BAH 22 - John B
  (BAH)
  (FIN)
  (NOR)
2020 Pittwater
Boats
[72][73]
NOR 57 - Artemis XIV
  (NOR)
 Johan Barne (SWE)
 Anders Pedersen (NOR)
BAH 24 - New Moon
 Mark Holowesko (BAH)
  (SUI)
  (BAH)
BAH 23 - Ali Baba
 Craig Symonette (BAH)
 Flavio Marazzi (SUI)
  (GBR)

[74]

Vintage Yachting Games[]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Finland (FIN)1001
2 Germany (GER)0101
3 France (FRA)0011
Totals (3 nations)1113
Event Gold Silver Bronze
2012 Lake Como  Finland


 Germany
Hubert 'Biwi' Reich

 France)


[75]

Pan American Games[]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 United States (USA)1001
2 Canada (CAN)0101
3 Ecuador (ECU)0011
Totals (3 nations)1113
Event Gold Silver Bronze
1959 Chicago  United States  Canada  Ecuador

[76]

European Championships[]

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1  Switzerland (SUI)74718
2 Norway (NOR)2204
3 United States (USA)1012
4 Great Britain (GBR)0112
5 France (FRA)0101
 Soviet Union (URS)0101
Totals (6 nations)109928
Event Gold Silver Bronze
1968 Neuenburger See[77]  Toucan IX (SUI)
Louis Noverraz
 Nadezhda VI (URS)
Konstantin Alexandrov
 Janael (FRA)
Breteche
1980 Bénodet   Switzerland (F)
Sprecher
 France (F)
  Switzerland (Z)
Capecchi
1993 Cannes[78]  The Sting (SUI)
 Zenda Corn (NOR)
 My Shout (USA)
Glen Foster
1995 Thun[79]   Switzerland


  Switzerland


  Switzerland


Flavio Marazzi
1997  United States (FRA)
Glen Foster
  Switzerland (SUI)
Jean-Claude Vuithier
  Switzerland (SUI)
1998 Cannes   Switzerland (FRA)
 Norway (NOR)
 United States (USA)
Glen Foster
2000 Genoa[80]  Joker 8 (SUI)
Thomas Moser

T. Sprecher
 Salamander 5 (GBR)
Jonathan Janson

Rupert Richardson
 Marie-Françoise 14 (SUI)


2005 Attersee  Marie-Françoise 17 (SUI)


Gaume
  Switzerland


  Switzerland


2008 Mariehamn  Norway (FIN)


Johan Barne
 Norway (NOR)



1st race only
  Switzerland (SUI)


2013 Benodet  Norway (FIN)

NN
NN
 Norway (SUI)

NN
NN
  Switzerland (SUI)

NN
NN

[81]

Scandinavian Gold Cup[]

Class association[]

International 5.5 Metre

The object of the International 5.5 Metre Class Association is to promote and develop 5.5 Metre racing throughout the World. The first President of the association was .[82]

Since the development of the class spanned more than half a century the early boats are not competitive to race against the modern designs. Therefore, the association made, in 2007, divisions in the class based upon age of the boat:[83]

  • Classic Fleet (Designs before 1970)
  • Evolution Fleet
  • Modern Fleet (Designs from 1994)

During major races there are separate trophies per fleet, however if a classic fleet boat beats the modern fleet, the classic fleet boat wins the modern fleet trophy.

References[]

  1. ^ Olympic results
  2. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  3. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  4. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  5. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  6. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  7. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  8. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  9. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  10. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  11. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  12. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  13. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  14. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  15. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  16. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  17. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  18. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  19. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  20. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  21. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  22. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  23. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  24. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  25. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  26. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  27. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  28. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  29. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  30. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  31. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  32. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  33. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  34. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  35. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  36. ^ http://www.sailing.org/regattas/55world/18results.html
  37. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  38. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  39. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  40. ^ http://www.5point5.org/results.html
  41. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  42. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  43. ^ http://www.5.5class.org/archives/01/wc2001.html
  44. ^ 5.5 Metre at World Sailing
  45. ^ http://www.merenkavijat.fi/55m/resultswc.htm
  46. ^ http://www.5point5.org/resultats/results_2002.html
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