Academy Award for Best Picture

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Academy Award for Best Picture
Awarded forBest Motion Picture of the Year
CountryUnited States
Presented byAcademy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
First awardedMay 16, 1929; 92 years ago (1929-05-16) (for films released during the 1927/1928 film season)
Most recent winnerNomadland (2020)
Websiteoscars.org

The Academy Award for Best Picture is one of the Academy Awards presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) since the awards debuted in 1929. This award goes to the producers of the film and is the only category in which every member of the Academy is eligible to submit a nomination and vote on the final ballot.[1] Best Picture is usually the final award of the night and is considered the most prestigious honor of the ceremony.[2][3][4]

The Grand Staircase columns at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, where the Academy Awards ceremonies have been held since 2002, showcase every film that has won the Best Picture title since the award's inception.[5] There have been 571 films nominated for Best Picture and 93 winners.[6]

History[]

Category name changes[]

At the 1st Academy Awards ceremony (for 1927 and 1928), there were two categories of awards that were each considered the top award of the night: Outstanding Picture and Unique and Artistic Picture, the former being won by the war epic Wings, and the latter by the art film Sunrise. Each award was intended to honor different and equally important aspects of superior filmmaking.

The following year, the Academy dropped the Unique and Artistic Picture award, and decided retroactively that the award won by Wings was the highest honor that could be awarded.[7] Although the award kept the title Outstanding Picture for the next ceremony, the name underwent several changes over the years as seen below. Since 1962, the award has been simply called Best Picture.[6]

  • 1927/28–1928/29: Academy Award for Outstanding Picture
  • 1929/30–1940: Academy Award for Outstanding Production
  • 1941–1943: Academy Award for Outstanding Motion Picture
  • 1944–1961: Academy Award for Best Motion Picture
  • 1962–present: Academy Award for Best Picture

Recipients[]

Until 1950, this award was presented to a representative of the production company. That year the protocol was changed so that the award was presented to all credited producers. This rule was modified in 1999 to apply a maximum limit of three producers receiving the award, after the five producers of Shakespeare in Love had received the award.[8][9][10]

As of 2020, the "Special Rules for the Best Picture of the Year Award" limit recipients to those who meet two main requirements:[11]

  • Those with screen credit of "producer" or "produced by", explicitly excluding those with the screen credit "executive producer, co-producer, associate producer, line producer, or produced in association with"
  • those three or fewer producers who have performed the major portion of the producing functions

The rules allow bona fide team of not more than two people shall be considered to be a single “producer” if the two individuals have had an established producing partnership as determined by the Producers Guild of America Producing Partnership Panel. Final determination of the qualifying producer nominees for each nominated picture will be made by the Producers Branch Executive Committee, including the right to name any additional qualified producer as a nominee.[11]

The Academy can make exceptions to the limit, as when Anthony Minghella and Sydney Pollack were posthumously included among the four producers nominated for The Reader.[12] As of 2014 the Producers Branch Executive Committee determines such exceptions, noting they take place only in "rare and extraordinary circumstance[s]."[11]

Steven Spielberg currently holds the record for most nominations at ten, winning one, while Kathleen Kennedy holds the record for most nominations without a win at eight. Sam Spiegel and Saul Zaentz tie for the most wins with three each. As for the time when the Oscar was given to production companies instead, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer holds the record with five wins and 40 nominations.

Best Picture and Best Director[]

The Academy Awards for Best Picture and Best Director have been closely linked throughout their history. Of the 93 films that have won Best Picture, 67 have also been awarded Best Director. Only five films have been awarded Best Picture without receiving a Best Director nomination: Wings directed by William A. Wellman (1927/28), Grand Hotel directed by Edmund Goulding (1931/32), Driving Miss Daisy directed by Bruce Beresford (1989), Argo directed by Ben Affleck (2012), and Green Book by Director Peter Farrelly (2018). The only two Best Director winners to win for films that did not receive a Best Picture nomination were during the early years of the awards: Lewis Milestone for Two Arabian Knights (1927/28), and Frank Lloyd for The Divine Lady (1928/29).[13]

Nomination limit increased[]

On June 24, 2009, AMPAS announced that the number of films to be nominated in the Best Picture award category would increase from five to ten, starting with the 82nd Academy Awards (2009).[14] Although the Academy never officially said so, many commenters noted the expansion was likely in part a response to public criticism of The Dark Knight (2008) (and, in previous years, other blockbusters and popular films) not being nominated for Best Picture.[15][16][17] Officially, the Academy said the rule change was a throwback to the Academy's early years in the 1930s and 1940s, when eight to 12 films were nominated each year. "Having 10 Best Picture nominees is going to allow Academy voters to recognize and include some of the fantastic movies that often show up in the other Oscar categories but have been squeezed out of the race for the top prize," AMPAS President Sid Ganis said in a press conference. "I can't wait to see what that list of 10 looks like when the nominees are announced in February."[14]

At the same time, the voting system was switched from first-past-the-post to instant runoff voting (also known as preferential voting).[18] Two years after this change, the Academy revised the rule again so that the number of films nominated was between five and ten; nominated films must earn either 5% of first-place rankings or 5% after an abbreviated variation of the single transferable vote nominating process.[19] Bruce Davis, the Academy executive director at the time, said, "A Best Picture nomination should be an indication of extraordinary merit. If there are only eight pictures that truly earn that honor in a given year, we shouldn't feel an obligation to round out the number."[20]

Language and country of origin[]

Only twelve non-English language films have been nominated in the category: La Grande Illusion (French, 1938); Z (French, 1969); The Emigrants (Swedish, 1972); Cries and Whispers (Swedish, 1973); The Postman (Il Postino) (Italian/Spanish, 1995); Life Is Beautiful (Italian, 1998); Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (Mandarin Chinese, 2000); Letters from Iwo Jima (Japanese, 2006, but ineligible for Best Foreign Language Film, as it was an American production); Amour (French, 2012); Roma (Spanish/Mixtec, 2018); Parasite (Korean, 2019); and Minari (Korean, 2020, but ineligible for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film, as it was an American production).[21] Parasite became the first film not in English to win Best Picture.[22][23]

Only ten films wholly financed outside the United States have won Best Picture, eight of which were financed, in part or in whole, by the United Kingdom: Hamlet (1948), Tom Jones (1963), A Man for All Seasons (1966), Chariots of Fire (1981), Gandhi (1982), The Last Emperor (1987), Slumdog Millionaire (2008), and The King's Speech (2010). The ninth film, The Artist (2011), was financed by France and the tenth film, Parasite (2019), was financed by South Korea.[24]

Genres[]

Some genres of film (or mediums in the case of an animation) have received few or no nominations or awards. Only three animated films have been nominated — Beauty and the Beast (1991), Up (2009) and Toy Story 3 (2010). The latter two were nominated after the Academy expanded the number of nominees, but none have won. No comic book or superhero film has won, and only two have ever been nominated — Black Panther (2018), and Joker (2019). Only two fantasy films have won — The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003) and The Shape of Water (2017), although more have been nominated. The Silence of the Lambs (1991) is the only horror film to win Best Picture, and only five others have been nominated for Best Picture: The Exorcist (1973), Jaws (1975), The Sixth Sense (1999), Black Swan (2010), and Get Out (2017). No science fiction film has won the award, though eleven films have been nominated: A Clockwork Orange, Star Wars, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Avatar, District 9, Inception, Gravity, Her, Mad Max: Fury Road, The Martian, and Arrival.

No documentary feature has yet been nominated for Best Picture, although Chang was nominated in the "Unique and Artistic Production" category at the 1927/28 awards.

Several musical adaptations based on material previously filmed in non-musical form have won Best Picture, including Gigi, West Side Story, My Fair Lady, The Sound of Music, Oliver!, and Chicago.

Sequel nominations and winners[]

Few sequels have been nominated for Best Picture and just two have won: The Godfather Part II (the film before that, The Godfather, also won the award; the third film in the installment The Godfather Part III, was nominated as well but did not win the award) and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (the films before that, Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring and Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers were both nominated for the award but did not win). Other nominees include The Bells of St. Mary's (the sequel to the 1944 winner, Going My Way), Toy Story 3, and Mad Max: Fury Road.[21]

Another nominee, Broadway Melody of 1936, was a follow-up of sorts to previous winner The Broadway Melody. But, beyond the title and some music, there is no story connection to the earlier film. The Silence of the Lambs was adapted from the sequel novel to Red Dragon. The latter had been adapted for film as Manhunter by a different studio. Best Picture nominee The Lion in Winter features Peter O'Toole as King Henry II, a role he had played previously in the film Becket. But Winter is not a sequel to Becket. Clint Eastwood's Letters from Iwo Jima was a companion piece to his film Flags of Our Fathers, released earlier the same year. These two films depict the same battle from the different viewpoints of Japanese and United States military forces; the two films were shot back-to-back. In addition, Black Panther is a continuation of the events that occurred in Captain America: Civil War and the Marvel Cinematic Universe.

Silent film winners[]

At the 1st Academy Awards, the Best Picture award – then named "Academy Award for Outstanding Picture" – was presented to the 1927 silent film Wings.

The Artist (2011) was the first silent (with the exception of a single scene of dialogue, and a dream sequence with sound effects) film since Wings to win Best Picture. It was the first silent nominee since 1928's The Patriot. It was the first Best Picture winner to be shot entirely in black-and-white since 1960's The Apartment. (Schindler's List, the 1993 winner, was predominantly black-and-white but it did contain some color sequences).[24]

Version availability[]

No Best Picture winner has been lost, though a few such as All Quiet on the Western Front and Lawrence of Arabia exist only in a form altered from their original, award-winning release form. This has usually been due to editing for reissue (and subsequently partly restored by archivists). Other winners and nominees, such as Tom Jones (prior to its 2018 reissues by The Criterion Collection and the British Film Institute) and Star Wars, are widely available only in subsequently altered versions. The Broadway Melody originally had some sequences photographed in two-color Technicolor. This footage survives only in black and white.[25]

The 1928 film The Patriot is the only Best Picture nominee that is lost (about one-third is extant).[26] The Racket, also from 1928, was believed lost for many years until a print was found in Howard Hughes' archives. It has since been restored and shown on Turner Classic Movies.[27] The only surviving complete prints of 1931's East Lynne and 1934's The White Parade exist within the UCLA film archive.[28]

Ceremony mistake[]

In 2017, at the 89th Academy Awards, presenter Faye Dunaway read La La Land as the winner of the award. However, she and Warren Beatty had mistakenly been given the duplicate envelope for the "Best Actress in a Leading Role" award, which Emma Stone had won for her role in La La Land moments prior. In the resulting chaos, it was La La Land producer Jordan Horowitz who finally announced --two minutes and twenty-seven seconds later -- that Moonlight was the real winner.[29]

Winners and nominees[]

In the list below, winners are listed first in the gold row, followed by the other nominees.[6] Except for the early years (when the Academy used a non-calendar year), the year shown is the one in which the film first premiered in Los Angeles County, California; normally this is also the year of first release, however, it may be the year after first release (as with Casablanca and, if the film-festival premiere is considered, Crash). This is also the year before the ceremony at which the award is given; for example, a film exhibited theatrically during 2005 was eligible for consideration for the 2005 Best Picture Oscar, awarded in 2006. The number of the ceremony (1st, 2nd, etc.) appears in parentheses after the awards year, linked to the article on that ceremony. Each individual entry shows the title followed by nominee.

Until 1950, the Best Picture award was given to the production company; from 1951 on, it has gone to the producer or producers. The Academy used the producer credits of the Producers Guild of America (PGA) until 1998, when all five producers of Shakespeare in Love made speeches after its win.[8][9] A three-producer limit has been applied some years since.[9][10] There was controversy over the exclusion of some PGA-credited producers of Crash and Little Miss Sunshine.[10] The Academy can make exceptions to the limit, as when Anthony Minghella and Sydney Pollack were posthumously among the four nominated for The Reader.[12] However, now any number of producers on a film can be nominated for Best Picture, should they be deemed eligible.

For the first ceremony, three films were nominated for the award. For the following three years, five films were nominated for the award. This was expanded to eight in 1933, to ten in 1934, and to twelve in 1935, before being dropped back to ten in 1937. In 1945, it was further reduced to five. This number remained until 2009, when the limit was raised to ten and later adjusted in 2011, to vary between five and ten.

For the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. For example, the 2nd Academy Awards presented on April 3, 1930, recognized films that were released between August 1, 1928, and July 31, 1929. Starting with the 7th Academy Awards, held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full previous calendar year from January 1 to December 31.

  indicates the winner

1920s[]

Year of Film Release Film Film Studio
1927/28
(1st)
Wings Famous Players-Lasky
7th Heaven Fox
The Racket The Caddo Company
1928/29
(2nd)
[a]
The Broadway Melody Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Alibi Feature Productions
Hollywood Revue Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
In Old Arizona Fox
The Patriot Paramount Famous Lasky

1930s[]

Year of Film Release Film Film Studio
1929/30
(3rd)
All Quiet on the Western Front Universal
The Big House Cosmopolitan
Disraeli Warner Bros.
The Divorcee Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The Love Parade Paramount Famous Lasky
1930/31
(4th)
Cimarron RKO Radio
East Lynne Fox
The Front Page The Caddo Company
Skippy Paramount Publix
Trader Horn Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1931/32
(5th)
Grand Hotel Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Arrowsmith Samuel Goldwyn Productions
Bad Girl Fox
The Champ Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Five Star Final First National
One Hour with You Paramount Publix
Shanghai Express Paramount Publix
The Smiling Lieutenant Paramount Publix
1932/33
(6th)
[b]
Cavalcade Fox
42nd Street Warner Bros.
A Farewell to Arms Paramount
I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang Warner Bros.
Lady for a Day Columbia
Little Women RKO Radio
The Private Life of Henry VIII London Films
She Done Him Wrong Paramount
Smilin' Through Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
State Fair Fox
1934
(7th)
[c]
It Happened One Night Columbia
The Barretts of Wimpole Street Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Cleopatra Paramount
Flirtation Walk First National
The Gay Divorcee RKO Radio
Here Comes the Navy Warner Bros.
The House of Rothschild 20th Century
Imitation of Life Universal
One Night of Love Columbia
The Thin Man Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Viva Villa! Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The White Parade Jesse L. Lasky (production company)
1935
(8th)
[d]
Mutiny on the Bounty Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Alice Adams RKO Radio
Broadway Melody of 1936 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Captain Blood Cosmopolitan
David Copperfield Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The Informer RKO Radio
The Lives of a Bengal Lancer Paramount
A Midsummer Night's Dream Warner Bros.
Les Misérables 20th Century
Naughty Marietta Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Ruggles of Red Gap Paramount
Top Hat RKO Radio
1936
(9th)
The Great Ziegfeld Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Anthony Adverse Warner Bros.
Dodsworth Samuel Goldwyn Productions
Libeled Lady Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Mr. Deeds Goes to Town Columbia
Romeo and Juliet Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
San Francisco Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The Story of Louis Pasteur Cosmopolitan
A Tale of Two Cities Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Three Smart Girls Universal
1937
(10th)
The Life of Emile Zola Warner Bros.
The Awful Truth Columbia
Captains Courageous Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Dead End Samuel Goldwyn Productions
The Good Earth Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
In Old Chicago 20th Century-Fox
Lost Horizon Columbia
One Hundred Men and a Girl Universal
Stage Door RKO Radio
A Star Is Born Selznick International Pictures
1938
(11th)
You Can't Take It with You Columbia
The Adventures of Robin Hood Warner Bros.-First National
Alexander's Ragtime Band 20th Century-Fox
Boys Town Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The Citadel Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Four Daughters Warner Bros.-First National
Grand Illusion Realization D'Art Cinematographique
Jezebel Warner Bros.
Pygmalion Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Test Pilot Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1939
(12th)
Gone with the Wind Selznick International Pictures
Dark Victory Warner Bros.-First National
Goodbye, Mr. Chips Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Love Affair RKO Radio
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington Columbia
Ninotchka Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Of Mice and Men Hal Roach (production company)
Stagecoach Walter Wanger (production company)
The Wizard of Oz Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Wuthering Heights Samuel Goldwyn Productions

1940s[]

Year of Film Release Film Film Studio
1940
(13th)
Rebecca Selznick International Pictures
All This, and Heaven Too Warner Bros.
Foreign Correspondent Walter Wanger (production company)
The Grapes of Wrath 20th Century-Fox
The Great Dictator Charles Chaplin Productions
Kitty Foyle RKO Radio
The Letter Warner Bros.
The Long Voyage Home Argosy-Wanger
Our Town Sol Lesser (production company)
The Philadelphia Story Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1941
(14th)
How Green Was My Valley 20th Century-Fox
Blossoms in the Dust Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Citizen Kane Mercury
Here Comes Mr. Jordan Columbia
Hold Back the Dawn Paramount
The Little Foxes Samuel Goldwyn Productions
The Maltese Falcon Warner Bros.
One Foot in Heaven Warner Bros.
Sergeant York Warner Bros.
Suspicion RKO Radio
1942
(15th)
Mrs. Miniver Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
49th Parallel Ortus
Kings Row Warner Bros.
The Magnificent Ambersons Mercury
The Pied Piper 20th Century-Fox
The Pride of the Yankees Samuel Goldwyn Productions
Random Harvest Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The Talk of the Town Columbia
Wake Island Paramount
Yankee Doodle Dandy Warner Bros.
1943
(16th)
Casablanca Warner Bros.
For Whom the Bell Tolls Paramount
Heaven Can Wait 20th Century-Fox
The Human Comedy Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
In Which We Serve Two Cities Films
Madame Curie Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The More the Merrier Columbia
The Ox-Bow Incident 20th Century-Fox
The Song of Bernadette 20th Century-Fox
Watch on the Rhine Warner Bros.
1944
(17th)
Going My Way Paramount
Double Indemnity Paramount
Gaslight Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Since You Went Away Selznick International Pictures
Wilson 20th Century-Fox
1945
(18th)
The Lost Weekend Paramount
Anchors Aweigh Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The Bells of St. Mary's Rainbow Productions
Mildred Pierce Warner Bros.
Spellbound Selznick International Pictures
1946
(19th)
The Best Years of Our Lives Samuel Goldwyn Productions
Henry V Two Cities Films
It's a Wonderful Life Liberty Films
The Razor's Edge 20th Century-Fox
The Yearling Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
1947
(20th)
Gentleman's Agreement 20th Century-Fox
The Bishop's Wife Samuel Goldwyn Productions
Crossfire RKO Radio
Great Expectations J. Arthur Rank-Cineguild
Miracle on 34th Street 20th Century-Fox
1948
(21st)
Hamlet J. Arthur Rank-Two Cities Films
Johnny Belinda Warner Bros.
The Red Shoes J. Arthur Rank-Archers
The Snake Pit 20th Century-Fox
The Treasure of the Sierra Madre Warner Bros.
1949
(22nd)
All the King's Men Columbia
Battleground Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
The Heiress Paramount
A Letter to Three Wives 20th Century-Fox
Twelve O'Clock High 20th Century-Fox

1950s[]

Year of Film Release Film Film Studio/Producer(s)
1950
(23rd)
All About Eve 20th Century-Fox
Born Yesterday Columbia
Father of the Bride Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
King Solomon's Mines Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Sunset Boulevard Paramount
1951
(24th)
An American in Paris Arthur Freed
Decision Before Dawn Anatole Litvak and Frank McCarthy
A Place in the Sun George Stevens
Quo Vadis Sam Zimbalist
A Streetcar Named Desire Charles K. Feldman
1952
(25th)
The Greatest Show on Earth Cecil B. DeMille
High Noon Stanley Kramer
Ivanhoe Pandro S. Berman
Moulin Rouge John Huston, John Woolf and James Woolf
The Quiet Man John Ford and Merian C. Cooper
1953
(26th)
From Here to Eternity Buddy Adler
Julius Caesar John Houseman
The Robe Frank Ross
Roman Holiday William Wyler
Shane George Stevens
1954
(27th)
On the Waterfront Sam Spiegel
The Caine Mutiny Stanley Kramer
The Country Girl William Perlberg
Seven Brides for Seven Brothers Jack Cummings
Three Coins in the Fountain Sol C. Siegel
1955
(28th)
Marty Harold Hecht
Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing Buddy Adler
Mister Roberts Leland Hayward
Picnic Fred Kohlmar
The Rose Tattoo Hal B. Wallis
1956
(29th)
Around the World in 80 Days Michael Todd
Friendly Persuasion William Wyler
Giant George Stevens and Henry Ginsberg
The King and I Charles Brackett
The Ten Commandments Cecil B. DeMille
1957
(30th)
The Bridge on the River Kwai Sam Spiegel
12 Angry Men Henry Fonda and Reginald Rose
Peyton Place Jerry Wald
Sayonara William Goetz
Witness for the Prosecution Arthur Hornblow Jr.
1958
(31st)
Gigi Arthur Freed
Auntie Mame Jack L. Warner
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Lawrence Weingarten
The Defiant Ones Stanley Kramer
Separate Tables Harold Hecht
1959
(32nd)
Ben-Hur Sam Zimbalist
Anatomy of a Murder Otto Preminger
The Diary of Anne Frank George Stevens
The Nun's Story Henry Blanke
Room at the Top John Woolf and James Woolf

1960s[]

Year Film Producer(s)
1960
(33rd)
The Apartment Billy Wilder
The Alamo John Wayne
Elmer Gantry Bernard Smith
Sons and Lovers Jerry Wald
The Sundowners Fred Zinnemann
1961
(34th)
West Side Story Robert Wise
Fanny Joshua Logan
The Guns of Navarone Carl Foreman
The Hustler Robert Rossen
Judgment at Nuremberg Stanley Kramer
1962
(35th)
Lawrence of Arabia Sam Spiegel
The Longest Day Darryl F. Zanuck
The Music Man Morton DaCosta
Mutiny on the Bounty Aaron Rosenberg
To Kill a Mockingbird Alan J. Pakula
1963
(36th)
Tom Jones Tony Richardson
America America Elia Kazan
Cleopatra Walter Wanger
How the West Was Won Bernard Smith
Lilies of the Field Ralph Nelson
1964
(37th)
My Fair Lady Jack L. Warner
Becket Hal B. Wallis
Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb Stanley Kubrick
Mary Poppins Walt Disney and Bill Walsh
Zorba the Greek Michael Cacoyannis
1965
(38th)
The Sound of Music Robert Wise
Darling Joseph Janni
Doctor Zhivago Carlo Ponti
Ship of Fools Stanley Kramer
A Thousand Clowns Fred Coe
1966
(39th)
A Man for All Seasons Fred Zinnemann
Alfie Lewis Gilbert
The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming Norman Jewison
The Sand Pebbles Robert Wise
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? Ernest Lehman
1967
(40th)
In the Heat of the Night Walter Mirisch
Bonnie and Clyde Warren Beatty
Doctor Dolittle Arthur P. Jacobs
The Graduate Lawrence Turman
Guess Who's Coming to Dinner Stanley Kramer
1968
(41st)
Oliver! John Woolf
Funny Girl Ray Stark
The Lion in Winter Martin Poll
Rachel, Rachel Paul Newman
Romeo and Juliet Anthony Havelock-Allan and John Brabourne
1969
(42nd)
Midnight Cowboy Jerome Hellman
Anne of the Thousand Days Hal B. Wallis
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid John Foreman
Hello, Dolly! Ernest Lehman
Z Jacques Perrin and Ahmed Rachedi

1970s[]

Year Films Producer(s)
1970
(43rd)
Patton Frank McCarthy
Airport Ross Hunter
Five Easy Pieces Bob Rafelson and Richard Wechsler
Love Story Howard G. Minsky
M*A*S*H Ingo Preminger
1971
(44th)
The French Connection Philip D'Antoni
A Clockwork Orange Stanley Kubrick
Fiddler on the Roof Norman Jewison
The Last Picture Show Stephen J. Friedman
Nicholas and Alexandra Sam Spiegel
1972
(45th)
The Godfather Albert S. Ruddy
Cabaret Cy Feuer
Deliverance John Boorman
The Emigrants Bengt Forslund
Sounder Robert B. Radnitz
1973
(46th)
The Sting Tony Bill, Michael Phillips, and Julia Phillips
American Graffiti Francis Ford Coppola and Gary Kurtz
Cries and Whispers Ingmar Bergman
The Exorcist William Peter Blatty
A Touch of Class Melvin Frank
1974
(47th)
The Godfather Part II Francis Ford Coppola, Gray Frederickson, and Fred Roos
Chinatown Robert Evans
The Conversation Francis Ford Coppola
Lenny Marvin Worth
The Towering Inferno Irwin Allen
1975
(48th)
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest Michael Douglas and Saul Zaentz
Barry Lyndon Stanley Kubrick
Dog Day Afternoon Martin Bregman and Martin Elfand
Jaws Richard D. Zanuck and David Brown
Nashville Robert Altman
1976
(49th)
Rocky Irwin Winkler and Robert Chartoff
All the President's Men Walter Coblenz
Bound for Glory Robert F. Blumofe and Harold Leventhal
Network Howard Gottfried
Taxi Driver Michael Phillips and Julia Phillips
1977
(50th)
Annie Hall Charles H. Joffe
The Goodbye Girl Ray Stark
Julia Richard Roth
Star Wars Gary Kurtz
The Turning Point Herbert Ross and Arthur Laurents
1978
(51st)
The Deer Hunter Barry Spikings, Michael Deeley, Michael Cimino, and John Peverall
Coming Home Jerome Hellman
Heaven Can Wait Warren Beatty
Midnight Express Alan Marshall and David Puttnam
An Unmarried Woman Paul Mazursky and Tony Ray
1979
(52nd)
Kramer vs. Kramer Stanley R. Jaffe
All That Jazz Robert Alan Aurthur
Apocalypse Now Francis Ford Coppola, Fred Roos, Gray Frederickson, and Tom Sternberg
Breaking Away Peter Yates
Norma Rae Tamara Asseyev and Alex Rose

1980s[]

Year of Film Release Film Producer(s)
1980
(53rd)
Ordinary People Ronald L. Schwary
Coal Miner's Daughter Bernard Schwartz
The Elephant Man Jonathan Sanger
Raging Bull Irwin Winkler and Robert Chartoff
Tess Claude Berri and Timothy Burrill
1981
(54th)
Chariots of Fire David Puttnam
Atlantic City Denis Héroux
On Golden Pond Bruce Gilbert
Raiders of the Lost Ark Frank Marshall
Reds Warren Beatty
1982
(55th)
Gandhi Richard Attenborough
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial Steven Spielberg and Kathleen Kennedy
Missing Edward Lewis and Mildred Lewis
Tootsie Sydney Pollack and Dick Richards
The Verdict Richard D. Zanuck and David Brown
1983
(56th)
Terms of Endearment James L. Brooks
The Big Chill Michael Shamberg
The Dresser Peter Yates
The Right Stuff Irwin Winkler and Robert Chartoff
Tender Mercies Philip S. Hobel
1984
(57th)
Amadeus Saul Zaentz
The Killing Fields David Puttnam
A Passage to India John Brabourne and Richard B. Goodwin
Places in the Heart Arlene Donovan
A Soldier's Story Norman Jewison, Ronald L. Schwary, and Patrick Palmer
1985
(58th)
Out of Africa Sydney Pollack
The Color Purple Steven Spielberg, Kathleen Kennedy, Frank Marshall, and Quincy Jones
Kiss of the Spider Woman David Weisman
Prizzi's Honor John Foreman
Witness Edward S. Feldman
1986
(59th)
Platoon Arnold Kopelson
Children of a Lesser God Burt Sugarman and Patrick J. Palmer
Hannah and Her Sisters Robert Greenhut
The Mission Fernando Ghia and David Puttnam
A Room with a View Ismail Merchant
1987
(60th)
The Last Emperor Jeremy Thomas
Broadcast News James L. Brooks
Fatal Attraction Stanley R. Jaffe and Sherry Lansing
Hope and Glory John Boorman
Moonstruck Patrick J. Palmer and Norman Jewison
1988
(61st)
Rain Man Mark Johnson
The Accidental Tourist Lawrence Kasdan, Charles Okun, and Michael Grillo
Dangerous Liaisons Norma Heyman and Hank Moonjean
Mississippi Burning Frederick Zollo and Robert F. Colesberry
Working Girl Douglas Wick
1989
(62nd)
Driving Miss Daisy Richard D. Zanuck and Lili Fini Zanuck
Born on the Fourth of July A. Kitman Ho and Oliver Stone
Dead Poets Society Steven Haft, Paul Junger Witt, and Tony Thomas
Field of Dreams Lawrence Gordon and Charles Gordon
My Left Foot Noel Pearson

1990s[]

Year of Film Release Film Producer(s)
1990
(63rd)
Dances with Wolves Jim Wilson and Kevin Costner
Awakenings Walter Parkes and Lawrence Lasker
Ghost Lisa Weinstein
The Godfather Part III Francis Ford Coppola
Goodfellas Irwin Winkler
1991
(64th)
The Silence of the Lambs Edward Saxon, Kenneth Utt, and Ron Bozman
Beauty and the Beast Don Hahn
Bugsy Mark Johnson, Barry Levinson and Warren Beatty
JFK A. Kitman Ho and Oliver Stone
The Prince of Tides Barbra Streisand and Andrew S. Karsch
1992
(65th)
Unforgiven Clint Eastwood
The Crying Game Stephen Woolley
A Few Good Men David Brown, Rob Reiner, and Andrew Scheinman
Howards End Ismail Merchant
Scent of a Woman Martin Brest
1993
(66th)
Schindler's List Steven Spielberg, Gerald R. Molen, and Branko Lustig
The Fugitive Arnold Kopelson
In the Name of the Father Jim Sheridan
The Piano Jan Chapman
The Remains of the Day Mike Nichols, John Calley, and Ismail Merchant
1994
(67th)
Forrest Gump Wendy Finerman, Steve Tisch, and Steve Starkey
Four Weddings and a Funeral Duncan Kenworthy
Pulp Fiction Lawrence Bender
Quiz Show Michael Jacobs, Julian Krainin, Michael Nozik, and Robert Redford
The Shawshank Redemption Niki Marvin
1995
(68th)
Braveheart Mel Gibson, Alan Ladd Jr., and Bruce Davey
Apollo 13 Brian Grazer
Babe Bill Miller, George Miller, and Doug Mitchell
The Postman (Il Postino) Mario Cecchi Gori, Vittorio Cecchi Gori, and Gaetano Daniele
Sense and Sensibility Lindsay Doran
1996
(69th)
The English Patient Saul Zaentz
Fargo Ethan Coen
Jerry Maguire James L. Brooks, Laurence Mark, Richard Sakai, and Cameron Crowe
Secrets & Lies Simon Channing-Williams
Shine Jane Scott
1997
(70th)
Titanic James Cameron and Jon Landau
As Good as It Gets James L. Brooks, Bridget Johnson, and Kristi Zea
The Full Monty Uberto Pasolini
Good Will Hunting Lawrence Bender
L.A. Confidential Curtis Hanson, Arnon Milchan, and Michael Nathanson
1998
(71st)
Shakespeare in Love David Parfitt, Donna Gigliotti, Harvey Weinstein, Edward Zwick, and Marc Norman
Elizabeth Alison Owen, Eric Fellner and Tim Bevan
Life Is Beautiful Elda Ferri and Gianluigi Braschi
Saving Private Ryan Steven Spielberg, Ian Bryce, Mark Gordon, and Gary Levinsohn
The Thin Red Line Robert Michael Geisler, John Roberdeau, and Grant Hill
1999
(72nd)
American Beauty Bruce Cohen and Dan Jinks
The Cider House Rules Richard N. Gladstein
The Green Mile Frank Darabont and David Valdes
The Insider Pieter Jan Brugge and Michael Mann
The Sixth Sense Frank Marshall, Kathleen Kennedy, and Barry Mendel

2000s[]

Year of Film Release Film Producer(s)
2000
(73rd)
Gladiator Douglas Wick, David Franzoni, and Branko Lustig
Chocolat David Brown, Kit Golden, and Leslie Holleran
Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon William Kong, Hsu Li-kong, and Ang Lee
Erin Brockovich Danny DeVito, Michael Shamberg, and Stacey Sher
Traffic Edward Zwick, Marshall Herskovitz, and Laura Bickford
2001
(74th)
A Beautiful Mind Brian Grazer and Ron Howard
Gosford Park Robert Altman, Bob Balaban, and David Levy
In the Bedroom Graham Leader, Ross Katz, and Todd Field
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring Peter Jackson, Fran Walsh, and Barrie M. Osborne
Moulin Rouge! Martin Brown, Baz Luhrmann, and Fred Baron
2002
(75th)
Chicago Martin Richards
Gangs of New York Alberto Grimaldi and Harvey Weinstein
The Hours Scott Rudin and Robert Fox
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers Barrie M. Osborne, Fran Walsh, and Peter Jackson
The Pianist Roman Polanski, Robert Benmussa, and Alain Sarde
2003
(76th)
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King Barrie M. Osborne, Peter Jackson, and Fran Walsh
Lost in Translation Ross Katz and Sofia Coppola
Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World Samuel Goldwyn Jr., Peter Weir, and Duncan Henderson
Mystic River Robert Lorenz, Judie G. Hoyt, and Clint Eastwood
Seabiscuit Kathleen Kennedy, Frank Marshall, and Gary Ross
2004
(77th)
Million Dollar Baby Clint Eastwood, Albert S. Ruddy, and Tom Rosenberg
The Aviator Michael Mann and Graham King
Finding Neverland Richard N. Gladstein and Nellie Bellflower
Ray Taylor Hackford, Stuart Benjamin, and Howard Baldwin
Sideways Michael London
2005
(78th)
Crash Paul Haggis and Cathy Schulman
Brokeback Mountain Diana Ossana and James Schamus
Capote Caroline Baron, William Vince, and Michael Ohoven
Good Night, and Good Luck Grant Heslov
Munich Steven Spielberg, Kathleen Kennedy, and Barry Mendel
2006
(79th)
The Departed Graham King
Babel Alejandro González Iñárritu, Steve Golin, and Jon Kilik
Letters from Iwo Jima Clint Eastwood, Steven Spielberg, and Robert Lorenz
Little Miss Sunshine David T. Friendly, Peter Saraf, and Marc Turtletaub
The Queen Andy Harries, Christine Langan, and Tracey Seaward
2007
(80th)
No Country for Old Men Scott Rudin, Joel Coen, and Ethan Coen
Atonement Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, and Paul Webster
Juno Lianne Halfon, Mason Novick, and Russell Smith
Michael Clayton Jennifer Fox, Kerry Orent, and Sydney Pollack
There Will Be Blood Paul Thomas Anderson, Daniel Lupi, and JoAnne Sellar
2008
(81st)
Slumdog Millionaire Christian Colson
The Curious Case of Benjamin Button Kathleen Kennedy, Frank Marshall, and Ceán Chaffin
Frost/Nixon Ron Howard, Brian Grazer, and Eric Fellner
Milk Bruce Cohen and Dan Jinks
The Reader Anthony Minghella, Sydney Pollack, Donna Gigliotti, and Redmond Morris
2009
(82nd)
The Hurt Locker Kathryn Bigelow, Mark Boal, Nicolas Chartier, and Greg Shapiro
Avatar James Cameron and Jon Landau
The Blind Side Gil Netter, Andrew A. Kosove, and Broderick Johnson
District 9 Peter Jackson and Carolynne Cunningham
An Education Finola Dwyer and Amanda Posey
Inglourious Basterds Lawrence Bender
Precious: Based on the Novel 'Push' by Sapphire Lee Daniels, Sarah Siegel-Magness, and Gary Magness
A Serious Man Joel Coen and Ethan Coen
Up Jonas Rivera
Up in the Air Daniel Dubiecki, Ivan Reitman, and Jason Reitman

2010s[]

Year of Film Release Film Producer(s)
2010
(83rd)
The King's Speech Iain Canning, Emile Sherman, and Gareth Unwin
127 Hours Danny Boyle, John Smithson, and Christian Colson
Black Swan Scott Franklin, Mike Medavoy, and Brian Oliver
The Fighter David Hoberman, Todd Lieberman, and Mark Wahlberg
Inception Christopher Nolan and Emma Thomas
The Kids Are All Right Gary Gilbert, Jeffrey Levy-Hinte, and Celine Rattray
The Social Network Dana Brunetti, Ceán Chaffin, Michael De Luca, and Scott Rudin
Toy Story 3 Darla K. Anderson
True Grit Joel Coen, Ethan Coen, and Scott Rudin
Winter's Bone Alix Madigan and Anne Rosellini
2011
(84th)
The Artist Thomas Langmann
The Descendants Jim Burke, Alexander Payne, and Jim Taylor
Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close Scott Rudin
The Help Brunson Green, Chris Columbus, and Michael Barnathan
Hugo Graham King and Martin Scorsese
Midnight in Paris Letty Aronson and Stephen Tenenbaum
Moneyball Michael De Luca, Rachael Horovitz, and Brad Pitt
The Tree of Life Sarah Green, Bill Pohlad, Dede Gardner, and Grant Hill
War Horse Steven Spielberg and Kathleen Kennedy
2012
(85th)
Argo Grant Heslov, Ben Affleck, and George Clooney
Amour Margaret Menegoz, Stefan Arndt, Veit Heiduschka, and Michael Katz
Beasts of the Southern Wild Dan Janvey, Josh Penn, and Michael Gottwald
Django Unchained Stacey Sher, Reginald Hudlin, and Pilar Savone
Life of Pi Gil Netter, Ang Lee, and David Womark
Lincoln Steven Spielberg and Kathleen Kennedy
Les Misérables Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, Debra Hayward, and Cameron Mackintosh
Silver Linings Playbook Donna Gigliotti, Bruce Cohen, and Jonathan Gordon
Zero Dark Thirty Mark Boal, Kathryn Bigelow, and Megan Ellison
2013
(86th)
12 Years a Slave Brad Pitt, Dede Gardner, Jeremy Kleiner, Steve McQueen, and Anthony Katagas
American Hustle Charles Roven, Richard Suckle, Megan Ellison, and Jonathan Gordon
Captain Phillips Scott Rudin, Dana Brunetti, and Michael De Luca
Dallas Buyers Club Robbie Brenner and Rachel Winter
Gravity Alfonso Cuarón and David Heyman
Her Megan Ellison, Spike Jonze, and Vincent Landay
Nebraska Albert Berger and Ron Yerxa
Philomena Gabrielle Tana, Steve Coogan, and Tracey Seaward
The Wolf of Wall Street Martin Scorsese, Leonardo DiCaprio, Joey McFarland, and Emma Tillinger Koskoff
2014
(87th)
Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) Alejandro G. Iñárritu, John Lesher, and James W. Skotchdopole
American Sniper Clint Eastwood, Andrew Lazar, Robert Lorenz, Bradley Cooper, and Peter Morgan
Boyhood Richard Linklater and Cathleen Sutherland
The Grand Budapest Hotel Wes Anderson, Scott Rudin, Steven M. Rales, and Jeremy Dawson
The Imitation Game Nora Grossman, Ido Ostrowsky, and Teddy Schwarzman
Selma Christian Colson, Oprah Winfrey, Dede Gardner, and Jeremy Kleiner
The Theory of Everything Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, Lisa Bruce, and Anthony McCarten
Whiplash Jason Blum, Helen Estabrook, and David Lancaster
2015
(88th)
Spotlight Blye Pagon Faust, Steve Golin, Nicole Rocklin, and Michael Sugar
The Big Short Dede Gardner, Jeremy Kleiner, and Brad Pitt
Bridge of Spies Steven Spielberg, Marc Platt, and Kristie Macosko Krieger
Brooklyn Finola Dwyer and Amanda Posey
Mad Max: Fury Road Doug Mitchell and George Miller
The Martian Simon Kinberg, Ridley Scott, Michael Schaefer, and Mark Huffam
The Revenant Arnon Milchan, Steve Golin, Alejandro G. Iñárritu, Mary Parent, and Keith Redmon
Room Ed Guiney
2016
(89th)
Moonlight Adele Romanski, Dede Gardner, and Jeremy Kleiner
Arrival Shawn Levy, Dan Levine, Aaron Ryder, and David Linde
Fences Scott Rudin, Denzel Washington, and Todd Black
Hacksaw Ridge Bill Mechanic and David Permut
Hell or High Water Carla Hacken and Julie Yorn
Hidden Figures Donna Gigliotti, Peter Chernin, Jenno Topping, Pharrell Williams, and Theodore Melfi
La La Land Fred Berger, Jordan Horowitz, and Marc Platt
Lion Emile Sherman, Iain Canning, and Angie Fielder
Manchester by the Sea Matt Damon, Kimberly Steward, Chris Moore, Lauren Beck, and Kevin J. Walsh
2017
(90th)
The Shape of Water Guillermo del Toro and J. Miles Dale
Call Me by Your Name Peter Spears, Luca Guadagnino, Emilie Georges, and Marco Morabito
Darkest Hour Tim Bevan, Eric Fellner, Lisa Bruce, Anthony McCarten, and Douglas Urbanski
Dunkirk Emma Thomas and Christopher Nolan
Get Out Sean McKittrick, Jason Blum, Edward H. Hamm Jr., and Jordan Peele
Lady Bird Scott Rudin, Eli Bush, and Evelyn O'Neill
Phantom Thread JoAnne Sellar, Paul Thomas Anderson, Megan Ellison, and Daniel Lupi
The Post Amy Pascal, Steven Spielberg, and Kristie Macosko Krieger
Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri Graham Broadbent, Pete Czernin, and Martin McDonagh
2018
(91st)
Green Book Jim Burke, Charles B. Wessler, Brian Currie, Peter Farrelly, and Nick Vallelonga
Black Panther Kevin Feige
BlacKkKlansman Sean McKittrick, Jason Blum, Raymond Mansfield, Jordan Peele, and Spike Lee
Bohemian Rhapsody Graham King
The Favourite Ceci Dempsey, Ed Guiney, Lee Magiday, and Yorgos Lanthimos
Roma Gabriela Rodríguez and Alfonso Cuarón
A Star Is Born Bill Gerber, Bradley Cooper, and Lynette Howell Taylor
Vice Dede Gardner, Jeremy Kleiner, Adam McKay, and Kevin Messick
2019
(92nd)
Parasite Kwak Sin-ae and Bong Joon-ho
1917 Sam Mendes, Pippa Harris, Jayne-Ann Tenggren, and Callum McDougall
Ford v Ferrari Peter Chernin, Jenno Topping, and James Mangold
The Irishman Martin Scorsese, Robert De Niro, Jane Rosenthal, and Emma Tillinger Koskoff
Jojo Rabbit Carthew Neal, Taika Waititi, and Chelsea Winstanley
Joker Todd Phillips, Bradley Cooper, and Emma Tillinger Koskoff
Little Women Amy Pascal
Marriage Story Noah Baumbach and David Heyman
Once Upon a Time in Hollywood David Heyman, Shannon McIntosh, and Quentin Tarantino

2020s[]

Year of Film Release Film Producer(s)
2020
(93rd)
Nomadland Frances McDormand, Peter Spears, Mollye Asher, Dan Janvey, and Chloé Zhao
The Father David Parfitt, Jean-Louis Livi, and Philippe Carcassonne
Judas and the Black Messiah Shaka King, Charles D. King, and Ryan Coogler
Mank Ceán Chaffin, Eric Roth, and Douglas Urbanski
Minari Christina Oh
Promising Young Woman Ben Browning, Ashley Fox, Emerald Fennell, and Josey McNamara
Sound of Metal Bert Hamelinck and Sacha Ben Harroche
The Trial of the Chicago 7 Marc Platt and Stuart M. Besser

Individuals with multiple wins[]

Individuals with multiple nominations[]

Production companies with multiple nominations and wins[]

Production Company Nominations Wins
20th Century Studios 62 9
Columbia Pictures 56 12
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer 40 9
Universal Pictures 34 9
Warner Bros. Pictures 25 9
Paramount Pictures 20 11
Searchlight Pictures 19 5
Miramax Films 15 4
DreamWorks 13 4
RKO Pictures 11 1
Focus Features 10 0
Plan B Entertainment 8 3
Samuel Goldwyn Productions 8 1
Orion Pictures 6 4
Touchstone Pictures 6 0
The Weinstein Company 6 2
Selznick International Pictures 5 2
Annapurna Pictures 5 0
Netflix 5 0
A24 4 1
Walt Disney Pictures 4 0
J. Arthur Rank-Two Cities Films 3 1
New Line Cinema 3 1
Cosmopolitan 3 0
Amazon Studios 2 0
Pixar Animation Studios 2 0
Hollywood Pictures 2 0
The Caddo Company 2 0
Walter Wanger (production company) 2 0
Mercury 2 0

Note[]

  • Only three film studios held the most records; Columbia Pictures holds the most wins with 12, 20th Century Studios holds the most nominations with 62, and Focus Features holds the most nominations without a win with 10.

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ The 2nd Academy Awards is unique in being the only occasion where there were no official nominees. Subsequent research by AMPAS has resulted in a list of de facto nominees, based on records of which films were evaluated by the judges at the time.
  2. ^ The Academy also announced that A Farewell to Arms came in second, and Little Women third.
  3. ^ The Academy also announced that The Barretts of Wimpole Street came in second, and The House of Rothschild third.
  4. ^ The Academy also announced that The Informer came in second, and Captain Blood third.

References[]

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  3. ^ "Moonlight wins Best Picture, not La La Land, after Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway gaffe". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2018-01-23.
  4. ^ "The Best Picture Winners of the 21st Century". Indiewire. Retrieved 2018-01-23.
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  6. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Academy Awards Database – Best Picture Winners and Nominees". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 2012-07-01. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
  7. ^ "Why SUNRISE: A SONG OF TWO HUMANS is Essential". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on 2012-04-05. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
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  9. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Academy restricts Oscar winners". BBC. June 26, 2001. Archived from the original on December 14, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c McNary, Dave (January 21, 2008). "PGA avoids credit limit". Variety. Archived from the original on October 24, 2013.
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c "92ND ACADEMY AWARDS OF MERIT" (PDF). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 2019. p. 23. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b Yamato, Jen (January 27, 2009). "Academy Makes Exceptions for Pollack, Minghella Does this mean more Oscar sympathy for surprise nominee The Reader?". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on October 27, 2013. Retrieved October 18, 2013.
  13. ^ "Best Director Facts – Trivia (Part 2)". Filmsite. Archived from the original on 2009-09-01. Retrieved 2009-11-13.
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  15. ^ Buchanan, Kyle (2020-01-22). "10 Years Later, an Oscar Experiment That Actually Worked". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-06-05.
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  17. ^ Phipps, Keith (2020-01-30). "A Decade Ago, the Oscars Looked Down on Superhero Movies. Now One Might Win Best Picture". The Ringer. Retrieved 2020-06-05.
  18. ^ Poll: Vote on the Oscars Like an Academy Member Archived 2012-11-12 at the Wayback Machine, Rob Richie, Huffington Post, 16 February 2011
  19. ^ Steve Pond (2011-06-22). "New Best Picture Rules Could Discard Large Number of Oscar Ballots (Exclusive)". The Wrap. Archived from the original on March 4, 2014. Retrieved January 19, 2014.
  20. ^ Nikki Finke (2011-06-14). "OSCAR SHOCKER! Academy Builds Surprise & Secrecy Into Best Picture Race: Now There Can Be Anywhere From 5 To 10 Nominees". Deadline Hollywood. MMC. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
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  22. ^ Shoard, Catherine (2020-02-10). "Parasite makes Oscars history as first foreign language film to win best picture". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-02-10.
  23. ^ "Everything to Know about Nominee 'Minari'" (2021-03-15). Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2021-07-11.
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External links[]

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