Accession of Serbia to the European Union

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Serbian EU accession bid
European Union Serbia Locator (with internal borders).svg
Status
Candidate
Applied22 December 2009
Approved1 March 2012
AdmittedNo

Entry possible by 2025[1][dubious – discuss]
Website
Progress
Screening Progress
Chapters Closed
Ratification Progress
❌ Not Yet Ratified by All EU Member States
Statistics
EU averageSerbia
PPP GDP ($M)552,780122,750
PPP per capita ($)40,60017,555
Area (km2)165,04888,361
Population18,583,5987,020,858
Politics of Serbia
Coat of arms of Serbia small.svg
Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Elections
Administrative divisions
Foreign relations
Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia portal
  • Other countries
  • v
  • t

The accession of Serbia to the European Union (EU) has been on the current agenda for the future enlargement of the EU since 2012, when it became a candidate for accession. Serbia officially applied for European Union membership on 22 December 2009. Accession negotiations are currently ongoing. Serbia is expected to complete its negotiations by the end of 2024, allowing it to join the Union by 2025.[2]

Until 2020, Serbia had been receiving €2.9bn of developmental aid from the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance, a funding mechanism for EU candidate countries. It is one of five current EU candidate countries, together with Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Turkey.

Identification, Recommendation, and Candidacy[]

See also: Yugoslavia and the European Economic Community

Negotiations with the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (later the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro) intensified following the election defeat and ousting of Slobodan Milošević in 2000, and the EU officially declared the Balkan states potential candidates for membership following the EU-Western Balkans Summit in Thessaloniki on 21 June 2003.[3]

On 7 November 2007, Serbia initiated a Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) with the European Union. The European Commission recommended making Serbia an official candidate on 12 October 2011. After the Council's recommendation of 28 February 2012, Serbia received full candidate status on 1 March. In December 2013, the Council of the European Union approved opening negotiations for Serbia's accession.

Chronology of relations with the EU[]

Timeline hide
Date Event
1998 Regional Approach: the EU Council of Ministers establishes political and economic conditionality for the development of bilateral relations.
June 2003 At the Thessaloniki Summit, the Stabilisation and Association Process is confirmed as the EU policy for the Western Balkans. The EU perspective for these countries is confirmed.
October 2004 European Council conclusions open up a process for a Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SSA).
October 2005 Negotiations for a Stabilisation and Association Agreement are launched.
3 May 2006 SAA negotiations called off due to lack of progress on cooperation with the ICTY.
13 June 2007 SAA negotiations with Serbia resumed, following a clear commitment by the country to achieve full cooperation with the ICTY.
1 November 2007 Serbia's SAA is initialed.
1 January 2008 Entry into force of the Visa Facilitation and Readmission Agreement between Serbia and the EU.
18 February 2008 Council adopts revised European partnership for Serbia.
29 April 2008 The Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) and Interim agreement on trade and trade-related issues between Serbia and the EU are signed in Luxembourg.
19 December 2009 Visa requirement lifted for Serbs travelling to Schengen countries.
22 December 2009 Serbia officially applies for membership in the European Union.
14 June 2010 EU members decide to start SAA ratification process
31 January 2011 Serbia replies to Commission questionnaire
14 October 2011 European Commission delivers its Opinion on Serbia's EU membership application, granting candidate status based on one key priority.
1 March 2012 European Council grants Serbia official candidate status for EU membership
28 June 2013 European Council endorsed the Commission's recommendation to open negotiations with Serbia
1 September 2013 Entry into force of the EU-Serbia Stabilisation and Association Agreement
Status of SAA ratification
25 September 2013 Screening of the acquis started.
17 December 2013 Council adopted the negotiating framework with Serbia and agreed to hold the 1st Intergovernmental Conference with Serbia in January 2014
21 January 2014 1st EU-Serbia Intergovernmental Conference held, signaling official start of negotiations.
25 March 2015 All EU acquis screenings are completed.
14 December 2015 Opening of Chapters 32 "financial control" and 35 "other issues - Item 1: Normalisation of relations between Serbia and Kosovo*"
18 July 2016 Opening of Chapters 23 "Judiciary and fundamental rights" and 24 "Justice, freedom and security"
13 December 2016 Opening of Chapters 5, Public procurement, and 25, Science and Research. Chapter 25, Science and Research, provisionally closed.
27 February 2017 Opening of Chapters 20, Enterprise and industrial policy, and 26, Education and culture. Chapter 26, Education and culture, provisionally closed.
20 June 2017 Opening of Chapters 7, Intellectual property law, and 29, Customs Union.
11 December 2017 Opening of Chapters 6, Company law, and 30, External relations.
25 June 2018 Opening of Chapters 13, Fisheries, and 33, Financial and budgetary provisions.
10 December 2018 Opening of Chapters 17, Economic and monetary policy, and 18, Statistics.
27 June 2019 Opening of Chapter 9, Financial services
9 December 2019 Opening of Chapter 4, Free Movement of Capital
1 February 2021 New Methodology comes into effect

Visa liberalisation process[]

On 1 January 2008, the Visa Facilitation and Readmission Agreement between Serbia and the EU came into effect. On 19 December 2009, Visa requirements were lifted for Serbs travelling to Schengen countries.

Serbia and Kosovo[]

See also: Belgrade–Pristina negotiations, Kosovo–Serbia relations, and Kosovo independence precedent

The biggest obstacle between Serbia's accession to the EU is its strained relationship with Kosovo[citation needed], which declared its independence on 17 February 2008.

The Serbian government has declared that the status of Kosovo should not be tied with the EU negotiations. In September 2012, the EU Enlargement Commissioner, Štefan Füle, denied that the European Union would insist on Serbia's recognition of Kosovo before it can join the organisation.[20]

On 19 April 2013, the governments of Kosovo and Serbia completed the Brussels Agreement, which was hailed as a major step towards normalising relations and enabled the start of EU accession talks with Serbia.[21] On 22 April 2013, the European Commission recommended the start of EU entry talks with Serbia.[22]

In November 2013, Kosovo's Minister of Foreign Affairs Enver Hoxhaj suggested that the EU should approve the accession of Kosovo and Serbia simultaneously due to concerns that if Serbia was admitted first they could veto Kosovo's membership.[23] However, Serbia's accession negotiations were not halted.

In March 2021, the European Parliament adopted a report on Serbia, which, amongst other things, emphasized that the normalization of relationships between Serbia and Kosovo is “a priority and a requirement for EU accession”.[24]

Negotiation progress[]

In 2020, the President of Serbia said that the country is in favor of a new method for EU negotiations. The new method will likely come to effect in early 2021, with Serbia possibly being able to open 2 out of 3 clusters in 2021.

Screening and Chapter Dates
Progression 34 / 34 34 / 34 18 / 34 2 / 34
Acquis Chapter Screening Started Screening Completed Chapter Opened Chapter Closed
Overview 34 out of 34 34 out of 34 18 out of 34 2 out of 34
1. Free Movement of Goods 2014-06-17 2014-09-12 – –
2. Freedom of Movement For Workers 2014-01-23 2014-03-25 – –
3. Right of Establishment & Freedom To Provide Services 2014-01-30 2014-03-13 – –
4. Free Movement of Capital 2014-10-13 2014-12-15 2019-12-10 –
5. Public Procurement 2014-03-21 2014-05-13 2016-12-13 –
6. Company Law 2014-12-11 2015-02-05 2017-12-11 –
7. Intellectual Property Law 2014-09-24 2014-11-13 2017-06-20 –
8. Competition Policy 2014-03-31 2014-11-05 – –
9. Financial Services 2015-01-21 2015-03-17 2019-06-27 –
10. Information Society & Media 2014-05-22 2014-07-02 – –
11. Agriculture & Rural Development 2014-03-18 2014-09-16 – –
12. Food Safety, Veterinary & Phytosanitary Policy 2014-02-03 2014-10-24 – –
13. Fisheries 2014-09-30 2014-11-14 2018-06-25 –
14. Transport Policy 2014-12-16 2015-02-27 – –
15. Energy 2014-04-29 2014-06-12 – –
16. Taxation 2014-10-14 2015-03-06 – –
17. Economic & Monetary Policy 2014-12-02 2015-03-12 2018-12-10 –
18. Statistics 2014-05-20 2014-11-26 2018-12-10 –
19. Social Policy & Employment 2014-02-10 2014-06-26 – –
20. Enterprise & Industrial Policy 2014-04-03 2014-07-02 2017-02-27 –
21. Trans-European Networks 2014-04-29 2015-02-27 – –
22. Regional Policy & Coordination of Structural Instruments 2014-10-01 2015-01-29 – –
23. Judiciary & Fundamental Rights 2013-09-25 2013-12-10 2016-07-18 –
24. Justice, Freedom & Security 2013-10-02 2013-12-13 2016-07-18 –
25. Science & Research 2014-10-06 2014-12-01 2016-12-13 2016-12-13
26. Education & Culture 2014-02-20 2014-04-04 2017-02-27 2017-02-27
27. Environment 2014-09-15 2014-11-21 – –
28. Consumer & Health Protection 2014-12-04 2015-02-04 – –
29. Customs Union 2014-03-26 2014-06-04 2017-06-20 –
30. External Relations 2014-07-02 2014-10-09 2017-12-11 –
31. Foreign, Security & Defence Policy 2014-07-15 2014-10-10 – –
32. Financial Control 2013-10-17 2013-11-26 2015-12-14 –
33. Financial & Budgetary Provisions 2015-01-27 2015-03-24 2018-06-25 –
34. Institutions – – – –
35. Other Issues: Relations with Kosovo* 2014-01-22 2015-03-25 2015-12-14 –
Progression 34 / 34 34 / 34 18 / 34 2 / 34
October 2020 European Commission Report[25]
Progression
  • 16 Unopened Chapters
  • 18 Open Chapters
  • 2 Closed Chapters
 Some level of preparation
5 / 34
Further efforts needed
1 / 34
Moderately prepared
22 / 34
Good level of preparation
6 / 34
Acquis chapter Chapter Status Acquis Status
1. Free Movement of Goods Unopened Moderately prepared
2. Freedom of Movement For Workers Unopened Moderately prepared
3. Right of Establishment & Freedom To Provide Services Unopened Moderately prepared
4. Free Movement of Capital Open Moderately prepared
5. Public Procurement Open Moderately prepared
6. Company Law Open Good level of preparation
7. Intellectual Property Law Open Good level of preparation
8. Competition Policy Unopened Moderately prepared
9. Financial Services Open Moderately prepared
10. Information Society & Media Unopened Moderately prepared
11. Agriculture & Rural Development Unopened Some level of preparation
12. Food Safety, Veterinary & Phytosanitary Policy Unopened Moderately prepared
13. Fisheries Open Moderately prepared
14. Transport Policy Unopened Good level of preparation
15. Energy Unopened Moderately prepared
16. Taxation Unopened Moderately prepared
17. Economic & Monetary Policy Open Moderately prepared
18. Statistics Open Moderately prepared
19. Social Policy & Employment Unopened Moderately prepared
20. Enterprise & Industrial Policy Open Moderately prepared
21. Trans-European Networks Unopened Moderately prepared
22. Regional Policy & Coordination of Structural Instruments Unopened Moderately prepared
23. Judiciary & Fundamental Rights Open Some level of preparation
24. Justice, Freedom & Security Open Some level of preparation
25. Science & Research Chapter Closed Good level of preparation
26. Education & Culture Chapter Closed Good level of preparation
27. Environment & Climate Change Unopened Some level of preparation
28. Consumer & Health Protection Unopened Moderately prepared
29. Customs Union Open Good level of preparation
30. External Relations Open Moderately prepared
31. Foreign, Security & Defence Policy Unopened Moderately prepared
32. Financial Control Open Moderately prepared
33. Financial & Budgetary Provisions Open Some level of preparation
34. Institutions Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia
35. Other Issues - Normalisation with Kosovo Open Further efforts needed
Legend:

Chapters in bold indicate completed chapters.

  totally incompatible   early stage   considerable efforts needed   some level of preparation   further efforts needed   moderately prepared   no major difficulties expected   good level of preparation   well prepared / well advanced

Report History
Acquis chapter 2010[26] 2012[27] 2013[28] 2014[29] 2015[30] 2016[31] 2018[32] 2019[33] 2020[34]
1. Free Movement of Goods Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
2. Freedom of Movement For Workers Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
3. Right of Establishment & Freedom To Provide Services Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
4. Free Movement of Capital Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
5. Public Procurement Considerable efforts needed Considerable efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
6. Company Law Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation
7. Intellectual Property Law Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation
8. Competition Policy Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Good level of preparation Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
9. Financial Services Considerable efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
10. Information Society & Media Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
11. Agriculture & Rural Development Early stage Early stage Considerable efforts needed Considerable efforts needed Early stage Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation
12. Food Safety, Veterinary & Phytosanitary Policy Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
13. Fisheries Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
14. Transport Policy Some level of preparation Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation
15. Energy Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
16. Taxation Further efforts needed Considerable efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
17. Economic & Monetary Policy Further efforts needed Considerable efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
18. Statistics Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
19. Social Policy & Employment Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
20. Enterprise & Industrial Policy Some level of preparation Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
21. Trans-European Networks Considerable efforts needed Considerable efforts needed Considerable efforts needed Some level of preparation Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
22. Regional Policy & Coordination of Structural Instruments Considerable efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
23. Judiciary & Fundamental Rights Considerable efforts needed Some level of preparation Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation
24. Justice, Freedom & Security Considerable efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation
25. Science & Research Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation
26. Education & Culture Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Some level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation
27. Environment Early stage Considerable efforts needed Considerable efforts needed Some level of preparation Early stage Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Some level of preparation
28. Consumer & Health Protection Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
29. Customs Union Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation Good level of preparation
30. External Relations Some level of preparation Some level of preparation Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
31. Foreign, Security & Defence Policy Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Further efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
32. Financial Control Early stage Early stage Considerable efforts needed Considerable efforts needed Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared Moderately prepared
33. Financial & Budgetary Provisions Early stage Early stage Early stage Early stage Early stage Early stage Early stage Some level of preparation Some level of preparation
34. Institutions Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia Currently not applicable for Serbia
35. Other Issues Normalisation with Kosovo Early stage Early stage Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed Further efforts needed
Legend:

Chapters in bold indicate completed chapters.   totally incompatible   early stage   considerable efforts needed   some level of preparation   further efforts needed   moderately prepared   no major difficulties expected   good level of preparation   well prepared / well advanced

Clusters of negotiating chapters[35]
Clusters Acquis Chapter State of Play Cluster Opened Cluster Closed
Overview Overview 18 out of 34 1 out of 6 0 out of 6
Fundamentals 23. Judiciary & Fundamental Rights Opened Opened –
24. Justice, Freedom & Security Opened
Economic criteria –
Functioning of democratic institutions –
Public administration reform –
5. Public Procurement Opened
18. Statistics Opened
32. Financial Control Opened
Internal Market 1. Free Movement of Goods Opening benchmarks to be implemented – –
2. Freedom of Movement For Workers Under examination in the Council
3. Right of Establishment & Freedom To Provide Services Under examination in the Council
4. Free Movement of Capital Opened
6. Company Law Opened
7. Intellectual Property Law Opened
8. Competition Policy Opening benchmarks to be implemented
9. Financial Services Opened
28. Consumer & Health Protection Serbia to submit its position
Competitiveness

and inclusive growth

10. Information Society & Media Serbia to submit its position – –
16. Taxation Opening benchmarks to be implemented
17. Economic & Monetary Policy Opened
19. Social Policy & Employment Opening benchmarks assessment report under examination in the Council
20. Enterprise & Industrial Policy Opened
25. Science & Research Closed
26. Education & Culture Closed
29. Customs Union Opened
Green agenda

and sustainable connectivity

14. Transport Policy Under examination in the Council – –
15. Energy Opening benchmarks to be implemented
21. Trans-European Networks Under examination in the Council
27. Environment Under examination in the Council
Resources, agriculture

and cohesion

11. Agriculture & Rural Development Opening benchmarks assessment report under examination in the Council – –
12. Food Safety, Veterinary & Phytosanitary Policy Opening benchmarks to be implemented
13. Fisheries Opened
22. Regional Policy & Coordination of Structural Instruments Opening benchmarks assessment report under examination in the Council
33. Financial & Budgetary Provisions Opened
External relations 30. External Relations Opened – –
31. Foreign, Security & Defence Policy Screening report under examination in the Council
34. Institutions – – –
35. Other Issues: Relations with Kosovo* Opened – –

Public opinion[]

The results of opinion polling vary drastically depending on the question asked. An August 2017 poll recorded that 51.2% were in favour of joining the EU, 36.3% were against and 12.5% undecided. However, the same poll also asked: "if recognition the independence of Kosovo were a condition of joining the EU, do you think that condition should be accepted?", to which 12.1% answered yes, 70.6% no and 17.3% were undecided.[36]

Data by the Serbian Ministry of European Integration
Date Question Yes No Undecided
September 2002[37] Join EU? 68% 13% 19%
December 2003[37] Join EU? 72% 8% 20%
September 2004[37] Join EU? 71% 12% 17%
September 2005[37] Join EU? 64% 12% 24%
September 2006[37] Join EU? 70% 12% 18%
June 2007[38] Join EU? 69% 15% 15%
June 2008[39] Join EU? 67% 12% 21%
October 2008[39] Join EU? 65% % %
December 2008[40] Join EU? 61% 13% 26%
May 2009[41] Join EU? 61% 17% 22%
December 2009[42] Join EU? 65% 14% 21%
June 2010[43] Join EU? 65% 15% 20%
December 2010[44] Join EU? 57% 18% 25%
May 2011[39] Join EU? 55% 27% 18%
June 2011[45][46] Join EU? 53% 24% 23%
September 2011[47][48] Join EU? 46% 37% 17%
December 2011[49][50] Join EU? 51% 28% 21%
December 2012[51] Join EU? 41% 31% 27%
July 2013[52] Join EU? 50% 24% 26%
December 2013[53] Join EU? 51% 22% 27%
June 2014[54] Join EU? 46% 19% 35%
December 2014[55] Join EU? 44% 25% 31%
June 2015[56] Join EU? 49% 28% 23%
December 2015[57] Join EU? 48% 28% 24%
June 2016[58] Join EU? 41% 24% 35%
December 2016[59] Join EU? 47% 29% 24%
June 2017[60] Join EU? 49% 27% 24%
December 2017[61] Join EU? 52% 24% 24%
July 2018[62] Join EU? 55% 21% 24%
December 2018[63] Join EU? 55% 25% 20%
July 2019[64] Join EU? 53% 25% 22%
December 2019[65] Join EU? 54% 24% 22%
Other Sources on Serbian Support for EU Accession
Date Agency Question Yes No Undecided
2006[66] Gallup Balkan Monitor Join EU? 61% % %
October 2008[67] Strategic Marketing Join EU? 61% % %
November 2010[68] Gallup Balkan Monitor Join EU? 63% % %
March 2012[69] B92/Ipsos Strategic Marketing Join EU? 49% 34% 5%
July 2013[70] Ipsos Strategic Marketing Join EU? 53% % %
December 2014[71] EU Delegation to Serbia Join EU? 57% 28% 15%
December 2014[72] Eurobarometer Join EU? 58% 26% 16%
August 2017[73] NSPM Join EU? 51.2% 36.3% 12.5%

Impact of joining[]

Member countries Population[74] Area (km²) GDP
(billion US$)[75] 		GDP
per capita (US$) 		Languages
Serbia Serbia 6,963,764 88,361 58,33 18,840 Serbian
EU27 446,824,564 4,138,881 17,267 38,643 24
EU27+1 453,788,328
(+1.54%) 		4,227,242
(+2.09%) 		17,318
(+0.66%) 		38,301
(−0.89%) 		25
(+1)

See also[]

References[]

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Further reading[]

  • Radojičić, Mirjana S. (2015). "Evropska unija i Kosovsko pitanje - međunarodno-etička perspektiva". Zbornik Radova Filozofskog Fakulteta u Prištini. 45 (1): 167–184. doi:10.5937/zrffp45-7157.
  • Samardžić, Slobodan (2009). Samardžić, Slobodan (ed.). "The Kosovo-Metohija problem from the European integrations angle". Serbia in the European Union Association Process, Službeni Glasnik: 193–238.
  • Jovanović Nadica; Gardašević Jovana; Vapa-Tankosić Jelena (2015). "Strategija procesa proširenja Evropske unije i društveno-ekonomski efekti integracije Republike Srbije". Poslovna Ekonomija. 9 (2): 191–212.
  • Gajić, Tamara (2015). "Ulazak Srbije u EU, civilno društvo i politička kultura". Politikon. 10: 119–131.

External links[]

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