Alids

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Alids (Arabic: بنو علي)
Ahl al-Bayt of Banu Hashim of the Quraysh of the Adnaniyyun of Banu Ismail
The name of Ali, respectively written in the Hagia Sophia Mosque, Turkey
Nisba	al-Alawi
Location	Arabia (majority) Middle East North Africa Central Asia Horn of Africa South Asia Southeast Asia
Descended from	Ali ibn Abi Talib (Ahl al-Bayt)
Branches	Sayyid tribes Banu Hasan Banu Husayn Banu Zaynab (maternal) Alvi tribes Banu Muhammad al-Akbar Banu Abbas Alemdar Muhammad-Uddin Nawabs Awans
Religion	Islam

Part of a series on
Ali
Views Sunni view of Ali Shia view of Ali
Life Birthplace First Fitna Assassination Timeline of Ali's life Alids Event of Ghadir Khumm
Legacy Nahj al-Balagha Al-Ghadir Qalam-e-Mowla Zulfiqar Imam Ali Mosque Ghurar al-Hikam wa Durar al-Kalim
Perspectives Military career of Ali Ali as Caliph The Fourteen Infallibles Imam (The Twelve Imams) Ali in the Quran
Burial places Imam Ali Shrine Hazrat Ali Mazar
Related articles Rashidun Caliph Succession to Muhammad Great Mosque of Kufa
Category  Islam portal
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The Alids (Arabic: بني علي, Bani Ali) are an Islamic community and a part of Ahl al-Bayt, found predominantly in the Arab world and other Middle Eastern countries. Alids are accepted as the descendants of Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, cousin and son-in-law of Islamic prophet Muhammad, through all his wives (through some branches such as Sayyids including the Hasanids, Husaynids and Zaynabids, and Alvis, including the Awans).^[1]: 31

History[]

Primarily Sunnis in the Arab world reserve the term sharif or "sherif" for descendants of Hasan ibn Ali, while sayyid is used for descendants of Husayn ibn Ali. Both Hasan and Husayn are grandchildren of Muhammad, through the marriage of his cousin Ali and his daughter Fatimah. However ever since the post-Hashemite era began, the term sayyid has been used to denote descendants from both Hasan and Husayn. Arab Shiites use the terms sayyid and habib to denote descendants from both Hasan and Husayn; see also ashraf.

To try to resolve the confusion surrounding the descendants of Muhammad, the Ottoman Caliphs during the 19th Century C.E. attempted to replicate the Almanach de Gotha (the tome listing the noble houses of Europe) to show known and verifiable lines of descent. Although not 100% complete in its scope (some lines might have been excluded due to lack of proof, although no false lines are included) the resulting "Kitab al-Ashraf" (Book of the Sharifs), kept at the Topkapı Palace museum in Istanbul is one of the best sources of evidence of descent from Muhammad.

The Awans are descended from Ali's sons, Abbas ibn Ali and Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah.

Lines[]

There are several dynasties of Alid origin (under two main branches; Sayyids and Alvis):

• Ali ibn Abi Talib
  • Sayyids (by Fatimah bint Muhammad), descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, through the marriage of his cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib and his daughter Fatima
    • Hasan ibn Ali
      • Zayd ibn Hasan
        • Hasan ibn Zayd of the Zaydid dynasty of Tabaristan (Alavids)
      • Hasan al-Muthanna ibn Hasan
        • Abdullah al-Kamil ibn Hasan al-Muthanna
          • Musa al-Jawn ibn Abdullah al-Kamil
            • Ibrahim ibn Musa al-Jawn
              • Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Ukhaidhir ibn Ibrahim of the Ukhaydhirite dynasty of Al-Yamamah
            • Abdullah al-Salih ibn Musa al-Jawn
              • Musa al-Thani ibn Abdullah al-Salih
                • Banu Qatadah/Hashemites
                  • Sharifs of Mecca
                  • Kings of Jordan
                  • Kings of Iraq
                  • Kings of Hejaz
                  • Kings of Syria
              • Sulayman ibn Abdullah al-Salih of the Sulaymanid Sharifs of Mecca and Jizan
          • Ja'far ibn Abdullah al-Kamil of the Sharifs of Sousse, Tunisia
          • Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya ibn Abdullah al-Kamil of the Alaouite dynasty of Morocco
            • Saadid dynasty of Morocco
          • Idris al-Akbar ibn Abdullah al-Kamil of the Idrisid dynasty of Morocco
            • Hammudid dynasty of Algeciras, Málaga, Seville and Emirate of Granada
            • Senussids of Libya
          • Sulayman ibn Abdullah al-Kamil of the Sulaymanid dynasty of Tlemcen, Archgoul, Ténès (West-Algeria)^[2]
        • Da'wud ibn Hasan al-Muthanna
          • Sulayman ibn Da'wud of the Sulaymanid dynasty
        • Ibrahim al-Ghamr ibn Hasan al-Muthanna
          • Isma'il ibn Ibrahim al-Ghamr
            • Ibrahim Tabataba ibn Isma'il
              • Al-Qasim al-Rassi ibn Ibrahim Tabataba of the Rassid dynasty of Yemen
    • Husayn ibn Ali
      • Imams in Isma'ilism
      • Fatimids (claimed)
        • • Imams in Nizarism
      • Bukhari Sayyids of Bukhara
        • Baha' al-Din Naqshband, the founder of the Naqshbandi order.
      • The Tolje'lo and Guled dynasties of the Isaaq Sultanate as well as the Ainanshe dynasty of the Habr Yunis Sultanate through Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed (founder and forefather of the Isaaq clan-family)^[3][4][5]
      • The Safavid dynasty claims descent from Husayn ibn Ali, sharing the first five original rulers with the Fatimids.^[6] Many scholars have cast doubt on this claim, and there seems to be consensus among scholars that the Safavid family hailed from Persian Kurdistan.^[7][8]
      • Al Qasimi (Qawasim) dynasty of Sharjah and Ras al-Khaimah, claims descent from the 10th Imam, Ali al-Hadi.
      • Descendants of saint Syed Ghulam Sadaat Dehlavi, a direct descendant of Ali ar-Ridha (includes some of the Qazi Ansaris and Muhammad-Uddin Alvis as well, through the marriage)
        • Descendants of Sayyid Husayn Askari (includes some of the Ansaris or the descendants of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari as well, through the marriage)
  • Alvis (By other wives of Caliph Ali), the descendants of Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib through his wives after Fatima
    • Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah
      • Several Awans of Northern Pakistan, from the reign of Ghaznavids
    • Abbas ibn Ali
      • Qutb Shah
        • • Avans or Avanoğlus of Turkey
          • Nawabs of Kalabagh
          • Awans of Chakwal, Talagang and Attock
    • Muhammad-Uddin Nawabs of Hyderabad Deccan
  • Sayyid lineage of Banu Tamim
    • Shayh Edebali, closer friend of Ertuğrul
      • Bala Hatun, wife of Sultan Osman I and mother of Alaeddin Paşa (it is merely not confirmed whether she was the mother of Sultan Orhan I or not).
        • Ottoman dynasty (disputed)
  • Saltukids

Genealogical trees[]

Simplified Alid Interrelationships as presented in Burke's Peerage

This is a table of the interrelationships between the different parts of the Alid dynasties:^[9]

Below is a simplified family tree of Hasan and Husayn ibn Ali. For the ancestors of ibn Ali see the family tree of Muhammad and the family tree of Ali. People in italics are considered by the majority of Sunni and Shia Muslims to be Ahl al-Bayt (People of the House). The Twelver Shia also see the 4th to 12th Imamah as Ahl al-Bayt.

Family tree of Hasan ibn Ali[]

The Hashemites of Sharifate of Mecca, Kings of Jordan, Syria and Iraq are descended from Hasan ibn Ali:^{[dubious – discuss]}

Genealogical tree of the Hashemite family showing their descent from Muhammad,^{[12] [13]} which is contradictory to the previous family tree of Hasan ibn Ali in some parts.

^{[14] [15] [16]}

The Alaouites, Kings of Morocco, are also descended from Hasan ibn Ali through Al-Hassan Ad-Dakhil^{[dubious – discuss]}:

Genealogical tree of the Alouite family showing their descent from Muhammad.^[17][18]

Genealogoical chart of the descent from Muhammad of the Idrisid dynasty, rulers of Fez and Morocco, Kings of Tunis, and the Senussi dynasty, founders and heads of the Libyan Senussi Order and Kings of Libya are also descended from Hasan ibn Ali through Idris al-Azhar.

Genealogical tree of the Idrisid and the Senussi family showing their descent from Muhammad.^[18]

Family tree of Husayn ibn Ali[]

The kin which ruled over Medina were descended from the other brother Husayn ibn Ali.

Family tree of Abbas ibn Ali[]

This is a simplified family tree of Abbas ibn Ali.

See also[]

• Family tree of Muhammad
• Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters
• Family tree of Ali
• Descendants of Ali ibn Abi Talib
• Family tree of Hasan ibn Ali
• Family tree of Husayn ibn Ali
• Rashidun
• Turkification

References[]

External links[]

• Descendants of Ali ibn Abi Talib (Dynastie des Alides, in French):[1]
• Moroccan branch of the Alids (among which the members of the (royal) Alaouite dynasty of Morocco): [2]
• Idrisid branch of the Alids (among which the members of the (royal) Idrissid dynasty of Morocco): [3]
• Fatimid branch [4]