Family tree of Ali

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Legacy Nahj al-Balagha Al-Ghadir Qalam-e-Mowla Zulfiqar Imam Ali Mosque Ghurar al-Hikam wa Durar al-Kalim
Perspectives Military career of Ali Ali as Caliph The Fourteen Infallibles Imam (The Twelve Imams) Ali in the Quran
Burial places Imam Ali Shrine Hazrat Ali Mazar
Related articles Rashidun Caliph Succession to Muhammad Great Mosque of Kufa
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The Ottomans were officially from Hanafi-Sunni branch of Islam, the names of two sons of Fatimah and Ali were inscribed inside all of their mosques. An example of this is the writings of Hasan and Husayn, two grandchildren of Muhammad by the calligrapher Kazasker Mustafa Izzet Efendi with Islamic calligraphy in Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey.

Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: عَلِي ابْن أَﺑِﻲ طَالِب, 599 – 661 ACE) was an early^[a] Islamic leader. Ali is revered by Sunni Muslims as the fourth Rightly Guided Caliphs, and as a foremost religious authority on the Qur'an and Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence). Shi'a Muslims consider him the First Imam appointed by the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the first rightful caliph. Ali was the cousin of Muhammad, and after marriage to Fatimah he also became Muhammad's son-in-law.

His father was Abu Talib and his mother was Fatimah bint Asad, but he was raised in the household of Muhammad, who himself was raised by Abu Talib, Muhammad's uncle. When Muhammad reported receiving a divine revelation, Ali was one of the first believers in Islam at the age of 12, dedicating his life to the cause of Islam.^[4][5][6]

Ali had five children with Muhammad's daughter Fatimah: Al-Hasan, Al-Husayn, Zaynab and Umm Kulthum.^[7] After Fatimah's death, he married Umamah, the daughter of Zainab the elder daughter of Muhammad, and had two sons with her: Hilal (also known as "Muhammad al-Awsat or Muhammad the Middle"), and 'Awn.^[8] His other well-known sons were Abbas ibn Ali, born to Umm al-Banin Fatimah bint Hizam, and Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah,^[9] from Khawlah bint Ja'far, another wife from the central Arabian tribe of Banu Hanifah, whom Ali had also married after Fatimah's death.

Hasan, born in 625, is the second Shia Imam and he also assumed the role of caliph for several months after Ali's death. In the year AH 50 he died after being poisoned by a member of his own household who, according to historians, had been motivated by Mu'awiyah.^[10] Husayn, born in 626, was the third Shia Imam, whom Mu'awiyah persecuted severely. On the tenth day of Muharram, of the year 680, Husayn lined up before the army of the caliph with his small band of followers and nearly all of them were killed in the Battle of Karbala. The anniversary of his death is called the Day of Ashura and it is a day of mourning and religious observance for Shia Muslims.^[11] In this battle some of Ali's other sons were killed. Al-Tabari has mentioned their names in his history: Abbas ibn Ali, the holder of Husayn's standard, Ja'far, Abdullah and Uthman, the four sons born to Umm al-Banin; Abu Bakr (also known as "Muhammad al-Asghar or Muhammad the Younger"). There is, however, some doubt as to whether the last died in the battle.^[12] Some historians have added the names of Ali's other sons who were killed at Karbala, including Ibrahim, Umar and Abdullah ibn Al-Asqar.^[13][14] His daughter Zaynab—who was in Karbala—was captured by Yazid's army and later played a great role in revealing what happened to Husayn and his followers.^[15] Ali's descendants by Fatimah are known as sharifs, sayeds or sayyids. These are honorific titles in Arabic, sharif meaning 'noble' and sayed or sayyid meaning 'lord' or 'sir'. As Muhammad's descendants, they are respected by both Sunnis and Shi'ites.^[7]

Both of his sons by Umamah bint Zaynab, that is Hilal and 'Awn, died in Iran, with the latter having been martyred in a battle against Qays ibn Murrah (the governor of Khorasan), and the former dying naturally.^[8]

Ali's descendants through his son Abbas are known as Awans or Alvis. Today, most of them reside in modern-day Arab world. They are descendants of Qutb Shah who is a direct descendant of Ali, and his lineage is traced as Qutb Shah (Awn) ibn Yaala ibn Hamza ibn Qasim ibn Tayyar ibn Qasim ibn Ali ibn Ja'far ibn Hamza ibn al-Hasan ibn Ubaydullah ibn Abbas ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib.^{[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]}

The Isaaq clan-family in Somaliland and Ethiopia claims descendant to Ali through its forefather Sheikh Ishaaq.^[25][26][27]

Family tree (graphical)[]

Family tree (textual)[]

Paternal grand father: Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, see Family tree of Abd al-Muttalib

Paternal grand mother: Fatimah bint Amr

Father: Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib

Mother: Fatimah bint Asad

Brother: Ja'far ibn Abi Talib

Nephew: Awn ibn Ja'far — married Umm Kulthum bint Ali

Nephew: Muhammad ibn Ja'far — married Umm Kulthum bint Ali

Nephew: Abdullah ibn Ja'far — married Zaynab bint Ali and Umm Kulthum bint Ali

Grand Nephews: Awn ibn Abdullah and Muhammad ibn Abdullah — died at the Battle of Karbala

Brother: Aqeel ibn Abi Talib

Nephew: Muslim ibn Aqeel — died before the Battle of Karbala — (kufa)

Grand Nephews: Muhammad ibn Muslim and Ibraheem ibn Muslim — died before the Battle of Karbala

Brother: Talib ibn Abi Talib

Sister: Fakhitah bint Abi Talib

Sister: Jumanah bint Abi Talib

Paternal uncle: Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib

Paternal uncle: Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib — father of Muhammad

Paternal aunt: Aminah bint Wahb — mother of Muhammad

Cousin: Muhammad

Cousin's daughters: Fatimah, Zainab , Ruqayyah , Umm Kulthum

Cousin's sons: Qasim, Abdullah, Ibrahim

Mother in law(s) : Khadija through Fatimah.

Zainab through Umamah.

Brother-in-law(s): Uthman through Ruqayyah & Umm Kulthum

Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi' through Zainab

Himself: Ali

Descendants[]

Descendants (graphical)[]

The Sayyid Aljabery family of southern Iraq are descendants of Ali from his son Imam Husayn. The Bukhari of Pakistan are Syed descendends of Ali, and includes 9 of the 12 Shia imams. The Idrisid and Alaouite dynasties of Morocco claim to be descended from Ali and Fatimah. The descendants of Ali include the Hashemite royal family of Jordan,^[36] the Isaaq clan-family in Somaliland and Ethiopia,^[25][26][27] the Husseini family of Lebanon, the Hiraki family of Syria and Egypt, the Alaouite royal family of Morocco and the Ashrafs of the city of Harar, Mashwanis and Awans (also referred as Alvis) of Pakistan. Other prominent descendants include: Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, Abdullah al-Aftah, Ali al-Uraidhi ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, Muhammad Ibn Qasim (al-Alawi), Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq, Yahya ibn Umar, Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi and Ibn Dihya al-Kalby.

Lineage of Husayn ibn Ali[]

This is a simplified family tree of Husayn ibn Ali. People in italics are considered by the majority of Shia and Sunni Muslims to be Ahl al-Bayt (People of the House). Twelver Shia also see the 4th to 12th Imams as Ahl al-Bayt (Ali is an imam in Mustaali but no number is assigned for this position, and Hasan ibn Ali is not an Imam in Nizari Imamah).

Lineage of Abbas ibn Ali[]

This is a simplified family tree of Abbas ibn Ali.

See also[]

• Alavi (surname)
• Alid
• Alaouite dynasty, current rulers of Morocco
• Ancestry of Qusai ibn Kilab
• Awan
• Banu Hashim
• Banu Kinanah
• Descent from Adnan to Muhammad
• Family tree of Muhammad
• Family tree of Shaiba ibn Hashim
• Fatimid Caliphate, rulers of Egypt
• Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters
• Hashemite
• Hasanids
• Husaynids
• Idrisid dynasty, rulers of Morocco
• Mudhar
• Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, Ali's adopted son
• Quraysh tribe
• Sayyid
• Sharif

Notes[]

References[]