Ruqayyah bint Husayn

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Ruqayyah ibnat Al-Husayn رُقَيَّة بِنْت ٱلْحُسَيْن
Sayyidah Ruqayya Mosque, Damascus, Syria
Born	20 Rajab, 56 AH (676 CE)
Died	13 safar, 60 / 61 AH (680 / 681 CE)[1] Damascus, Shaam
Resting place	Sayyidah Ruqayya Mosque, Damascus
Parents	Husayn ibn Ali (father) Rubab bint Imra al-Qais (mother)

Ruqayyah bint Al-Ḥusayn^[2] (Arabic: رُقَيَّة بِنْت ٱلْحُسَيْن‎, born on the 20th of Rajab, 56 AH – 5 Rabi' al-Thani, 60 / 61 AH or 676 CE; died on the 13th of Safar, 60 / 61 AH or 680 / 681 CE),^[1] was the daughter of Husayn ibn Ali and Rubab bint Imra al-Qais.^[3] Her brothers included Ali Zayn al-Abidin, Ali al-Akbar, and Ali al-Asghar. Her sisters included Fatimah as-Sughra and Fatimah al-Kubra, with the latter also being called 'Sakinah'.^{[4][5][6][7][8]}

Life[]

Ruqayya (Arabic: رقيّة‎) is an Arabic female given name that means to "rise, ascent, ascending", "chant or recite Divine Words". It is derived either from Arabic "ruqia" meaning "rise, ascent" or from "ruqyah", meaning "spell, charm, incantation".^[9] According to Najm al-Din Tabasi, the name of the fourth daughter of Husayn is Ruqayyah.^[10][11] The name of Ruqayya and the events that took place for her in the ruins of Sham were mentioned in other books include Kamil Baha'i by Imad al-Din Tabari, Bihar al-Anwar by Mohammad-Baqer Majlesi, and Lohoof by Sayyed Ibn Tawus.^{[12][13][14][15]} However, in mentioning the names of the children of Husayn, Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid mentioned just two daughters named Fatimah and Sukainah for Husayn.^[15] After the Battle of the Karbala, she was taken to Suriya with other members family of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, and the heads of those murdered by the forces of Yazid as a captive.^[16][17]Taking hadith and history sources into consideration, a daughter of Husayn (who was named Ruqayya or Fatimah) passed away near the head of her father in the ruins of Sham.^[18][19] According to different narrations, she was three, four,at the time of her death.^[20][21]

Narrative[]

An Iranian child in Mourning of Muharram, with a red Headband written "O Ruqayyah"

The story of Ruqayya is one of the many emotional stories that Muslims tell about Husayn and his martyrdom at the hands of Yazid's troops. The Battle of Karbala and the subsequent events at the court of Yazid are explained and mourned annually during the commemoration of the 10th of Muharram, also known as "'Ashura'".

Journey to Iraq and Shaam[]

Hall of Yazid Mahal where Ruqayya died weeping over her father's head

She accompanied her father when he traveled from Mecca to Kufah in Iraq. On the 2nd of Muharram, 61 AH (680 CE), Husain and 72 of his family members and companions were forced to camp in the plains of Karbala by Yazid's army of 30,000 men.^[22] Yazid ibn Muawiyyah was the practical Caliph who desired religious authority by obtaining the allegiance of Husain, but the Imam would not give up his principles.^[23] On the 10th of Muharram, the Imam's household was attacked, a number of his companions were killed, and the survivors were made captives. The survivors included the Imam's sisters, wife, and daughters, including Sukayna, relatives of companions of the Imam, and his son, Ali Zaynul-Abidin, who did not participate in the battle, due to an illness. Sukayna, as with others, had been grieved over the killings.^[24] They had also suffered from thirst.^[25]

The survivors were marched by Yazid's army from Karbala to Kufah, where Sukayna received water from a sympathetic woman, and then to Damascus in Shaam. There was a lack of pity on the captors' part during the journey. Even at these times of hardship and misery, Ruqayyah was sympathetic to others, such as her mother, whom she consoled her mother on the death of Ali al-Asghar.^[25][26][27]

Death[]

Zaynab, Ruqayyah, and the other survivors of Husayn's army, most of them women and children, were marched to Damascus, Yazid's capital, where they were held captive.^[28][29][30]

Mosque[]

According to Shia Islamic narrations that are commemorated every year on the occasion of Ashura, after enduring the Battle of Karbala and the torturous journey to Damascus that followed it, Sukaynah died at the age of four weeping over her father's head in Yazid palace hall where prisoner were initially stayed and, her body was originally buried at nearby site. Centuries later, an ʿĀlim (Arabic: عَالِم‎, Scholar) had a dream in which Sukayna asked him to move her body from the grave to another site, due to water pouring into her grave. He and some people opened the grave, and saw that ground water was indeed entering the grave, besides that her body was still intact. Sukayna's body was moved from its original burial place, the dungeon, and reburied where her Mosque is now located.^[31][32]

The mosque was built around the mausoleum in 1985 and exhibits a modern version of Iranian architecture, with substantial amount of mirror and gold work. There is a small mosque area adjoining the shrine room, along with a small courtyard in front. This mosque is found a short distance from the Umayyad Mosque and the Al-Hamidiyah Souq in central Damascus.^[32]

• Sayyidah Ruqayya Mosque
• 

  View of the courtyard

• 

  Prayer hall

• 

  Grave of Sayyidah Ruqayyah

• 

  A chandelier in the mosque

• 

  Zarih

• 

  The zarih with a chandelier over

• 

  Name board on the mosque

Family tree[]

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See also[]

• Adnanites
• Arabs
• Banu Hashim
• Family tree of Husayn ibn Ali
• Fatimah bint Muhammad
• Fatimah bint Musa
• Quraysh
• Sayyidah Ruqayyah of Cairo
• Semite
• Umm ʿAmmar Sumayyah bint Khayyat, wife of Yasir ibn ʿAmir ibn Malik al-ʿAnsi
• Yahya ibn Zakariyya

References[]

Bibliography[]

• Momen, Moojan An Introduction to Shi'a Islam, Yale University Press, 1985.

External links[]

• Sakina
• Sakina, the young Hashemite princess
• Poem for Bibi Sakina(A.S) by Mahmood Abu Shahbaaz Londoni