Anne Arundel County, Maryland

Anne Arundel County
County
The Anne Arundel County Courthouse facing Church Circle in Annapolis
Flag Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Maryland
Maryland's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 39°00′N 76°36′W / 39°N 76.6°W / 39; -76.6
Country	United States
State	Maryland
Founded	April 9, 1650
Named for	Anne Arundell
Seat	Annapolis
Largest community	Glen Burnie
Government
• County Executive	Steuart Pittman
Area
• Total	588 sq mi (1,520 km2)
• Land	415 sq mi (1,070 km2)
• Water	173 sq mi (450 km2)  29%%
Population  (2020)
• Total	588,261
• Density	1,000/sq mi (390/km2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional districts	2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th
Website	www.aacounty.org

Anne Arundel County (listen; /əˈrʌndəl/), also notated as AA or A.A. County, is located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 588,261,^[1] a population increase of just under 10% since 2010. Its county seat is Annapolis,^[2] which is also the capital of the state. The county is named for Lady Anne Arundell (1615–1649), a member of the ancient family of Arundells in Cornwall, England, and the wife of Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), founder and first Lord Proprietor of the colony Province of Maryland.

Anne Arundel County is included in the Baltimore–Columbia–Towson metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington combined statistical area.

History[]

The County was named for Lady Anne Arundell, (1615/1616–1649), the daughter of Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, members of the ancient family of Arundells in Cornwall, England. She married Cecilius Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, (1605–1675), and the first Lord Proprietor of the colony, Province of Maryland, in an arranged marriage contract in 1627 or 1628.^{[citation needed]}

Anne Arundel County (modern spelling adds an 'e' to her first name of "Ann" and removes the second 'L' from the family name of "Arundell" – but the old traditional spelling of her name is still used in the title of the local historical society, the Ann Arundell County Historical Society) was originally part of St. Mary's County, the province's first erected county in the southern portion of the Province of Maryland which had first been settled by the arriving settlers in 1634. In 1650, the year after Lady Ann Arundell's death, the County separated from St. Mary's and "erected" into its own jurisdiction and became the 3rd of the 23 Maryland counties. It was composed of the hundreds of Town Neck, Middle Neck, Broad Neck, South River, West River and Herring Creek.^[3] Between 1654 and 1658, the County was known as "Providence" by many of its early settlers.^{[citation needed]}

On March 25, 1655, during the English Civil War, (1642-1651), in Europe, the Battle of the Severn, the first naval colonial battle ever fought in America, was fought in Anne Arundel County on the Severn River between Puritan forces supporting the Commonwealth of England and forces loyal to the Lord Proprietor, Cecilius Calvert. The Commonwealth forces under were victorious.^{[citation needed]}

In 1692, the Church of England, also known as the Anglican Church, became the established church of the Province of Maryland through an Act of the General Assembly. Ten counties had been established in the colony, and those counties were divided into 30 parishes, with vestrymen appointed within each. Ann Arrundell County was divided into four parishes: Herring Creek, South River, Middle Neck and Broad Neck.^[4]

Between 1694 and 1695, the provincial capital of Maryland was moved from St. Mary's City along the northern shore of the Potomac River across from the southern colonial border with the Province of Virginia in St. Mary's County farther north along the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay, midway in the colony to Annapolis in Anne Arundel County. Prior to the move, Annapolis was known as "Providence".^[5]

During the American Revolutionary War, citizens of Anne Arundel County supported the Continental Army by providing troops for three regiments. The 3rd Maryland Regiment, the 4th Maryland Regiment, and the 6th Maryland Regiment were recruited in the county.^{[citation needed]}

During the War of 1812, the one of the original six heavy frigates of the recently reestablished United States Navy, "U.S.S. Constitution" sailed from Annapolis prior to its victorious engagement with the "H.M.S. Guerriere" of the British Royal Navy.^{[citation needed]}

On May 22, 1830, the inaugural horse-drawn train of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad travelled the 13 miles (21 km) of the newly completed track from Mount Clare Station in southwestern Baltimore City to Ellicott Mills, (now Ellicott City), then in the Western or Howard District (now Howard County) of Anne Arundel County. This was the first regular railroad passenger service in the United States.^[6] In 1831, land west of the railroad was considered the Howard District of Anne Arundel County. In 1851, The Howard District was broken off to form Howard County, now the 21st county in Maryland (of 23).^[7][discuss]

The County has a number of properties on the National Register of Historic Places.^[8]

Geography[]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 588 square miles (1,520 km²), of which 415 square miles (1,070 km²) is land and 173 square miles (450 km²) (29%) is water.^[9] Anne Arundel County is located to the south of the city of Baltimore.^[10]

Most of the county's borders are defined by water. To the east lies the western shore of the Chesapeake Bay, and numerous tidal tributaries of the Bay indent the shoreline, the various rivers, creeks, streams, inlets forming prominent peninsulas, also known as "necks" (as further south in Virginia). The largest of these tributaries include (from north to south), the Magothy River, Severn River, South River, and the West River. Further south, the upper Patuxent River forms the border of Anne Arundel with Prince George's County to the west. Deep Run forms part of the northwestern border with Howard County, and Lyons Creek forms part of the southern border with Calvert County. The Patapsco River to the north is the border with Baltimore County, but the communities and areas of Brooklyn and Curtis Bay neighborhoods (and adjacent Fairfield, Wagner's Point [also known as East Brooklyn], Arundel Cove [off of Curtis Creek], and Hawkins Point), lying south of the Patapsco River were annexed from Anne Arundel County to Baltimore City in the third major annexation of January 1919.^[11]

Anne Arundel County originally included all of the land between the Patuxent River and the Patapsco River (mainstem and South Branch) upstream to their headwaters on Parr's Ridge. The northwestern section of this long tract later became Howard County, with the border between the two running very close to the Atlantic Seaboard fall line. As a result, Anne Arundel County lies almost entirely within the Atlantic Coastal Plain while Howard County is almost entirely within the Piedmont province.^{[citation needed]}

Elevations in Anne Arundel County range from sea level at the Chesapeake and tidal tributaries to approximately 300 feet (91 m) in western areas near the fall line.^[12] The terrain is mostly flat or gently rolling, but more dramatic banks and bluffs can be found where waterways cut through areas of higher elevation.^{[citation needed]}

With the exception of the very limited extent of Piedmont underlain by Precambrian to early Paleozoic metamorphic rock, all of the county is underlain by thick deposits of gravel, sand, silt, and clay dating from the early Cretaceous to Holocene times.^[13] Most of these sediments are unconsolidated but include local formations of sandstone, especially in the Pasadena area.^[14]

Adjacent counties and independent city[]

National protected area[]

• Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (part)

Climate[]

Anne Arundel County has a humid subtropical climate, with hot summers and cool winters. Annual precipitation averages around 40 inches (100 cm) per year throughout the county, with a fairly even distribution throughout the year. Annual snowfall totals around 20.1 inches (51 cm) on average at BWI Airport, which has an elevation of 156 feet (47.5 m) above sea level.^[15] Slightly colder winter temperatures and higher snowfall are experienced at the higher elevations, with slightly lower snowfall closer to sea level.^[16] According to the most recent USDA Hardiness zone maps, the lowland areas of the county fall into Zone 7b, with an expected annual minimum temperatures of 5 to 10 °F (−15 to −12 °C), while higher areas fall into Zone 7a, with expected annual minima of 0 to 5 °F (−18 to −15 °C).^[17]

Politics and government[]

Anne Arundel County has had a charter government since 1965. The government consists of a County Executive and a seven-member County Council. The County Executive and Council members are elected in the same years Maryland conducts its gubernatorial and legislative elections, and may serve a maximum of two consecutive terms.^{[citation needed]}

The Democrats have the most registered voters in the county, but the large number of Republican-leaning independents means Republicans win more county-wide elections than in other mostly-suburban counties in Maryland; however Democrats are the dominant party in Annapolis city elections. In the 2016 presidential election, Anne Arundel County voted for Hillary Clinton over Donald Trump by 6,016 votes.^[18] It was the first time that the county had supported a Democrat for president since 1964. Four years later, Joe Biden won the county by nearly 15%, the largest margin of victory for a Democrat in the county since the landslide election of Lyndon Johnson in the 1964 presidential election.^[19]

Voter Registration and Party Enrollment of Anne Arundel County[20]
Party		Total	Percentage
	Democratic	172,344	42.95%
	Republican	134,418	33.5%
	Independents, unaffiliated, and other	94,512	23.55%
Total		401,274	100.00%

County Executives[]

The County Executive oversees the executive branch of the County government, which consists of a number of offices and departments. The executive branch is charged with implementing County law and overseeing the operation of the County government. The next election will be in 2022.^{[citation needed]}

	Name	Affiliation	Term
	Joseph W. Alton	Republican	1965–1974
	Robert A. Pascal	Republican	1974–1982
	O. James Lighthizer	Democrat	1982–1990
	Robert R. Neall	Republican	1990–1994
	John G. Gary	Republican	1994–1998
	Janet S. Owens	Democrat	1998–2006
	John R. Leopold	Republican	2006–2013
	Laura Neuman	Republican	2013–2014
	Steve Schuh	Republican	2014–2018
	Steuart Pittman	Democratic	2018–present

County Council[]

The County Council, as the legislative branch, adopts ordinances and resolutions, and has all of the County's legislative powers. The most recent county election occurred November 6, 2018. Democrats held their three seats and picked up the District 2 seat, giving them a 4–3 majority.^{[citation needed]}

Current County Board

Position		Name	Affiliation	District	Region
	Chair	Sarah Lacey	Democratic	1	Severn
	Member	Allison Pickard	Democratic	2	Glen Burnie
	Member	Nathan Volke	Republican	3	Pasadena
	Member	Andrew Pruski	Democratic	4	Crownsville
	Member	Amanda Fielder	Republican	5	Severna Park, Broadneck
	Vice-Chair	Lisa Brannigan Rodvien	Democratic	6	Annapolis
	Member	Jessica Haire	Republican	7	Gambrillis/Crofton/Davidsonville/Edgewater

Law enforcement[]

There are several major law enforcement agencies serving Anne Arundel County:

• Anne Arundel County Police Department is headed by Chief Amal Awad.
• Anne Arundel County Sheriff's Office is headed by Sheriff Jim Fredericks.
• Annapolis Police Department
• Maryland State Police
• Maryland Natural Resources Police
• Maryland Transportation Authority Police
• Maryland Transit Administration Police
• Anne Arundel County Department of Detention Facilities^[22]

Demographics[]

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1790	22,598		—
1800	22,623		0.1%
1810	26,668		17.9%
1820	27,165		1.9%
1830	28,295		4.2%
1840	29,532		4.4%
1850	32,393		9.7%
1860	23,900		−26.2%
1870	24,457		2.3%
1880	28,526		16.6%
1890	34,094		19.5%
1900	39,620		16.2%
1910	39,553		−0.2%
1920	43,408		9.7%
1930	55,167		27.1%
1940	68,375		23.9%
1950	117,392		71.7%
1960	206,634		76.0%
1970	297,539		44.0%
1980	370,775		24.6%
1990	427,239		15.2%
2000	489,656		14.6%
2010	537,656		9.8%
2020	588,261		9.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[23] 1790-1960[24] 1900–1990[25] 1990–2000[26] 2010–2020[1]

2010 census[]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 537,656 people, 199,378 households, and 139,262 families residing in the county.^[27] The population density was 1,295.9 inhabitants per square mile (500.3/km²). There were 212,562 housing units at an average density of 512.3 per square mile (197.8/km²).^[28] The racial makeup of the county was 75.4% White, 15.5% Black or African American, 3.4% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.4% from some other race, and 2.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 6.1% of the population.^[27] In terms of ancestry, 23.3% were German, 18.6% were Irish, 12.3% were English, 7.4% were Italian, 5.0% were Polish, and 4.4% were American.^[29]

Of the 199,378 households, 34.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.1% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.2% were non-families, and 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.11. The median age was 38.4 years.^[27]

The median income for a household in the county was $83,456 and the median income for a family was $97,557. Males had a median income of $63,187 versus $48,750 for females. The per capita income for the county was $38,660. About 3.3% of families and 5.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over.^[30]

2000 census[]

As of the census^[31] of 2000, there were 489,656 people, 178,670 households, and 129,178 families residing in the county. The population density was 1,177 people per square mile (455/km²). There were 186,937 housing units at an average density of 449 per square mile (174/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 81.24% White, 13.57% Black or African American, 0.30% Native American, 2.29% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.85% from other races, and 1.69% from two or more races. 2.63% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 17.7% were of German, 13.1% Irish, 10.5% English, 8.1% United States or American and 7.0% Italian ancestry.^{[citation needed]}

There were 178,670 households, out of which 34.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.20% were married couples living together, 11.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.70% were non-families. 21.30% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.09.^{[citation needed]}

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.20% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 32.80% from 25 to 44, 23.90% from 45 to 64, and 10.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 99.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.10 males.^{[citation needed]}

As of Census 2010 the population was 537,658. The ethnic and racial make-up of the county population was 72.42% Non-Hispanic white, 15.52% black, 0.31% Native American, 3.41% Asian, 0.16% Non-Hispanic of some other race, 2.37% non-Hispanics of two or more races and 6.12% Hispanic.^{[citation needed]}

Economy[]

Principal employers[]

According to the Maryland Department of Business and Economic Development, the following were the principal employers in the county in November 2014 (excluding U.S. post offices and state and local governments, but including public institutions of higher education).^[32]

Employer	Employees
Fort George G. Meade (including the National Security Agency)	53,733
Northrop Grumman	7,725
Anne Arundel Health System	4,000
Southwest Airlines	3,200
Maryland Live! Casino	3,000
University of Maryland Baltimore Washington Medical Center	2,901
U.S. Naval Academy / Naval Support Activity	2,340
Walmart / Sam's Club	2,106
Booz Allen Hamilton	2,100
Anne Arundel Community College	1,849
Allegis Group	1,500
Computer Sciences Corporation	1,229
Giant Food	1,220
Target Corporation	1,050
Lockheed Martin	925
Verizon	844
L-3 Communications	818
Safeway	800
Food Lion	790
Rockwell Collins	773
AT&T Services	700
KEYW Corp.	683
TeleCommunication Systems	650
Johns Hopkins HealthCare	625
Shoppers Food Warehouse	625
Under Armour	617
Maryland Jockey Club / Laurel Park	616
Navy Enterprise Resource Planning	600
Ciena	600
United States Coast Guard Yard	598
The Home Depot	597

Personal income[]

In 2000, the median income for a household in the county was $61,768, and the median income for a family was $69,019 (these figures had risen to $79,294 and $91,071 respectively as of a 2007 estimate^[33]). Males had a median income of $43,747 versus $32,348 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,578. About 3.60% of families and 5.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.30% of those under age 18 and 5.80% of those age 65 or over.^{[citation needed]}

State government[]

Several state agencies are headquartered in unincorporated areas in Anne Arundel County. Executive departments include the Department of Agriculture,^[34] the Aviation Administration,^[35] the Department of Housing and Community Development,^[36] and the Department of Transportation.^[37] The , an independent agency, is also headquartered in an unincorporated area in the county.^[38]

State correctional facilities[]

The Maryland House of Correction, operated by the Maryland Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services, was located in Anne Arundel County. The prison was closed in 2007.^[39]

The Maryland Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services operates several additional correctional facilities in the unincorporated town of Jessup in Anne Arundel County, including:

• Brockbridge Correctional Facility
• Jessup Correctional Institution
• Jessup Pre-Release Unit
• Maryland Correctional Institution – Jessup
• Maryland Correctional Institution for Women

District of Columbia facilities[]

The District of Columbia Department of Youth Rehabilitation Services (DYRS) operates the New Beginnings Youth Development Center, a secure youth prison, in the county. Oak Hill Youth Center, the previous DYRS secure facility, was also in the county.^[39]

U.S. Department of Defense facilities[]

Fort George G. Meade is a large U.S. Army post located in the northwest of the county. It is the home of the National Security Agency.

The Naval Academy is located in Annapolis.

Healthcare[]

There are two full-service hospitals in Anne Arundel County: Anne Arundel Medical Center in Annapolis and Baltimore Washington Medical Center (formerly North Arundel Hospital) in Glen Burnie, part of the University of Maryland Medical System.^{[citation needed]}

Media[]

• The newspapers of record are The Capital and the Maryland Gazette (now owned by The Capital), which was founded in 1727.^[40]

Education[]

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• Children are educated by the Anne Arundel County Public Schools.
• Postsecondary education is offered by Anne Arundel Community College at several locations throughout the county.
• Anne Arundel County is also home to the United States Naval Academy and St. John's College, U.S., both in Annapolis.

Transportation[]

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Anne Arundel County is the home of Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport, commonly referred to as BWI. BWI serves as the main airport for greater Baltimore. It is also an increasingly popular alternative airport to residents of the Washington, D.C., area. BWI is an East Coast hub for Southwest Airlines, meaning that direct flights are available between BWI and much of the country.

The southern portion of the Maryland Transit Administration's Light Rail system, connecting downtown Baltimore with BWI, runs through the northern part of Anne Arundel County.

The county also has multiple stops on the MARC commuter rail service, including a stop at BWI Rail Station, located near BWI Airport. Amtrak trains also stop at BWI's train station.

The Laurel-based Connect-a-ride system operates two routes in the western portion of the county, including Severn, Arundel Mills, Maryland City, Glen Burnie, Hanover, and Odenton. Howard County's Howard Transit Silver route serves Arundel Mills shopping mall and BWI Thurgood Marshall Airport.

Major highways[]

• I-97
• I-195
• I-595 / US 50 / US 301
• I-695
• I-895
• MD 2
• MD 3
• MD 3 Bus.
• MD 4
• MD 10
• MD 32
• MD 100
• MD 295

Recreation[]

Maryland Park Service[]

Sandy Point State Park is located at the end of the Broadneck peninsula near the west end of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. It features a beach and marina and hosts many festivals and special events throughout the year.^[41] is located at the Department of Natural Resources headquarters in Annapolis. The 5 acre garden features representations of the state's various geographic areas.^[42] The county also contains some of the easternmost portions of Patapsco Valley State Park, consisting of mostly undeveloped areas of forest and wetlands along the lower Patapsco River.^[43]

Anne Arundel Recreation and Parks[]

The Department of Recreation and Parks maintains "a comprehensive system of recreational programs for county residents and the preservation of valuable land," including indoor and outdoor sports facilities, community parks, green ways, archaeological, environmental, and historical preserves, and large regional facilities.^[44] Some of the major facilities include the Baltimore & Annapolis Trail, Downs Park, Jug Bay Wetlands Sanctuary, Fort Smallwood Park, Kinder Farm Park, and Quiet Waters Park.^{[citation needed]}

Other attractions include the Maryland Renaissance Festival in Crownsville, the Maryland State House and the Colonial Annapolis Historic District.^{[citation needed]}

Anne Arundel County is home to the two largest shopping malls in the State of Maryland: Westfield Annapolis Mall and Arundel Mills in Hanover in addition to Marley Station Mall in Glen Burnie. Adjacent to Arundel Mills is the Maryland Live! casino.^{[citation needed]}

Communities[]

Bracketed number refers to location on map

City[]

• Annapolis (23) (county seat)

Town[]

• Highland Beach (31)

Census-designated places[]

Unincorporated communities[]

Notable people[]

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• Steve Bisciotti owner, Baltimore Ravens^{[citation needed]}
• Peter Bondra ice hockey player^[45]
• Craig Laughlin ice hockey player and broadcaster^[46]
• Johns Hopkins philanthropist and founder of Johns Hopkins University^[47]
• Ronald Malfi, American author^[48]
• Travis Pastrana motosports competitor
• Pat Sajak entertainer^[49]
• Jeff Hatch American football player^[50]
• Brady Barr herpetologist and television host
• Toni Braxton entertainer^[51]
• Tamar Braxton entertainer^[52]
• Mark Teixeira baseball player^[53]
• Steve Wojciechowski basketball player and coach^[54]

References[]

External links[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anne Arundel County, Maryland.

• Official website
• Geographic data related to Anne Arundel County, Maryland at OpenStreetMap
• Anne Arundel County Code
• Anne Arundel Elections Statistics
• Annapolis and Anne Arundel County Conference and Visitors Bureau
• Anne Arundel County Business Directory

Coordinates: 39°00′N 76°36′W / 39.0°N 76.6°W / 39.0; -76.6