Baru
Baru Temporal range: Late Oligocene - Middle Miocene,
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Skull of Baru darrowii | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Order: | Crocodilia |
Subfamily: | †Mekosuchinae |
Genus: | †Baru Willis et al., 1990 |
Species | |
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Baru is an extinct genus of Australian mekosuchine crocodilian. It was semi-aquatic, around 4 m (13 ft) in length. Being semi-aquatic its habitat was around fresh pools of water in wet forests, ambushing their prey, much like modern species. The word Baru is Aboriginal[which?] and means "crocodile's ancestor".[3]
Fossils have been found in Australia at Riversleigh in north-western Queensland and Alcoota in the Northern Territory.
Species[]
There are currently three valid species within the genus Baru. The type species B. darrowi is known from the Middle Miocene of the Northern Territory and is the largest reaching size of 4–5 m in length. It is named after English actor Paul Darrow.[4] Two older species, B. huberi and B. wickeni are known from the Late Oligocene of Queensland.[2]
In 2009, a Baru skull had been found at the Alcoota fossil site about 200km (125 miles) from Alice Springs, in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia. It was thought to belong to a known reptile of the Baru genus, but that has been updated with new study which claims this is a new species, which is expected to be named in 2022.[5]
Phylogeny[]
A 2018 tip dating study by Lee & Yates simultaneously using morphological, molecular (DNA sequencing), and stratigraphic (fossil age) data established the inter-relationships within Crocodilia,[6] which was expanded upon in 2021 by Hekkala et al. using paleogenomics by extracting DNA from the extinct Voay.[7]
The below cladogram from the latest studies shows the placement of Baru within Mekosuchinae:[6]
Crocodylia |
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References[]
- ^ Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021). "Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem". PeerJ. 9: e12094. doi:10.7717/peerj.12094. PMC 8428266. PMID 34567843.
- ^ a b c P. M. A. Willis. 1997. New crocodilians from the late Oligocene White Hunter Site, Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 41(2):423-438
- ^ P. Willis, P. Murray, and D. Megirian. 1990. Baru darrowi gen. et sp. nov., a large, broad-snouted crocodyline (Eusuchia: Crocodylidae) from mid-Tertiary freshwater limestones in Northern Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 29(2):521-540
- ^ "Baru darrowi - Australian Museum". australianmuseum.net.au. Retrieved 2017-11-02.
- ^ "Australia crocodile: Skull identified as part of new extinct species". BBC News. 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
- ^ a b Michael S. Y. Lee; Adam M. Yates (27 June 2018). "Tip-dating and homoplasy: reconciling the shallow molecular divergences of modern gharials with their long fossil". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 285 (1881). doi:10.1098/rspb.2018.1071. PMC 6030529. PMID 30051855.
- ^ Hekkala, E.; Gatesy, J.; Narechania, A.; Meredith, R.; Russello, M.; Aardema, M. L.; Jensen, E.; Montanari, S.; Brochu, C.; Norell, M.; Amato, G. (2021-04-27). "Paleogenomics illuminates the evolutionary history of the extinct Holocene "horned" crocodile of Madagascar, Voay robustus". Communications Biology. 4 (1): 505. doi:10.1038/s42003-021-02017-0. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 8079395. PMID 33907305.
External links[]
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Wikispecies has information related to Baru. |
- Mekosuchinae
- Oligocene crocodylomorphs
- Miocene crocodylomorphs
- Riversleigh fauna
- Cenozoic reptiles of Australia
- Crocodiles of Australia
- Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera