Bridge to nowhere

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Bridge to Nowhere" redirects here. For other uses, see Bridge to Nowhere (disambiguation).
A highway bridge near Castrop-Rauxel, Germany – built 1978 but not connected on either end
An overpass to nowhere in Summit, New Jersey: Brantwood Terrace Overpass,[1] walled off on both ends
A former railway bridge over the Váci út in Újpest, Budapest, Hungary – with its rail line defunct in the early 1990s, the cityside approach of the bridge was demolished to create space for construction.

A bridge to nowhere is a bridge where one or both ends are broken, incomplete, or unconnected to any roads. If it is an overpass or an interchange, the term overpass to nowhere or interchange to nowhere may be used respectively.[2][3] There are five main origins for these bridges:

  • The bridge was never completed for reasons such as cost or disputed property rights.
  • One or both of the bridge's ends have collapsed or have been destroyed – e.g., by earthquake, storm, flood, or war.
  • The bridge is no longer used, but was not demolished because of the cost; for example, the bridges on an abandoned railway line.
  • The bridge is completed, but the streets connecting the bridge are not completed.
  • The bridge or any other part of the construction can be regarded as a pork barrel project aimed at useless fund spending or money laundering with minor or negligible public usefulness.

Metaphoric use[]

Further, the term "bridge to nowhere" may be used by political opponents to describe a bridge (or proposed bridge) that serves low-population areas at high cost, a symbol of pork barrel spending.[4]

It may also be used to describe a useless construction in overall.

It can simply mean as well "dead end" or "useless" in that way without referring to a construction.

Incomplete and damaged bridges[]

Argentina[]

  • The two-lane elevated concrete vehicle bridge across the Cosquin River in Cosquin, province of Cordoba, Argentina, that was intended to connect Calle Pedro Ortiz, on the west, to Avenida Capitan Aviador Omar Castillo, on the east, was never opened. The span of the bridge itself is complete, but it was never connected to the road system on either end, so the ends of the span are blocked by steep piles of rubble. In lieu of the elevated vehicle bridge, the small, low Onofre Marimon Bridge connects the two streets for small volumes of pedestrian traffic. The bridges may be seen on Google Earth at Onofre Marimon Bridge.

Belgium[]

  • Rue Emile Pathé/Emile Pathéstraat in Forest, Brussels (50°47′59″N 4°18′24″E / 50.7996°N 4.3067°E / 50.7996; 4.3067), was originally intended to be part of the southern arc of the R0 Brussels motorway ring, which was never built owing to opposition from local residents. It now functions mostly as a car park.

Canada[]

  • Port Nelson Bridge, an isolated rail bridge near Port Nelson, Manitoba. The connecting rail line was never finished due to labour and material shortages, a lack of financial or political support, and high cost. The envisioned port was also poorly designed and was found to require excessive dredging due to significant sand bars. The project was greatly criticized by several politicians, the media (calling it a "gigantic blunder").[5]

China[]

Czech Republic[]

  • The Borovsko Bridge, an unfinished motorway bridge from the 1930s near Borovsko, part of Bernartice municipality, Central Bohemian Region.
  • There are several bridges to nowhere, started to be built as a part of extraterritorial highway Vienna-Wrocław (so-called "Hitler's highway"), which remain unfinished and unconnected to the road network.

France[]

Pont Saint-Bénezet in Avignon, France

Germany[]

Soda-Brücke Euskirchen

The colloquial name for a bridge to nowhere in Germany is "Soda-Brücke" (a pun on "so da" = "just there"). Many of the bridges were built in the 1970s as part of the Autobahn network, but the oil crisis and rising environmental consciousness slowed many highway extensions.

Hong Kong[]

  • In New Kowloon, a flyover used to connect Prince Edward Road East outside Regal Meridien Hotel to the old Kai Tak Airport (coded K72). The airport has since moved and been demolished, leaving the flyover unused,[7] until a new offramp was built in 2020 to connect the K72 flyover to  [zh-tw] (Road D1) and opened to traffic in September 2021.
  • In Victoria City on Hong Kong Island, the western end of Connaught Road West Flyover (part of Route 4) was intended to be connected to the shelved Green Island Link and a trunk road along the southwestern coast of the island (previously numbered Route 7).
  • A flyover over Tsing Tsuen Interchnge in Tsuen Wan, New Territories.
  • Railway viaducts to the northwest of Lai King station in southern Kwai Chung, New Territories, near Kwai Chung Park.

Hungary[]

India[]

  • Broken bridge, in Chennai, South India, partly collapsed due to strong currents of the river in 1977 and has never been repaired.

Indonesia[]

Italy[]

  • The Pons Aemilius in Rome

New Zealand[]

Norway[]

  • Eintveit Bridge, a 25-metre-long two-lane road bridge in Etne municipality in Hordaland county, was completed in 1962 and was intended to be part of a road on the northwestern side of Åkrafjorden. But the road was never built, and the bridge has remained unused except occasionally by hikers. In 2014 broadcaster NRK organized the "opening" of the bridge. Two cars were flown in by helicopter and then drove across the bridge.[8][9]

Philippines[]

  • The Loboc Bridge in the town of Loboc, Bohol. A steel and concrete bridge which commenced construction in the 1970s but was left unfinished allegedly due to opposition from the Loboc parishioners since the bridge might destroy the 400-year old Loboc Church.[10]

Poland[]

near Lisowo, demolished 2019
  • Several structures on unfinished Olimpijka motorway. Its construction started in 1976 with the propaganda goal of completing it in time for the Moscow Olympics in 1980 (hence its unofficial name, as part of Berlin-Moscow connection). Because of the economic crisis which hit the country in the late 1970s and continued throughout the 1980s, only a small section was opened. Construction of another stretch resumed only in 2001, as a part of A2 motorway. Since 2010 the plan was to finish the whole link between the border with Germany and Warsaw, this time for the UEFA Euro 2012 football championships. This meant that weathered remains of 1970s structures had to be demolished in the 2010s.
  • Several structures on unfinished Berlinka, Nazi Germany's Reichsautobahn Berlin-Königsberg started in 1936. Some of them have been demolished as late as the 2010s.

Russia[]

The bridge of Vachevskaya Street in Pavlovsky Posad
  • A two-lane vehicle bridge in Pavlovsky Posad, completed in 2011, continues the minor Vachevskaya Street in the west across the Vokhna River. In the east, there is a dead end, as no vehicle road has been built there, with only a footpath branching off to another street. The bridge may become integrated into traffic once a new road tunnel under railway is completed nearby, and together they would replace a problematic level crossing.[11] The bridge was open for vehicle traffic in July 2015.[12]
The bridge in Porozovo

Slovakia[]

  • , a never-used railway viaduct in the village of near the town of Jelšava in south Slovakia. The viaduct is 120 m long and 40 m high. It was finished in 1945 but was never used, because the railway to the viaduct was never completed due to the events of World War II.[13] Next to the viaduct are two finished tunnels without any connection to railways. The tunnel near the village of Slavošovce is 2800 m long, and the tunnel near Kopráš is 350 m long. These tunnels to nowhere were also never used, because railway construction ended in 1948 before its completion.[14]

Spain[]

Taiwan[]

United Kingdom[]

The former Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway bridge at Blandford Forum. Following closure of the line, the span over the river (right) was demolished, and the earth embankment on the left was reused for nearby flood defence work, leaving it as a "bridge to nowhere".

United States[]

  • Arboretum "ghost ramps" (built 1960s), a set of ramps and bridges south of Marsh Island near Portage Bay in Seattle that were intended to be an interchange from Washington State Route 520 and the proposed R. H. Thomson Expressway. When plans for the expressway were scrapped following a citizens' freeway revolt, the interchange ramps and bridges remained in place and are mostly unused. On January 31, 2013, Washington state announced that the ghost ramps would be removed sometime between 2014 and 2016.[21] They were finally demolished in 2017, despite calls to preserve them in memory of the protests that cancelled the expressway project.[22]
  • Big Four Bridge (built 1895), a 2,530-foot (770 m) single-track railroad bridge over the Ohio River in Louisville, Kentucky, which was abandoned in 1968 and had both its approach spans removed and sold for scrap the following year. In February 2013, the bridge was reopened on one end for pedestrian and bicycle traffic.[23] In May 2014, the Jeffersonville, Indiana, ramp opened, allowing pedestrians and cyclists to travel between downtown Jeffersonville and Waterfront Park in Louisville.[24]
  • Bridge to Nowhere (San Gabriel Mountains) (built 1936), an isolated road bridge over the San Gabriel River in southern California. The connecting road was never built. The bridge is a popular destination for hikers.
  • Fort Duquesne Bridge (built 1963), a road bridge over the Allegheny River in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which ended mid-air until the ramps were completed in 1969.
  • Miles Glacier Bridge (built 1910), also known as the "Million Dollar Bridge", was converted from railroad use to motor vehicle use; It is at the northern end of the unfinished Copper River Highway near Cordova, Alaska. Construction stopped in 1964 when an earthquake damaged the 1,549-foot (472 m) bridge. Although since repaired and reopened, the bridge is nonetheless currently of limited utility due to damage at other points along the route.
  • Hoan Bridge (built 1973), a 2-mile (3 km) road bridge over the Milwaukee River in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, which was unused until access roads were completed in 1977, was lacking freeway connections at the southern end until 1998, and was "going nowhere again" for two months while closed for major repairs after a span partially collapsed in December 2000.
  • Luten Bridge (built 1925), also known as "Mebane Bridge" or "Mebane's Bridge", is a road bridge over the Dan River in Rockingham County on the outskirts of the town of Eden, North Carolina, which was at the center of the landmark Luten Bridge Co. vs. Rockingham County lawsuit that made jurisprudence in 1929 when the contractor continued work on it well after the contract to build it was rescinded and subsequently sued to be reimbursed for this work.
  • Pier 19 (demolished 2012) of a proposed second span of the Ambassador Bridge connecting Windsor, Ontario, and Detroit, Michigan. No second span had ever been approved for this privately owned bridge, largely because the proposal would dump excessive traffic onto Windsor city surface streets, but its owners built ramps for the proposed span in an attempt to counter an internationally supported proposal for a Detroit River International Crossing to the Windsor-Essex Parkway further downriver.[25] The unauthorized ramp was removed in 2012 by court order.[26]
  • An interchange on US 160 southeast of Durango, Colorado completed in November 2011.[27] The bridge was intended to connect to a relocated US 550, but disputes arose over the new US 550 alignment's potential effect on wetlands, archaeological sites, and property fragmentation.[28] The Colorado Department of Transportation signed an agreement with the Federal Highway Administration in spring 2015 regarding the final alignment of US 550, and is now seeking construction funding.[29]
  • The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge bicycle and pedestrian path was opened in September 2013, but was only connected on the Oakland end of the bridge. In October 2016, the connection to Yerba Buena Island was opened, but as of 2018 there is no bicycle or pedestrian access across the western portion of the Bay Bridge to San Francisco.[30]
  • The on the King Coal Highway in Bluefield, West Virginia was built with two parallel high-level spans in 2009 but never connected on either end.

Bridges to unpopulated or low-population areas[]

Australia[]

  • John Pirie Bridge in Port Pirie was built in the 1970s to encourage development of industry on the other side of Port Pirie Creek. No development ensued; the bridge leads only to a few gravel roads otherwise unconnected.[31]

Canada[]

  • In Jasper National Park, at the outlet of Maligne Lake, there is a bridge that crosses the outlet river and proceeds about 300 meters to a parking lot and several hiking trails and a boat launch. The bridge cost millions of dollars to build and was part of a proposed route through the mountains that was never completed.
  • In the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo the Peter Lougheed Bridge crosses the Athabasca River, servicing industrial work sites and leading to the start of the winter road to Fort Chipewyan.[32] Nicknamed the bridge to nowhere due to lack of development at the time of construction.[33]

Ireland[]

Harry Blaney Bridge, Ireland
  • The in County Donegal spans 340 m (370 yd) and spans Mulroy Bay, connecting the Fanad and Rosguill peninsulas. Opened in 2009 at a cost of €20 million, it was criticised as a bridge to nowhere due to the low population of the area (less than 3,000 on the two peninsulas). Supporters cited the tourism potential of linking the two areas.[34][35][36] In 2014, local paper The Donegal Daily admitted that the bridge was "still rarely used."[37]

Malaysia[]

  • The Bunting Island Bridge in Yan district, Kedah. The 2.3 kilometers bridge that connect from mainland to an uninhabited Bunting Island. Build around 2002-2005, the bridge cost MYR120 million.

Malta[]

The St. Elmo Bridge in Valletta, Malta has been called a bridge to nowhere since it only leads to a breakwater and a small lighthouse
  • The St Elmo Bridge leads from the foreshore of Valletta to the breakwater at the entrance of the Grand Harbour. Critics disapproved of the construction cost of €2.8 million and have called it a "bridge to nowhere".[38][39]

Russia[]

  • The Russky Bridge in Vladivostok was criticised as a "bridge to nowhere", costing about one billion US dollars and serving an island where only 5,000 people live.[40]
  • A four-lane vehicle overpass across the Moscow Ring Road at kilometer 83 (sometimes called the Molokovsky Overpass) continues Molokova Street in the Lianozovo District of Moscow outside the city. Molokova Street is in a gated community with only local traffic allowed; at the other end, the bridge serves only the Lianozovo Cemetery with a small parking lot next to it, coming to a dead end before a forest. As a result, the overpass only receives significant traffic on prayer for the dead days such as Saturday of Souls.

United States[]

  • Vincent Thomas Bridge (built 1963), a 1.15-mile (1.85 km) road bridge over Los Angeles Harbor in California, originally dubbed a "bridge to nowhere" that later became a heavily used bridge
  • In 1998, the Admiral Clarey Bridge connected Ford Island to the Kamehameha Highway and was called the "Bridge to nowhere" because of the considerable costs required to connect 45 families to O'ahu.[41]
  • In 2005, the United States Congress passed an omnibus spending bill that contained a $442 million earmark for constructing two Alaskan bridges. Pushed forward by Alaska Representative Don Young and Senator Ted Stevens, the Gravina Island Bridge was intended to provide a link between the Ketchikan airport on Gravina Island and the city of Ketchikan at a cost of $233 million in federal grant money. It received nationwide attention as a symbol of pork-barrel spending. Since Gravina Island only had a population of 50, the bridge became known as the "Bridge to Nowhere" during the run-up to the 2008 presidential election.[42]
  • In 2014, Alaska's longest bridge, the Tanana River Bridge, was completed across the Tanana River at a cost of $187 million. The 3,300 feet (1,000 m) long bridge consists of a 12-foot (3.7 m) wide gravel path that connects a gravel spur road off the Richardson Highway near Salcha, Alaska, to the roadless Tanana Flats. The bridge will be almost exclusively for military use with limited access for hunting license holders.[43] Due to the current lack of infrastructure in the Tanana Flats and the ongoing uncertainty in Department of Defense spending, there may be limited use of the bridge.[44]

Obsolete bridges and approaches[]

  • The Abandoned Pennsylvania Turnpike features several bridges that are no longer used for their intended purpose of vehicular traffic, but are still used by pedestrians and cyclists. The Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission demolished two of the bridges in 2005, one over U.S. 30 in Breezewood, Pennsylvania and the other further east on Pump Station Road, partially to mark the property lines between the PTC-owned sections that still connect to the active mainline Pennsylvania Turnpike and the section that was sold off to Southern Alleghenies Conservancy in 2001, the latter of which owns the section that features the Rays Hill and Sideling Hill Tunnels.
  • A bridge that once carried West Mound Street over I-70/I-71 in Columbus, Ohio was abandoned in the 1990s due to redevelopment projects that left West Mound Street with two discontinuous sections. The bridge subsequently became a homeless camp before being cleared by the city of Columbus for safety reasons. The bridge is slated to be demolished in 2022 by ODOT without a replacement as part of a widening project of the I-70/I-71 corridor in Downtown Columbus.[45]
  • Ontario Highway 548 in Canada has a short stub of roadway (with double-yellow line still visible) next to a more recent bridge approach. The former ferry approach is now used as a parking lot for people to go fishing from an island connecting the longer bridge to a shorter bridge to St. Joseph Island.
  • The former Bay of Quinte Railway mainline in Napanee (acquired by the now-defunct Canadian Northern Railway in 1910, extended to a Smiths Falls station but abandoned by the late 1970s) still has an Ontario Highway 401 overpass. The rail overpass served a Goodyear tyre factory across the highway until the track was disconnected at Napanee station in 2012; it now goes nowhere. A bascule bridge on the same defunct line crosses the UNESCO-listed Rideau Canal at Smiths Falls, Ontario; that rail bridge sits permanently open but is protected as part of a listed historic site.[46]
  • In the United Arab Emirates, a suspension bridge links Abu Dhabi city and Hodariyat island. The bridge was opened in 2012, but vehicles are not allowed to use it. It appeared to be a waste of money.[47][48] Recently the bridge has opened; the approach road has been extended on the island, and a parking lot has been paved. There are also some small cafes there.
  • CN's Lachine Canal Swing Bridge in Montreal, Canada, an abandoned railway bridge that has been left in the 'open' position in the middle of the Lachine Canal between its successor rail bridge and the Wellington Bridge.[49]
  • The Illinois Central Missouri River Bridge between Omaha, Nebraska and Council Bluffs, Iowa is a disused double-swing railroad bridge. Closed to rail traffic in 1980, the eastern span was secured in the open position to allow for unimpeded river traffic. Initially, the bridge was planned to be used as a contingency should issues affect the Union Pacific Missouri River Bridge approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) to the south, but the rails that formed the approach on the Iowa side were removed in the mid-2000s.[50]
  • McPhaul Suspension Bridge, in Arizona, United States.

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Bridge to Nowhere – Summit, NJ". 2005-09-29.
  2. ^ Daniel, Mac (12 December 2004). "Work underway on Route 128 widening project". Retrieved 15 February 2014.
  3. ^ Rosen, Jill (2 November 1998). "I-95 Exit 'To Nowhere' Will Now Go Somewhere". Sun Sentinel. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
  4. ^ Ou, Lingxiao (2012-08-10). "The Results Are In: Chinese Stimulus Fails". The Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 11 August 2012. The world's longest sea bridge, built in Qingdao, [the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge ] has few users, making it the Chinese version of the "Bridge to Nowhere".
  5. ^ Malaher, David (Autumn 1984). "Port Nelson and the Hudson Bay Railway". Manitoba History. Manitoba Historical Society (8). ISSN 0226-5036. Retrieved 2010-08-20.
  6. ^ Wong, Sue-Lin (11 September 2016). "Bridge to nowhere shows China's failed efforts to engage North Korea". Reuters. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  7. ^ "Hong Kong".
  8. ^ NRK: Ei 52 år forseinka bruopning (3 February 2014, retrieved 19 August 2014)
  9. ^ NRK: – Dette var ein vill reportasjeidé (7 February 2014, retrieved 19 August 2014)
  10. ^ Campo, Liv; Berondo, Wenna (9 September 2005). "Santiago inspects unfinished bridge in Loboc, Bohol". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 26 March 2018.
  11. ^ Путепровод в Павловском Посаде (in Russian). Retrieved 2014-12-22.
  12. ^ Губернатор проинспектировал строительство поликлиники, открыл путепровод и встретился с жителями в Павловском Посаде (in Russian) mosreg.ru, 2015-07-22; Retrieved 2016-04-06
  13. ^ "Stratený viadukt | Košarník". kosarnik.sk.
  14. ^ "Gemerské spojky". VLAKY.NET.
  15. ^ "Sign with facts about San Martín bridge". Archived from the original on 2013-07-04. Anales del Instituto de Estudios Históricos del Sur de Madrid "Jiménez de Gregorio", ISSN 1695-1514, Nº 1, 2000, pp. 87–110. Universidad Carlos III.
  16. ^ "Colliers Wood Residents Association – Helping local residents to have their say on local issues".
  17. ^ "Gam Gurung Bridge formally opened". Merton Council News Room. Merton London Borough Council. 19 June 2015. Retrieved 2015-07-07.
  18. ^ Bordesley Station, Warwickshire Railways
  19. ^ Northwest Exploration (2009)
  20. ^ [1], Potential use for unused bridge over A120 near Colchester
  21. ^ Lindblom, Mike (January 25, 2013). "520 "ramps to nowhere" to come down". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on February 24, 2014. Retrieved January 31, 2013.
  22. ^ Lindblom, Mike (February 18, 2017). "An old Highway 520 crossbeam could be 'urban ruins' honoring anti-freeway activists". The Seattle Times. p. A1. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved December 31, 2017.
  23. ^ Staff (7 February 2013). "Big Four bridge opens in Louisville". Business First of Louisville. American City Business Journals. Retrieved 2014-02-01.
  24. ^ "FINALLY: Big Four Bridge opens to Fanfare in Jeffersonville". News and Tribune. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
  25. ^ Dave Battagello (April 26, 2012). "Moroun's 'bridge to nowhere' dismantled". Windsor Star.
  26. ^ "Controversial ramp along Ambassador Bridge being removed | Detroit Free Press | freep.com". Archived from the original on 2014-01-06.
  27. ^ Mary Shinn (Feb 15, 2015). "Bridge to Nowhere to go places". Durango Herald. Retrieved July 13, 2017.
  28. ^ "Bridge to Nowhere may link to 550". Three Springs.
  29. ^ Luke Perkins (Aug 11, 2016). "Bridge to Nowhere's sinking ramps need a face lift". Durango Herald.
  30. ^ "BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN PATH | Bay Bridge Info". 17 March 2021.
  31. ^ Ladgrove, Petria (7 Dec 2009). "Bridge To Nowhere". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  32. ^ http://www.transportation.alberta.ca/Content/docType181/production/bishwy01.pdf[bare URL]
  33. ^ "McMurray Milestones - Bridge To Nowhere". Archived from the original on 2021-12-21 – via www.youtube.com.
  34. ^ "Taoiseach opens 'the bridge to nowhere'". Independent.ie.
  35. ^ "BRIAN'S STUNNING HARRY BLANEY BRIDGE PICTURE GOES VIRAL". June 14, 2014.
  36. ^ Run, Clifton Coastal. "Clifton Coastal Run".
  37. ^ "BRIAN'S STUNNING HARRY BLANEY BRIDGE PICTURE GOES VIRAL – Donegal Daily".
  38. ^ "Bridge to nowhere". Times of Malta. 1 April 2014. Archived from the original on 15 November 2018.
  39. ^ Micallef, Keith (1 January 2018). "Breakwater bridge to be brought back to light". Times of Malta. Archived from the original on 1 January 2018.
  40. ^ "Bridge to Russky island starts working in Vladivostok". Siberian Times. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  41. ^ Kakesako, Gregg K. (2 September 2007). "A Reborn Ford Island Hosts Military Minds". Star-Bulletin. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  42. ^ Associated Press staff (September 23, 2007). "Alaska Seeks Alternative to Bridge Plan". New York Times. Retrieved April 3, 2009.
  43. ^ Dermot Cole (August 5, 2014). "Alaska's longest bridge completed across Tanana River". Alaska Dispatch News. Retrieved August 5, 2014.
  44. ^ Tim Ellis (November 8, 2013). "State's Longest Bridge Nears Completion, but Budget Cuts May Limit Army's Ability to Use It". KUAC. Retrieved August 5, 2014.
  45. ^ "Downtown Columbus Abandoned Overpass to Come Down in 2022". 6 July 2021.
  46. ^ "New canal head may change hiring methods", Ottawa Citizen, Nov 8, 1983 (railway bridge is second-last paragraph)
  47. ^ "The National – The Middle East. Explained". Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  48. ^ "Earthglance – Bridge to nowhere on an undeveloped island in Abu..." Earthglance. Retrieved 3 January 2018.
  49. ^ "Railway Swing Bridge - Lachine Canal". Waymarking. Retrieved 14 May 2018.
  50. ^ "Illinois Central Drawbridge, Omaha, NE". www.johnweeks.com.
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