COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
COVID-19 vaccination in the Philippines
Resbakuna logo.png
Logo of Resbakuna,[a] the national COVID-19 vaccination campaign of the Philippines
DateMarch 1, 2021 (2021-03-01) – present
LocationPhilippines
CauseCOVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines
TargetImmunization against COVID-19
Organized byDepartment of Health (DOH)
Participants40,030,388 total doses administered[1][b]
Outcome20.50% of the Filipino population has received at least one dose of a two dose vaccine
16.21% has been fully vaccinated

The COVID-19 vaccination program in the Philippines is an ongoing mass immunization campaign against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in response to the ongoing pandemic in the country.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued emergency use authorizations (EUA) to 9 COVID-19 vaccines (in chronological order): Pfizer–BioNTech, Oxford–AstraZeneca, Sinovac, Sputnik V, Janssen, Covaxin, Moderna, Sinopharm and Sputnik Light. There are eight other vaccines on order for the program, at varying stages of development.

As of September 15, 2021, about 40,030,388 total vaccine doses have been administered throughout the country, with 17,675,959 being fully vaccinated.[1]

Background and timeline[]

A doctor from Amang Rodriguez Memorial Medical Center in Marikina receiving his first dose of CoronaVac
Vaccination site in Caloocan

The COVID-19 Immunization Program Management Organizational Structure was formed on October 26, 2020, to facilitate the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines in the Philippines, however this was replaced by a vaccine cluster within the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF-EID) by November 6, 2020. Carlito Galvez Jr. was appointed to lead the cluster[2] under the title of vaccine czar.[3] The Philippine National Vaccination Program and Implementation Plan was also approved by November 6, 2020.[2]

Preparation[]

Organizations involved[]

The COVID-19 Immunization Program Management Organizational Structure was formed on October 26 with the intention of it overseeing the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines once these became available. However, by November 6, the vaccine body was abolished and replaced with a vaccine cluster within the National Task Force Against COVID-19 of the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF-EID). The vaccine cluster is distinct from the national task force's COVID-19 response cluster.[4]

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on their part is the agency tasked to review and approve the use and commercial distribution of COVID-19 vaccines in the Philippines[5] as well as the issuance of an emergency use authorization for the same.

Delivery plan[]

The national government planned to rollout its vaccination program around February expecting the delivery of vaccines from Pfizer's vaccines sourced from the COVAX facility and the first batch of Sinovac's vaccines, consisting of 50,000 doses.[6] The delivery of Pfizer's vaccines was delayed due to documentary issues.[7]

The government plans to start a full rollout or mass vaccination for the general populace around late 2021.[8]

Regulatory approval[]

Under normal circumstances, drugs and vaccines are reviewed for approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under a period of six months. President Rodrigo Duterte to fast-track the government's medical response to the pandemic signed an executive order on December 2, 2020, which allowed the FDA to grant emergency-use authorization (EUA) to COVID-19 vaccines and treatments.[9] An EUA for a particular vaccine would authorize the government to buy said vaccine and allow to use the same for the vaccination program. An EUA would not authorize the commercial use of such vaccines or consent the use of the vaccine for personal use.[10]

The EUA approval process by the FDA is covered under FDA Circular No. 2020-036.[11][12]

A EUA granted for COVID-19 vaccine or drug remains valid if it fulfills three conditions:[12]

  • Based on the totality of evidence including data from adequate and well-known controlled trials, it is reasonable to believe that the drug or vaccine may be effective to prevent, diagnose or treat COVID-19.
  • The known and potential benefits of the drug or vaccine...outweigh the known and potential risks, if any.
  • There is no adequate, approved, and available alternative to the drug or vaccine.

The EUAs validity ends one year from the lifting of the public health emergency status declared in response to the pandemic or one year from the date it was registered if a COVID-19 drug or vaccine gets fully registered with the FDA.[12]

Among the conditions for a vaccine manufacturer to secure an EUA in the Philippines is to obtain prior EUA in its country of origin or other countries with a "mature" regulator.[13] No manufacturer would be allowed to obtain a EUA in the Philippines first. For the purpose of the FDA's EUA approval process, the following foreign regulators are considered as "mature":[12]

  • Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)
  • Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (Japan)
  • Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (South Korea)
  • Health Canada
  • Health Sciences Authority (Singapore)
  • Swiss Agency for Therapeutic Products (Switzerland)
  • Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)
  • Food and Drug Administration (United States)
  • European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Vaccine manufacturers applied for EUA[]

The FDA announced that three vaccine manufacturers namely Pfizer–BioNTech, AstraZeneca, and Sinovac have inquired on the process of obtaining an EUA in the Philippines.[13]

Rollout[]

Dr. Gerardo Legaspi officially becomes the first recipient of a COVID-19 vaccine in the country on March 1, 2021

The Philippines' vaccination officially began on March 1, 2021, shortly after the arrival of the first batch of vaccines from Sinovac. Prior to the official roll-out, a dry run was conducted to ensure that the vaccines, especially temperature-sensitive ones, would be rolled-out with minimal problems.[14]

In February 2021, the Food and Drug Association recommended against the usage of Sinovac vaccines for health care workers due to its low efficacy rates in trials on health care workers in other countries. It has recommended its usage instead to the vaccine to the working population and military personnel.[15][16]

The National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) on February 26 has approved the use of the Sinovac vaccine to health care workers.[17] Health care workers are still allowed to not take the vaccine and wait for a more effective vaccine.[18] Philippine General Hospital (PGH) employees demanded for a better vaccine and an increase with their hazard pays.[19]

At a press conference, Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque stated that health care workers can refuse the Sinovac vaccine and wait for the vaccines from Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, and Oxford–AstraZeneca while still being prioritized but other prioritized groups shall only get what is available in their locality.[20]

The rollout for the Philippines' national vaccine program began on March 1, 2021, shortly after the arrival of 600,000 doses of Sinovac's vaccine.[21] Philippine General Hospital director and doctor Gerardo Legaspi officially became the first recipient of a COVID-19 vaccine in the country.[22] The initial batch will cover around 50,000 military personnel and 250,000 health workers.[23] As of March 3, 2021, vaccinations has been limited to Metro Manila and to health workers.[24] However, select government officials were vaccinated in a bid to boost confidence on the vaccine.[25]

On March 6, 2021, Oxford–AstraZeneca, under the COVAX facility, began the rollout. Health workers who refused Sinovac's vaccines were prioritized.[26][27]

In May 2021, the rollout of vaccines from two manufacturers began. The rollout of the Sputnik V vaccines began on May 3 with five cities of Metro Manila; namely Makati, Manila, Taguig, Parañaque, and Muntinlupa.[28] The deployment of Pfizer started on May 12, beginning in two cities in Metro Manila (San Juan and Makati).[29]

On June 21, 2021, due to low public interest in vaccination, President Duterte threatened to jail those who refuse to take a COVID-19 vaccine.[30][31]

On June 30, 2021, Moderna began the rollout in Metro Manila including San Juan.[32]

On July 20, 2021, Janssen began the rollout in Tacloban.[33]

On August 12, 2021, Vaccine Czar Carlito Galvez Jr. announced that recipients of the Sputnik V vaccine as their first dose can receive the Astrazeneca vaccine as their second dose provided that the shipment of the Russian vaccine is delayed due to logistical issues.[34]

Issuance and recognition of vaccine certificates[]

An International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines after being vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine in 2021.

On July 4, 2021, the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases has permitted domestic travel within the Philippines for fully vaccinated individuals that have been vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine under the Emergency Use Listing (EUL) by the World Health Organization (WHO) or have been granted an emergency use authorization (EUA) or a compassionate special permit (CSP) issued by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).[35] The same rules applies for fully vaccinated international travelers from countries and territories deemed as "low-risk" and can receive a reduced quarantine period of seven days.[36]

Since July 2021, the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines has begun issuing a new format of the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) to fully vaccinated residents for international travel provided that the COVID-19 vaccine is listed under the Emergency Use Listing (EUL) by the World Health Organization (WHO).[37]

Vaccine supply[]

Summary[]

Summary of vaccine procurement, donation processing, and approval (by the national government)
Vaccine Progress Doses ordered Doses arrived (including donations and from COVAX Facility) Sourced from donations
(including pledges and from COVAX Facility) 		EUA Approval Full Approval Deployment
Pfizer–BioNTech phase III clinical trials 40 million[38] 5,842,910 2,660,580 (COVAX)[39] Green check.svg January 14, 2021[40] No full authorization application submitted Green check.svg May 12, 2021[41]
Oxford–AstraZeneca phase III clinical trials 17 million[38] 8,934,240 4,584,000 (COVAX)

1,539,140 (donation)[39]

Green check.svg January 28, 2021[42] No full authorization application submitted Green check.svg March 6, 2021
Sinovac phase III clinical trials 36 million[43] 33,000,000 1,000,000 (donation)[44] Green check.svg February 22, 2021[45] No full authorization application submitted Green check.svg March 1, 2021
Sputnik V phase III clinical trials 10 million[38] 380,000 15,000 Green check.svg March 19, 2021[46] No full authorization application submitted Green check.svg May 3, 2021[28]
Covaxin phase III clinical trials 8 million[47] – – Green check.svg April 19, 2021 (Conditional EUA)[48]

Green check.svg June 21, 2021 (Full EUA)[49][50]

No full authorization application submitted Pending
Janssen phase III clinical trials 5 million (COVAX cost-sharing)

6 million (under negotiations)[38]

3,240,850 3,240,850 (COVAX)[51] Green check.svg April 19, 2021[48] No full authorization application submitted Green check.svg July 20, 2021
Moderna phase III clinical trials 20 million[38] 4,296,060 3,000,060 (COVAX)

249,600[52]

Green check.svg May 5, 2021[53] No full authorization application submitted Green check.svg June 30, 2021[32]
Sinopharm-Beijing[54] phase III clinical trials – 1,100,000 1,100,000 (donation) Green check.svg June 7, 2021[55] No full authorization application submitted Green check.svg August 2021
Sinopharm-Wuhan phase III clinical trials – – – Green check.svg August 19, 2021[56] No full authorization application submitted Pending
Sputnik Light phase III clinical trials – – – Green check.svg August 20, 2021[57] No full authorization application submitted Pending
Novavax phase III clinical trials 10 million (under negotiations)[38] – – Under review[58] No full authorization application submitted Pending
Arcturus phase II clinical trials – – – No EUA application submitted No full authorization application submitted Pending
Clover phase II/III clinical trials – – – No EUA application submitted No full authorization application submitted Pending
EuBiologics[59] phase I/II clinical trials – – – No EUA application submitted No full authorization application submitted Pending

By acquisition[]

Vaccines on order[]

By the national government[]

The Philippine government has been negotiating with various foreign vaccine manufacturers to secure the country's COVID-19 vaccine supply. These manufacturers include Sinovac Biotech (China), Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology (Russia), Moderna (United States), and Pfizer (United States).[60][61] The private sector, with government sanction, has secured at least 2.6 million vaccine doses from British-Swedish manufacturer AstraZeneca.[62] The government also has secured 10 million doses from American firm Novavax which would be supplied from the Serum Institute of India.[38]

The government plans to secure 171 million doses from at least seven firms by the end of 2021.[63] The procurement efforts of the national government have been a subject of various controversies.

The national government through the Department of Foreign Affairs responding to the request of Germany and the United Kingdom to be exempted from the Philippines' prevailing cap on the deployment of nurses abroad in exchange for vaccines.[64] The United Kingdom declined the offer refusing to link the vaccines to negotiations on the deployment of Filipino health workers to their country.[65] The proposal was also opposed by labor group Migrante International.[66]

The Philippine government is negotiating with four pharmaceutical firms for the supply of COVID-19 booster shots.[67]

By local governments[]

Local government units in the Philippines, from individual municipalities and cities and provinces has allocated part of their budgets to procure their own supply of COVID-19 vaccines.[68]

Along with private companies, local governments had to procure vaccines through cooperation with the national government which led to some members of the Congress questioning urging the national government to allow local governments to procure vaccines unilaterally. However, the government pointed out that only national governments could directly procure vaccines through the World Health Organization's COVAX facility and that third-party private firms and local governments had to sign a tripartite deal with the national government and member vaccine manufacturer.[69]

Vaccines sourced from donations[]

The first vaccines acquired by the Philippine national government was from Sinovac. The first batch of Sinovac's vaccines consisting of 600,000 doses were received by the Philippines on February 28, 2021, with the country expected to receive a total of 26 million doses.[70] Vaccines sourced through the COVAX facility is also funded through donations by foreign countries.[71] The IATF-EID approved the Philippines' participation in COVAX on July 24, 2020.[72] The country is the recipient of vaccines from Pfizer–BioNTech and Oxford–AstraZeneca through the platform.[73]

The Philippines also engaged in talks with Israel to obtain a possible donation of excess vaccines from the Middle Eastern country.[74]

The Philippines has received 1,124,100 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine donations from Japan on July 8.[75]

The Philippines has received about 3,239,400 Janssen COVID-19 vaccine donations from the United States on July 16–17 through COVAX.[76][77]

The Philippines has received 415,040 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine doses donations from the United Kingdom on August 2.[78]

The Philippines has received 3,000,060 Moderna COVID-19 vaccine donations from the United States on August 3 through COVAX.[79]

The Philippines has received 100,000 vaccines Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV vaccine from the United Arab Emirates.[80]

The Philippines has received about 1,000,000 Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine donations on August 20–21 from China.[81][82]

The Philippines has expressed its intent to get some of Canada's COVID-19 vaccines.[83]

Local production[]

Five local firms are in negotiations with foreign organizations to set up vaccine manufacturing sites in the Philippines as of March 2021. The origin of these foreign organization include China, India, South Korea, Russia, and the United States.[84] South Korean firm EU Biologics has a partnership with Philippine vaccine distributor Glovax Biotech Corp. since 2012. The two companies plan to set-up their own vaccine production hub in Clark.[59] Other interested foreign parties include the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Russia and a university research unit based in the United States.[84]

Philippine company United Laboratories launched a program known as "Vaccine Self Reliant Philippines" which includes plans to set up a vaccine manufacturing plant by 2023.[85]

By vaccine[]

Pfizer–BioNTech[]

The delivery of Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines to the Philippines has been subject to delays.[86] Health Secretary Francisco Duque has been alleged to have "dropped the ball" on a Pfizer vaccine deal which could have secured 10 million doses by as early as January 2021.[60] On June 19, the Philippine government has signed an agreement for the procurement of 40 million doses of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.[87]

The first batch of the Pfizer vaccine, consisting of 193,050 doses through the COVAX facility, arrived on May 10.[88] 2,279,160 additional doses arrived in the country from COVAX's facility on June 10.[89]

The first batch of procured Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine, consisting of 562,770 doses, arrived on July 21.[90]

Oxford–AstraZeneca[]

A worker unloading the shipment from COVAX at Villamor Air Base in Pasay on March 4, 2021

On January 14, the Philippines has secured 17 million doses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines from British-Swedish pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical firm AstraZeneca.[91]

A shipment of 487,200 Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines under COVAX's facility arrived in the country on March 4, 2021.[92] An additional shipment of 38,400 doses arrived in the country on March 7, totalling a number of 525,600 doses from COVAX's facility.[93] 2 million additional doses arrived in the country from COVAX's facility on May 8.[94][95]

The first batch of procured Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine, consisting of 1,150,800 doses, arrived on July 16.[96]

Sinovac[]

A Chinese military transport vehicle dropping off Sinovac's "CoronaVac" in Villamor Air Base in preparation for the mass vaccination in the Philippines

Plans to secure 36 million doses from China's Sinovac have also been subjected to scrutiny in Congress due to its reported efficacy rate. The efficacy rate of the Sinovac vaccine has varied by country; Turkey has reported an efficacy rate of 91%[97] while Brazil has reported an efficacy rate of 78%.[98] The Department of Health said that Sinovac's vaccine satisfy the World Health Organization standards of at least 50 percent efficacy rate while the FDA pointed out that Sinovac is yet to publish an official and published scientific report on their vaccines efficacy rate and that the clinical trial for the vaccine is conducted in different countries and the efficacy rate per country will vary.[62][99][100] Following the approval for emergency use authorization on February 22, the first batch of Sinovac vaccines, consisting of 600,000 doses, from China's donation to the country arrived on February 28.

The first batch of procured vaccines by the government reached the Philippines on March 29 came from Sinovac with previous received vaccines coming from donations.[101]

On August 24, the government bought additional 10 million doses from Sinovac.[43]

Sputnik V[]

Russia commits to deliver the first doses of Gamaleya's Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine to the Philippines around April 2021. The Philippines and Russia are also negotiating regarding a plan to set up a production facility for Sputnik V vaccines in the Philippines.[102] The first batch of Gamaleya's vaccine, consisting of 15,000 doses, arrived on May 1.[103][104]

Janssen[]

The first batch of Janssen COVID-19 vaccine under COVAX's facility from US donation, consisting of 1,606,600 doses, arrived on July 16, 2021.[105] An additional shipment of 1,632,800 doses arrived on July 17.[77]

The procurement of Janssen COVID-19 vaccines are still under negotiations.

Moderna[]

In early March 2021, the Philippine government secured 20 million doses of Moderna's COVID-19 vaccine through a tripartite agreement with Moderna and the private sector led by businessman Enrique Razon.[106] The first batch of Moderna's vaccine, consisting of 249,600 doses, arrived on June 27.[52] More shipments are expected in July and August 2021.[107]

Sinopharm[]

The first batch of Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine under the brand name Hayat-Vax arrived on August 11, consisting of 100,000 doses, donated by the United Arab Emirates.[80] Another batch of Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine arrived on August 20–21, consisting 1,000,000 doses, donated by China.[81][82]

Novavax[]

The procurement of Novavax COVID-19 vaccines are still under negotiations.

Progress to date[]

Vaccination (as of September 15, 2021)
Doses administered 40,030,388
+0
No data available
Total population 109,035,343
At least one dose Per 100 people Fully vaccinated
22,354,429 36.713

   

17,675,959

By region[]

Vaccines administered by region
Region 1st dose (of two dose vaccines) Percentage Fully Vaccinated Percentage Total
Metro Manila 5,274,134 54.91% 3,897,152 40.57% 9,171,286
Cordillera Administrative Region 199,497 16.88% 253,213 21.43% 452,710
Ilocos Region 390,653 11.24% 415,874 11.97% 806,527
Cagayan Valley 310,527 12.87% 298,552 12.37% 609,079
Central Luzon 1,098,992 13.14% 1,111,427 13.29% 2,210,419
Calabarzon 1,792,770 16.55% 1,439,418 13.29% 3,232,188
Mimaropa 197,660 10.34% 199,921 10.45% 397,581
Bicol Region 265,438 7.21% 396,433 10.77% 661,871
Western Visayas 630,923 12.11% 673,008 12.92% 1,303,931
Central Visayas 736,257 14.22% 487,640 9.42% 1,223,897
Eastern Visayas 319,089 10.91% 365,742 12.50% 684,831
Zamboanga Peninsula 284,326 12.07% 288,442 12.24% 572,768
Northern Mindanao 411,196 12.80% 419,038 13.05% 830,234
Davao Region 610,058 17.90% 424,683 12.46% 1,034,741
Soccsksargen 257,584 8.34% 301,632 9.77% 559,216
Caraga 210,692 12.43% 275,618 16.26% 486,310
Bangsamoro 97,985 4.23% 144,176 6.22% 242,161
Total 13,087,781 18.47% 11,391,969 16.08% 24,479,750
(Data of August 8, 2021)[39]

Vaccination priority groups[]

The Philippine government released a priority groups list for the national vaccination program in February 2021 as approved by the Interim National Immunization Technical Advisory Group. The list include three main categorizations, with utmost priority provided for populations under "A" categorization.[108] As of June 15, 2021, people under priority groups A1 to A5 are being allowed to receive vaccination.[109]

Vaccination priorities[110]
Category Priority group
A1 Frontline workers in health facilities both national and local, private and public, health professionals and non-professionals like students, nursing aides, janitors, barangay officials and health workers, and outbound Overseas Filipino Workers[111] (since May 27, 2021)
A1.5 City and Municipal Mayors, BARMM Chief Minister, BARMM Wa'lī, and Provincial Governors (Pursuant to IATF Resolution #: 115B-2021)
A2 Senior citizens aged 60 and above
A3 Persons with comorbidities not otherwise included in the preceding categories
A4 Frontline personnel in essential sectors including uniformed personnel and those in working sectors identified by the IATF as essential during ECQ; local executives[c] (since March 19, 2021), judiciary employees[112] (since April 5, 2021), Filipino seafarers[113] (since April 12, 2021) BPO employees and COMELEC employees[114] (since May 21, 2021) Olympic coaches, athletes, and delegates[115] (since May 22, 2021) private sector workers, government employees, informal sector workers, and self-employed[116] (since May 27, 2021), workers in the entertainment industry[citation needed] (since June 7, 2021)
A5 Indigent population not otherwise included in the preceding categories. Homeless population.
B1 Teachers, social workers
B2 Other government workers
B3 Other essential workers (e.g. grocery store workers, bank workers, retail workers, mall workers)
B4 Socio-demographic groups at significantly higher risk other than senior citizens and indigent people (e.g. persons deprived of liberty, persons with disabilities, Filipinos living in high-density areas)
B5 Overseas Filipino Workers
B6 Other remaining workforce
C Rest of the Filipino population not otherwise included in the above groups

Changes and additions[]

  • March 19, 2021 – Local executives (provincial governors, city and municipal mayors, and barangay captains) are reclassified as essential workers or under the A4 category.[117]
  • March 29, 2021 – Specific comorbidities defined for category A3. People with the identify comorbidities are prioritized for vaccination over people with other comorbidities not specified.[118]
  • April 5, 2021 – Inclusion of judiciary employees under A4 category.[112]
  • April 12, 2021 – 13 Essential workers sub-groups under A4 category defined.[119] This include elevation of Filipino seafarers to A4 category from either B3 (other essential workers) or B5 (overseas Filipino workers) categories. Applies to both seafarers working domestically and those deployed overseas.[113]
  • May 21, 2021 – Front line employees in the BPO industry and in the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) added to the A4 category.[114]
  • May 22, 2021 – Olympic coaches, athletes, and delegates added to the A4 category.[115]
  • May 27, 2021 – Included in A1 Category are outbound Overseas Filipino Workers[111] and included in A4 category are private sector employees, government employees (including GOCCs and LGUs), and informal sector employees and self-employed individuals.[116]
  • June 7, 2021 – Workers in the entertainment industry particularly hosts, actors, and production crew were added to the A4 category.[citation needed]

Controversies[]

Black market[]

In January 2021, during the time when only the Pfizer–BioNTech vaccine had an emergency use authorization, it was reported that an alleged black market of smuggled vaccines from China has established itself in the Philippines. The demand for the vaccines is particularly high for Chinese nationals in the country, especially those employed by Philippine Offshore Gaming Operators (POGOs). The doses are reportedly sold at inflated prices, considerably more expensive than the standard price of the same vaccines in China.[120]

In late March 2021, the FDA released an advisory cautioning the public against fake vaccines and that vaccines which had emergency use authorization are not authorized to be sold commercially. Although as of that date, there are no reports yet of fake vaccines proliferating in the country as per the FDA.[121]

Line jumping[]

The DOH reported in March 2021 that a number of individuals had jumped the line to get the vaccine, becoming vaccinated despite being otherwise ineligible to do so.[122] These include several local government officials, prompting the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) to issue show cause orders against them to explain why they were vaccinated,[123] and actor Mark Anthony Fernandez, who was vaccinated despite not belonging to a priority group for the vaccine.[124] Fernandez, for his part, claimed that he had underlying health conditions that otherwise made him eligible.[125]

The issue has raised the concerns of the Commission on Human Rights,[126] and has also led to the WHO warning the Philippine government that it risks losing access to its share of vaccines provided by COVAX if the practice continues.[127]

A number of suggestions were floated to address line jumping, with Senator Franklin Drilon urging the government to ramp up the country's vaccine supply,[128] and Representative Precious Hipolito, who represents the second district of Quezon City, filing a bill that would amend the Philippines' COVID-19 vaccination law to criminalize the practice.[129]

Vaccination of the Presidential Security Group and President Duterte[]

This section is an excerpt from Philippine government response to the COVID-19 pandemic § Military and PSG vaccination controversy.[]

In 2020, members of the Presidential Security Group (PSG), Cabinet officials, a senator, and the Special Envoy for Public Diplomacy to China received vaccines without clearance from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the Department of Health (DOH).[130]

Duterte said in December 2020 that some members of the military received COVID-19 vaccine from Chinese manufacturer Sinopharm despite the vaccine not yet officially approved by the country's health authorities.[131] A few days later, it was reported that some members of the PSG had also received vaccines from an unknown manufacturer.[132][133] Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana said that the vaccine used by the security group were smuggled.[134] Brig. Gen. Jesus Durante III said that members of the PSG were vaccinated as early as September 2020 and Duterte said that PSG personnel administered the vaccines themselves.[135] Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque urged the public to "just accept" that some soldiers have received COVID-19 vaccines.[136] On December 28, the Armed Forces of the Philippines said that the PSG members were the first ones to be vaccinated to "protect" Duterte.[137]

On December 29, FDA Director General Enrique Domingo said that the DOH and the FDA were not consulted over the inoculation of soldiers and other government officials.[138] On December 30, Durante said that he will take "full responsibility" for the vaccine administered to the PSG.[133]

In 2021, criminal investigations and hearings were ordered by the National Bureau of Investigation,[132] the FDA,[139] and the Philippine Senate over alleged irregularities with the vaccinations.

On January 4, 2021, Duterte ordered the PSG to either not attend any congressional meeting regarding the unauthorized vaccination or stay quiet during such a hearing, contradicting the Presidential Spokesperson who said that the PSG will submit to any investigation.[140] On January 5, despite Duterte's threat of a potential "crisis" if senators questioned his military bodyguards, the Senate opened an investigation for the unauthorized use of COVID-19 vaccines.[141][142] On January 6, Senator Sherwin Gatchalian said he found nothing wrong with giving vaccines to PSG members since they were considered frontliners, though he acknowledged and took issue with the fact that the vaccines were brought into the country illegally.[143]
Health Secretary Francisco Duque III administering the Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV vaccine to President Rodrigo Duterte in May 2021

On May 3, 2021, President Rodrigo Duterte received his first dose of the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine despite the latter not receiving an EUA from FDA. The FDA only issued a one-time compassionate special permit (CSP) for 10,000 doses of the vaccine for the PSG.[144]

But due to public outrage, President Duterte apologized for taking the vaccine that has not been authorized by the FDA for emergency use and asked the Chinese Embassy to take back its donation.[145]

Non-recognition of vaccine certificates by Hong Kong[]

Foreign Affairs Secretary Teodoro Locsin Jr. announced the Government of Hong Kong will not honor the proof of vaccination issued by local government units and the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines due to a lack of a central registry. This was after several Overseas Filipino Worker (OFWs) bound for the territory were reported to have been refused entry due to non-recognition of their vaccine certificates.[146][147]

As an interim solution, the Department of Health confirmed that all outbound travelers would use the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) issued by the Bureau of Quarantine as an official proof of vaccination for international travel better known as the "yellow card".[146]

On August 22, 2021, the Department of Labor and Employment announced that the Government of Hong Kong will permit the entry of fully vaccinated Filipino workers into the territory upon the presentation of the International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine (BOQ) beginning on August 30, 2021.[148]

See also[]

  • Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines

Notes[]

  1. ^ A portmanteau of Tagalog words resbak (wrest back; to retaliate or to avenge) and bakuna (vaccine); literally, "to take retaliate [on COVID-19] with a vaccine"
  2. ^ 22,354,429 of these have only been administered with the first dose, while 17,675,959 has been fully vaccinated.
  3. ^ Local executives (governors, mayors, and barangay captains) were considered as frontline personnel

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "Vaccine Statistics: As of September 15, 2021". Department of Health. Retrieved September 16, 2021.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b "IATF approves the Philippine National Vaccination Program and Implementation Plan". ptvnews.ph. November 6, 2020. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  3. ^ "VERA FILES FACT SHEET: The vaccine czar, explained". Vera Files. November 10, 2020. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  4. ^ "IATF replaces DOH-led task force with COVID-19 vaccine cluster headed by Galvez". CNN Philippines. November 6, 2020. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  5. ^ "Philippines warns of unapproved Covid-19 shots as soldiers get jabs". The Strait Times.
  6. ^ Aguilar, Krissy (January 12, 2021). "PH eyes rollout of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine via COVAX facility in Feb". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  7. ^ "'Impasse' on delivery of Pfizer vaccines cleared, as PH receives contract side letter — WHO". 23 February 2021.
  8. ^ "Philippines may start mass vaccination in second quarter with limited doses". News5. March 1, 2021.
  9. ^ "Duterte allows FDA to issue emergency use authorization for COVID-19 vaccines, drugs". CNN Philippines. December 2, 2020. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
  10. ^ Ferreras, Vince (January 6, 2021). "AstraZeneca applies for COVID-19 vaccine emergency use in PH – FDA". CNN Philippines. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  11. ^ "FDA Circular No. 2020-036: Guidelines on the Issuance of Emergency Use Authorization for Drugs and Vaccines for COVID-19". Food and Drug Administration of the Philippines. December 14, 2020. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Tomacruz, Sofia (January 6, 2021). "How FDA grants emergency approval for COVID-19 vaccines, meds". Rappler. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  13. ^ Jump up to: a b "Three drugmakers eye vaccine emergency use in PH". CNN Philippines. December 15, 2020. Retrieved December 15, 2020.
  14. ^ Cinco, Maricar (February 10, 2021). "Vaccine delivery dry run goes well". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
  15. ^ Baclig, Cristina Eloisa (February 26, 2021). "EXPLAINER: Overworked, underpaid HCWs' woes on Sinovac vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  16. ^ "Sinovac vaccines to go to military, economic frontliners". Manila Bulletin. February 22, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  17. ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin (February 26, 2021). "Breaking: IATF OKs Sinovac use for healthcare workers — DOH". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved February 28, 2021.
  18. ^ News, Kristine Sabillo, ABS-CBN (February 26, 2021). "Advisory group OKs use of Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine for PH health workers". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  19. ^ "Protesting PGH workers demand 'best vaccine'". The Manila Times. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
  20. ^ "Only health care workers can refuse Sinovac vaccine without losing priority status – Roque". cnn. Retrieved February 28, 2021.
  21. ^ "Meet Dr. Gerardo Legaspi, the first to be officially vaccinated against COVID-19 in PH". ABS-CBN News. March 1, 2021. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
  22. ^ Tan, Lara (March 1, 2021). "State hospital PGH's director first to receive COVID-19 vaccine in PH". CNN Philippines. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
  23. ^ Parrocha, Azer (March 1, 2021). "PH kick-starts Covid-19 vaccination drive with CoronaVac". Philippine News Agency. Philippine News Agency. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
  24. ^ "Covid shots for health workers, not LGU execs". SunStar. March 4, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
  25. ^ "DOH to probe vaccination of non-health workers". SunStar. March 4, 2021. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
  26. ^ Aguilar, Krissy (March 5, 2021). "Saturday rollout of AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine eyed". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
  27. ^ Cabalza, Dexter (March 7, 2021). "Senior health workers among first to get AstraZeneca shots". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
  28. ^ Jump up to: a b Robbie de Guzman (May 3, 2021). "First batch of Sputnik V vaccines to be given to five Metro Manila cities – DOH". UNTV NEWS & RESCUE. Retrieved May 3, 2021.
  29. ^ De Leon, Dwight (May 12, 2021). "Rollout of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccines begins in the Philippines". Rappler.
  30. ^ Reuters, Story by. "Philippine President threatens to jail those who refuse Covid-19 vaccine". CNN. Retrieved 2021-06-23.
  31. ^ "'COVID vaccine or jail?': Duterte warns as Delta variant surges".
  32. ^ Jump up to: a b De Leon, Dwight (June 30, 2021). "Rollout of Moderna's COVID-19 vaccines starts in the Philippines". Rappler.
  33. ^ De Leon, Dwight (July 20, 2021). "PH begins rollout of J&J COVID-19 vaccines". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  34. ^ "Experts approve Sputnik V-AstraZeneca vaccine mix amid delays – official". CNN Philippines. August 12, 2021. Retrieved August 12, 2021.
  35. ^ Talabong, Rambo (July 4, 2021). "Fully vaccinated? Here are rules for traveling within the Philippines". Rappler. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  36. ^ Aguilar, Krissy (July 30, 2021). "Philippines revises list of 'green countries' or low-COVID risk territories". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  37. ^ Grana, Rhia (August 11, 2021). "Traveling abroad after the lockdown? Here's how to get an International Vaccine Certificate". ANC-X. Retrieved August 11, 2021.
  38. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Gov't secures 164M doses of Covid-19 vax for 2021". Philippine News Agency. June 22, 2021. Retrieved July 22, 2021.
  39. ^ Jump up to: a b c Mejia, Martin (2021-03-23). "Philippines: COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 2021-08-26.
  40. ^ "PH authorizes Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use". CNN Philippines. January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
  41. ^ "Makati begins use of Pfizer COVID-19 jabs". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved May 12, 2021.
  42. ^ Tomacruz, Sofia (January 28, 2021). "Philippines approves AstraZeneca vaccine for emergency use". Rappler.
  43. ^ Jump up to: a b "Philippines orders 10 million more Sinovac COVID-19 vaccine doses". ABS-CBN News. August 25, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.
  44. ^ Parrocha, Azer (March 4, 2021). "China to donate add'l 400K Sinovac vaccine doses to PH". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  45. ^ "Philippines approves Sinovac's COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use". Reuters. February 22, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
  46. ^ "Philippines approves emergency use of Russia's Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine". BusinessWorld. Retrieved March 19, 2021.
  47. ^ "30M doses of Novavax to arrive in PH in Sept, 8M do next month – PH envoy". The Filipino Times. April 26, 2021.
  48. ^ Jump up to: a b "Covaxin, Janssen approved for emergency use in PH". CNN Philippines. April 19, 2021.
  49. ^ "Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for Whole Virion, Inactivated Corona Virus Vaccine Covaxin" (PDF). fda.gov.ph. Food and Drug Administration (Philippines). June 21, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  50. ^ "Philippine FDA issues full EUA to Bharat Biotech's Covaxin". Manila Bulletin. June 23, 2021.
  51. ^ Dela Cruz, Raymond Carl. "PH gets first batch of US-donated 3.2M Janssen vax doses". www.pna.gov.ph. Retrieved 2021-07-17.
  52. ^ Jump up to: a b GARCIA, ANGELICA (27 June 2021). "Almost 250K Moderna COVID-19 vaccine doses arrive in Philippines". GMA News. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  53. ^ Galvez, Daphne (May 5, 2021). "Moderna COVID-19 vaccine gets emergency use authorization". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
  54. ^ A further emergency use authorization was issued to Hayat-Vax, the licensed vaccine of the BBIBP-CorV manufactured by the United Arab Emirates on 11 August 2021.
  55. ^ Aguilar, Krissy (June 7, 2021). "FDA approves emergency use of Hayat-Vax COVID-19 vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
  56. ^ De Vera, Analou (August 25, 2021). "FDA grants EUA to COVID-19 vaccine Sinopharm manufactured by Wuhan affiliate". Manila Bulletin.
  57. ^ "Philippines grants emergency approval for Russia's Sputnik Light vaccine". Rappler. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
  58. ^ Magsambol, Bonz (6 August 2021). "Novavax applies for emergency use of its COVID-19 vaccine in Philippines". Rappler.
  59. ^ Jump up to: a b "Firm looks to build vaccine manufacturing plant in PH". ABS-CBN News. April 12, 2021. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  60. ^ Jump up to: a b Ramos, Christia Marie (December 27, 2020). "Moderna 'accelerating huge shipment' of COVID-19 vaccines to PH – Locsin". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  61. ^ "Galvez: Bulk of COVID-19 vaccines for PH will come from US drug maker Novavax". Manila Bulletin. January 11, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  62. ^ Jump up to: a b Aurelio, Julie; Salaverria, Leila (December 27, 2020). "DOH: 50% vaccine efficacy is OK". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  63. ^ CASILAO, JOAHNA LEI (July 24, 2021). "Philippines to get 171 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines in 2021 –DOF". GMA News. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
  64. ^ Patinio, Ferdinand (February 23, 2021). "PH asks UK, Germany to provide vaccines for OFWs". Philippine News Agency. Philippine News Agency. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
  65. ^ Morales, Neil Jerome (24 February 2021). "Philippines offers nurses in exchange for vaccines from Britain, Germany". Reuters.
  66. ^ Valentin, Crissy (February 24, 2021). "OFW group slams nurse deployment-for-vaccine proposition to UK, Germany". BusinessWorld. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
  67. ^ Cabico, Gaea Katreena (September 2, 2021). "Philippines in talks with 4 vaccine makers for booster deals". philstar. Retrieved September 3, 2021.
  68. ^ "LIST: Local governments rolling out plans for free COVID-19 vaccines". Rappler. January 4, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  69. ^ Salaverria, Leila (January 13, 2021). "No national government 'monopoly' in COVID-19 vaccine procurement – Palace". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
  70. ^ "Philippines receives first batch of COVID-19 vaccine donated by China". Nikkei Asia. February 28, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
  71. ^ Gonzales, Cathrine (March 4, 2021). "AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccines from Covax donated by European countries – DOH". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
  72. ^ Esguerra, Darryl John (July 24, 2020). "Philippines joins COVID-19 vaccine global access facility". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
  73. ^ "The Covax Facility: Interim Distribution Forecast – latest as of 3 February 2021" (PDF). COVAX. February 3, 2021.
  74. ^ "PH in talks with Israel for possible COVID-19 vaccine donation". CNN Philippines. March 18, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
  75. ^ "Philippines receives Japan's donation of 1.1 million AstraZeneca doses". GMA News. July 8, 2021. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
  76. ^ "Philippines gets first 1.6 million doses of Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 jab". INQUIRER.net. July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  77. ^ Jump up to: a b "2nd batch of 1.6M Janssen vaccine doses arrive at NAIA". INQUIRER.net. July 17, 2021. Retrieved July 17, 2021.
  78. ^ "Philippines receives over 415k doses of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine from UK". GMA News. August 2, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2021.
  79. ^ "Duterte receives US donation of 3 million doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccines". GMA News. August 3, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2021.
  80. ^ Jump up to: a b Tomacruz, Sofia (11 August 2021). "UAE gives 100,000 Sinopharm vaccine doses to Philippines". Rappler. Retrieved 11 August 2021.
  81. ^ Jump up to: a b "China donates Sinopharm vaccine doses to Philippines". Rappler. August 20, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.
  82. ^ Jump up to: a b "1M Sinovac and 260,800 Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine doses arrive in the Philippines". GMA News. August 21, 2021. Retrieved August 26, 2021.
  83. ^ Punzalan, Jamaine (June 28, 2021). "Philippines eyes getting some of Canada's excess COVID-19 vaccines: envoy". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  84. ^ Jump up to: a b Campos, Othel (March 28, 2021). "Local firms seek technologies for making vaccine". Manila Standard. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  85. ^ Cahiles-Magkilat, Bernie (April 16, 2021). "Unilab confirmed for COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
  86. ^ "Philippines may get Pfizer COVID-19 shots in 'couple of weeks': envoy". ABS-CBN News. March 5, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
  87. ^ Calayag, Keith (June 20, 2021). "PH to procure 40M Pfizer doses". The Manila Times. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  88. ^ "193K Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine doses arrive in Philippines". GMA News. May 10, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
  89. ^ Manahan, Job (June 10, 2021). "Almost 2.28 million of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine doses arrive in PH". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  90. ^ "Over 500K doses of Pfizer vaccine delivered in PH". Manila Bulletin. July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  91. ^ Crismundo, Kris (January 14, 2021). "PH signs deal with AstraZeneca for 17M doses of Covid-19 vaccine". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved June 29, 2021.
  92. ^ "487,200 doses of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines from COVAX Facility arrive in PH". ABS-CBN News. March 4, 2021. Retrieved March 6, 2021.
  93. ^ "38,400 more doses of AstraZeneca's COVID-19 vaccine to arrive Sunday – Galvez". ABS-CBN News. March 6, 2021.
  94. ^ "2M AstraZeneca COVID vaccine doses arrive in Philippines". GMA News Online. May 8, 2021. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
  95. ^ "2 million AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines arrive in PH through COVAX". ABS-CBN News. May 8, 2021. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
  96. ^ "Philippines receives 1.15M more doses of AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine". GMA News. July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  97. ^ "Sinovac's COVID-19 vaccine has 91% efficacy, Turkey says". Nikkei Asia. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  98. ^ "Sinovac Shot Shown 78% Effective in Brazil After Data Confusion". Bloomberg.com. January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  99. ^ "Lacson: Philippines might have to settle for Sinovac after Duterte's threat vs. US on terminating VFA". GMA News. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  100. ^ "FDA chief: Scientific publication on Sinovac's efficacy yet to be released". GMA News. Retrieved January 1, 2021.
  101. ^ "First batch of purchased COVID-19 vaccines reach PH". CNN Philippines. March 29, 2021. Retrieved March 29, 2021.
  102. ^ "PH seen as Asia hub for Sputnik V vaccine –". Asian Journal News. March 27, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
  103. ^ Parrocha, Azer (April 29, 2021). "Lack of direct flights delays Sputnik vax delivery". Philippine News Agency.
  104. ^ "Philippines receives first batch of Russia's Sputnik V vaccines | The Star". The Star. Star Media Group Berhad. May 1, 2021. Retrieved May 1, 2021.
  105. ^ "US-donated 1.6 million Johnson and Johnson COVID-19 jabs arrive in PH". ABS-CBN News. July 16, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  106. ^ Deiparine, Christian (March 7, 2021). "Philippines reaches supply deal with Moderna for 13 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine". The Philippine Star. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
  107. ^ Ramos, Christia Marie (21 June 2021). "Around 300K Moderna vaccine doses to arrive June 27, 'bigger shipments' by July, August — envoy". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
  108. ^ Aguilar, Krissy (February 5, 2021). "LIST: Priority groups for government's Covid-19 vaccination program". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
  109. ^ "Government rolls out A4 vaccination today". The Philippine Star. June 7, 2021. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
  110. ^ "Who will be vaccinated first?". Government of the Philippines. March 18, 2021. Retrieved April 7, 2021. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  111. ^ Jump up to: a b Punzalan, Jamaine (May 28, 2021). "Outbound OFWs now part of top COVID-19 vaccination priority: task force". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
  112. ^ Jump up to: a b "Judiciary workers move up jab list". Manila Standard. April 6, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
  113. ^ Jump up to: a b "Filipino seafarers elevated in COVID-19 vaccination priority list – DOTr". ABS-CBN News. April 12, 2021. Retrieved April 12, 2021.
  114. ^ Jump up to: a b Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (May 21, 2021). "Poll personnel, BPO workers now part of A4 vax priority group". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
  115. ^ Jump up to: a b Villar, Joey (May 25, 2021). "Olympic, SEAG athletes to get vaccinated Friday". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
  116. ^ Jump up to: a b Punzalan, Jamaine (May 28, 2021). "Private sector, gov't workers: COVID-19 task force 'simplifies' A4 vaccination priority group". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
  117. ^ "Local chief execs move up in COVID-19 vaccine priority list". CNN Philippines. March 20, 2021. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
  118. ^ Cabico, Gaea Katreena (March 29, 2021). "DOH identifies comorbidities to be prioritized for COVID-19 inoculation". The Philippine Star. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
  119. ^ "Over a million already vaccinated, next in line for jabs bared". Manila Standard. April 13, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2021.
  120. ^ Mendiola, Ritchel (January 20, 2021). "Report: Black market for illegal COVID vaccines emerges in PH —". Asian Journal News. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
  121. ^ Gonzales, Cathrine (March 30, 2021). "How to spot fake COVID-19 vaccines". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
  122. ^ Gonzales, Cathrine (March 22, 2021). "Non-frontliners jumping COVID-19 vaccination queue – DOH official". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  123. ^ Hallare, Katrina (March 31, 2021). "DILG issues show-cause orders vs 13 local execs for jumping vaccination queue". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  124. ^ Punzalan, Jamaine (March 25, 2021). "DILG to issue show cause order vs Parañaque mayor over actor's COVID-19 vaccination". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  125. ^ Gulla, Vivienne (March 25, 2021). "Actor Mark Anthony Fernandez says 'no violation' in getting early COVID-19 vaccine". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  126. ^ Ramos, Christia Marie (March 22, 2021). "CHR raises concern over reports of non-frontliners jumping vax line". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  127. ^ Esguerra, Anthony (March 25, 2021). "Vaccine Line-Jumping in the Philippines Is Getting So Bad That WHO Might Punish the Country for It". Vice News. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  128. ^ Mercado, Neil Arwin (March 26, 2021). "Amid line-jumpers, Drilon says gov't should ramp up vaccine supply". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  129. ^ Aurelio, Julie M. (March 28, 2021). "Lawmaker wants those mishandling vaccines, jumping the line penalized". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
  130. ^ Ranada, Pia (February 24, 2021). "Mon Tulfo: Nothing wrong with Duterte asking for Sinopharm vaccines". Rappler. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  131. ^ "Duterte claims many in PH have received Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine". Manila Bulletin. December 27, 2020. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  132. ^ Jump up to: a b "Vaccination probe: NBI counting on PSG chief's cooperation". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
  133. ^ Jump up to: a b "PSG chief: 'I take full responsibility' for unregistered vaccine use". Rappler. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
  134. ^ "COVID-19 vaccines used by PSG were 'smuggled', says defense chief". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  135. ^ "Presidential Security Group got coronavirus vaccines in September, says chief". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  136. ^ "Palace tells public: Just accept that some soldiers were vaccinated vs COVID-19". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  137. ^ "AFP: PSG members got vaccinated first to 'protect' Duterte from COVID-19". CNN Philippines. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  138. ^ "DOH, FDA not consulted on early vaccination of soldiers, officials". Rappler. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  139. ^ "Special envoy to China Mon Tulfo facing probe for illegal use of Sinopharm vaccines". CNN. February 24, 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  140. ^ "Duterte bars PSG from baring info on unauthorized vaccine before Congress". Rappler. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  141. ^ "Senate probe into COVID-19 vaccines still on despite Duterte threat". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  142. ^ "While Duterte threatens 'crisis,' Senate vows to probe gov't vaccination program". Rappler. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  143. ^ "Gatchalian says nothing wrong giving vaccines to PSG: They are frontliners". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  144. ^ Aguilar, Krissy (May 3, 2021). "Duterte receives China's Sinopharm vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved May 4, 2021.
  145. ^ "Duterte receives China's Sinopharm vaccine". Philippine Daily Inquirer. May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
  146. ^ Jump up to: a b Santos, Tina G.; Chiu, Patricia Denise M. (August 12, 2021). "Stopgap eyed as PH still lacks unified COVID-19 vaccination cards". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved August 14, 2021.
  147. ^ "Hong Kong won't honor PH vaccination cards, but govt agency fixing documents". CNN Philippines. August 11, 2021. Retrieved August 14, 2021.
  148. ^ "Hong Kong to allow entry of vaccinated OFWs next week — DOLE". CNN Philippines. August 22, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
Retrieved from ""