Death of Conrad Roy
Death of Conrad Roy | |
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Location | Kmart parking lot in Fairhaven, Massachusetts, U.S. |
Date | July 13, 2014 |
Attack type | Encouraged suicide, manslaughter, mariticide |
Weapon | Carbon monoxide poisoning |
Victim | Conrad Henri Roy III |
Perpetrator | Michelle Diana Carter |
Verdict | Guilty |
Convictions | Involuntary manslaughter Death of Conrad Roy |
Sentence | 15 months in prison plus 5 years probation (paroled after 11 months) |
Conrad Henri Roy III (September 12, 1995 – July 13, 2014) was an American man who died by suicide at the age of 18. His girlfriend, then 17-year-old Michelle Carter, encouraged him in text messages to kill himself. The case was the subject of a notable investigation and involuntary manslaughter trial in Massachusetts, colloquially known as the "texting suicide case." Commonwealth v. Michelle Carter involved scores of text messages, emails, and phone calls recorded between Carter and Roy in the leadup to his death, in which Carter repeatedly encouraged Roy to kill himself. Roy had seen numerous mental health professionals, and he insisted that he wanted to die. Carter and Roy had both been prescribed psychiatric medication. The case raised questions pertaining to the nature and limits of criminal responsibility.[1] Judge Moniz concluded that Carter wanted Roy dead and that her words coerced him to kill himself, a position that has been subject to some criticism.[2] Carter was convicted by the judge of involuntary manslaughter, chiefly on the basis of her final phone call in which she ordered Roy, after he had become scared, to go back inside his truck as it filled with lethal carbon monoxide.[3][4]
Roy's mental health and relationship with Carter[]
Michelle Carter | |
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Born | Michelle Diana Carter August 11, 1996 |
Status | Released early on January 23, 2020 for good conduct.[5] |
Known for | Killing Conrad Roy |
Conviction(s) | Involuntary manslaughter |
Criminal penalty | 2½ years in prison, reduced to 15 months in prison plus 5 years probation |
Partner(s) | Conrad Roy (2012-2014; his death) |
Details | |
Victims | Conrad Roy |
Date | July 13, 2014 |
State(s) | Massachusetts |
Date apprehended | February 4, 2015 |
Imprisoned at | Bristol County House of Correction |
Roy was born in 1995 in Mattapoisett, Massachusetts. He was sometimes socially anxious attending school and going into the classroom. He worked with his father, grandfather, and uncle for several years in his family's marine salvage business, Tucker-Roy Marine Towing and Salvage, Inc., in the New England area. In the Spring of 2014, he earned his captain's license from the Northeast Maritime Institute by completing three months of night classes.[6] In June 2014 he graduated on the Honor Roll (highest grades) from Old Rochester Regional High School (ORR) in Mattapoisett. He was an all-around high school athlete who played baseball, rowed crew, and ran track. He graduated with a 3.88 GPA and was accepted to Fitchburg State University to study business, but at that point decided not to go.[7][8]
Carter was born on August 11, 1996, in Massachusetts to Gail and David Carter. She went to King Philip Regional High School, Wrentham. She had developed an eating disorder from the age of 8 or 9, may have injured herself by cutting,[9] was on prescription psychiatric medication from the age of 14, and attended counselling at McLean Hospital in Belmont.[10][11]
Carter and Conrad Roy met in Florida in 2012 while each had been visiting relatives. After this initial encounter, they saw each other in person again only a handful of times over the course of two years, despite having lived only about 35 miles (56 km) away from each other in the Boston suburbs.[7][12] Instead, they mostly exchanged text messages and emails.[13][14][15]
According to court documents, Roy had allegedly been physically hit by his father and verbally abused by his grandfather. He tried to kill himself in October 2012 while despondent after his parents divorced.[13][16] After learning that he was planning to kill himself, Carter repeatedly discouraged him from attempting suicide in 2012 and 2014 and encouraged him to "get professional help". However, her attitude changed in July 2014, when she started thinking that it would be a "good thing to help him die".[13] In June, Roy had texted Carter suggesting they act like Romeo and Juliet, checking that she understood they had each killed themselves.[17]
Roy struggled with social anxiety and depression for which he had seen several therapists and counselors, including a cognitive behavioral therapist in the weeks prior to his death. He had been hospitalized for an acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose at the age of 17; he was talking to a girl he had met in a group and she called the police.[6][7] He had been taking the antidepressant citalopram, also known as Celexa, for some time.[18] In the United States, citalopram carries a boxed warning stating it may increase suicidal thinking and behavior in those under age 24. In 2016 the judge had refused the defense's request for funds to hire an expert on Celexa, describing it as 'speculative'.[19][20][21] Videos that Roy made of himself talking to a camera formed an important part of the case.[22]
Roy's death[]
On Sunday, July 13, 2014, following digital exchanges with Carter while interacting with his family, Roy died by suicide by poisoning himself with carbon monoxide fumes in his truck in a Kmart parking lot in Fairhaven, Massachusetts.
Roy's funeral was held on Saturday, July 19, 2014, at St. Anthony's Church in Mattapoisett. The Captain Conrad H. Roy III Scholarship Fund at the Northeast Maritime Institute in Fairhaven, Massachusetts, was established in his memory.[23]
Commonwealth v. Michelle Carter[]
Commonwealth v. Michelle Carter | |
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Court | New Bedford Juvenile Court |
Full case name | The Commonwealth of Massachusetts v. Michelle Diana Carter |
Submitted | February 4, 2015 |
Decided | June 16, 2017 |
Verdict | Guilty of involuntary manslaughter |
Case history | |
Subsequent action(s) | Defendant was sentenced to 2½ years in prison (sentence later reduced to 15 months). |
Case opinions | |
Decision by | Lawrence Moniz |
Michelle Carter was indicted on February 4, 2015, and arraigned the following day in New Bedford Juvenile Court in Taunton, Massachusetts on charges of involuntary manslaughter. The grand jury found enough to charge her with "wantonly and recklessly" assisting the suicide. She was 17 at the time and the court indicted her as a 'youthful offender' rather than a 'juvenile', meaning she could be sentenced as an adult.[24][25]
In June 2015, a district court judge denied a defense motion to remove the Bristol County District Attorney's office from the prosecution. The defense argued that DA Thomas M. Quinn III should be removed because he is first cousin to Roy's grandmother Janice Roy and therefore Conrad's first cousin twice removed. However, Quinn had already handed the case over to his Deputy DA William McCauley.[26] On July 1, 2016 an appeal to the grand jury indictment heard by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court was also denied, allowing the case to go forward.[27][28] Justice Robert J. Cordy, writing for the unanimous court, found there was probable cause to sustain the manslaughter indictment.[29][30]
On Monday, June 5, 2017, the day before the trial was scheduled to begin, Carter waived her right to a jury trial. Therefore, the case was heard by Judge Lawrence Moniz in the Bristol County Juvenile Court of Massachusetts, in Taunton.[31][32] Carter was represented by Joseph P. Cataldo and Cory Madera.[33] As there was limited legal precedent for prosecuting the encouragement of suicide, Cataldo initially asked a Taunton Juvenile Court judge for summary dismissal, arguing that Carter's texts were protected under the First Amendment and that the text history showed that Roy had been contemplating suicide without Carter's input. The judge declined this motion.[34][35]
On June 16, 2017, Judge Lawrence Moniz of the Bristol County Juvenile Court of Massachusetts in Taunton found Carter guilty of involuntary manslaughter.[33][36][37][38] He stated prior to his ruling that it was Carter's phone calls with Roy when he was in his truck gassing himself (as described by Carter's texts to friends), rather than the preceding text messages, that caused him to go through with killing himself.[39] Judge Moniz found that Roy had broken the “chain of self-causation” towards his suicide when he exited the truck and that it was Carter's wanton and reckless encouragement to then return to the truck that caused his death.[29]
After the guilty verdict, Roy's father stated publicly that the family were pleased with the verdict but that they wanted privacy and time to process the events they have experienced; Lynn Roy appeared on the CBS 48 Hours show, saying she didn't believe Carter had a conscience and that she knew exactly what she was doing.[40]
Carter remained free on bail pending her sentencing.[41] On August 3, 2017, Judge Lawrence Moniz sentenced Carter to serve a two-and-a-half-year term, with 15 months to be served in the Bristol County House of Corrections, the rest of the balance suspended, and five years of probation to be served.[42][43] Soon after the sentencing was handed down, Carter's lawyers asked Judge Moniz to issue a stay of the sentence until all of Carter's Massachusetts court appeals options are exhausted. Judge Moniz granted the stay with conditions that Carter stay away from the Roy family.[44]
On February 6, 2019, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled that Carter acted with criminal intent when she encouraged Roy into suicide, so her involuntary manslaughter conviction was ordered to stand and that Carter's 15-month prison sentence would be enforced in the near future.[45] The rest of the 2½-year sentence was suspended, followed by five years of probation.[46]
Under order from a Massachusetts judge, Carter began serving her 15-month sentence on February 11, 2019.[47][48][49] Carter had requested a parole hearing for early release, but the parole board denied the request on September 20, 2019.[50]
Meanwhile, Carter's lawyers petitioned the case to the Supreme Court of the United States in July 2019 based upon First Amendment and Fifth Amendment grounds.[51] Carter's defense lawyers argued that Roy had a history of suicide attempts and the decision to end his life was his own,[52] that Carter was "bewildered" over the case against her, and that, "Taking all the texts in context, she tried to talk him out of it."[53] They argued in initial hearings that the defendant had broken no law and had a first amendment right to free speech, and that at that time she was a juvenile. The Supreme Court declined to hear the case in January 2020, leaving in place the Massachusetts Supreme Court conviction.[54]
On January 23, 2020, Carter was released early from prison more than three months before her sentence ended due to good conduct.[55] Massachusetts state law allows inmates to reduce their sentences by 10 days per month for exemplary behavior. Carter served 11 months and 12 days of her 15-month sentence.[56]
Legal repercussions[]
Some expected the case to set a legal precedent,[57] regarding, as Ray Sanchez and Natisha Lance of CNN put it, "whether it's a crime to tell someone to commit suicide." Sanchez and Lance also stated that "The ruling... may spur lawmakers to codify the behavior highlighted in the case as criminal."[58] The judge had noted that Carter had willed Roy's death, that she did not order him out of the truck and that her actions "put him in that toxic environment" which "constituted reckless conduct" and "that the conduct caused the death of Mr. Roy."[58]
While U.S. law does not allow the lower-court decision to bind other courts,[59] legal professionals believe it could have a social effect by raising other courts' attention to new, digital methods of committing crimes.[60] The case also attempts to redefine the social spectrum in which attitudes and behaviors would qualify as criminal that were not considered criminal before.[61]
In media[]
On September 23, 2018, Lifetime released a telefilm entitled Conrad & Michelle: If Words Could Kill which stars Austin P. McKenzie as Conrad Roy and Bella Thorne as Michelle Carter.[62]
A Dateline NBC episode regarding the case, entitled Reckless, aired on NBC on February 8, 2019. In addition to covering the court proceedings of Carter's conviction, Dateline correspondent Andrea Canning interviewed both the prosecution and defense attorneys, along with Conrad Roy's family members.[63]
On July 9, 2019, HBO released a two-part documentary on the case called I Love You, Now Die: The Commonwealth Vs. Michelle Carter, which explores the complicated relationship between Carter and Roy, drawing on some of the thousands of texts they exchanged over two years to chronicle their courtship and its tragic consequences. The film premiered at South by Southwest 2019, and was directed and produced by Erin Lee Carr.[64] The same week as the documentary release, Carter's lawyers submitted a petition[65] to the Supreme Court to consider her encouragement to commit suicide as protected free speech. Constitutional law scholar Eugene Volokh was reported as saying he did not expect the justices to take the case.[66] The court declined to take up the case in January 2020.[67]
On August 15, 2019, it was announced that Universal Cable Productions was developing a television series inspired by the case.[68] On August 7, 2020 Variety reported that Elle Fanning would be starring as Michelle Carter and the series would be titled The Girl from Plainville which would be on Hulu.[69] Fanning, Liz Hannah, Patrick Macmanus and Brittany Kahan Ward are executive producers of the series and Unbelievable director Lisa Cholodenko was announced to direct the first two episodes.[70]
On May 7, 2021, the band SKYND, known for their true crime inspired music, released a single titled "Michelle Carter" based on the events of the case.[71] SKYND commented on the case to Wall of Sound, revealing "She could have helped him but instead she repeated herself over and over again telling Conrad to kill himself."[72]
See also[]
References[]
- ^ Truesdell, Jff (June 6, 2017). "5 Things to Know: The Teen Girl Who Allegedly Urged Her Boyfriend to Kill Himself Via Texts". People. Archived from the original on June 6, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
- ^ Tunick, Mark (April 16, 2019). Texting, Suicide, and The Law. doi:10.4324/9780429242977. ISBN 9780429242977.
- ^ Durkin Richer, Alanna (February 6, 2019). "High court upholds texting suicide manslaughter conviction". Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 30, 2020. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
- ^ Tunick, Mark (April 16, 2019). Texting, Suicide, and The Law. doi:10.4324/9780429242977. ISBN 9780429242977.
- ^ McNamara, Audrey (January 23, 2020). "Michelle Carter, who urged her boyfriend to kill himself in texts, is released early from jail". CBS News. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
- ^ a b mlawrence@s-t.com, Mike Lawrence. "Court filing reopens wound for family of Conrad Roy III". southcoasttoday.com. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ a b c "Does Encouraging Suicide Make You a Killer?". The Cut. March 1, 2016. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ "Michelle Carter trial: Conrad Roy's mother chokes up while testifying about last day they spent together". masslive.com. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ "Teen Accused of Urging Boyfriend's Suicide Took Meds that Hurt Her Ability to Empathize: Psychiatrist". People. June 12, 2017. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
- ^ Brown, Curt. "Contrasting views of evidence in Michelle Carter trial". Southcoasttoday.com. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
- ^ "Details emerge about Michelle Carter, Plainville teen accused of encouraging boyfriend Conrad Roy to kill himself". masslive.com. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ^ La Miere, Jason (June 16, 2017). "WHO IS MICHELLE CARTER? VERDICT REACHED IN TEXTING SUICIDE TRIAL INVOLVING DEATH OF CONRAD ROY III". Newsweek. Retrieved August 6, 2017.
- ^ a b c Seelye, Katharine Q.; Bidgood, Jess (June 12, 2017). "Trial Over Suicide and Texting Lays Bare Pain of 2 Teenagers". Nytimes.com. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- ^ "Death by Text: The case against Michelle Carter".
- ^ Taylor, Kate (July 9, 2019). "What We Know About the Michelle Carter Suicide Texting Case". The New York Times.
- ^ dlinton@thesunchronicle.com, David Linton. "Judge hears two different portraits of Plainville woman during texting-suicide trial". The Sun Chronicle. Retrieved June 28, 2017.
- ^ "Michelle Carter trial: Was Conrad Roy 'Romeo' or a 'pawn?' Defense and prosecution clash in opening statements". masslive.com. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ "Attorney for teen accused of encouraging boyfriend to kill himself raises questions about antidepressant". Boston.com. July 29, 2016. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
- ^ "Michelle Carter Might Not Be The Only Thing Responsible For Conrad Roy's Death". Thought Catalog. June 9, 2017. Retrieved August 7, 2017.
- ^ "Celexa (citalopram hydrobromide) Tablets/Oral Solution" (PDF). Prescribing Information. Forest Laboratories, Inc.
- ^ "Judge denies funds for drug expert in texting suicide case". Wpri.com. Associated Press. December 1, 2016. Retrieved August 7, 2017.
- ^ "Videos of Conrad Roy now key evidence in texting suicide trial". Cbsnews.com. Retrieved June 30, 2017.
- ^ "Conrad Roy Obituary - Mattapoisett, Massachusetts". Tributes.com. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- ^ "Plainville teen charged with manslaughter in friend's suicide". The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ "Trial Begins for Teen Accused of Urging Boyfriend to Suicide". Rolling Stone. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ Curt Brown. "Bristol DA's office can continue to prosecute Michelle Carter case". southcoasttoday.com. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ "Here's what Mass. Supreme Court justices asked about the suicide-encouragement case". Boston.com. April 7, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- ^ "Court OKs trial for girl who texted boyfriend urging suicide". AP News. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ a b Note, Recent Case: Trial Court Convicts Defendant of Involuntary Manslaughter Based on Encouragement of Suicide, 131 Harv. L. Rev. 918 (2018).
- ^ Commonwealth v. Carter, 52 N.E.3d 1054 (Mass. 2016).
- ^ Krause, Nancy; Machado, Steph; WPRI (June 6, 2017). "Michelle Carter waives right to jury trial; judge will decide case". Wwlp.com. Archived from the original on June 8, 2017. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
- ^ Ellement, John R.; Ransom, Jan (June 5, 2017). "Judge, not jury, will decide texting suicide case". Boston Globe.
- ^ a b Demick, Barbara (June 16, 2017). "Michelle Carter found guilty in Massachusetts texting suicide case". Los Angeles Times. Tribune Media. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
- ^ "Five facts to know about Michelle Carter, the Plainville teen accused of encouraging her boyfriend's suicide". Masslive.com. March 2016. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
- ^ "Manslaughter Trial Begins for Woman Accused of Coercing Suicide through Text Messages". Forensic Magazine. June 6, 2017. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
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- ^ "Michelle Carter found guilty in texting suicide case". BostonGlobe.com. Retrieved June 16, 2017.
- ^ Sanchez, Ray; Lance, Natisha (June 16, 2017). "Judge finds Michelle Carter guilty of manslaughter in texting suicide case". Cable News Network/Turner Broadcasting. CNN. Retrieved June 16, 2017.
- ^ "Michelle Carter found guilty by judge in text message suicide case". masslive.com. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
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- ^ "State's highest court affirms involuntary manslaughter conviction in texting-suicide case". WCVB. February 6, 2019. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
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- ^ McDonald, Danny (July 8, 2019). "Attorneys for Michelle Carter ask US Supreme Court to review her conviction in suicide case". The Boston Globe. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
- ^ Associated Press (June 16, 2017). "Defense: Michelle Carter was a 'very troubled youngster". Boston Globe Media Partners. Cosmopolitan. Retrieved June 16, 2017.
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- ^ a b Ray Sanchez; Natisha Lance (June 16, 2017). "Judge finds Michelle Carter guilty of manslaughter in texting suicide case". CNN. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- ^ Seelye, Katharine Q.; Bidgood, Jess (June 16, 2017). "Guilty Verdict for Young Woman Who Urged Friend to Kill Himself". The New York Times. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
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- ^ Baty, Emma (August 27, 2018). "Bella Thorne Will Play Michelle Carter in New Lifetime Movie About Conrad Roy III's Suicide". Cosmopolitan. Retrieved September 25, 2018.
- ^ Truesdell, Jeff (February 8, 2019). "After Urging Boyfriend to Kill Himself, Mass. Teen Told His Grieving Family She Tried to Save Him". People. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
- ^ "I Love You, Now Die: The Commonwealth vs. Michelle Carter". HBO. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
- ^ Daniel N. Marx (July 8, 2019). "PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI" (PDF). Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- ^ Stanley-Becker, Isaac (July 9, 2019). "She urged her boyfriend to die. Now she's asking the Supreme Court to call it free speech". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
- ^ Amy Howe (January 13, 2020). "Justices issue more orders, but no action on high-profile cases". SCOTUSblog. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
- ^ Petski, Nellie Andreeva,Denise; Andreeva, Nellie; Petski, Denise (August 15, 2019). "UCP To Develop True Crime Series About Texting Suicide Case". Deadline. Retrieved August 24, 2019.
- ^ Otterson, Joe (August 7, 2020). "Elle Fanning to Star in Hulu Series Based on Michelle Carter Texting Suicide Case". Variety. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
- ^ White, Peter (April 14, 2021). "Lisa Cholodenko To Direct Elle Fanning Hulu Series 'The Girl from Plainville'". Deadline.com. Deadline. Retrieved June 12, 2021.
- ^ "NEWS: SKYND release new song, 'Michelle Carter'!". DEAD PRESS! | It's more than "just music" to us. May 7, 2021. Retrieved May 7, 2021.
- ^ Brown, Paul 'Browny' (May 8, 2021). "SKYND Return with New True Crime Track 'Michelle Carter'". Wall Of Sound. Retrieved May 10, 2021.
External links[]
- Obituary page for Captain Conrad H. Roy III, July 13, 2014
- 'Remembering Conrad Roy' Facebook page
- Commonwealth's (New Bedford Juvenile Court) Response to Defendant's Motion to Dismiss, August 2015
- Michelle Carter Appellant Brief, March 2016
- Supreme Court affirms decision, July 2016
- Decision of Trial Judge, June 2017
- 20/20 Documentary on ABC
- 48 Hours Documentary on CBS
- What Happened to Conrad Roy? on The Doctor Oz Show
- Can words kill? Guilty verdict in texting suicide trial raises questions
- Deaths by person in the United States
- Manslaughter in the United States
- Suicides in Massachusetts
- Text messaging
- July 2014 crimes in the United States
- 2014 in Massachusetts
- July 2014 events in the United States
- Crimes in Massachusetts
- Fairhaven, Massachusetts
- 2014 suicides