Foreign relations of Barbados

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This article deals with the diplomatic affairs, foreign policy and international relations of Barbados.

At the political level, these matters are officially handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which answers to the Prime Minister. The Minister of Foreign Affairs, since May 2018 is: Senator The Hon. Jerome X. Walcott.

Barbados is a moderate political and economic power in the Caribbean region.

Between independence in 1966 and the 1990s, Barbados has used a pro business and investment policy to expand its influence in the world. Through the usage of its network of international bilateral relations, the country has been able to maintain an independent foreign policy. Barbados' recent policy has been to focus and strengthen ties with nations that country feels will enhance its diplomacy or foreign trade. Barbados has sought to engage in multilateral diplomacy through the United Nations, the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), the Association of Caribbean States (ACS), the group of ACP countries, the Organization of American States, and several other agencies which it is engaged. In 2008 Barbados and the other members of CARICOM signed an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) with the European Union and its European Commission.[1] The deal covers CARICOM's membership in the Caribbean Forum (CARIFORUM). CARIFORUM in turn is a part of the Group of African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) States. The agreement outlines Barbados' future development and trade ties with the European Union, and serves as a blueprint for future relations between both trading blocs under the Cotonou Agreement and the Lomé Convention.[2]

At times Barbados has found itself as a countervailing force to U.S. political and economic influence in the English-speaking Caribbean.

As a small nation, the primary thrust of Barbados' diplomatic activity has been within international organisations. Currently Barbados has established official diplomatic relations with 105 countries around the globe.

History[]

In 1965, Barbados, Antigua and Barbuda, Guyana, and Trinidad and Tobago established the Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA). Following independence from the United Kingdom in 1966, Barbados went on to become a founding member of many other international organizations.

On 4 July 1973, the founding nations of Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, and Jamaica signed the original Treaty of Chaguaramas in Trinidad thus establishing the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM). The agreement to establish CARICOM wound up succeeded the CARIFTA organisation. By the following year many of the remaining English-speaking Caribbean states followed suit and also joined CARICOM by May 1974, bring it slowly to the 15 members it has today.

Barbados also is a member of the Caribbean Development Bank (CDB), established in 1970, with headquarters in Wildey, Saint Michael (Bridgetown). The eastern Caribbean's Regional Security System (RSS), which associates Barbados with six nations of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) is also based in Barbados. In July 1994, Barbados joined the newly established Association of Caribbean States (ACS).

In 2002 the United Nations opened a building in the Marine Gardens area of Hastings found in the Parish of Christ Church the facility simply called the United Nations House acts as a regional operations headquarters for several programmes of the United Nations in Barbados and for many of the other islands in the Eastern Caribbean region.[3]

Countries with diplomatic relations[]

Barbados has relations with 127 countries around the world:[4]

Diplomatic relations of Barbados
  1.  Canada – 30 November 1966
  2.  Guyana – 30 November 1966
  3.  India – 30 November 1966
  4.  Jamaica – 30 November 1966
  5.  Trinidad & Tobago – 30 November 1966
  6.  United Kingdom – 30 November 1966
  7.  United States – 30 November 1966
  8.  Germany – 14 March 1967
  9.  Israel – 29 August 1967
  10.  Japan – 29 August 1967
  11.  Chile – 3 October 1967
  12.  Austria – 27 November 1967
  13.  Uruguay – 6 December 1967
  14.  Peru – 29 February 1968
  15.  France – 3 May 1968
  16.  Argentina – 16 August 1968
  17.  Venezuela – 21 November 1969
  18.  Netherlands – 12 December 1969
  19.  Belgium – 30 October 1970
  20.  Zambia – 1 March 1971
  21.  Tanzania – 8 March 1972
  22.  Brazil – 26 November 1971
  23.  Colombia – 28 January 1972
  24.  Cyprus – 27 February 1972
  25.  Costa Rica – 6 March 1972
  26.  Haiti – 5 August 1972
  27.  Dominican Republic – 8 August 1972
  28.  Mexico – 11 September 1972
  29.  Turkey – 20 September 1972
  30.  Cuba – 12 December 1972
  31.  The Bahamas – 10 July 1973
  32.  Australia – 7 January 1974
  33.  Bangladesh – 20 February 1974
  34.  Grenada – 3 March 1974
  35.  Nigeria – 24 April 1974
  36.  New Zealand – 28 August 1974
  37.  Mauritius – 14 December 1974
  38.  Panama – 28 August 1975
  39.  Nicaragua – 8 November 1975
  40.  Senegal – 18 March 1976
  41.  Sweden – 19 March 1976
  42.  Norway – 23 March 1976
  43.  Luxembourg – 5 May 1977
  44.  China – 30 May 1977
  45.  Italy – 23 August 1977
  46.  Romania – 11 September 1977
  47.  South Korea – 15 November 1977
  48.  Serbia – November 1977[5]
  49.  Finland – 1 December 1977
  50.  North Korea – 5 December 1977
  51.  Iran – 1 March 1978
  52.  Hungary – 8 March 1978
  53.  Suriname – 8 March 1978
  54.  Ecuador – 23 June 1978
  55.  Dominica – 3 November 1978
  56.  Saint Lucia – 22 February 1979
  57.  Iceland – 9 April 1979
  58.   Holy See – 17 April 1979
  59.  Algeria – 18 April 1979
  60.  Niger –25 June 1979
  61.  Denmark – 20 August 1979
  62.  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – 27 October 1979
  63.  Lesotho – 25 November 1979
  64.   Switzerland – 4 March 1980
  65.  Spain – 9 September 1980
  66.  Belize – 21 September 1981
  67.  Antigua & Barbuda – 1 November 1981
  68.  Iraq – 17 December 1981
  69.  Albania – 19 May 1983
  70.  Saint Kitts and Nevis – 19 September 1983
  71.  Bolivia – 2 February 1984
  72.  Greece – 23 March 1987
  73.  Thailand – 22 November 1988
  74.  Portugal – 23 February 1989
  75.  Maldives – 30 November 1989[6]
  76.  Guatemala – 27 January 1992
  77.  Bulgaria – 12 March 1992
  78.  Namibia – 6 April 1992
  79.  Malaysia – 10 April 1992
  80.  Honduras – 7 December 1992
  81.  Russia – 29 January 1993
  82.  Marshall Islands – 23 March 1993
  83.  Ukraine – 13 April 1993
  84.  Paraguay – 27 May 1993
  85.  South Africa – 4 January 1994
  86.  Slovakia – 14 April 1994
  87.  El Salvador – 18 May 1994
  88.  Ghana – August 1994
  89.  Kuwait – 22 August 1995
  90.  Vietnam – 25 August 1995
  91.  United Arab Emirates – 8 January 1996
  92.  Czech Republic – 6 March 1996
  93.  Poland – 13 December 1996
  94.  Singapore – 19 December 1996
  95.  Croatia – 11 July 1997
  96.  Ireland – 3 May 2001
  97.  Malta – 21 October 2005
  98.  Egypt – 3 November 2006
  99.  Botswana – 20 December 2006
  100.  Qatar – 4 December 2007
  101.  Saudi Arabia – 17 December 2007
  102.  Slovenia – 18 December 2007
  103.  Bahrain – 12 March 2008
  104.  Estonia – 15 May 2008
  105.  Latvia – 15 May 2008
  106.  Lithuania – 16 March 2009
  107.  Philippines – 22 June 2009
  108.  Morocco – 18 April 2013
  109.  Kenya – 3 September 2014[7]
  110.  Rwanda – 28 July 2015[8]
  111.  Fiji – 19 June 2017[6]
  112.  Georgia – 8 March 2018[6]
  113.  Kosovo – 9 March 2018[9]
  114.  Kazakhstan – 27 March 2018[10]
  115.  Monaco – 5 December 2018[6]
  116.  Mongolia – 17 January 2019[6]
  117.  Indonesia – 26 June 2019[6]
  118.  Sri Lanka – 28 June 2019[6]
  119.  Azerbaijan – 2 August 2019[6]
  120.  Bosnia and Herzegovina 6 August 2019[6]
  121.  San Marino – 3 October 2019[11]
  122.  Tajikistan – 8 November 2019[6]
  123.  Cambodia – 11 November 2019[6]
  124.  Belarus – 10 December 2019[12]
  125.  Moldova – 10 February 2020[6]
  126.  Montenegro – 19 February 2020[6]
  127.  Andorra – 21 June 2021[6]
  128.  Mali – 22 July 2021[6]

Bilateral Relations[]

Africa[]

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Ghana 1994-Aug
  • Barbados has a high commission in Accra.
  • Ghana is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Havana, Cuba.
 Lesotho -Nov-25 1979
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 1979.[13]
  • Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
 Nigeria 1970-Apr-24 See Barbados–Nigeria relations
  • Nigeria is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago).
  • Currently the Barbadian Government does not have foreign accreditation for Nigeria. However the Nigerian Government has said that it was highly desirous of Barbados establishing an embassy directly to Nigeria.[14] Barbados and Nigeria formally established diplomatic relations on 24 April 1970.[15]
  • Nigeria has pushed for more investment from Barbadian companies and investors and the pursuance of direct flights between both nations.[16][17]
 South Africa 1994-Jan-04
  • Barbados is accredited to South Africa from its High Commission in London.
  • South Africa is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago).

Americas[]

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Antigua and Barbuda 1981-Nov-01
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Antigua & Barbuda and Barbados are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. The establishment of diplomatic relations between Barbados and Antigua and Barbuda started on 1 November 1981.

  • Antigua and Barbuda has a non-resident High Commissioner from St. Johns, Antigua.
  • Barbados has a non-resident High Commissioner from Bridgetown, Barbados.
 Argentina 1968-Aug-16
 Bahamas 1973-Jul-10
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

The Commonwealth of the Bahamas and Barbados are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 July 1973.[19]

  • The Commonwealth of Bahamas is accredited to Barbados through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Nassau,[20] and an Honorary Consulate at St. James in Barbados.[21]
  • Barbados is accredited to the Commonwealth of the Bahamas through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Bridgetown,[22] and an Honorary Consulate in New Providence.[23]
 Belize 1981-Sep-21
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and Belize are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

 Brazil 1971-Nov-26 See Barbados–Brazil relations
 Canada 1966-Nov-30 See Barbados–Canada relations

Barbados and Canada are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Organization of American States, and the United Nations.

In 1907, the Government of Canada opened a Trade Commissioner Service to the Caribbean region located in Bridgetown, Barbados.

  • Following Barbadian independence from the United Kingdom in November 1966, the Canadian High Commission was established in Bridgetown, Barbados in 1967.
  • There is a Barbadian High Commission in Ottawa and a consulate in Toronto.
 Chile 1967-Oct-03

Barbados is accredited in Chile through its embassy in Caracas, (Venezuela). Chile is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago) and maintains an honorary consulate in Bridgetown. Barbados and Chile formally established diplomatic relations on 3 October 1967.[24] Chile was the first Latin American country which Barbados formally established formal diplomatic relations.[25][26]

 Colombia 1972-Jan-28
  • Colombia is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Kingston, Jamaica.
  • Barbados is represented in Colombia, through its embassy in Caracas, (Venezuela).
 Costa Rica 1972-Mar-06
  • Barbados is represented in Costa Rica, through its embassy in Washington, D.C.
 Cuba 1972-Dec-12

Barbados and the Republic of Cuba are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Belt & Road Initiative, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

Barbados was one of the first nations in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) bloc to form relations with the Republic of Cuba in 1972. On October 6, 1976 the Cubana de Aviación Flight 455 crashed off the coast of Barbados after a U.S. assisted terrorist plot. The countries have signed a number of bilateral deals including: A joint 1996 bilateral Free Trade Agreement that was later superseded by the 2005 Cuba-CARICOM free trade agreement, a 1999 Bilateral Investment Treaties (BIT), and a 2003 Double Taxation Agreement (DTA). In recent years Cuba has offered scholarships to students in Barbados to attend its medical schools such as Escuela Latin Americana de Medicina.

  • Cuba is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Bridgetown.
  • Barbados is represented in Cuba, through its embassy in Havana.
 Dominica 1978-Nov-03
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and the Commonwealth of Dominica are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 November 1978.[13]

  • Barbados is represented in the Commonwealth of Dominica, through its High Commissioner in Bridgetown.
 Dominican Republic 1972-Aug-08 Barbados and the Dominican Republic are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.
  • The Dominican Republic is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.
 El Salvador 1994-May-28
  • El Salvador is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Washington, D.C.
 Grenada 1974-Mar-03
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and Grenada are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

 Guyana 1966-Nov-30 See Barbados–Guyana relations

Barbados and the Co-Operative Republic of Guyana are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. The relations between Guyana and Barbados had its genesis to a time when both Guyana (then British Guiana) and Barbados were both British colonies. Shortly after Great Britain secured British Guiana from the Dutch, waves of migrants were encouraged to move and settle in Guyana. Barbados was one such location where large numbers of migrants came from. Through time Barbados and Guyana have both supported each other. With the move towards independence in the region Guyana was seen as the breadbasket of the wider Caribbean which led to yet more waves of Barbadians seeking to move to Guyana for better opportunities.

More recently the Guyanese Government has extended an offer to Barbadians.[27][28] The Guyanese government has offered to put in place an economically favourable regime towards any Barbadians that wish to relocate to Guyana and contribute towards that nation's goals in agricultural investment.[29] The announcement was made in the final days of the Owen Arthur administration by MP member Mia Motley.

In the early 1990s the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, Patrick Manning pitched an initiative for Barbados, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago to enter into some form of political union or political association. This initiative was short lived and didn't proceed following the Democratic Labour Party's defeat during the 1994 elections.

 Haiti 1972-Aug-05 Barbados and the Republic of Haiti are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Caribbean Development Bank, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

In the early 1990s as a member of CARICOM, Barbados had supported efforts by the United States to implement UN Security Council Resolution 940, designed to facilitate the departure of Haiti's de facto authorities from power. The country agreed to contribute personnel to the multinational force, which restored the democratically elected government of Haiti in October 1994.

 Jamaica 1966-Nov-30
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and Jamaica are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

  • Barbados is represented in Jamaica through a non-resident High Commissioner in Bridgetown and an honorary consulate in Kingston.
  • Jamaica is represented in Barbados through its High Commissioner in Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago) and an honorary consulate in Bridgetown.
 Mexico 1972-Sep-11 See Barbados–Mexico relations
  • Barbados is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
  • Mexico is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago and maintains an honorary consulate in Bridgetown.
 Panama 1975-Aug-28
  • Barbados has an embassy in Panama City.
  • Panama is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 1983-Sep-19
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and the Federation of St. Kitts & Nevis are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

 Saint Lucia -Feb-22 1979
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and St. Lucia are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines -Oct-27 1979
See also: Barbados and CARICOM

Barbados and St. Vincent & the Grenadines are two of sixteen commonwealth realms, members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

 Suriname 1978-Mar-08 See Barbados–Suriname relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 March 1978. Barbados is accredited to Suriname from Bridgetown. Suriname is represented in Barbados through its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago).

Barbados and the Republic of Suriname are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations.

 Trinidad and Tobago 1966-Nov-30 See Barbados–Trinidad and Tobago relations

Barbados and the Republic of Trinidad & Tobago are members of: the Association of Caribbean States, the Caribbean Community, the Belt & Road Initiative, the Caribbean Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Nations, ECLAC, EU-CARIFORUM, the Organisation of African, Caribbean and Pacific States, the Organization of American States, the Small Island Developing States, and the United Nations. On 11 April 2006, the 5-Member UNCLOS Annex VII Arbitral Tribunal, presided over by H.E. Judge Stephen M. Schwebel, rendered after two years of international judicial proceedings, the landmark Barbados/Trinidad and Tobago Award, which resolved the maritime boundary delimitation (in the East, Central and West sectors) to satisfaction of both Parties and committed Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago to resolve their fisheries dispute by means of concluding a new Fisheries Agreement.

 United States 1966-Nov-30 See Barbados–United States relations

In May 1997, Prime Minister Owen Arthur hosted United States President Bill Clinton and 14 other Caribbean leaders during the first-ever U.S.-regional summit in Bridgetown, Barbados. The summit strengthened the basis for regional cooperation on justice and counternarcotics issues, finance and development, and trade.

 Venezuela
  • Barbados has an embassy in Caracas.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Bridgetown.

Asia[]

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 China 1977-May-30 See also Barbados – People's Republic of China relations

Barbados and the China established official diplomatic relations 30 May 1977.[30] Barbados-Sino diplomatic and economic relations have grown steadily over three decades.

 India 1966-Nov-30 India and Barbados established diplomatic relations on 30 November 1966 (the date of Barbados' national independence).[31] On that date, the government of India gifted Barbados the throne in Barbados' national House of Assembly.[32] India is represented in Barbados through its embassy in Suriname[33][34][35] and an Indian consulate in Holetown, St. James.[36] Today around 3,000 persons from India call Barbados home. Two-thirds are from the India's Surat district of Gujarat known as Suratis. Most of the Suratis are involved in trading. The rest are mainly Sindhis.
 Israel 1967-Aug-29
  • Barbados is represented in Israel through its High Commission in London, United Kingdom and a consulate in Tel Aviv
  • Barbados is one of the few Caribbean nations that strongly support Israel over Palestine
 Japan 1967-Aug-29 See Barbados–Japan relations

Japan is accredited to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago) and an honorary consulate in Bridgetown. Barbados is represented in Japan through a non-resident ambassador in Bridgetown.

 Singapore 1996-Dec-19 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 1996.[37][13]
 South Korea 1977-Nov-15

Barbados and the Republic of Korea were established diplomatic relations in 15 November 1977.[38]

  • Barbados has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Bridgetown.
 Turkey 1970[39] See Barbados–Turkey relations
  • Turkish Embassy in Port of Spain is accredited to Barbados.[40]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 8.5 million USD in 2019 (Barbados' exports/imports: 0.05/8.45 million USD).[40]
 United Arab Emirates 1996-Jan-08

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 January 1996. In 2021 the Barbados government announced that a mission will be opening in Dubai shortly in the new financial year.[4]

Europe[]

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 European Union
 Czech Republic 1996-Mar-06
  • The Czech Republic is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Caracas, Venezuela.
 Denmark -Aug-20 1979 * Denmark is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Mexico.[41]
  • Barbados is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Belgium.[42][43]
 France 1968-May-03 See Barbados–France relations

Both countries have established diplomatic relations on 3 May 1968. Barbados is represented in France through its embassy in Brussels (Belgium). France is represented in Barbados through its embassy in Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago) and an honorary consulate in Bridgetown.

 Germany 1967-Mar-14 See Barbados–Germany relations

Barbados is represented in Germany through its embassy in Brussels, (Belgium) and Germany is represented in to Barbados from its embassy in Port of Spain, (Trinidad and Tobago). Barbados and Germany formally established diplomatic relations on 14 March 1967.

 Ireland 2001-May-03
  • Barbados is represented in Ireland through its embassy in London, (United Kingdom) and an honorary consulate in Dublin.
  • Although diplomatic relations with Barbados are maintained through Ireland's Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York, (United States), Ireland is represented in Barbados consularly through its embassy in Washington, D.C. (United States) and an honorary consulate in Bridgetown.[44]
 Russia 1993-Jan-29

The Russian Federation and Barbados established formal diplomatic relations on 29 January 1993.[45][46] In 2018 both nations celebrated 25 years of diplomatic ties and pledged closer collaboration.[47][48][49] The two nations also discussed cultural exchanges and Russia working with Barbados' light oil and gas industry.[50][51] And possible scholarships to Russian schools.[52]

  • Russia is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Georgetown, Guyana.[53]
 Spain See Barbados–Spain relations
 United Kingdom 1966-Nov-30 See Barbados – United Kingdom relations

The two countries are related through common history, the Commonwealth of Nations and their sharing of the same Head of State, Queen Elizabeth II as their Monarch. The was established in Bridgetown, Barbados in 1967. There is a Barbadian High Commission in London.

Oceania[]

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia 1974-Jan-07 See Australia–Barbados relations

The Australian High Commissioner to Barbados is accredited from Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. Barbados is represented in Australia through its High Commission in Ottawa, Ontario, (Canada). Barbados maintains an honorary consul in Australia. Barbados and Australia established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1974. Both Barbados and Australia are current members of the United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, and comprised as former parts of the British Empire.

 Marshall Islands 1993-Mar-23 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 March 1993[54]
 New Zealand 1974-Aug-28
  • In 2014[55] New Zealand opened a High Commission in Bridgetown which it now shares with the United Kingdom.[56]
  • Barbados is represented in New Zealand through its High Commission in Ottawa, (Canada)[57][58]

Bilateral agreements[]

Reciprocal Promotion and Protection of Investments treaties[]

Barbados has a number of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) with a growing list of nations. Some of which include:[59]

  • Belgium-Luxembourg Economic Union (BLEU) – Signed 29 May 2009[60]
  •  Canada – Signed: 29 May 1996
  •  People's Republic of China – Signed: 20 July 1998
  •  Cuba – Signed: 19 February 1996
  •  Germany – Signed: 2 December 1994
  •  Ghana – Signed: 22 April 2008
  •  Italy – Signed: 25 October 1995
  •  Mauritius – Signed: 28 September 2004
  •  Sweden – Signed: 29 March 1995
  •   Switzerland – March 1995
  •  United Kingdom – April 1993
  •  Venezuela – July 1994

Double Taxation Agreements[]

Barbados has a number of Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs) with a growing list of nations. Some of which include:[61]

  •  Austria – Signed: 27 February 2006
  •  Botswana – Signed: 23 February 2009
  •  People's Republic of China – Signed: 15 May 2000
  •  CARICOM – Signed: 6 July 1994
  •  Cuba – Signed: 17 June 1999
  •  Finland – Signed: 15 June 1989
  •  Ghana – Signed: 24 April 2008
  •  Malta – Signed: 5 December 2001
  •  Mauritius – Signed: 28 September 2004
  •  Mexico – Signed: 7 April 2008[62]
  •  Netherlands; Signed: 28 November 2006
  •  Seychelles; Signed: 19 October 2007
  •  Sweden – Signed: 1 July 1991
  •   Switzerland – Extended to Barbados from UK, 1954
  •  United States of America– Signed: 18 December 1991
  •  Venezuela– Signed: 11 December 1998

Multilateral relations[]

Barbados and the Commonwealth of Nations[]

Barbados has been a member state of the Commonwealth since 1966, when it became an independent Commonwealth realm and the 27th member state of the Commonwealth.

Barbadians have held various roles within the Commonwealth of Nations such as elections observers, or even more prominently. The country's former Governor-General, Dame Nita Barrow who served on the original Eminent Persons Group of 1985-1986 researched ways to bring about an end of apartheid in South Africa.[65]

Various Commonwealth meetings hosted by Barbados:

  • 1990 Eleventh Conference of Commonwealth Education Ministers in Bridgetown
  • 2005 Commonwealth Finance Ministers Meeting
  • 2010 Ninth Commonwealth Women’s Affairs Ministers Meeting

Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Barbados is viceregally represented by the Governor-General of Barbados.

United Nations[]

On 7 December 1966 the Security Council of the United nations met to debate the membership of Barbados to the General Assembly of the United Nations. During the 1487th plenary meeting of 9 December 1966[66] it was decided that Barbados would be granted membership. Thusly Barbados became the 122nd full member of the United Nations General Assembly on 12 December 1966.[67]

The late Prime Minister Errol Walton Barrow gave a speech during the first General Assembly attended by Barbados: Telling the assembly that his country will be an exponent, "not of the diplomacy of power, but of the diplomacy of peace and prosperity. We have no quarrels to pursue and we particularly insist that we do not regard any member state as our natural opponent," he said. "We will be friends of all, satellites of none."

International Criminal Court[]

Barbados is also a member of the International Criminal Court, without a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98)

Diplomatic missions[]

  • Barbadian diplomatic missions

Barbados has diplomatic missions headed by resident ambassadors or high commissioners in Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Venezuela, and at the European Union (Brussels) and the UN. It also has resident consuls general in Toronto, Miami, and New York City. Australia, Brazil, Cuba, Canada, Colombia, People's Republic of China, Guatemala, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Venezuela have ambassadors or high commissioners resident in Barbados.

Non-Diplomatic Relations[]

While Barbados has full diplomatic relations with China, it maintains economic and cultural relations with Taiwan via Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Canada.

Participation in international organisations[]

ACP • • ACS • AOSIS • BIS • C • CAF-BDLA(Associate) • • CARICOM • CARIFORUM • • CCJ • CDB • CDERA • CITEL • CTO • CXC • CFATF • • CROSQ • CSME • ECLAC • FAO • G33 • G77 • IADB • IDB • IAEA • IBRD • ICAO • ICCt • ICFTU • ICJ • ICRM • IDA • IFAD • IFC • IFRCS • ILO • IMF • IMO • Intelsat • Interpol • IOC • IOM • • ISO • ITU • LAES • • MIGA • NAM • OAS • OPANAL • OPCW • PAHO • Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas • RSS • SIDS • UN • UNCTAD • UNESCO • UNHCR • UNIDO • UPU • WCO • WFTU • WHO • WIPO • WMO • WTO

International Fora with Barbados offices[]

  • Caribbean Agricultural Research Development Institute (CARDI)
  • Caribbean Centre for Development Administration (CARICAD)
  • Caribbean Development Bank (CDB)
  • Caribbean Disaster Emergency Response Agency (CDERA)
  • Caribbean Examinations Council (CXC)
  • Caribbean Export Development Agency (CEDA)
  • Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery (CRNM)
  • Caribbean Single Market & Economy - Office (CSME)
  • Caribbean Tourism Organisation (CTO)
  • CARICOM Regional Organisation For Standards and Quality (CROSQ)
  • Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations-Sub-Regional Office for the Caribbean(FAO/SLAC)
  • Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)
  • Inter-American Institute for Cooperation On Agriculture (IICA)
  • International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
  • London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA)
  • Organisation of American States (OAS)
  • Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO)
  • Regional Security Systems (RSS)
  • United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
  • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
  • United Nations Development Fund For Women (UNIFEM)

Issues[]

  • In 2008, Barbados submitted an updated claim to the United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (UNCLCS) to extend its territorial waters and continental shelf (Exclusive Economic Zone) margins.[68]
  • Barbados started the process of settlement of maritime boundary with Guyana.[69]
  • Former Prime Minister Owen Arthur had announced that Barbados would begin to settle its maritime boundaries with France(Martinique).[70]

Disputes - international:

  • Venezuela, The Barbados Government charged that 1990 Maritime Delimitation Treaty agreement between Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela extended into its maritime area.[71]

Illicit drugs:

  • Barbados is one of many Caribbean transshipment points for narcotics bound for the US and Europe

Partially recognized states[]

Until 2013, Barbados has recognized the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, when it cancelled relations. In 2018, it recognized Kosovo.

See also[]

References[]

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  2. ^ Barbados May Reap Rewards of Treaty Network, Worldwide Tax Dail, 30 April 2009
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External links[]

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