Hirden

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For the historical concept, see Hird.

Hirden
Hirden insignia.svg
The insignia of the Hirden
Vidkun Quisling og Oliver Møystad (hirdsjef og sjef for sikkerhetspolitiet) inspiserer Rikshirden.jpg
Vidkun Quisling and Oliver Møystad inspecting Rikshirden.
Organization overview
Formed1940
Dissolved1945
TypeParamilitary
JurisdictionGerman-occupied Norway
HeadquartersHirdens hus, Oslo
Parent organizationNasjonal Samling

Hirden[1] (the hird) was a uniformed paramilitary organisation during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany, modelled the same way as the German Sturmabteilungen.[2]

Overview[]

Vidkun Quisling's fascist party Nasjonal Samling frequently used words and symbols from the old Norse Viking era. During the Second World War, membership was compulsory for all Nasjonal Samling members. In total, about 8,500 Norwegians were members of Hirden during the war. The organisation was dissolved after the liberation, and many of its former members were prosecuted and convicted for treason and collaboration.

History[]

During the German occupation Hirden got a more military slant. The intention was that it should form the nucleus of a future Norwegian Nazi army, and a "" (Hirden navy)[3] and a ""(Hirden's air force corps)[4] were created in 1942 in addition to the real Hirden, Rikshirden. However, many Hirden members volunteered to Norwegian military units in the war on Nazi German side or served as guards in the various prison camps. Hirden had a broad mandate to conduct operations against dissidents, independent of all police authorities, many of which included the use of violence.[5]

A 2014 Dagsavisen article said that "8 of 10 died in the prison camps where Hirden performed guard duty under the leadership of SS".[6]

Gallery[]

  • NS ÅRBOK 1944 Nasjonal Samling Rikspropagandaledelsen 1943 Nasjonalbiblioteket no-nb digitidsskrift 2019082781057 001 Public domain 123 Rikshirden hirden uniform (Norwegian Nazi Party uniform) 400ppi Retouched clean cropped.jpg

  • Uniform of the naval hird, Hirdmarinen.

  • Uniform of the female hird, Kvinnehirden.

  • Vidkun Quisling on the rostrum speaks to Hirden in Halden.

  • Hirden spectacle march to be greeted by Quisling.

  • Hirden women march up Oslo's main street.

  • Quisling speaks to Hirden after oath has been given to him.

Ranks and rank insignia[]

Rank insignia
Insignia Rank Translation Comparative rank
in the Wehrmacht
Hirdfører
Overste hirdsjef Senior hird chief
Regimentsfører Regimental commander
Nestregimentsfører Second regimental commander
Fylkingfører Wedge leader
Sveitfører District leader
Nestsveitfører Second district leader
Troppfører Troop commander
Underfører
Kommandersersjant Commander sergeant
Kvartermester Quartermaster
Overlagfører Senior squad leader
Furer Leader
Lagfører Squad leader
Mannskap
HJ-Hitlerjunge h.svg Nestlagfører Second squad leader
Speider Scout
Nestspeider Second scout
Hirdmann Hird man
Source:[7]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ NRK (30 May 2012). "Stiller ut fargefoto frå 30-talet". Retrieved 19 October 2016.
  2. ^ Erik Veum page 33
  3. ^ Veum pp. 92–98
  4. ^ Veum 98–106
  5. ^ Veum
  6. ^ Pål Nygaard (18 November 2014). "2. Verdenskrig: Etter krigen benektet alle i Vegvesenet at de hadde noe med de jugoslaviske fangene å gjøre. - Kunne de stoppet massedrap?" [World War Two: After the war, everyone in the Public Roads Administration denied involvement with the Jugoslavian prisoners. - Could they have stopped mass murder?]. Dagsavisen. p. 6. Pål Nygaard - Forsker, senter for profesjonsstudier, HiOA (...) 8 av 10 døde i leirene hvor Hirden sto vakt under ledelse av SS.
  7. ^ Hvad enhver NS-mann bør vite - side 5 Retrieved 2017-02-05.

Sources[]

  • Eirik Veum: Nådeløse nordmenn - Hirden, Kagge Forlag, Oslo 2013, (in Norwegian) ISBN 978-82-489-1451-8

External links[]

Retrieved from ""