Icelandic exonyms
The following is a list of Icelandic exonyms, that is to say names for places in Icelandic that have been adapted to Icelandic spelling rules, translated into Icelandic, or Old Norse exonyms surviving in Icelandic.
![]() | This list is incomplete; you can help by . (August 2008) |
Language | Native name | Icelandic exonym |
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Albanian | Tiranë | Tirana |
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Persian – Pashto | Kābul – Kabəl | Kabúl |
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Arabic | Al-Ŷazā'ir | Algeirsborg |
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Armenian | Yerəvan | Jerevan |
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Portuguese | Luanda | Lúanda |
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Spanish | Buenos Aires | Góðviðra (not used) |
Tierra del Fuego | Eldland | |
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German | Wien | Vín or Vínarborg |
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English | New South Wales | Nýja Suður-Wales |
South Australia | Suður-Ástralía | |
Western Australia | Vestur-Ástralía | |
Australian Capital Territory | Höfuðborgarsvæði Ástralíu | |
Northern Territory | Norður-svæðið | |
Christmas Island | Jólaeyja | |
Cocos (Keeling) Islands | Kókoseyjar | |
Norfolk Island | Norfolkeyjar | |
Heard Island and McDonald Islands | Heard og McDonaldseyjar | |
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Azerbaijani | Bakı | Bakú |
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English | Nassau | Nassá |
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Belarusian | Polotsk | Palteskja (historical) |
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English | Belmopan | Belmópan |
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Dzongkha | Thimphu | Timfú |
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Spanish – Quechua | Sucre – Chuqichaka | Súkre |
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Bosnian | Sarajevo | Sarajevó |
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English – Tswana | Gaborone | Gaboróne |
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Portuguese | Brasília | Brasilía |
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Burmese | Yangon | Jangún |
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French | Bujumbura | Bújúmbúra |
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French – English | Douala | Dóúala |
Yaoundé | Jánde | |
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English – French | Toronto | Torontó |
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French | Bangui | Bangví |
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Spanish | Rapa Nui | Páskaeyja |
Santiago | Santíagó | |
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Mandarin (pinyin Romanization) | Beijing | Peking |
Shanghai | Sjanghæ | |
Tianjin | Tientsin | |
Qingdao | Tsingtao | |
Nanjing | Nanking | |
Xiamen | Amoy | |
Guilin | Kweilin | |
Guangzhou | Kanton | |
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Portuguese – Cantonese | Macau | Makaó |
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Mandarin (pinyin Romanization) | Táiběi | Taípei, Tæpei |
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Spanish | Bogotá | Bógóta |
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Māori – English | Avarua | Avarúa |
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Greek – Turkish | Lefkosía – Lefkoşa | Nikósía |
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Czech | Plzeň | Pilsen |
Praha | Prag | |
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Danish | Aalborg | Álaborg |
Aarhus | Árósar | |
Helsingør | Helsingjaeyri | |
Falster | Falstur | |
Fredrikshavn | Friðrikshöfn | |
Fyn | Fjón | |
Humlebæk | Humlabekk (little used) | |
Jelling | Jalangur | |
Jylland | Jótland | |
København (Copenhagen) | Kaupmannahöfn | |
Lolland | Láland | |
Læsø | Hlésey | |
Odense | Óðinsvé | |
Ribe | Rípar | |
Ringsted | Hringstað | |
Roskilde | Hróarskelda | |
Silkeborg | Silkiborg | |
Sjælland | Sjáland | |
Skagen | Skaginn | |
Slagelse | Slagleysa | |
Sorø | Sórey | |
Viborg | Vébjörg | |
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Spanish | Santo Domingo | Santó Dómingó |
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Arabic | Al-Iskandariyya | Alexandría |
Qāhirah | Kaíró | |
Suways | Súes | |
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French – Spanish | Malabo | Malabó |
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Amharic | Adis Abäba | Addis Ababa |
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Faroese | Borðoy | Borðey |
Eysturoy | Austurey | |
Fuglafjørður | Fuglafjörður | |
Fugloy | Fugley | |
Gásadalur | Gæsadalur | |
Kalsoy | Karlsey | |
Kirkjubøur | Kirkjubær | |
Klaksvík | Klakksvík | |
Kollafjørður | Kollafjörður | |
Kunoy | Konuey | |
Miðvágur | Miðvogur | |
Nólsoy | Nólsey | |
Sandavágur | Sandavogur | |
Sandoy | Sandey | |
Streymoy | Straumey | |
Suðuroy | Suðurey | |
Svínoy | Svíney | |
Toftir | Tóftir | |
Tórshavn | Þórshöfn | |
Tvøroyri | Þvereyri | |
Vágar | Vogar, Vogey | |
Vágur | Vogur | |
Viðoy | Viðey | |
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Finnish – Swedish | Turku – Åbo | Árbæ |
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French | Bretagne | Bretanía (current), Bretonskagi, Litla-Bretland, Bertangaland (obsolete), Bretland (obsolete) |
Bourgogne | Búrgund | |
Corse | Korsíka | |
Nantes | Namsborg (obsolete) | |
Normandy | Norðmandí (obsolete), Normandí (current) | |
Paris | París | |
Poitiers | Peituborg | |
Reims | Reimsborg | |
Rouen | Rúðuborg | |
Strasbourg | Strassborg | |
Versailles | Versalir | |
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Tahitian – French | 'Enana mā | Markesaseyjar |
Tōtaiete mā | Félagseyjar | |
Tahiti | Tahítí | |
Tūāmotu mā | Lágeyjar (obsolete) | |
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English | Accra | Akkra |
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Georgian | Tbi'lisi | Tíblisi (Tíflis in common parlance) |
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German | Berlin | Berlín |
Bavaria | Bæjaraland | |
Braunschweig | Brúnsvík (obsolete) | |
Bremen | Brimar | |
Flensburg | Flensborg | |
Frankfurt | Frakkafurða (little used) | |
Hamburg | Hamborg | |
Haddeby | Heiðabær | |
Holstein | Holtsetaland | |
Kiel | Kíl | |
Köln (Cologne) | Kolni (little used), Köln (current) | |
Lübeck | Lýbika | |
Oldenburg | Aldinborg | |
Rostock | Rauðstokkur (obsolete) | |
Schleswig | Slésvík | |
Stralsund | Stræla | |
Stuttgart | Stóðgarður (little used) | |
Verden | Ferðuborg (obsolete) | |
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Greek | Athína | Aþena |
Límnos | Lemney | |
Thessaloníki | Saloníka (obsolete), Þessalónika (current) | |
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French | Conakry | Kónakrí |
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Spanish | Ciudad de Guatemala | Gvatemalaborg |
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Portuguese | Bissau | Bissá |
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Hungarian | Budapest | Búdapest |
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Hindi – English | Kolkata | Kalkútta (obsolete) |
Naī Dillī – New Delhi | Nýja-Delí | |
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Indonesian | DKI Jakarta | Djakarta |
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Persian | Tehrān | Teheran |
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Arabic – Kurdish | Baġdād – Bexda | Bagdað (or which reads almost the same) |
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Irish | Áth Cliath/Dubhlinn (Dublin) | Dyflinn(i) |
Luimneach (Limerick) | Hlymrek (obsolete) | |
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Hebrew – Arabic | Yerushaláyim – al Quds | Jórsalaborg (obsolete), Jerúsalem (current) |
Ḥeifa – Ḥayfā | Haífa | |
Tel Aviv-Yafo – Tal ʼAbīb | Tel Avív | |
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Italian | Bari | Bár (obsolete) |
Firenze | Flórens | |
Genova | Genúa | |
Lucca | Lukkuborg (obsolete) | |
Milano | Meilansborg (obsolete), Mílanó (current) | |
Napoli | Napólí | |
Roma | Róm, Rómaborg | |
Salerno | Salernisborg (rare) | |
Torino | Tórínó | |
Venezia | Feneyjar | |
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Japanese | Kyōto-shi | Kýótó |
Tōkyō | Tókýó | |
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English – Swahili | Nairobi | Naíróbí |
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Latvian | Rīga | Ríga |
Kurzeme | Kúrland | |
Daugava | Dvína | |
Livonija | Lífland | |
Liepāja | Líbá | |
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Arabic – French | Bayrūt – Beyrouth | Beirút |
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English | Monrovia | Monróvía |
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Arabic | Ṭarābulus | Trípólí |
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Lithuanian | Vilnius | Vilníus |
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Malagasy – French | Antananarivo | Antananarívó |
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English | Lilongwe | Lílongve |
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Malay | Kuala Lumpur | Kúala Lúmpúr |
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French – Bambara | Bamako – Bamakə | Bamakó |
Tombouctou – Timbuktu | Timbúktú | |
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Marshallese – English | Majuro | Majúró |
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Arabic – French | Nouakchott | Núaksjott |
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Spanish | Ciudad de México | Mexíkóborg |
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Romanian | Chișinău | Kisínev |
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Mongolian | Ulaanbaatar | Úlan Bator |
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Portuguese | Maputo | Mapútó |
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Korean | P'yŏngyang | Pjongjang |
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Nepali | Kāţhmāņđau | Katmandú |
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Dutch | Amsterdam | Amsturdammur (little used), Erilstífla (little used) |
Den Haag or ´s Gravenhage | Haag | |
Utrecht | Trekt (little used) | |
Zuiderzee | Suðursjó (historical) | |
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Spanish | Managua | Managva |
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French | Niamey | Níamey |
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English – Yorùbá | Abuja-Abùjá | Abútja |
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Norwegian | ||
Akershus | Akurshús | |
Arendal | Arnardalur | |
Aust-Agder | Austur-Agðir | |
Bergen | Björgyn (obsolete), Björgvin (current) | |
Bjørnøya | Bjarnarey | |
Bodø | Boðvin | |
Bærum | Bergheimur (obsolete) | |
Drammen | Dröfn (obsolete) | |
Finnmark | Finnmörk | |
Gjøvik | Djúpvík (historical) | |
Hedmark | Heiðmörk | |
Hordaland | Hörðaland | |
Møre og Romsdal | Mæri og Raumsdalur | |
Nord-Trøndelag, Sør-Trøndelag | Norður-Þrændalög, Suður-Þrændalög | |
Nordland | Norðurland | |
Oslo | Kauphágur (historical), Ósló (current) | |
Rogaland | Rygjafylki | |
Skien | Skiða (obsolete) | |
Sogn og Fjordane | Sogn og Firðafylki | |
Stavanger | Stafangur | |
Telemark | Þelamörk | |
Trondheim | Niðarós (historical), Þrándheimur (current) | |
Tønsberg | Túnsberg (obsolete) | |
Østfold | Austfold | |
Ålesund | Álasund | |
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Arabic | Masqaṭ | Múskat |
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Spanish – Guaraní | Asunción | Asúnsjón |
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Spanish | Lima | Líma |
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Tagalog – Cebuano | Maynila – Manila | Maníla |
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Polish | Kraków | Kraká |
Warszawa | Varsjá | |
Szczecin | Stettín | |
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Portuguese | Lisboa | Lissabon |
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Romanian | București | Búkarest |
Constanța | Konstantía | |
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Russian | Murom | Móramar (historical) |
Novgorod | Hólmgarður, Nýi Garður, Nýborg | |
Rostov | Ráðstofa | |
Sankt Peterburg | Sankti Pétursborg | |
Smolensk | Smáleskja (historical) | |
Staraya Ladoga | Aldeigjuborg (historical) | |
Suzdal | Súrsdalar (historical) | |
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Kinyarwanda – French | Kigali | Kígalí |
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Samoan | Apia | Apía |
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Arabic | Makkah | Mekka |
Riyāḍ | Ríad | |
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Serbian | Beograd | Belgrad |
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Somali – Arabic | Muqdisho – Maqadīshū | Mógadisjú |
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English – Afrikaans | Cape of Good Hope | Góðrarvonarhöfði |
Cape Town – Kaapstad | Höfðaborg | |
Johannesburg | Jóhannesarborg | |
Pretoria | Pretoría | |
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Korean | Seoul | Seúl |
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Spanish | Barcelona | Barselóna |
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Sinhala – Tamil | Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte | Srí Jajevardenepúra |
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Arabic – English | Kharṭūm – Khartoum | Kartúm |
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Dutch | Paramaribo | Paramaríbó |
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Swedish | Göteborg | Gautaborg |
Helsingborg | Helsingjaborg | |
Lund | Lundur | |
Malmö | Málmhaugar (little used), Málmey | |
Stockholm | Stokkhólmur | |
Uppsala | Uppsalir | |
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German – French | Basel – Bâle | Boslaraborg (obsolete) |
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Arabic | Dimašq | Damaskus |
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Tajik | Dushanbe | Dúshanbe |
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Swahili | Dodoma | Dódóma |
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Thai | Krung Thep | Bangkok |
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Tongan – English | Nukuʻalofa | Núkúalófa |
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Turkish | İstanbul | Mikligarður (historical), Istanbúl (current) |
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Ukrainian | Kyiv | Kænugarður (historical), Kíev (current) |
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Arabic | Abū Zabī | Abú Dabí |
'Ajmān | Adsman | |
Dubayy | Dúbaí | |
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English | Aberdeen | Apardjón (obsolete) |
Canterbury | Kantaraborg | |
Dover | Dofrar (little used) | |
Edinburgh | Edinborg | |
Yarmouth | Járnamóða (little used) | |
Cambridge | Kambabryggja (little used) | |
Lerwick | Leirvík | |
London | Lundúnir (also used, but London more current) | |
Southampton | Suðurhamtún (little used) | |
Oxford | Öxnafurða (little used) | |
Scarborough | Skarðaborg (obsolete) | |
York | Jórvík | |
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English | California | Kalifornía |
New York | Nýja-Jórvík (not in common use, a jocular term of academic pretension) | |
North Dakota | Norður-Dakóta | |
South Dakota | Suður-Dakóta | |
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Spanish | Montevideo | Montevídeó |
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Uzbek | Toshkent | Taskent |
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Latin | Status Civitatis Vaticanae | Páfagarður |
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Spanish | Caracas | Karakas |
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Vietnamese | Hà Nội | Hanoí |
Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh | Ho Chi Minh-borg, formerly Saígon | |
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English | Lusaka | Lúsaka |
Language | Native name | Icelandic exonym |
See also[]
- List of European exonyms
- Old Norse exonyms
References[]
- Íslensk orðabók (2003). Edited by Mörður Árnason. ISBN 9979-3-2353-1
- Icelandic Language Center:Country names
Categories:
- Icelandic language
- Iceland-related lists
- Lists of exonyms
- Linguistic purism in Icelandic