Kubitzki system

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The Kubitzki system is a system of plant taxonomy devised by Klaus Kubitzki, and is the product of an ongoing survey of vascular plants, entitled The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, and extending to 15 volumes in 2018.[1] The survey, in the form of an encyclopedia, is important as a comprehensive, multivolume treatment of the vascular plants, with keys to and descriptions of all families and genera, mostly by specialists in those groups. The Kubitzki system served as the basis for classification in Mabberley's Plant-Book, a dictionary of the vascular plants.[2] Mabberley states, in his Introduction on page xi of the 2008 edition, that the Kubitzki system "has remained the standard to which other literature is compared".

In ordinal and family arrangements, the classification system in the initial angiosperm volumes closely resembles the Dahlgren system in Monocots and the Cronquist system in Dicots, but later volumes have been influenced by recent molecular phylogenetic studies.

The first volume of the series (Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms) covered lycophytes, monilophytes, and gymnosperms, and was published in 1990. By 2010, there were nine published volumes, covering 39 of the 59 orders of flowering plants that are recognized in the APG III system. The order Saxifragales is covered except for the genus Medusandra, which was transferred to it from Malpighiales in 2009.[3] Volume 10 (2011) covers the family Myrtaceae and the orders Cucurbitales and Sapindales. Volume 11 was published in 2014, and two further volumes in 2015. Volumes 2, and 5–7 address dicotyledons, while volumes 3, 4 and 13 address monocotyledons. Volumes 8–12 and 14 deal with eudicots.

Because it is the result of a work in progress, the Kubitzki system is incomplete for those groups of plants that have not yet been covered, and groups that have been completely covered are not revised in light of subsequent knowledge. Since the first volume was published in 1990, a great deal has been learned about plant taxonomy, mostly by phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences. The classification of ferns has been completely overhauled in that time.[4][5] And some of the gymnosperm families have been revised.[6][7]

For the flowering plants, the later volumes of the Kubitzki System follows the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group last revised in 2009 (APG III system), except for the recognition of smaller families. (For a complete listing of all volumes, see Klaus Kubitzki)

Classification[]

Summary[]

Divisions

  • Pteridophyta
  • Pinophyta
    • subdivision Coniferophytina
    • subdivision Cycadophytina
  • Magnoliophyta
    • class Monocotyledoneae
    • class Dicotyledoneae

Pteridophyta[]

Pinophyta[]

  • 2 division Pinophyta or Gymnospermae
    • 1 subdivision
    1 class
    Ginkgoaceae
    2 class
    1 order Pinales
    Araucariaceae
    Pinaceae
    Sciadopityaceae
    Taxodiaceae
    Cupressaceae
    Phyllocladaceae
    Podocarpaceae
    2 order Taxales
    Cephalotaxaceae
    Taxaceae
    • 2 subdivision
    1 class
    order Cycadales
    Boweniaceae
    Cycadaceae
    Stangeriaceae
    Zamiaceae
    2 class
    order Gnetales
    Ephedraceae
    Welwitschiaceae
    Gnetaceae

Magnoliophyta[]

  • 3 division Magnoliophyta or Angiospermae
    subdivision

Monocotyledoneae[]

  • 1 class Monocotyledoneae or Liliopsida [complete] (with Rolf Dahlgren's collaboration)

4 Superorders

  1. Acoranae
  2. Alismatanae
  3. Lilianae
  4. Commelinanae
Acoranae[]
Alismatanae[]
Lilianae[]
Commelinanae[]

Dicotyledoneae[]

In volumes 5,6,7,8 no groups above the taxonomic rank of order were recognized.

In volume 9 the supraordinal groups Rosidae and Asteridae were recognized.

  • Not included in any order
    Sabiaceae
    order Proteales
    Proteaceae
    Platanaceae (revised position, formerly in Hamamelidales in Vol. 2)
    Nelumbonales (revised position, formerly in Nelumbonales in Vol. 2)
    order Buxales
    Buxaceae
    Didymelaceae
    order Gunnerales
    Gunneraceae
    Myrothamnaceae (revised position, formerly in Trochodendrales in Vol. 2)
    Not included in any order
    Dilleniaceae
    order Saxifragales
    Altingiaceae (newly recognized family, included in Hamamelidaceae in Vol. 2)
    Aphanopetalaceae
    Cercidiphyllaceae (revised position, formerly in Trochodendrales in Vol. 2)
    Crassulaceae
    Daphniphyllaceae
    Grossulariaceae
    Haloragaceae
    Hamamelidaceae (revised position, formerly in Hamamelidales in Vol. 2)
    Iteaceae
    Paeoniaceae
    Penthoraceae
    Peridiscaceae (except Medusandra)
    Pterostemonaceae
    Saxifragaceae
    Tetracarpaeaceae
    order Vitales
    Leeaceae
    Vitaceae
    order Zygophyllales
    Krameriaceae
    Zygophyllaceae
    Not included in any order
    Huaceae
    order Geraniales
    Geraniaceae
    Ledocarpaceae
    Melianthaceae
    order Crossosomatales (Guamatela placed in Rosaceae in volume 6)
    Aphloiaceae
    Crossosomataceae
    Geissolomataceae
    Ixerbaceae
    Stachyuraceae
    Staphyleaceae
    Not included in any order
    Picramniaceae
    order Berberidopsidales
    Aextoxicaceae
    Berberidopsidaceae

In volume 10 are treated the Orders Sapindales and Cucurbitales; and the Myrtaceae Family (belonging to Myrtales).

See also[]

  • Klaus Kubitzki

References[]

  1. ^ Klaus Kubitzki (general editor). 1990 onward. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants Springer-Verlag: Berlin;Heidelberg, Germany.
  2. ^ Mabberley, David J (2008). Mabberley's Plant-Book (3 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  3. ^ Kenneth J. Wurdack and Charles C. Davis. 2009. "Malpighiales phylogenetics: Gaining ground on one of the most recalcitrant clades in the angiosperm tree of life." American Journal of Botany 96(8):1551-1570.
  4. ^ Eric Schuettpelz and Kathleen M. Pryer. 2008. "Fern phylogeny" pages 395-416. In: Tom A. Ranker and Christopher H. Haufler (editors). Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycophytes. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87411-3
  5. ^ Alan R. Smith, Kathleen M. Pryer, Eric Schuettpelz, Petra Korall, Harald Schneider, and Paul G. Wolf. 2006. "A classification for extant ferns". Taxon 55(3):705-731. doi:10.2307/25065646
  6. ^ James E. Eckenwalder. 2009. Conifers of the World. Timber Press: Portland, OR, USA. ISBN 978-0-88192-974-4.
  7. ^ Aljos Farjon. 2008. A Natural History of Conifers. Timber Press: Portland, OR, USA.

External links[]

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