LGBT rights in Northern Cyprus
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Status | Legal since 2014 |
Gender identity | No |
Military | Banned from military service |
Discrimination protections | Yes[1][2] |
Family rights | |
Recognition of relationships | No |
Adoption | No |
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) persons in Northern Cyprus face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Same-sex sexual activity has been legal in Northern Cyprus since 7 February 2014. Previous laws allowed three years prison sentences, according to articles 171 and 173 of its criminal code. Female homosexuality was not criminalised.[3] Arrests for homosexuality have occurred as recently as 2011.[4]
The laws were a legacy of British colonial rule, left over after the island gained independence in the 1960s.[5] While the Republic of Cyprus decriminalised homosexuality in 1998 in order to accede membership of the European Union (EU) in 2004, the north's disputed status means it lies outside the EU's jurisdiction.
Repeal of the criminalisation of male homosexuality had been under serious consideration since 2006.[5] In October 2011, MEP Marina Yannakoudakis claimed that during a visit to Northern Cyprus, President Derviş Eroğlu promised her he would legalise homosexuality to bring it in line with Turkey, the Republic of Cyprus and the rest of Europe.[6] In December 2011, it was announced that, due to mounting pressure from MEPs, Northern Cypriot lawmakers would repeal the law currently criminalising homosexuality. President Derviş Eroğlu, the incumbent leader of the government, expressed that he would sign the bill into law when it came to him.[4]
This was delayed until two cases were brought against Northern Cyprus to the TRNC Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights. Immediately after the case was lodged at the European Court, the TRNC Prime Minister's EU Coordination Centre drew up an amendment in April 2013 to repeal Articles 171, 172, and 173 of Chapter 154 of the republic's criminal code. This was expected to be approved, but was tabled.
If the legislation had failed to pass, the European Court of Human Rights would have likely heard the case and find criminalisation to be a violation of Article 8, in line with Dudgeon v United Kingdom.[7]
On 27 January 2014, the Assembly of the Republic, the Northern Cypriot parliament, voted to abolish the criminal code provisions that outlawed same-sex relations between men.[8] The bill was signed into law, and published in the official gazette on 7 February 2014. It took effect upon publication.[9][10]
Calls have been made by non-governmental organizations to legalize same-sex marriage. In 2012, the Communal Democracy Party proposed a law that would have legalized same-sex marriages, but the legislation was opposed by the then-ruling National Unity Party.[11]
Summary table[]
Same-sex sexual activity legal | ![]() |
Equal age of consent | ![]() |
Anti-discrimination laws in employment only | ![]() |
Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services | ![]() |
Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech) | ![]() |
Recognition of same-sex couples | ![]() |
Recognition of same-sex couples (e.g. registered partnership or civil union, etc.) | ![]() |
Joint adoption by same-sex couples | ![]() |
Adoption for single persons regardless of sexual orientation | ![]() |
Step-child adoption by same-sex couples | ![]() |
Gays,lesbians and Bisexual allowed to serve openly in the military | ![]() |
Right to change legal gender | ![]() |
Access to IVF for lesbians | ![]() |
Conversion therapy banned on minors | ![]() |
Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples | ![]() |
MSMs allowed to donate blood | ![]() |
See also[]
- Human rights in Northern Cyprus
- LGBT rights in Cyprus
- LGBT rights in Turkey
- LGBT rights in Akrotiri and Dhekelia
- Section 171 of the Criminal Code of Cyprus
- LGBT rights in Europe
- LGBT rights in Asia
References[]
- ^ "Northern Cyprus Decriminalizes Homosexuality and Protects LGBTs Against Hate Speech". Archived from the original on 14 February 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
- ^ (in Turkish) Kuzey Kıbrıs’ın "Eşcinsellik Suçu" Yasası Tarihe Karıştı! Archived 7 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ State-sponsored Homophobia. A world survey of laws: Criminalisation, protection and recognition of same-sex love, 2013 Archived 19 July 2013 at WebCite, ILGA
- ^ Jump up to: a b Canning, Paul. "Northern Cyprus to Decriminalize Homosexuality". Archived from the original on 12 February 2015. Retrieved 17 December 2011.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Shoffman, Marc (13 October 2006) Northern Cyprus decriminalises homosexuality Archived 4 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Pink News
- ^ Geen, Jessica (20 October 2011) London MEP says North Cyprus president promised to repeal anti-gay laws, Pink News
- ^ Littauer, Dan (12 April 2013) Northern Cyprus to legalize gay sex, Gay Star News
- ^ Dasha Afanasieva, Northern Cyprus becomes last European territory to decriminalize gay sex, Reuters, 27 January 2014. Retrieved 28 January 2014
- ^ "Sayfa Bulunamadı - 404 Hatası". onlinegazete.com. Archived from the original on 8 March 2014.
- ^ Roberts, Scott (27 January 2014) Northern Cyprus votes to repeal gay sex ban
- ^ "KKTC'de "eşcinsel evlilik" gündemde". Hürriyet. Retrieved 20 January 2015.
- Human rights in Northern Cyprus
- LGBT rights in Cyprus
- LGBT rights by country
- LGBT in Northern Cyprus