List of German exonyms for places in Latvia
Map with German exonyms in Estonia and Latvia (Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, 1893-97)
This article contains a list of exonyms in German for geographical places in the current and previous territory of Latvia. A large part of the Latgale region of Latvia was included in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569-1772), later in the Vitebsk Guberniya of the Russian Empire (1804-1917), hence the common practice of transcribing Polish exonyms into German when no German exonym existed.
There were quite a number of shtetls in Latvia before World War II and the Holocaust, and so transcribed Yiddish exonyms in Latin letters of places in Latvia also exist.
Exonyms in this list were used in the first half of the 20th century and perhaps somewhat earlier. The spelling of the exonyms changes the further back in time they occur, since the German language changed considerably during the seven centuries of German presence in the Baltics.
Complete list[]
| Latvian place | German name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ābeļi | Abelhof | |
| Abrene | Pytalowo | |
| Ādaži | Aahof, Neuermühlen | |
| Āgenskalns | Hagensberg | |
| Aglona | Aglohn | |
| Ainaži | Haynasch | |
| Aiviekste | Ewsthof | |
| Aizkraukle | Ascheraden | |
| Aizpute | Hasenpoth | |
| Aiztere | Aistern | |
| Aizupe | Asuppen | |
| Aiswicken | ||
| Aknīste | Oknist | |
| Allasch | ||
| Aloja | Allendorf | |
| Alūksne | Marienburg | |
| Alsunge | Alschwangen | |
| Alswig | ||
| Ance | Anzen | |
| Andrupene | Andrepno | |
| Anna | Annenhof | |
| Annenieki | Annenhof | |
| Ape | Hoppenhof | |
| Apekalns | Oppekaln | |
| Appricken | ||
| Arrasch | ||
| Erwahlen | ||
| Asari | Assern | |
| Assieten | ||
| Poikern | ||
| Ossun | ||
| Ataschan | ||
| Auce | Autz | |
| Audere Asite | Bagge-Assieten | |
| Augšpils | Wyschgorodok | |
| Augstroze | Hochrosen | |
| Auleja | Aula | |
| Aumeistere | Serbigal | |
| Auri | Auermünde | |
| Babīte | Babbit | |
| Firks-Assiten | ||
| Friedrichshof | ||
| Baldone | Baldohn | |
| Balgale | Balgalln | |
| Baloži | Bonaventura, Rollbusch | |
| Baltāmuiža | Weißenhof | |
| Baltinava | Baltinowo | |
| Balvi | Bolwa | |
| Barbern | ||
| Bārta | Bartau | |
| Basi | Bassen | |
| Bahten | ||
| Bauksa | Bauske | |
| Bauenhof | ||
| Bebrene | Bewern | |
| Bebri | Bewershof | |
| Beja | Beyenhof | |
| Kortenhof | ||
| Behnen | ||
| Groß-Bersteln | ||
| Bersohn | ||
| Bersgall | ||
| Bershof | ||
| Birsen | ||
| Bikernieri | Bickern | |
| Biksti | Bixten | |
| Bilska | Bilskenhof | |
| Koltzen | ||
| Birkenhegen | ||
| Birzgale | Birsgallen | |
| Birzi | Groß-Buschdorf | |
| Buschhof | ||
| Bišumuiža | Bienenhof | |
| Blieden | ||
| Blome | Blumenhof | |
| Bolderāja | Bulderaa | |
| Braslava | Breslau | |
| Brenguļi | Wrangelshof | |
| Brocēni | Berghof | |
| Brucken | ||
| Buckmuische | ||
| Kurische Aa | ||
| Bunka | Funkenhof | |
| Burtnieki | Burtneck | |
| Carnikava | Zarnikau | |
| Zelmeneeken | ||
| Zerrauxt | ||
| Zehren | ||
| Cēsis | Wenden | |
| Cesvaine | Sesswegen | |
| Cibla | Werestmuische | |
| Zirau | ||
| Cirsti | Zirsten | |
| Code | Zahden | |
| Dagda | Dageten | |
| Dalbe | Dalbingen | |
| Daudzewa | Daudsewas | |
| Daugava | Düna | |
| Daugavgrīva | Dünamünde | |
| Daugavpils | Dünaburg | |
| Daugmale | Dünhof | |
| Daugeln | ||
| Demmen | ||
| Dewen | ||
| Dickeln | ||
| Dubena | ||
| Groß-Ilmajen | ||
| Dobele | Doblen | |
| Dole | Dahlen | |
| Drobbusch | ||
| Drizane | ||
| Drusti | Drostenhof | |
| Druviena | Druween | |
| Dubulti | Dubbeln | |
| Dunalke | Dubenalken | |
| Dundaga | Dondagen | |
| Dunika | Dunniken | |
| Dunte | Dunteshof, Ruthern | |
| Durbe | Durben | |
| Duhrenhof | ||
| Dviete | Dweeten | |
| Kuckucksberg | ||
| Dzelzava | Selsau | |
| Dzerbene | Serben | |
| Dserwen | ||
| Dzintari | Edinburg | |
| Dzirciems | Selgerben | |
| Džūkste | Siuxt | |
| Ēdole | Edwahlen | |
| Ägypten | ||
| Eķengrāves muiža | Eckengraf, Eichengrabe | |
| Eleja | Elley | |
| Ellern | ||
| Embūte | Amboten | |
| Engure | Angern | |
| Erberge | Herbergen | |
| Ērģeme | Ermes | |
| Ērgļi | Erlaa | |
| Ēvele | Wolfahrt | |
| Ezere | Essern | |
| Gaigalava | Gaigalowa | |
| Gaiken | ||
| Galgauska | Golgowsky | |
| Garoze | Garosen | |
| Garssen | ||
| Gatarta | Gotthardsburg | |
| Gauja | Livländische Aa | |
| Gaujiena | Adsel | |
| Gauri | Gawri | |
| Gavieze | Gawesen | |
| Gipka | Gipken | |
| Pfalzgrafen | ||
| Gostiņi | Trentelberg | |
| Gramzda | Gramsden | |
| Grendsen | ||
| Gridzgale | Grizgaln | |
| Grieze | Grösen | |
| Grivaisi | Griwaischen | |
| Grobiņa | Grobin | |
| Grostona | Grossdohn | |
| Grundsahl | ||
| Gudenieki | Gudeneecken | |
| Gulbene | Schwanenburg | |
| Idus | Idwen | |
| Iecava | Eckau | |
| Ievade | Ewahden | |
| Iggen | ||
| Ikšķile | Üxküll | |
| Iļģuciems | Ilgezeem | |
| Ilūkste | Illuxt | |
| Indra | Balbinowo | |
| Ilze | Ilsenburg | |
| Ilzene | Ilsen | |
| Inčukalns | Hinzenberg | |
| Ippik | ||
| Irbe | Irben | |
| Irlava | Irlau | |
| Hirschenhof | ||
| Islitz | ||
| Ivande | Iwanden | |
| Izvalta | Uschwalde | |
| Jasch-Mysa | ||
| Sternhof | ||
| Jaunjelgava | Friedrichstadt | |
| Jaunlaicene | Neu-Laitzen | |
| Jaunlikupeni | Neu-Likoppen | |
| Jaunpiebalg | Neu-Pebalg | |
| Jaunpils | Neuenburg | |
| Jaunrauna | Ronneburg-Neuhof | |
| Jaunsaule | Neu-Rahden | |
| Jaunsvirlauka | Neu-Bergfried | |
| Neu-Sackenhof | ||
| Jēkabpils | Jakobstadt | |
| Jelgava | Mitau | |
| Neu-Wolfahrt | ||
| Seyershof | ||
| Jumprava | Jungfernhof | |
| Jumurda | Jummerdehn | |
| Jūrkalne | Felixberg | |
| Jūrmala | Riga-Strand | |
| Kabile | Kabillen | |
| Kaceni | Katschanowo | |
| Sarum | ||
| Kaltenbrunn | ||
| Kalleten | ||
| Kalnemoise | ||
| Kalnciems | Kalnzeem | |
| Kalsnava | Kalzenau | |
| Kalupe | Kolup | |
| Kalvene | Kalwen | |
| Kandava | Kandau | |
| Kapin | ||
| Kaplava | Born, Koplau | |
| Karkell | ||
| Karlsruhe | ||
| Kārsava | Karsau, Korsowka | |
| Kerstenbehm | ||
| Kastran | ||
| Katrinas | Sankt Katharinen | |
| Katvari | Kadfer | |
| Kauguri | Kaugershof | |
| Kaunata | Kownat | |
| Kazdanga | Katzdangen | |
| Fossenberg | ||
| Ķegums | Keggum | |
| Kaipen | ||
| Ķekava | Keckau | |
| Ķemeri | Kemmern | |
| Kempenhof | ||
| Kerklingen | ||
| Kegeln | ||
| Ķipēnu | Eck | |
| Klostere | Kloster-Hasenpoth | |
| Kokenhof | ||
| Koknese | Kokenhusen | |
| Kolken | ||
| Königshof | ||
| Korva | Korwenhof | |
| Kosa | Kosenhof | |
| Krape | Kroppenhof | |
| Krāslava | Kraslau | |
| Gravendahl | ||
| Krimulda | Kremon | |
| Krote | Krothen | |
| Krustpils | Kreuzburg | |
| Kruthen | ||
| Kudum | ||
| Kuldīga | Goldingen | |
| Kurcuma | Kurzum | |
| Kurmahlen | ||
| Kurmene | Kurmen | |
| Kursiten | ||
| Kurzeme | Kurland | |
| Kusa | Kussen | |
| Lade | Ladenhof | |
| Laidze | Laidsen | |
| Lambarte | Lambertshof | |
| Landze | Landsen | |
| Lassen | ||
| Latgale | Lettgallen | |
| Laubere | Laubern | |
| Laucese | Kalkuhnen | |
| Ļaudona | Laudohn | |
| Launkalne | Horstenhof | |
| Lazdona | Lasdohn | |
| Lēdurga | Loddiger | |
| Lejasciems | Aahof | |
| Lenzenhof | ||
| Lestene | Lesten | |
| Lipsthusen | ||
| Lielcecere | Groß-Zezern | |
| Lielivande | Edsen, Groß-Iwanden | |
| Lielupe | Kurländische Aa | |
| Lielvārde | Lennewarden | |
| Liepāja | Libau | |
| Liepkalne | Linden | |
| Linde | ||
| Liepna | Lipna | |
| Liepupe | Pernigel | |
| Lösern | ||
| Līgatne | Ligat | |
| Līksna | Lixna | |
| Limbaži | Lemsal | |
| Linava | Talkowa | |
| Lippaiken | ||
| Litene | Lettin | |
| Līvāni | Li(e)venhof | |
| Lieven-Bersen | ||
| Lizums | Lysohn | |
| Lode | Lohdenhof | |
| Lode | Metzküll | |
| Lubāna | Lubahn | |
| Lubeja | Lubey | |
| Lubezere | Lub-Essern | |
| Ludza | Ludsen | |
| Lugaži | Luhde | |
| Luttringen | ||
| Madliena | Sissegal | |
| Madona | Modohn | |
| Majori | Majorenhof | |
| Mālpils | Lemburg | |
| Malta | Antonopol | |
| Malupe | Malup | |
| Martzen | ||
| Fianden | ||
| Marzenhof | ||
| Sankt Matthiae | ||
| Matkule | Mattkuln | |
| Mazsalaca | Salisburg | |
| Medze | Medsen | |
| Meselau | ||
| Meiran | ||
| Memelhof | ||
| Altenwoga | ||
| Michalow | ||
| Mehrhof | ||
| Mērsrags | Markgrafen | |
| Odsen | ||
| Mežaparks | Kaiserwald | |
| Grenzhof | ||
| Mežotne | Mesohten | |
| Milzkalne | Schlokenbeck | |
| Misa | Misse | |
| More | Moritzberg | |
| Muischazeem | ||
| Muižkalni | Maikendorf | |
| Mojahn | ||
| Nabe | Nabben | |
| Naudīte | Nauditen | |
| Naukšēni | Naukschen | |
| Nereta | Nerft | |
| Nīca | Niederbartau | |
| Niekratzen | ||
| Nigranden | ||
| Nirza | Nersa | |
| Nītaure | Nitau | |
| Nogale | Nogallen | |
| Nordeck | ||
| Nurmhusen | ||
| Ogre | Ohger | |
| Olaine | Olain | |
| Ohlenhof | ||
| Homeln | ||
| Ozolaine | Osolshof | |
| Lappier | ||
| Ozolniek | Paulsgnade | |
| Pabbasch | ||
| Padure | Paddern | |
| Sepkull | ||
| Palsmane | Palzmar | |
| Pampeln | ||
| Panemune | Ponemun | |
| Pasiene | Possinja | |
| Pastende | Postenden | |
| Patkule | Patkul | |
| Pāvilosta | Paulshafen | |
| Pededze | Charlottenburg | |
| Penkule | Pankelhof | |
| Pērkone | Perkuhnenhof | |
| Peterhof | ||
| Sankt Peters-Kapelle | ||
| Pilda | Pylda | |
| Pilskalne | Schloßberg | |
| Piltene | Pilten | |
| Piņķi | Pinkenhof | |
| Plāņi | Planhof | |
| Planica | Planetzen | |
| Platone | Neu-Platon | |
| Pļaviņas | Stockmannshof | |
| Pociems | Posendorf | |
| Poderaa | Podrags | |
| Pope | Popen | |
| Prauliena | Praulen | |
| Prawingen | ||
| Preiļi | Prely | |
| Priekule | Preekuln | |
| Priekuļi | Freudenberg | |
| Prode | Prohden | |
| Puikule | Puikeln | |
| Puhren | ||
| Pormsahten | ||
| Purvmale | Bakowo | |
| Pustin | ||
| Puza | Pussen | |
| Ranka | Ramkau | |
| Ranken | ||
| Rauda | Rautensee | |
| Rauna | Ronneburg | |
| Rauza | Rausenhof | |
| Rawen | ||
| Rāvlica | Rawlilz | |
| Remte | Remten | |
| Ranzen | ||
| Renda | Rönnen | |
| Rēzekne | Rjeschiza, Rositten | |
| Rinda | Angermünde | |
| Rite | Ringen | |
| Ropaži | Rodenpois | |
| Roperbeck | ||
| Koddiak | ||
| Rozbeķi | Rosenbeck | |
| Rozula | Rosenbeck | |
| Ruba | Ringen | Formerly Reņģe in Latvian |
| Rubene | Papendorf | |
| Rubene | Rubinen | |
| Rucava | Rutzau | |
| Rudbahren | ||
| Rudsaty | ||
| Rugāji | Rugoi | |
| Rūjiena | Rujen | |
| Ruhenthal | ||
| Rundāni | Rundany | |
| Ruschon | ||
| Sabile | Zabeln | |
| Saigale | Sallgaln | |
| Saikava | Friedrichswald | |
| Saka | Sackenhausen | |
| Sakstagals | Saktygal | |
| Sala | Holmhof | |
| Salaca | Salis | |
| Salacgrīva | Salismünde | |
| Salaspils | Kirchholm | |
| Saldus | Frauenburg | |
| Saliena | Salenen | |
| Saliena | Sallensee | |
| Heydenfeld | ||
| Sahten | ||
| Sahtingen | ||
| Saucke | ||
| Saulhof | ||
| Saulkrasti | Neubad | |
| Sausneja | Saussen | |
| Sece | Setzen | |
| Seda | Sedde | |
| Zögenhof | ||
| Sehlen | ||
| Sēlpils | Selburg | |
| Sehmen | ||
| Sehren | ||
| Sermus | ||
| Sesava | Sessau | |
| Sieksate | Sexaten | |
| Sigulda | Segewold | |
| Sieklen | ||
| Solujeny | ||
| Sinole | Sinohlen | |
| Sīpele | Ziepelhof | |
| Landskron | ||
| Šķēde | Scheden | |
| Šķibe | Alexandershof | |
| Schkilbany | ||
| Slampe | Schlampen | |
| Sloka | Schlok | |
| Skaista | Isabellin | |
| Skaistkalne | Schönberg | |
| Skrīveri | Römershof | |
| Skrudalina | ||
| Skrunda | Schrunden | |
| Skujene | Schujen | |
| Adiamünde | ||
| Schlottenhof | ||
| Smārde | Schmarden | |
| Smiltene | Smilten | |
| Schnepeln | ||
| Snikere | Schnickern | |
| Spahren(hof) | ||
| Staicele | Staizel | |
| Stalbe | Stolben | |
| Stomersee | ||
| Stelpe | Stelpenhof | |
| Stende | Stenden | |
| Stiene | Ulpisch | |
| Stirniene | Stirnian | |
| Straupe | Roop | |
| Strazde | Strasden | |
| Strenči | Stackeln | |
| Stricken | ||
| Strutele | Strutteln | |
| Sturhof | ||
| Subate | Subbath | |
| Sonnaxt | ||
| Sunzel | ||
| Sussey | ||
| Svente | Swenten | |
| Neu-Salis | ||
| Schwitten | ||
| Tadaiki | Tadeiken | |
| Talsi | Talsen | |
| Tāši | Telsen | |
| Taurkalns | Tauerkaln | |
| Taurupe | Taurup | |
| Tērvete | Hofzumberge, Terwete | |
| Tetele | Tetelmünde | |
| Tegasch | ||
| Tilza | Kokorow | |
| Tirza | Tirsen | |
| Tome | Thomsdorf | |
| Torņakalns | Thorensberg | |
| Toce | Tootzen | |
| Tolka | Tolkenhof | |
| Trapene | Treppenhof | |
| Trikāta | Trikaten | |
| Espenhöhe | ||
| Tuja | Taubenhof | |
| Tukums | Tuckum | |
| Tume | Tummen | |
| Turaida | Tureiden | |
| Turlau | ||
| Ugāle | Ugahlen | |
| Kuckern | ||
| Ulmale | Ullmahlen | |
| Umurga | Ubbenorm | |
| Lehmenen, Limenen | ||
| Upesgrīva | Uppegriwe | |
| Usma | Usmaiten | |
| Užava | Hasau | |
| Vadakste | Waddax | |
| Waidau | ||
| Wainsel | ||
| Vaiņode | Wainoden | |
| Valdemārpils | Sassmacken | formerly Sasmaka in Latvian |
| Valgale | Wallgahlen | |
| Valgunde | Wolgund | |
| Valka | Walk | |
| Valle | Wallhof | |
| Valmiera | Wolmar | |
| Neuhausen | ||
| Vandzene | Wandsen | |
| Vane | Wahnen | |
| Vangaži | Wangasch | |
| Varakļāni | Warkland | |
| Varkau | ||
| Vārme | Wormen | |
| Vārnava | Wahrenbrock | |
| Vārve | Warwen | |
| Vecjerceni | Wohlfahrt | |
| Veclikupeni | Lihkuppen | |
| Neugut | ||
| Vecpils | Altenburg | |
| Vecslababa | Staraja Sloboda | |
| Vecsvirlauka | Alt-Bergfried | |
| Fehgen | ||
| Velena | Wellan | |
| Hohenbergen | ||
| Venta | Windau | |
| Ventspils | Windau | |
| Virginahlen | ||
| Veseleva | Wesselhof | |
| Vesterots | Westerotten | |
| Vestiene | Festen | |
| Vidriži | Widdrisch | |
| Galen | ||
| Vidzeme | Livland | |
| Viesīte | Eckengraf | |
| Vietalva | Fehteln | |
| Vijciems | Wiezenhof | |
| Viļaka | Marienhausen | |
| Viļāni | Welonen | |
| Vilce | Wilzen | |
| Vilceni | Wilsenhof | |
| Vildoga | Nurmis | |
| Viļeni | Wilon | |
| Vilkumiests | Egipten | |
| Vīrane | Wirroniz | |
| Virbi | Wirben | |
| Vircava | Würzau | |
| Virga | Wirgen | |
| Ramdan | ||
| Višķi | Wyschki | |
| Vitrupe | Witterbeck | |
| Grünhof | ||
| Zālīte | Grünewalde | |
| Salwen | ||
| Zante | Santen | |
| Zasa | Weessen, Weessen, Wehsen, Wiessen | |
| Zaube | Jürgensburg | |
| Zebrene | Rengenhof | |
| Seltinghof | ||
| Zemgale | Semgallen | |
| Samiten | ||
| Zentene | Senten | |
| Ziemeris | Semershof | |
| Ziemupe | Seemuppen | |
| Zilupe | Rosenau | |
| Sirgen | ||
| Schleck | ||
| Suhrs | ||
| Zvārde | Schwarden | |
| Schwarzhof | ||
| Zvirgzdene | Swirsdino |
References[]
- Harry von Hofmann (1999). Latvia, Handbook of Philately and Postal History. The Postmarks and Post Offices 1918-1940. Harry von Hofmann Verlag. ISBN 3-7636-5072-5.
- Andris Caune (1998). Rīgas Pārdaugava pirms 100 gadiem: Pārdaugavas iedzīvotāji 19. gs. beigu un 20. gs. sākuma atklātnēs (in Latvian). Zinātne, Riga. ISBN 5-7966-1163-1.
- Arveds Švābe; Aleksandrs Būmanis; Kārlis Dišlers (1936). Latviešu konversācijas vārdnīca, XIV. sējums: "Muižu nosaukumi" (in Latvian). A. Gulbja Apgādība, Riga. OCLC 15748235.
See also[]
Categories:
- Lists of German exonyms
- Geographic history of Latvia
- Latvia geography-related lists