List of United Nations peacekeeping missions

  Current Missions   Past Missions

UN refugee camp in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.

IDP camp in Sudan resulting from the Darfur conflict.

This is a list of United Nations peacekeeping missions since the United Nations was founded in 1945, organized by region, with the dates of deployment, the name of the related conflict, and the name of the UN operation.

Peacekeeping, as defined by the United Nations, is a way to help countries torn by conflict create conditions for sustainable peace. UN peacekeepers—soldiers and military officers, police officers and civilian personnel from many countries—monitor and observe peace processes that emerge in post-conflict situations and assist ex-combatants in implementing the peace agreements they have signed. Such assistance comes in many forms, including confidence-building measures, power-sharing arrangements, electoral support, strengthening the rule of law, and economic and social development.

The Charter of the United Nations gives the Security Council the power and responsibility to take collective action to maintain international peace and security. For this reason, the international community usually looks to the Security Council to authorize peacekeeping operations. Most of these operations are established and implemented by the United Nations itself with troops serving under UN operational command. In other cases, where direct UN involvement is not considered appropriate or feasible, the Council authorises regional organisations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, the Economic Community of West African States or coalitions of willing countries to implement certain peacekeeping or peace enforcement functions. In modern times, peacekeeping operations have evolved into many different functions, including diplomatic relations with other countries, international bodies of justice (such as the International Criminal Court), and eliminating problems such as landmines that can lead to new incidents of fighting.

Completed missions (58)[]

Africa[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1960–1964	United Nations Operation in the Congo (ONUC)	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Congo Crisis	[1]
1988–1991	United Nations Angola Verification Mission I (UNAVEM I)	Angola	Angolan Civil War	[2]
1991	The United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)	Western Sahara	Western Sahara War	[3]
1989–1990	United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG)	Namibia	Namibian War of Independence	[4]
1991–1995	United Nations Angola Verification Mission II (UNAVEM II)	Angola	Angolan Civil War	[5]
1992–1994	United Nations Operation in Mozambique (ONUMOZ)	Mozambique	Mozambican Civil War	[6]
1992–1993	United Nations Operation in Somalia I (UNOSOM I)	Somalia	Somali Civil War	[7]
1993–1997	United Nations Observer Mission in Liberia (UNOMIL)	Liberia	First Liberian Civil War	[8]
1993–1994	United Nations Observer Mission Uganda-Rwanda (UNOMUR)	Rwanda	Rwandan Civil War	[9]
		Uganda
1993–1996	United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR)	Rwanda	Rwandan Civil War	[10]
1993–1995	United Nations Operation in Somalia II (UNOSOM II)	Somalia	Somali Civil War	[11]
1994	United Nations Aouzou Strip Observer Group (UNASOG)	Chad	Aouzou Strip dispute	[12]
		Libya
1995–1997	United Nations Angola Verification Mission III (UNAVEM III)	Angola	Angolan Civil War	[13]
1997–1999	United Nations Observer Mission in Angola (MONUA)	Angola	Angolan Civil War	[14]
1998–1999	United Nations Observer Mission in Sierra Leone (UNOMSIL)	Sierra Leone	Sierra Leone Civil War	[15]
1998–2000	United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic (MINURCA)	Central African Republic		[16]
1999–2005	United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL)	Sierra Leone	Sierra Leone Civil War	[17]
2000–2008	United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE)	Eritrea	Eritrean–Ethiopian War	[18]
		Ethiopia
2004–2007	United Nations Operation in Burundi (ONUB)	Burundi	Burundi Civil War	[19]
1999–2010	United Nations Organisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO)	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Second Congo War	[20]
2007–2010	United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT)	Chad  Central African Republic	Darfur Conflict, Civil war in Chad (2005–2010)	[21]
2005–2011	United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)	Sudan	Second Sudanese Civil War	[22]
2004–2017	United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire (UNOCI)	Côte d'Ivoire	First Ivorian Civil War	[23]
2003–2018	United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)	Liberia	Second Liberian Civil War	[24]
2007–2020	United Nations/African Union Mission in Darfur (UNAMID)	Sudan	War in Darfur	[25]

Americas[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1965–1966	Mission of the Representative of the Secretary-General in the Dominican Republic ()	Dominican Republic	Operation Power Pack	[26]
1989–1992	United Nations Observer Group in Central America (ONUCA)	Costa Rica	Central American crisis Nicaraguan Civil War	[27]
		El Salvador
		Guatemala
		Honduras
		Nicaragua
1991–1995	United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL)	El Salvador	El Salvador Civil War	[28]
1993–1996	United Nations Mission in Haiti (UNMIH)	Haiti	1991 coup and military rule in Haiti	[29]
1996–1997	United Nations Support Mission in Haiti ()	Haiti	Stabilizing Haiti's new democracy	[30]
1997	United Nations Verification Mission in Guatemala (MINUGUA)	Guatemala	Guatemalan Civil War	[31]
1997	United Nations Transition Mission in Haiti ()	Haiti	Training of the Haitian National Police	[32]
1997–2000	United Nations Civilian Police Mission in Haiti ()	Haiti	Training of the Haitian National Police	[33]
2000–2001	United Nations General Assembly International Civilian Support Mission in Haiti ()	Haiti	Training of the Haitian National Police	[34]
2004–2017	United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH)	Haiti	2004 Haitian coup d'état	[35]
2017–2019	United Nations Mission for Justice Support in Haiti (MINUJUSTH)	Haiti	2004 Haitian coup d'état	[36]

1. ^ Shown are the flags of the five countries in which ONUCA operated. They are in this order (sorted alphabetically): Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua.

Asia[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1962–1963	United Nations Security Force in West New Guinea (UNSF)	Netherlands New Guinea	Transfer of sovereignty over West New Guinea	[37]
		Indonesia
1965–1966	United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission (UNIPOM)	Pakistan	Indo-Pakistani War of 1965	[38]
		India
1988–1990	United Nations Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and Pakistan (UNGOMAP)	Afghanistan	Soviet–Afghan War	[39]
		Pakistan
1991–1992	United Nations Advance Mission in Cambodia (UNAMIC)	Cambodia	Conflict in Cambodia	[40]
1992–1993	United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC)	Cambodia	Conflict in Cambodia	[41]
1994–2000	United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT)	Tajikistan	Tajikistan Civil War	[42]
1999	United Nations Mission in East Timor (UNAMET)	East Timor	Indonesian invasion of East Timor	[43]
		Indonesia
1999–2002	The United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET)	East Timor	Indonesian invasion of East Timor	[44]
		Indonesia
2002–2005	United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET)	East Timor	Indonesian invasion of East Timor	[45]
2006–2012	United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT)	East Timor	2006 East Timorese crisis	[46]

1. ^ Shown are the flags of the newly independent East Timor and its former occupier, Indonesia (in that order).

Europe[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1992–1995	United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR)	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Yugoslav Wars	[47]
		Croatia
		Republic of Macedonia
		FR Yugoslavia
1993–2009	United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)	Georgia	Abkhazian War	[48]
1994–1996	United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation (UNCRO)	Croatia	Croatian War of Independence	[49]
1995–2002	United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH)	Bosnia and Herzegovina	Bosnian War	[50]
1995–1999	United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP)	Macedonia	Aftermath of the Yugoslav wars	[51]
1996–1998	United Nations Transitional Authority in Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium (UNTAES)	Croatia	Croatian War of Independence	[52]
1996–2002	United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP)	Croatia	Prevlaka territorial dispute	[53]
		FR Yugoslavia
1998	United Nations Civilian Police Support Group (UNPSG)	Croatia	Croatian War of Independence	[54]

1. ^ This mission operated within former Yugoslav successor states of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro). The flags are shown in this order.

2. ^ Prevlaka Peninsula was claimed by both Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) and the flags are shown in this order. Upon resolution, all parties accepted Croatia's claim to the territory.

Middle East[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1956–1967	First United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF I)	Egypt	Suez Crisis	[55]
		Israel
1958	United Nations Observation Group in Lebanon (UNOGIL)	Lebanon	1958 Lebanon crisis	[56]
1963–1964	United Nations Yemen Observation Mission (UNYOM)	North Yemen	Yemen Civil War	[57]
1973–1979	Second United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF II)	Egypt	Yom Kippur War	[58]
		Israel
1988–1991	United Nations Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group (UNIIMOG)	Iran	Iran–Iraq War	[59]
		Iraq
1991–2003	United Nations Iraq-Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)	Iraq	Gulf War	[60]
		Kuwait
2012	United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria (UNSMIS)	Syria	Syrian civil war	[61]

Current missions (12)[]

Africa[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1991	United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)	Morocco	Western Sahara conflict	[62]
		Sahrawi Republic
2010	United Nations Organisation Stabilisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO)	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Kivu conflict	[63]
2011	United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA)	Sudan	Abyei conflict	[64]
2011	United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS)	South Sudan	Ethnic violence in South Sudan South Sudanese Civil War	[65]
2013	Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in Mali (MINUSMA)	Mali	Northern Mali conflict	[66]
2014	United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilisation Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA)	Central African Republic	Central African Republic Civil War	[67]

Asia[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1949	United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP)	India	Kashmir conflict	[68]
		Pakistan

Europe[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1964	United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)	Cyprus  Northern Cyprus	Cyprus dispute	[69]
1999	United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK)	Kosovo  Serbia	Kosovo War	[70]

Middle East[]

Dates of operation	Name of operation	Location	Conflict	Website
1948	United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation (UNTSO)	Middle East	(Monitors the various ceasefires and assists UNDOF and UNIFIL)	[71]
1974	United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)	Israel  Syria  Lebanon	Agreed withdrawal by Syrian and Israeli forces following the Yom Kippur War.	[72]
1978	United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)	Lebanon	Israeli invasion of Lebanon and 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict	[73]

1. ^ The United Nations and all foreign governments but Turkey recognise the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus, whose flag is shown first, over the whole island of Cyprus. The second flag is that of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a de facto state, by virtue of controlling the northern third of the island, which is recognised only by Turkey.

2. ^ The first flag is the flag of Serbia, used by Republic of Serbia which claims sovereignty over Kosovo. The second is the flag of the Republic of Kosovo which is in de facto control over the territory. As of 4 September 2020, it is recognised by 97 UN member countries. For more information see Kosovo.

See also[]

• List of non-UN peacekeeping missions
• Peacekeeping
• Timeline of UN peacekeeping missions
• Human Rights in United Nations missions

References[]

See individual mission websites with their listing.

• UN peacekeeping website