List of endangered molluscs
- : 13 species
- Critically endangered (CR): 581 species
- Endangered (EN): 507 species
- Vulnerable (VU): 879 species
- Near threatened (NT, LR/cd): 535 species
- Least concern (LC): 2,437 species
- Data deficient (DD): 1,988 species
Mollusc species (IUCN, 2020.1)
- 6941 extant species have been evaluated
- 4953 of those are fully assessed[a]
- 2972 are not threatened at present[b]
- 1967 to 3955 are threatened[c]
- 324 to 441 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
- 311 extinct (EX) species[d]
- 13 extinct in the wild (EW)
- 117 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
- 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
- ^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
- ^ NT, LR/cd, LC.
- ^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
- ^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Endangered (EN) species are considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 507 endangered mollusc species.[1] 7.0% of all evaluated mollusc species are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists nine mollusc subspecies as endangered.
No subpopulations of molluscs have been evaluated by the IUCN.
For a species to be considered endangered by the IUCN it must meet certain quantitative criteria which are designed to classify taxa facing "a very high risk of exintction". An even higher risk is faced by critically endangered species, which meet the quantitative criteria for endangered species. Critically endangered molluscs are listed separately. There are 1088 mollusc species which are endangered or critically endangered.
Additionally 1988 mollusc species (27% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[2] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[3]
This is a complete list of endangered mollusc species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN.
Gastropods[]
There are 448 species and seven subspecies of gastropod assessed as endangered.
Stylommatophora[]
Stylommatophora is a very diverse group that includes the majority of land snails and slugs. There are 187 species and two subspecies in the order Stylommatophora assessed as endangered.
A shell of Eua zebrina
A live specimen of Samoa diaphana
A live specimen of Newcombia cumingi
A shell of Partulina variabilis
A gathering of live specimens of Ctenophila setiliris in Réunion
A live individual of Gonospira uvula
Live individuals of Helix texta
A live specimen Iberus gualtieranus
Different views of a shell of Xerocrassa montserratensis
A live individual of Megalobulimus parafragilior
Different views of a shell of Patera clenchi
Different views of a shell of Sculptiferussacia clausiliaeformis
Several empty shells of Truncatellina arcyensis
A shell of Vertigo heldi
Partulids[]
- Eua zebrina
- Partula thetis
- Samoana conica
- Samoana diaphana
- Samoana thurstoni
Achatinellids[]
- Newcombia canaliculata
- Newcombia cumingi
- Newcombia lirata
- Newcombia perkinsi
- Newcombia pfeifferi
- Newcombia sulcata
- Partulina mighelsiana
- Partulina perdix
- Partulina physa
- Partulina proxima
- Partulina redfieldi
- Partulina semicarinata
- Partulina splendida (splendid partulina)
- Partulina tappaniana
- Partulina tessellata
- Partulina variabilis
- Perdicella helena
Cerastids[]
Endodontids[]
- Aaadonta constricta
- Aaadonta fuscozonata
- Hirasea acutissima
- Hirasea chichijimana
- Hirasea diplomphalus
- Hirasea insignis
- Hirasea operculina
- Thaumatodon hystricelloides
Charopids[]
Helicarionids[]
- Advena charon
- Dolapex amiculus
- Erepta odontina
- Lutilodix imitratrix
- Mathewsoconcha belli
Orthalicids[]
Species
Subspecies
- (Stock Island tree snail)
Euconulids[]
Streptaxids[]
Species
- Careoradula perelegans
- Edentulina moreleti
- Glabrennea gardineri
- Gonospira deshayesi
- Gonospira uvula
- Gulella antelmeana
- Gulella aprosdoketa
- Gulella claustralis
- Gulella taitensis
- Imperturbatia violescens
- Microstrophia modesta
Subspecies
Camaenids[]
Helicids[]
- Codringtonia codringtonii (Rock snail)
- Helix godetiana
- Helix texta
- Iberus gualtieranus
- Lampadia webbiana
- Tacheocampylaea tacheoides
Hygromiids[]
- Actinella carinofausta
- Candidula grovesiana
- Candidula setubalensis
- Caseolus calvus
- Geomitra moniziana
- Geomitra tiarella
- Helicella stiparum
- Leptaxis caldeirarum
- Leptaxis wollastoni
- Pyrenaearia organiaca
- Serratorotula coronata
- Trochulus biconicus
- Xerocrassa edmundi
- Xerocrassa montserratensis
- Xerocrassa moraguesi
- Xerosecta adolfi
- Xerotricha gasulli
Other stylommatophoran species[]
- Ampelita fulgurata
- Ampelita julii
- Purcell's hunter slug (Chlamydephorus purcelli)
- Cryptazeca kobelti
- Euonyma curtissima
- Kern shoulderband (Helminthoglypta callistoderma)
- Lampedusa imitatrix
- Leiostyla concinna
- Leiostyla falknerorum
- Leptachatina lepida
- Megalobulimus fragilion
- Megalobulimus lopesi
- Megalobulimus parafragilior
- Clench's middle-toothed land snail (Mesodon clenchi)
- Napaeus nanodes
- Occirhenea georgiana
- Parmacella tenerifensis
- Sculptiferussacia clausiliaeformis
- Subuliniscus arambourgi
- Succinea piratarum
- Succinea quadrasi
- Thapsia buraensis
- Thapsia snelli
- Kaputar pink slug (Triboniophorus sp. 'Kaputar')
- Trochomorpha apia
- Truncatellina arcyensis
- Vallonia suevica
- Vertigo heldi
- Victaphanta compacta
- Videna oleacina
- Zonitoides jaccetanicus
Littorinimorpha[]
There are 147 littorinimorph species and three subspecies assessed as endangered.
A live individual of Antrobia culveri
A live specimen of Belgrandiella wawrai
Hydrobiids[]
- Antrobia culveri (Tumbling Creek cavesnail)
- Beddomeia capensis
- Beddomeia fallax
- Belgrandiella wawrai
- Bythinella bavarica
- Bythinella carinulata
- Bythinella viridis
- Bythiospeum elseri
- Bythiospeum klemmi
- Bythiospeum noricum
- Fonscochlea aquatica
- Fonscochlea billakalina
- Graecoanatolica dinarica
- Graecoanatolica lacustristurca
- Graecoanatolica pamphylica
- Graziana klagenfurtensis
- Hauffenia kerschneri
- Hauffenia wienerwaldensis
- Hemistomia pusillior
- Heterocyclus perroquini
- Heterocyclus petiti
- Jardinella acuminata
- Jardinella exigua
- Jardinella jesswiseae
- Jardinella pallida
- Jardinella zeidlerorum
- Ocmulgee marstonia (Marstonia agarhecta)
- Duckwater pyrg (Pyrgulopsis aloba)
- San Bernardino springsnail (Pyrgulopsis bernardina)
- Transverse grand pyrg (Pyrgulopsis cruciglans)
- Naegele springsnail (Pyrgulopsis metcalfi)
- (Saxurinator sketi)
- Trochidrobia inflata
Bithyniids[]
Species
Subspecies
Assimineids[]
- Pecos assiminea (Assiminea pecos)
- Cape Leeuwin snail (Austroassiminea letha)
- Omphalotropis hieroglyphica
Pomatiopsids[]
- Fenouilia kreitneri
- Tomichia differens
Other Littorinimorpha species[]
- Cremnoconchus carinatus
- Cremnoconchus syhadrensis
- Tropidophora articulata
- Tropidophora deburghiae
- (Tryonia diaboli)
Sorbeoconcha[]
- Bathanalia howesi
- Walnut elimia (Elimia bellula)
- Hirthia littorina
- Spiny river snail (Io fluvialis)
- Painted rocksnail (Leptoxis taeniata)
- Melanopsis etrusca
- Melanopsis letourneuxi
- Melanopsis magnifica
- Melanopsis mourebeyensis
- Paludomus ajanensis
- Rough hornsnail (Pleurocera foremani)
- Semisulcospira morii
Architaenioglossa[]
Species
- Adelopoma stolli
- Arinia biplicata
- Arinia streptaxiformis
- Bellamya contracta
- Bellamya crawshayi
- Bellamya phthinotropis
- Bellamya robertsoni
- Boucardicus carylae
- Boucardicus culminans
- Boucardicus curvifolius
- Boucardicus delicatus
- Boucardicus divei
- Boucardicus esetrae
- Boucardicus magnilobatus
- Boucardicus mahermanae
- Boucardicus randalanai
- Boucardicus victorhernandezi
- Diplommatina inflatula
- Diplommatina pyramis
- Heterogen longispira
- Hungerfordia pelewensis
- Lanistes alexandri
- Lanistes nyassanus
- Lanistes solidus
- Margarya bicostata
- Margarya mansuyi
- Notopala sublineata
- Opisthostoma dormani
- Opisthostoma simplex
- Palaina wilsoni
- Tulotoma (Tulotoma magnifica)
Subspecies
Cycloneritimorpha[]
- Helicina rostrata
- Black nerite (Theodoxus prevostianus)
- (Theodoxus subterrelictus)
- Striped nerite (Theodoxus transversalis)
Hygrophila species[]
There are 22 Hygrophila species assessed as endangered.
Planorbids[]
- Africanogyrus rodriguezensis
- Africanogyrus starmuehlneri
- Biomphalaria tchadiensis
- Bulinus camerunensis
- Bulinus succinoides
- Gyraulus cockburni
Lymnaeids[]
- (Stagnicola idahoensis)
Neogastropoda[]
- Conus ateralbus
- Conus belairensis
- Conus bruguieresi
- Conus cloveri
- Conus crotchii
- Conus cuneolus
- Conus echinophilus
- Conus fernandesi
- Conus hybridus
- Conus mercator
- Conus unifasciatus
Other gastropod species[]
- Pinto abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana)
- Caterpillar slug (Laevicaulis haroldi)
Bivalvia[]
There are 57 species and two subspecies in the class Bivalvia assessed as endangered.
Unionida[]
There are 54 species and two subspecies in the order Unionoida assessed as endangered.
Margaritiferids[]
- Spectacle case pearly mussel (Cumberlandia monodonta)
- Freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera)
- Alabama pearl shell (Margaritifera marrianae)
Unionids[]
Species
- Altamaha arcmussel (Alasmidonta arcula)
- Cumberland elktoe (Alasmidonta atropurpurea)
- (Alasmidonta triangulata)
- Anodonta pseudodopsis
- (Arcidens wheeleri)
- Salina mucket (Disconaias salinasensis)
- Chipola slabshell (Elliptio chipolaensis)
- Altamaha spinymussel (Elliptio spinosa)
- Oyster mussel (Epioblasma capsaeformis)
- Fine-rayed pigtoe pearly mussel (Fusconaia cuneolus)
- Narrow pigtoe (Fusconaia escambia)
- Triangle pigtoe (Fusconaia lananensis)
- Atlantic pigtoe (Fusconaia masoni)
- Finelined pocketbook (Hamiota altilis)
- Yellow lampmussel (Lampsilis cariosa)
- Higgins' eye pearly mussel (Lampsilis higginsii)
- Arkansas fatmucket (Lampsilis powellii)
- Neosho mucket (Lampsilis rafinesqueana)
- Alabama moccasinshell (Medionidus acutissimus)
- Coosa moccasinshell (Medionidus parvulus)
- Round ebonyshell (Obovaria rotulata)
- Sheepnose (Plethobasus cyphyus)
- Southern clubshell (Pleurobema decisum)
- Oval pigtoe (Pleurobema pyriforme)
- Heavy pigtoe (Pleurobema taitianum)
- Slab-sided pearly mussel (Pleuronaia dolabelloides)
- Texas heelsplitter (Potamilus amphichaenus)
- Inflated heelsplitter (Potamilus inflatus)
- Potomida littoralis
- Triangular kidneyshell (Ptychobranchus greenii)
- Cumberland monkeyface pearly mussel (Quadrula intermedia)
- Thick shelled river mussel (Unio crassus)
- Bean mussel (Villosa fabalis)
Subspecies
- Catspaw (Epioblasma obliquata obliquata)
- (Quadrula cylindrica strigillata)
Other Unionida species[]
Venerida[]
- Pisidium maasseni
Cephalopods[]
See also[]
- Lists of IUCN Red List endangered species
- List of least concern molluscs
- List of near threatened molluscs
- List of vulnerable molluscs
- List of critically endangered molluscs
- List of recently extinct molluscs
- List of data deficient molluscs
References[]
- ^ "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 8 September 2016.
- ^ "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
Categories:
- IUCN Red List endangered species
- Lists of animals by conservation status