List of vulnerable molluscs
- : 13 species
- Critically endangered (CR): 581 species
- Endangered (EN): 507 species
- Vulnerable (VU): 879 species
- Near threatened (NT, LR/cd): 535 species
- Least concern (LC): 2,437 species
- Data deficient (DD): 1,988 species
Mollusc species (IUCN, 2020.1)
- 6941 extant species have been evaluated
- 4953 of those are fully assessed[a]
- 2972 are not threatened at present[b]
- 1967 to 3955 are threatened[c]
- 324 to 441 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
- 311 extinct (EX) species[d]
- 13 extinct in the wild (EW)
- 117 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
- 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
- ^ excludes data deficient evaluations.
- ^ NT, LR/cd, LC.
- ^ Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
- ^ Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Vulnerable (VU) species are considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
As of September 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 879 vulnerable mollusc species.[1] 12% of all evaluated mollusc species are listed as vulnerable. The IUCN also lists 18 mollusc subspecies as vulnerable.
No subpopulations of molluscs have been evaluated by the IUCN.
For a species to be assessed as vulnerable to extinction the best available evidence must meet quantitative criteria set by the IUCN designed to reflect "a high risk of extinction in the wild". Endangered and critically endangered species also meet the quantitative criteria of vulnerable species, and are listed separately. See: List of endangered molluscs, List of critically endangered molluscs. Vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered species are collectively referred to as threatened species by the IUCN.
Additionally 1988 mollusc species (27% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[2] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[3]
This is a complete list of vulnerable mollusc species and subspecies evaluated by the IUCN.
Gastropods[]
There are 828 species and 16 subspecies of gastropod assessed as vulnerable.
Stylommatophora[]
Stylommatophora includes the majority of land snails and slugs. There are 339 species and six subspecies in the order Stylommatophora assessed as vulnerable.
Charopids[]
- Allocharopa erskinensis
- Cralopa colliveri
- Dupucharopa millestriata
- Geminoropa scindocataracta
- Hedleyoconcha ailaketoae
- Norfolcioconch iota
- Norfolcioconch norfolkensis
- Oreomava otwayensis
- Penescosta mathewsi
- Penescosta sororcula
- Pernagera gatliffi
- Pilsbrycharopa tumida
- Pilula praetumida
- Radiodiscus compactus
- Rhysoconcha atanuiensis
- Roblinella agnewi
- Ruatara oparica
- Sinployea pitcairnensis
Helicarionids[]
- Buffetia retinaculum
- Diastole tenuistriata
- Harmogenanina argentea
- Helicarion leopardina
- Helicarion porrectus
- Burgundy snail (Helicarion rubicundus)
- Iredaleoconcha caporaphe
- Kaliella hongkongensis
- Philonesia filiceti
- Philonesia pitcairnensis
- Pittoconcha concinna
- Theskelomensor creon
- Tubuaia fosbergi
Orthalicids[]
- Bothriembryon bradshaweri
- Bothriembryon brazieri
- Bothriembryon glauerti
- Bothriembryon irvineanus
- Bothriembryon spenceri
- Bothriembryon whitleyi
- Bulimulus akamatus
- Bulimulus alethorhytidus
- Bulimulus amastroides
- Bulimulus blombergi
- Bulimulus calvus
- Bulimulus cavagnaroi
- Bulimulus darwini
- Bulimulus hoodensis
- Bulimulus jervisensis
- Bulimulus nesioticus
- Bulimulus perrus
- Bulimulus rabidensis
- Bulimulus tortuganus
- Bulimulus unifasciatus
- Bulimulus ustulatus
- Drymaeus acervatus
- Drymaeus henseli
- Placostylus ambagiosus
- New Zealand flax snail (Placostylus bollonsi)
- Placostylus eddystonensis
- Placostylus fibratus
- Pupuharakeke or flax snail (Placostylus hongii)
- Placostylus porphyrostomus
Euconulids[]
Streptaxids[]
- Acanthennea erinacea
- Augustula braueri
- Gonidomus sulcatus
- Gonospira cylindrella
- Gonospira holostoma
- Gonospira madgei
- Gonospira striaticostus
- Gonospira teres
- Gonospira turgidula
- Gulella amboniensis
- Microstrophia nana
- Priodiscus serratus
- Silhouettia silhouettae
Ferussaciids[]
- Amphorella cimensis
- Amphorella iridescens
- Amphorella melampoides
- Cecilioides connollyi
- Cylichnidia ovuliformis
Helminthoglyptids[]
- White desert snail (Eremarionta immaculata)
- Thousand Palms desert snail (Eremarionta millepalmarum)
- Allyn Smith's banded snail (Helminthoglypta allynsmithi)
- Mesa shoulderband (Helminthoglypta coelata)
- Concentrated snail (Micrarionta facta)
- Gabb's snail (Micrarionta gabbii)
- Prickly Pear Island snail (Micrarionta opuntia)
- Keeled sideband (Monadenia circumcarinata)
- Trinity bristle snail (Monadenia setosa)
- Plain cactus snail (Xerarionta intercisa)
- Wreathed cactus snail (Xerarionta redimita)
- Bicolor cactus snail (Xerarionta tryoni)
Oxychilids[]
- Mediterranea amaltheae
- Oxychilus agostinhoi
- Oxychilus lineolatus
- Oxychilus oglasicola
- Retinella stabilei
Camaenids[]
- Carinotrachia carsoniana
- Cristilabrum isolatum
- Cristilabrum monodon
- Cristilabrum primum
- Cristilabrum rectum
- Cristilabrum simplex
- Cupedora nottensis
- Divellomelon hillieri
- Glyptorhagada bordaensis
- Glyptorhagada euglypta
- Glyptorhagada kooringensis
- Glyptorhagada tattawuppana
- Kimboraga koolanensis
- Kimboraga micromphala
- Kimboraga yammerana
- Mouldingia occidentalis
- Ningbingia australis
- Ningbingia bulla
- Ningbingia dentiens
- Ningbingia laurina
- Ningbingia octava
- Ningbingia res
- Mount dryander scaly snail (Offachloritis dryanderensis)
- Ordtrachia elegans
- (Pallidelix bennetti)
- Pleuroxia hinsbyi
- (Pommerhelix depressa)
- Prototrachia sedula
- Rhagada gibbensis
- Rhagada harti
- Semotrachia euzyga
- Sinumelon bednalli
- Torresitrachia thedana
- Turgenitubulus aslini
- Turgenitubulus costus
- Turgenitubulus depressus
- Turgenitubulus foramenus
- Turgenitubulus opiranus
- Turgenitubulus pagodula
- Turgenitubulus tanmurrana
- Vidumelon wattii
- Westraltrachia alterna
- Westraltrachia inopinata
- Westraltrachia lievreana
- Westraltrachia porcata
- Westraltrachia recta
- Westraltrachia subtila
- Westraltrachia turbinata
- Youwanjela wilsoni
Lauriids[]
Vertiginids[]
Species
- Gastrocopta boninensis
- Hypselostoma megaphonum
- Hypselostoma perigyra
- Desmoulin's whorl snail (Vertigo moulinsiana)
- Vertigo parcedentata
Subspecies
Trissexodontids[]
- Oestophora granesae
- Suboestophora altamirai
- Suboestophora hispanica
- Suboestophora jeresae
Helicids[]
Species
- Chilostoma adelozona
- Codringtonia elisabethae
- Codringtonia eucineta
- Codringtonia gittenbergeri
- Codringtonia helenae
- Codringtonia intusplicata
- Codringtonia neocrassa
- Codringtonia parnassia
- Hemicycla inutilis
- Hemicycla pouchet
- Iberus campesinus
- Tacheocampylaea raspailii
Subspecies
Hygromiids[]
Species
- Actinella actinophora
- Actinella armitageana
- Actinella giramica
- Actinella laciniosa
- Actinella littorinella
- Canariella hispidula
- Canariella leprosa
- Canariella pthonera
- Candidula fiorii
- Candidula spadae
- Caseolus calculus
- Caseolus leptostictus
- Cernuellopsis ghisottii
- Ciliellopsis oglasae
- Cryptosaccus asturiensis
- Disculella spirulina
- Hygromia golasi
- Cima discula (Hystricella turricula)
- Leptaxis furva
- Nienhuisiella antonellae
- Pyrenaearia cotiellae
- Pyrenaearia daanidentata
- Pyrenaearia navasi
- Pyrenaearia parva
- Pyrenaearia velascoi
- Spirorbula squalida
- Xerocrassa cardonae
- Xerocrassa gharlapsi
- Xerocrassa roblesi
- Xerocrassa zaharensis
- Xerotricha bierzona
Subspecies
Vitrinids[]
Chondrinids[]
- Abida ateni
- Chondrina oligodonta
- Solatopupa psarolena
Enids[]
Other Stylommatophora[]
Species
- Tight coin (Ammonitella yatesii)
- Ampelita soulaiana
- Archachatina bicarinata
- Boettgeria obesiuscula
- Bofilliella subarcuata
- Boninosuccinea ogasawarae
- Boninosuccinea punctulispira
- Burnup's hunter slug (Chlamydephorus burnupi)
- Snake skin hunter slug (Chlamydephorus dimidius)
- Christianoconcha quintalia
- Clavator moreleti
- Cryptazeca elongata
- Cryptazeca monodonta
- Cryptazeca spelaea
- Cryptazeca subcylindrica
- Mission Creek Oregonian (Cryptomastix magnidentata)
- Deroceras tarraceuse
- Marbled disc (Discus marmorensis)
- Elasmias cernicum
- Elasmias kitaiwojimanum
- Falkneria camerani
- Gonyostomus insularis
- Lamellidea biplicata
- Lamellidea ogasawarana
- Tongaland cannibal snail (Natalina wesseliana)
- Neniatlanta pauli
- Nesopupa madgei
- Obelus despreauxii
- Orcula zilchi
- Boulder pile mountain snail (Oreohelix jugalis)
- Vortex banded mountain snail (Oreohelix vortex)
- Lava rock mountain snail (Oreohelix waltoni)
- Partula hyalina
- Cataract gorge snail (Pasmaditta jungermanniae)
- Ptychalaea dedecora
- Samoana margaritae
- Sheldonia puzeyi
- Speleodentorcula beroni
- Videna electra
- Vitrea pseudotrolli
- Zyzzyxdonta alata
Subspecies
Littorinimorpha[]
There are 324 species and seven subspecies in the order Littorinimorpha assessed as vulnerable.
Hydrobiids[]
Species
- Antrobia breweri
- Blue spring aphaostracon (Aphaostracon asthenes)
- (Aphaostracon chalarogyrus)
- Wekiwa hydrobe (Aphaostracon monas)
- Dense hydrobe (Aphaostracon pycnus)
- Beddomeia angulata
- Beddomeia averni
- Beddomeia bellii
- Beddomeia bowryensis
- Beddomeia briansmithi
- Beddomeia camensis
- Beddomeia forthensis
- Beddomeia franklandensis
- Beddomeia fromensis
- Beddomeia fultoni
- Beddomeia gibba
- Beddomeia hallae
- Beddomeia hullii
- Beddomeia inflata
- Beddomeia kershawi
- Beddomeia kessneri
- Beddomeia krybetes
- Beddomeia launcestonensis
- Beddomeia lodderae
- Beddomeia mesibovi
- Beddomeia minima
- Beddomeia petterdi
- Beddomeia phasianella
- Beddomeia protuberata
- Beddomeia ronaldi
- Beddomeia salmonis
- Beddomeia tasmanica
- Beddomeia topsiae
- Beddomeia turnerae
- Beddomeia waterhouseae
- Beddomeia wilmotensis
- Beddomeia wiseae
- Beddomeia zeehanensis
- Belgrandia silviae
- (Belgrandia torifera)
- Belgrandiella bureschi
- Belgrandiella fuchsi
- Bythinella galerae
- Bythinella padiraci
- Bythiospeum acicula
- Bythiospeum geyeri
- (Bythiospeum hungaricum)
- (Bythiospeum oshanovae)
- Bythiospeum reisalpense
- Catapyrgus sororius
- Phantom cave snail (Cochliopa texana)
- Miller's snail (Cochliopina milleri)
- Harney Basin duskysnail (Colligyrus depressus)
- Durangonella de Coahuila snail (Durangonella coahuilae)
- Crystal siltsnail (Floridobia helicogyra)
- Ichetucknee siltsnail (Floridobia mica)
- Enterprise siltsnail (Floridobia monroensis)
- Pygmy siltsnail (Floridobia parva)
- Ponderous siltsnail (Floridobia ponderosa)
- Seminole siltsnail (Floridobia vanhyningi)
- Wekiwa siltsnail (Floridobia wekiwae)
- North pine river freshwater snail (Fluvidona anodonta)
- Fonscochlea accepta
- Fonscochlea conica
- (Fontigens antroecetes)
- Graecoanatolica kocapinarica
- Hadopyrgus rawhiti
- Hauffenia sp.
- Hemistomia flexicolumella
- Hemistomia napaia
- Hydrobia djerbaensis
- Iglica kleinzellensis
- Jardinella coreena
- Jardinella corrugata
- Jardinella edgbastonensis
- Jardinella eulo
- Jardinella isolata
- Flat pebblesnail (Lepyrium showalteri)
- Nanocochlea monticola
- Nanocochlea pupoidea
- Opacuincola cervicesmadentes
- Opacuincola dulcinella
- Opacuincola eduardstraussi
- Palacanthilhiopsis vervierii
- Paludiscala de oro snail (Paludiscala caramba)
- Phrantela annamurrayae
- Phrantela conica
- Phrantela kutikina
- Mimic cavesnail (Phreatodrobia imitata)
- Potamopyrgus doci
- Pseudamnicola anteisensis
- Pseudamnicola chia
- Pseudamnicola pieperi
- Pseudamnicola pisolinus
- Amargosa springsnail (Pyrgulopsis amargosae)
- Pyrgulopsis avernalis
- Grand Wash springsnail (Pyrgulopsis bacchus)
- Kingman springsnail (Pyrgulopsis conica)
- (Pyrgulopsis diablensis)
- Gila springsnail (Pyrgulopsis gilae)
- South Sierra Nevada springsnail (Pyrgulopsis giuliani)
- Verde Rim springsnail (Pyrgulopsis glandulosa)
- (Pyrgulopsis greggi)
- Montezuma Well springsnail (Pyrgulopsis montezumensis)
- Roswell springsnail (Pyrgulopsis roswellensis)
- Sculpin snail (Stiobia nana)
- Bliss Rapids snail (Taylorconcha serpenticola)
- Trochidrobia minuta
- Trochidrobia smithi
- Victodrobia millerae
Subspecies
- (Mexipyrgus churinceanus carranzae)
- (Mexipyrgus churinceanus escobedae)
- (Mexipyrgus churinceanus lugoi)
- (Mexipyrgus churinceanus mojarralis)
- (Mexipyrgus churinceanus multilineatus)
- (Mexipyrgus churinceanus quadripaludium)
Cochliopids[]
- Heleobia galilaea
Bithyniids[]
Moitessieriids[]
Assimineids[]
- (Assiminea infirma)
- Omphalotropis costulata
Pomatiopsids[]
- Oncomelania nosophora
Amnicolids[]
- Amnicola cora
- (Amnicola stygius)
Other Littorinimorpha species[]
- Cremnoconchus conicus
- (Fluminicola modoci)
Sorbeoconcha[]
There are 55 species in the order Sorbeoconcha assessed as vulnerable.
Pleurocerids[]
- Anthony's riversnail (Athearnia anthonyi)
- Acute elimia (Elimia acuta)
- Mud elimia (Elimia alabamensis)
- Coal elimia (Elimia aterina)
- Flaxen elimia (Elimia boykiniana)
- Spindle elimia (Elimia capillaris)
- Lacy elimia (Elimia crenatella)
- Silt elimia (Elimia haysiana)
- Gladiator elimia (Elimia hydei)
- Knotty elimia (Elimia interrupta)
- Round-rib elimia (Elimia nassula)
- Caper elimia (Elimia olivula)
- Nymph elimia (Elimia porrecta)
- Spring elimia (Elimia pybasi)
- Brook elimia (Elimia strigosa)
- Elegant elimia (Elimia teres)
- Puzzle elimia (Elimia varians)
- Leptoxis ampla
- Knob mudalia (Leptoxis minor)
- Spotted rocksnail (Leptoxis picta)
- Mainstream river snail (Leptoxis praerosa)
- Smooth rocksnail (Leptoxis virgata)
- Armigerous river snail (Lithasia armigera)
- Dutton's river snail (Lithasia duttoniana)
- Muddy rocksnail (Lithasia salebrosa)
- Rugged hornsnail (Pleurocera alveare)
- Ringed hornsnail (Pleurocera annulifera)
- Spiral hornsnail (Pleurocera brumbyi)
- Shortspire hornsnail (Pleurocera curta)
- Upland hornsnail (Pleurocera showalteri)
- Telescope hornsnail (Pleurocera walkeri)
Melanopsids[]
Thiarids[]
- Melanoides truncatelliformis
- Semisulcospira decipiens
- Semisulcospira niponica
- Semisulcospira ourense
Pachychilids[]
Paludomids[]
- Cleopatra cridlandi
- Cleopatra exarata
- Reymondia tanganyicensis
- Tanganyicia michelae
Architaenioglossa[]
Species
- Acicula norrisi
- Acicula palaestinensis
- Amphicyclotulus liratus
- Amphicyclotulus perplexus
- Boucardicus albocinctus
- Boucardicus antiquus
- Boucardicus rakotoarisoni
- Boucardicus tridentatus
- Slender campeloma (Campeloma decampi)
- Cochlostoma canestrinii
- Craspedopoma lyonnetianum
- Cyathopoma randalana
- Ditropis whitei
- Hedleya macleayi
- Lanistes ciliatus
- Lanistes farleri
- Cylindrical lioplax (Lioplax cyclostomaformis)
- Opisthostoma bihamulatum
- Palaina strigata
- Platyla foliniana
- Platyla lusitanica
- Platyla maasseni
- Platyla peloponnesica
- Pomacea quinindensis
- Renea gormonti
- Renea paillona
- Suavocallia splendens
Subspecies
Lower Heterobranchia species[]
- Glacidorbis occidentalis
- Utah roundmouth snail (Valvata utahensis)
- Emerald valvata (Valvata virens)
Cycloneritimorpha[]
- Georissa laseroni
- Monterissa gowerensis
- Neritina granosa
- Theodoxus numidicus
Hygrophila[]
Species
- Rocky Mountain capshell (Acroloxus coloradensis)
- Acroloxus egirdirensis
- Bulinus mutandensis
- Newcomb's snail (Erinna newcombi)
- Gyraulus argaeicus
- Gyraulus bekaensis
- Gyraulus nedyalkovi
- Gyraulus pamphylicus
- Miratesta celebensis
- (Physa zionis)
- Cave physa (Physella spelunca)
- Utah physa (Physella utahensis)
- Wet rock physa (Physella zionis)
- Magnificent ramshorn (Planorbella magnifica)
- Lamb ramshorn (Planorbella oregonensis)
- Domed ancylid (Rhodacmea elatior)
Subspecies
Neogastropoda[]
Conids[]
- Conus allaryi
- Florida cone (Conus anabathrum)
- Conus ardisiaceus
- Conus cacao
- Conus cepasi
- Conus compressus
- Conus cuvieri
- Conus decoratus
- Conus duffyi
- Conus felitae
- Conus fontonae
- Conus guinaicus
- Conus henckesi
- Conus hennequini
- Hieroglyphic cone (Conus hieroglyphus)
- Conus immelmani
- Conus jeanmartini
- Conus julii
- Conus melvilli
- Conus rawaiensis
- Conus regonae
- Richard's cone (Conus richardbinghami)
- Conus stearnsii
- Conus tacomae
- Conus teodorae
- Conus thevenardensis
- Conus xicoi
Eupulmonata[]
Bivalvia[]
There are 49 species and two subspecies in the class Bivalvia assessed as vulnerable.
Unionida[]
There are 37 species and two subspecies in the order Unionoida assessed as vulnerable.
Margaritiferids[]
- (Margaritifera middendorffi)
Unionids[]
Species
- Dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon)
- (Elliptio roanokensis)
- Purple bankclimber (Elliptoideus sloatianus)
- Long solid mussel (Fusconaia subrotunda)
- Pink mucket (Lampsilis abrupta)
- Lampsilis dolabraeformis
- Microcondylaea bonellii
- Southern hickorynut (Obovaria jacksoniana)
- Tennessee clubshell (Pleurobema oviforme)
- Fuzzy pigtoe (Pleurobema strodeanum)
- Fat pocketbook pearly mussel (Potamilus capax)
- Depressed river mussel (Pseudanodonta complanata)
- (Toxolasma pullus)
- Unio tumidiformis
Subspecies
Hyriids[]
- Castalia martensi
- Diplodon expansus
- Diplodon pfeifferi
- Carter's freshwater mussel (Westralunio carteri)
Iridinids[]
Species
- Aspatharia divaricata
- Mutela alata
Subspecies
Mycetopodids[]
Cardiida[]
- Southern giant clam (Tridacna derasa)
- Giant clam (Tridacna gigas)
- Tevoro clam (Tridacna mbalavuana)
- Tridacna rosewateri
Arcida[]
Venerida[]
- Congeria kusceri
- Dreissena blanci
- Pisidium artifex
- (Pisidium ultramontanum)
- River orb mussel (Sphaerium rivicola)
Cephalopods[]
- Opisthoteuthis calypso
- Opisthoteuthis massyae
See also[]
- Lists of IUCN Red List vulnerable species
- List of least concern molluscs
- List of near threatened molluscs
- List of endangered molluscs
- List of critically endangered molluscs
- List of recently extinct molluscs
- List of data deficient molluscs
References[]
- ^ "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 8 September 2016.
- ^ "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
- ^ "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
Categories:
- IUCN Red List vulnerable species
- Lists of animals by conservation status
- Lists of molluscs