List of first women lawyers and judges in South America

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the first women lawyer(s) and judge(s) in South America. It includes the year in which the women were admitted to practice law (in parentheses). Also included are the first women in their country to achieve a certain distinction such as obtaining a law degree.

Argentina[]

Margarita Argúas: First female Minister of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation (1970)

Lawyers[]

General Defender and Attorney General[]

  • Stella Maris Martínez:[6][7] First female to serve as the General Defender of the Nation of Argentina (2006)
  • Alejandra Gils Carbó:[6][8] First female to serve as the Attorney General of Argentina (2012)

Judicial officers[]

Firsts in a particular region in Argentina[]

Autonomous City of Buenos Aires[]

Provinces[]

Buenos Aires[]
Catamarca[]
  • Juana Clotilde Vaccaroni de Soria (1941):[19] First female lawyer, judge and minister in the Catamarca Province, Argentina
Chaco[]
  • Maria Solimano de Farías:[20] First (female) President of the Superior Court of Justice of Chaco (1953-1955)
Chubut[]
  • Mirta Antonena:[21] First female lawyer to serve as the President of the Trelew Bar Association (2019)
Córdoba[]
  • Elisa Ferreyra Videla:[22] First female lawyer to graduate from the university of Córdoba (1929)
  • María Esther Cafure de Battistelli:[23] First female judge in Córdoba (1995)
Corrientes[]
  • Maria Severa Mohando Solimano de Farias:[24] First female lawyer and President of the Superior Court of Justice in the Corrientes Province, Argentina
Entres Rios[]
  • Miriam Gallizi:[25] First female lawyer to lead the Paraná section of the Entre Ríos Bar Association
  • Venus Caminoa:[26] First female to serve as the President of the Superior Court of Entre Ríos (1988-1989)
Formosa[]
  • María Belen López Macé:[27] First female to serve as the Head of the Federal Court of First Instance No. 2 of Formosa (2020)
Jujuy[]
Mendoza[]
  • Aida Kemelmajer de Carlucci:[29] First female to serve as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Justice of Mendoza (1983-2010)
Rio Negro[]
  • Lorena Arroyo:[30] First female appointed as the Judge of Faltas in the city of Dina Huapi (2017)
Salta[]
Santa Fe[]
  • María Angélica Gastaldi:[32] First female to serve as the President of the Supreme Court of Santa Fe, Argentina (2018)
Santiago del Estero[]
Tierra del Fuego[]
Tucuman[]
  • Claudia Beatriz Sbdar:[35] First female elected as President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Tucumán (2019)

Bolivia[]

Esilda Villa: First female lawyer in Bolivia (1929)

Brazil[]

Law Degree[]

  • Maria Coelho da Silva Sobrinha, Maria Fragoso e Delmira Secundina da Costa and Maria Augusta C. Meira Vasconcelos:[41][42] First females to obtain law degrees in Brazil (1888-1898)

Lawyers[]

Attorney General and Prosecutor General[]

Judicial officers[]

  • Auri Moura Costa:[54][55][56] First female municipal judge in Brazil (1939). She was also the first female to serve as a Judge of Law (1968).
  • and Ana Maria da Silveira:[57][58][59][60][61][62] First female judges in Brazil (1954)
  • Sônia Taciana Sanches Goulart:[63] First female to serve as a Labor judge in Brazil (1960)
  • Mary de Aguiar Silva:[64][65] First female Black judge appointed in Brazil (1962)
  • Maria Rita Soares de Andrade:[66][67] First female appointed as a federal judge in Brazil (1967). She was also the first female lawyer in Bahia, Brazil and Sergipana, Brazil.
  • Maria Thereza de Andrade Braga Haynes:[68] First female to serve as a Judge of the Justice of the Federal District and Territories (1974) and its President (1988)
  • Lydia Dias Fernandes:[69][70] First female judge to serve as a President of a Court of Justice in Brazil (Court of Justice of Pará; 1979–1981)
  • Ana Maria Goffi Flaquer Scartezzini, Anna Maria Pimentel, Lúcia Valle Figueiredo Collarile and Diva Prestes Marcondes Malerbi:[49] First females to serve as Judges of the then newly created Federal Regional Court of the Third Region of Brazil (1989). Pimentel was the first female to serve as the court's President (2003).[71]
  • Cnea Cimini Moreira de Oliveira:[72] First female to serve as a Minister of the Supreme Labor Court of Brazil (1990-1999)
  • Eliana Calmon:[73][74] First female to serve as a Minister of the Superior Court of Justice of Brazil (1999-2013)
  • Maria Elizabeth Guimarães Teixeira Rocha:[75] First female to serve as a Minister of the Superior Military Court of Brazil (2007) and well as its President (2014)
  • Nancy Andrighi:[76] First female elected as the General Corrector (Electoral General Attorney) of the Superior Electoral Court of Brazil (2011)
  • Carmen Lúcia Antunes Rocha:[77][78] First female Minister to serve as President of the Superior Electoral Court of Brazil (2012)
  • Carla Santillo:[79] First female to serve as the President of the State Audit Court of Brazil (2015)
  • Laurita Hilário Vaz:[80] First female to serve as the President of the Superior Court of Justice of Brazil (2016)
  • Cristina Peduzzi:[81] First female Minister to serve as the President of the Superior Labor Court of Brazil (2020)

Firsts in a particular region in Brazil[]

Central Western Region[]

  • Heloísa Pinto Marques:[82] First female to serve as the President of the Tribunais Regionais do Trabalho - 10th (Regional Labor Court; 1988)
  • Natalina Luiz de Lima:[83] First female lawyer in Chapadão do Sul
  • Maísa de Castro Sousa Barbosa:[84] First female appointed as the Attorney General of the State of Goiás

Northern Region[]

  • Terezinha Lavocat Galvão:[85] First female attorney in the Public Prosecutor's Office of the State of Acre
  • Eva Evangelista:[86] First female judge in the State of Acre (c. 1980s)
  • Sulamir Palmeira Monassa de Almeida:[87] First female lawyer in Amapá
  • Sueli Pini:[88] First female to serve as the President of the Amapá Court of Justice (2014)
  • Cleyce Anambé:[89] First indigenous female to graduate from the Federal University of Pará law program (2019)

Northeastern Region[]

  • Maria Aida Pinheiro:[90] First female lawyer in Alagoas
  • Nelma Torres Padilha:[90] First female judge in Alagoas (1976)
  • Fernanda Marinela:[91] First female lawyer to serve as the President of the Order of Attorneys of Brazil (OAB) Sectional Office-Alagoas (2016)
  • Maria do Socorro Chaves (1964):[92] First female lawyer in Caruaru
  • Auri Moura Costa:[54][55][56] First female judge of the Court of Justice of the State of Ceará (1968). She was also the first female to serve as President of the Regional Electoral Tribunal of Ceará (1974).
  • Helena Alves de Souza:[93] First female judge in Paraíba
  • Magui Lins Azevedo:[94] First female judge in the Pernambuco State (2002)
  • Esperança Garcia:[95] Given the symbolic title of the first female lawyer in Piauí

Northwestern Region[]

Southern Region[]

Southeastern Region[]

  • Iete Bomilcar Ribeiro de Souza Passarela:[55] First female to serve as a judge at the Guanabara State Court of Justice (1974)
  • Nilza Cozac:[108] First female to graduate with a law degree in Minas Gerais
  • Odete Sinhorini Mattar:[109] First female lawyer in Ribeirão Preto
  • Ivone Ferreira Caetano:[110] First Black female appointed as a Judge (1994) and Tribunal (2014) of the Court of Justice of the State of Rio de Janeiro
  • Lúcia Guimarães Léa Tavares:[111] First female appointed as the Attorney General of Rio de Janeiro (c. 2009)
  • Leila Maria Carrilo Cavalcante Ribeiro Mariano:[55] First female to serve as the President of the Court of Justice of the State of Rio de Janeiro (2012)
  • Letícia de Faria Sardas:[55] First female to serve as the President of the Regional Electoral Court of Rio de Janeiro (2013)
  • Maria José Saraiva:[44][45][46][47][48] First female to obtain a law degree from the Faculty of Laws of São Paulo (1902)
  • Maria Immaculada Xavier da Silveira:[46][112] First female lawyer admitted to the Order of Attorneys of Brazil in São Paulo (1932)
  • Zélia Maria Antunes Alves:[49] First female to serve as a State Judge in São Paulo (1902)
  • Anna Candida da Cunha Ferraz:[49] First female to hold the position of Attorney General of the State of São Paulo (1975-1979)
  • Luzia Galvão Lopes da Silva:[49] First female appointed as a Judge of the São Paulo State Court of Justice (1997-2003)
  • Maria Cristina Zucchi:[113] First female to serve as a member of the Special Body of the São Paulo State Court of Justice (2018)

Western Region[]

  • Shelto Lombardi de Kato:[114] First female judge in Mato Grosso (1969)
  • Maria Helena Gargaglione Póvoas: First female to take office in the Fifth Constitutional by the Bar Association of Sectional Brazil Mato Grosso, as well as serve as the first female President of the Order of Attorneys of Brazil (OAB-MT) Sectional Office-Mato Grosso

Chile[]

Colombia[]

Firsts in a particular region in Colombia[]

Region[]

Southwestern[]

Ecuador[]

  • Obdulia Luna (1928):[145] First female lawyer in Ecuador
  • Fanny León Cordero:[146] First female judge in Ecuador (1947)
  • Mariana Yépez Andrade (1971):[147][148][149][150][151] First female appointed as a prosecutor (c. 1975) in Ecuador. She is also the first female to serve as a Judge of the Superior Court of Justice in Quito (1975-1978). She is also the first female Attorney General of Ecuador (1999).
  • Mariana Yumbay:[152] First indigenous female judge in Ecuador (2012)
  • Ruth Seni Pinoargote:[153][154] First female to serve as the President of a Superior Court of Justice in Ecuador [Portoviejo, Manabí Province], as well as the first female Minister (Judge) of the Constitutional Court of Ecuador
  • María Paulina Aguirre:[155] First female judge to serve as President of the National Court of Justice of Ecuador (2018)[156]

Falkland Islands (GBR)[]

  • Rosie McIlroy:[157] First woman lawyer (non-native) to enter into private law practice in the Falkland Islands. According to various sources, her legal career also included serving as Crown Solicitor (c. 1987),[158] Senior Magistrate (c. 1989),[159][160] and Chief Magistrate (c. 1989)[161][162] in the Falkland Islands.
  • Melanie Louise Best Chilton:[163][164][165] First woman lawyer (non-native) to serve as Law Commissioner and an Attorney General of the Falkland Islands (2006-2007).
  • (United Kingdom, 1998):[165][166][167][168][169][170][171] First Falkland Islander female to become Principal Crown Counsel (2006). She later became the second female Law Commissioner in the Falkland Islands (2015).

French Guiana (FRA)[]

Guyana[]

  • Iris de Freitas Brazao (1929): Considered the first female lawyer in the Anglophone Caribbean, Brazao practiced law in Guyana when it was known as British Guiana
  • Ena Luckhoo:[174] First Indian female lawyer in Guyana
  • Désirée Bernard (1964):[175][176][177] First female judge in Guyana (upon her appointment as a Judge of the High Court of Guyana in 1980). She is also the first female appointed as a Justice of Appeal in the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Guyana (1992), Chief Justice (1996), Chancellor of the Judiciary of Guyana and the Caribbean (2001) and Judge of the Caribbean Court of Justice (2005).

Paraguay[]

Peru[]

Trinidad María Enríquez: First female to earn a law degree in Peru (1907)

Firsts in a particular region in Peru[]

Provinces[]

  • Matilde Pérez Palacio (1941):[200] First female lawyer to graduate from the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
  • Miguelina Aurora Acosta Cárdenas (1920):[201] First female lawyer to graduate from the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM)
  • Rosa del Portal Verano de Castellanos:[202] First female appointed as a Judge of the Superior Court of Justice in Lima
  • Angelica Bockos Heredia de Grillo:[203] First female appointed as President of the Superior Court of Lima (1986)

South Georgia and Sandwich Islands (GBR)[]

  • :[204] First female appointed as the Acting Attorney General (28 March 2011; 21 November 2017) and Acting Coroner (21 November 2017)
  • :[204] First female appointed as the Registrar General (7 February 2012)
  • Clare Faulds:[204] First female appointed as the Senior Magistrate and hence also Coroner (on 3 November 2014), also of the Falkland Islands and British Antarctic Territory

Suriname[]

Uruguay[]

Venezuela[]

KEY

See also[]

References[]

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