List of mammals of Colombia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Colombia. Of the mammals in Colombia, four are critically endangered, eight are endangered, twenty-seven are vulnerable, and six are near threatened. One of the species listed for Colombia is considered to be extinct.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

LR/cd Lower risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt Lower risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc Lower risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.

Subclass: Theria[]

Infraclass: Metatheria[]

Order: Didelphimorphia (common opossums)[]

Common opossum

Didelphimorphia is the order of common opossums of the Western Hemisphere. Opossums probably diverged from the basic South American marsupials in the late Cretaceous or early Paleocene. They are small to medium-sized marsupials, about the size of a large house cat, with a long snout and prehensile tail.

  • Family: Didelphidae (American opossums)
    • Subfamily: Caluromyinae
      • Genus: Caluromys
    • Subfamily: Didelphinae
      • Genus: Chironectes
        • Water opossum, Chironectes minimus LR/nt
      • Genus: Didelphis
        • White-eared opossum, Didelphis albiventris LR/lc
        • Common opossum, Didelphis marsupialis LR/lc
      • Genus: Gracilinanus
        • Wood sprite gracile opossum, Gracilinanus dryas VU
        • Long-tailed gracile mouse opossum, Gracilinanus longicaudus DD
        • Northern gracile opossum, Gracilinanus marica LR/nt
        • Columbian gracile mouse opossum, Gracilinanus perijae DD
      • Genus: Lutreolina
      • Genus: Marmosa
        • Alston's mouse opossum, Marmosa alstoni LR/nt
        • White-bellied woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa constantiae LR/nt
        • Woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa demerarae LR/lc
        • Rufous mouse opossum, Marmosa lepida LR/nt
        • Linnaeus's mouse opossum, Marmosa murina LR/lc
        • Bare-tailed woolly mouse opossum, Marmosa regina LR/lc
        • Robinson's mouse opossum, Marmosa robinsoni LR/lc
        • Guajira mouse opossum, Marmosa xerophila EN
      • Genus: Marmosops
      • Genus: Metachirus
        • Brown four-eyed opossum, Metachirus nudicaudatus LR/lc
      • Genus: Monodelphis
        • Sepia short-tailed opossum, Monodelphis adusta LR/lc
      • Genus: Philander

Order: Paucituberculata (shrew opossums)[]

Dusky caenolestid

There are six extant species of shrew opossum. They are small shrew-like marsupials confined to the Andes.

Infraclass: Eutheria[]

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)[]

West Indian manatees

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

  • Family: Trichechidae
    • Genus: Trichechus
      • Amazonian manatee, T. inunguis VU
      • West Indian manatee, T. manatus VU

Order: Cingulata (armadillos)[]

Nine-banded armadillo

The armadillos are small mammals with a bony armored shell. They are native to the Americas. There are around 20 extant species.

  • Family: Dasypodidae (armadillos)
    • Subfamily: Dasypodinae
      • Genus: Dasypus
        • Greater long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus kappleri LC
        • Nine-banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus LC
        • Llanos long-nosed armadillo, Dasypus sabanicola LC
    • Subfamily: Tolypeutinae
      • Genus: Cabassous
        • Northern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous centralis DD
        • Southern naked-tailed armadillo, Cabassous unicinctus LC
      • Genus: Priodontes
        • Giant armadillo, Priodontes maximus VU

Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)[]

Pale-throated three-toed sloth
Hoffmann's two-toed sloth

The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas.

  • Suborder: Folivora
    • Family: Bradypodidae (three-toed sloths)
      • Genus: Bradypus
        • Pale-throated three-toed sloth, Bradypus tridactylus LC
        • Brown-throated three-toed sloth, Bradypus variegatus LC
    • Family: Choloepodidae (two-toed sloths)
  • Suborder: Vermilingua
    • Family: Cyclopedidae
      • Genus: Cyclopes
        • Silky anteater, C. didactylus LC
        • , C. dorsalis NE
    • Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters)
      • Genus: Myrmecophaga
        • Giant anteater, Myrmecophaga tridactyla NT
      • Genus: Tamandua
        • Northern tamandua, Tamandua mexicana LC
        • Southern tamandua, Tamandua tetradactyla LC

Order: Primates[]

See also: Primates of Colombia
Black-mantled tamarin
Three-striped night monkey
Bald uakari
Venezuelan red howler

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)[]

Guinea pig
Black agouti

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

  • Suborder: Hystricognathi
    • Family: Erethizontidae (New World porcupines)
      • Subfamily: Erethizontinae
        • Genus: Coendou
          • Bicolor-spined porcupine, Coendou bicolor LR/lc
          • Brazilian porcupine, Coendou prehensilis LR/lc
          • Stump-tailed porcupine, Coendou rufescens LR/lc
          • Brown hairy dwarf porcupine, Coendou vestitus VU
    • Family: Dinomyidae (pacarana)
      • Genus: Dinomys
        • Pacarana, Dinomys branickii EN
    • Family: Caviidae (guinea pigs)
      • Subfamily: Caviinae
        • Genus: Cavia
          • Brazilian guinea pig, Cavia aperea LR/lc
      • Subfamily: Hydrochoerinae (capybaras and rock cavies)
        • Genus: Hydrochoerus
          • Capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris LR/lc
    • Family: Dasyproctidae (agoutis and pacas)
      • Genus: Dasyprocta
        • Black agouti, Dasyprocta fuliginosa LR/lc
        • Central American agouti, Dasyprocta punctata LR/lc
      • Genus: Myoprocta
        • Red acouchi, Myoprocta acouchy LR/lc
    • Family: Cuniculidae
      • Genus: Cuniculus
        • Lowland paca, Cuniculus paca LC
        • Mountain paca, Cuniculus taczanowskii LR/nt
    • Family: Echimyidae
      • Subfamily: Dactylomyinae
        • Genus: Dactylomys
          • Amazon bamboo rat, Dactylomys dactylinus LR/lc
        • Genus: Olallamys
          • White-tailed olalla rat, Olallamys albicauda LR/nt
          • Greedy olalla rat, Olallamys edax LR/nt
      • Subfamily: Echimyinae
        • Genus: Diplomys
          • Colombian soft-furred spiny rat, Diplomys caniceps LR/nt
          • Rufous soft-furred spiny-rat, Diplomys labilis LR/lc
        • Genus: Santamartamys
        • Genus: Echimys
          • Speckled spiny tree-rat, Echimys semivillosus LR/lc
        • Genus: Isothrix
          • Yellow-crowned brush-tailed rat, Isothrix bistriata LR/nt
      • Subfamily: Eumysopinae
        • Genus: Hoplomys
          • Armored rat, Hoplomys gymnurus LR/lc
        • Genus: Mesomys
        • Genus: Proechimys
          • Short-tailed spiny rat, Proechimys brevicauda LR/lc
          • Colombian spiny rat, Proechimys canicollis LR/lc
          • Guyenne spiny rat, Proechimys guyannensis LR/lc
          • Boyaca spiny rat, Proechimys chrysaeolus LR/lc
          • Magdalena spiny rat, Proechimys magdalenae LR/lc
          • Minca spiny rat, Proechimys mincae LR/lc
          • O'Connell's spiny rat, Proechimys oconnelli LR/lc
          • Gray-footed spiny rat, Proechimys poliopus LR/lc
          • Napo spiny rat, Proechimys quadruplicatus LR/lc
          • Tome's spiny rat, Proechimys semispinosus LR/lc
          • Simon's spiny rat, Proechimys simonsi LR/lc
  • Suborder: Sciurognathi
    • Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
      • Subfamily: Sciurinae
        • Tribe: Sciurini
          • Genus: Microsciurus
          • Genus: Sciurus
            • Red-tailed squirrel, Sciurus granatensis LR/lc
            • Northern Amazon red squirrel, Sciurus igniventris LR/lc
            • Andean squirrel, Sciurus pucheranii LR/lc
            • Southern Amazon red squirrel, Sciurus spadiceus LR/lc
    • Family: Geomyidae
    • Family: Heteromyidae
      • Subfamily: Heteromyinae
        • Genus: Heteromys
          • Trinidad spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys anomalus LR/lc
          • Southern spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys australis LR/lc
          • Desmarest's spiny pocket mouse, Heteromys desmarestianus LR/lc
    • Family: Cricetidae
      • Subfamily: Tylomyinae
        • Genus: Tylomys
          • Mira climbing rat, Tylomys mirae LR/lc
      • Subfamily: Neotominae
        • Genus: Reithrodontomys
          • Mexican harvest mouse, Reithrodontomys mexicanus LR/lc
      • Subfamily: Sigmodontinae
        • Genus: Aepeomys
          • Dusky montane mouse, Aepeomys fuscatus LR/lc
        • Genus: Akodon
          • Colombian grass mouse, Akodon affinis LR/lc
          • Bogotá grass mouse, Akodon bogotensis LR/lc
          • Northern grass mouse, Akodon urichi LR/lc
        • Genus: Calomys
        • Genus: Chibchanomys
        • Genus: Chilomys
          • Colombian forest mouse, Chilomys instans LR/lc
        • Genus: Holochilus
          • Amazonian marsh rat, Holochilus sciureus LR/lc
        • Genus: Ichthyomys
          • Crab-eating rat, Ichthyomys hydrobates LR/nt
        • Genus: Melanomys
          • Dusky rice rat, Melanomys caliginosus LR/lc
        • Genus: Microryzomys
          • Highland small rice rat, Microryzomys altissimus LR/lc
          • Forest small rice rat, Microryzomys minutus LR/lc
        • Genus: Neacomys
          • Common bristly mouse, Neacomys spinosus LR/lc
          • Narrow-footed bristly mouse, Neacomys tenuipes LR/lc
        • Genus: Nectomys
          • Scaly-footed water rat, Nectomys squamipes LR/lc
        • Genus: Neusticomys
          • Montane fish-eating rat, Neusticomys monticolus LR/lc
        • Genus: Oecomys
          • Bicolored arboreal rice rat, Oecomys bicolor LR/lc
          • Unicolored arboreal rice rat, Oecomys concolor LR/lc
          • Yellow arboreal rice rat, Oecomys flavicans LR/lc
          • Savanna arboreal rice rat, Oecomys speciosus LR/lc
          • Trinidad arboreal rice rat, Oecomys trinitatis LR/lc
        • Genus: Oligoryzomys
          • Destructive pygmy rice rat, Oligoryzomys destructor DD
          • Fulvous pygmy rice rat, Oligoryzomys fulvescens LR/lc
          • Grayish pygmy rice rat, Oligoryzomys griseolus LR/lc
        • Genus: Oryzomys
        • Genus: Rhipidomys
          • Cauca climbing mouse, Rhipidomys caucensis LR/nt
          • Coues's climbing mouse, Rhipidomys couesi LR/lc
          • Buff-bellied climbing mouse, Rhipidomys fulviventer LR/lc
          • Broad-footed climbing mouse, Rhipidomys latimanus LR/lc
          • Atlantic Forest climbing mouse, Rhipidomys mastacalis LR/lc
          • Venezuelan climbing mouse, Rhipidomys venezuelae LR/lc
        • Genus: Sigmodon
        • Genus: Sigmodontomys
        • Genus: Thomasomys
          • Golden Oldfield mouse, Thomasomys aureus LR/lc
          • Silky Oldfield mouse, Thomasomys bombycinus LR/lc
          • Ashy-bellied Oldfield mouse, Thomasomys cinereiventer LR/lc
          • Woodland Oldfield mouse, Thomasomys hylophilus LR/lc
          • Soft-furred Oldfield mouse, Thomasomys laniger LR/lc
          • Unicolored Oldfield mouse, Thomasomys monochromos LR/nt
          • Snow-footed Oldfield mouse, Thomasomys niveipes LR/lc
        • Genus: Zygodontomys
          • Short-tailed cane rat, Zygodontomys brevicauda LR/lc
          • Brown cane mouse, Zygodontomys brunneus LR/lc

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)[]

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

  • Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
    • Genus: Sylvilagus
      • Andean tapetí, Sylvilagus andinus DD
      • , Sylvilagus apollinaris NE
      • Common tapetí, Sylvilagus brasiliensis EN
      • Eastern cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus LR/lc
      • , Sylvilagus fulvescens NE
      • , Sylvilagus nicefori NE
      • , Sylvilagus salentus NE
      • , Sylvilagus sanctaemartae DD

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, moles, and solenodons)[]

Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

  • Family: Soricidae (shrews)
    • Subfamily: Soricinae
      • Tribe:
        • Genus: Cryptotis
          • Andean small-eared shrew, Cryptotis avia LR/lc
          • Scaly-footed small-eared shrew, Cryptotis squamipes LR/lc
          • Thomas' small-eared shrew, Cryptotis thomasi LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)[]

Western mastiff bat
Tomes's sword-nosed bat
Pale spear-nosed bat

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

  • Family: Noctilionidae
    • Genus: Noctilio
      • Lesser bulldog bat, Noctilio albiventris LR/lc
      • Greater bulldog bat, Noctilio leporinus LR/lc
  • Family: Vespertilionidae
    • Subfamily: Myotinae
      • Genus: Myotis
        • Silver-tipped myotis, Myotis albescens LR/lc
        • Hairy-legged myotis, Myotis keaysi LR/lc
        • Curacao myotis, Myotis nesopolus LR/nt
        • Black myotis, Myotis nigricans LR/lc
        • Montane myotis, Myotis oxyotus LR/lc
        • Riparian myotis, Myotis riparius LR/lc
        • Velvety myotis, Myotis simus LR/lc
    • Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
      • Genus: Eptesicus
        • Little black serotine, Eptesicus andinus LR/lc
        • Brazilian brown bat, Eptesicus brasiliensis LR/lc
        • Argentine brown bat, Eptesicus furinalis LR/lc
        • Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus LR/lc
      • Genus: Histiotus
        • Small big-eared brown bat, Histiotus montanus LR/lc
      • Genus: Lasiurus
        • Desert red bat, Lasiurus blossevillii LR/lc
        • Tacarcuna bat, Lasiurus castaneus VU
        • Hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus LR/lc
        • Southern yellow bat, Lasiurus ega LR/lc
        • Big red bat, Lasiurus egregius LR/nt
      • Genus: Rhogeessa
        • Tiny yellow bat, Rhogeessa minutilla LR/nt
  • Family: Molossidae
    • Genus: Cynomops
    • Genus: Eumops
      • Black bonneted bat, Eumops auripendulus LR/lc
      • Dwarf bonneted bat, Eumops bonariensis LR/lc
      • Big bonneted bat, Eumops dabbenei LR/lc
      • Wagner's bonneted bat, Eumops glaucinus LR/lc
      • Sanborn's bonneted bat, Eumops hansae LR/lc
      • Western mastiff bat, Eumops perotis LR/lc
    • Genus: Molossops
      • Mato Grosso dog-faced bat, Molossops mattogrossensis LR/nt
      • Dwarf dog-faced bat, Molossops temminckii LR/lc
    • Genus: Molossus
      • Black mastiff bat, Molossus ater LR/lc
      • Bonda mastiff bat, Molossus bondae LR/lc
      • Velvety free-tailed bat, Molossus molossus LR/lc
      • Miller's mastiff bat, Molossus pretiosus LR/lc
      • Sinaloan mastiff bat, Molossus sinaloae LR/lc
    • Genus: Nyctinomops
      • Peale's free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops aurispinosus LR/lc
      • Broad-eared bat, Nyctinomops laticaudatus LR/lc
      • Big free-tailed bat, Nyctinomops macrotis LR/lc
    • Genus: Promops
      • Big crested mastiff bat, Promops centralis LR/lc
    • Genus: Tadarida
      • Mexican free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis LR/nt
  • Family: Emballonuridae
    • Genus: Balantiopteryx
      • Ecuadorian sac-winged bat, Balantiopteryx infusca EN
    • Genus: Centronycteris
      • Shaggy bat, Centronycteris maximiliani LR/lc
    • Genus: Cormura
    • Genus: Cyttarops
      • Short-eared bat, Cyttarops alecto LR/nt
    • Genus: Diclidurus
    • Genus: Peropteryx
      • Greater dog-like bat, Peropteryx kappleri LR/lc
      • White-winged dog-like bat, Peropteryx leucoptera LR/lc
      • Lesser doglike bat, Peropteryx macrotis LR/lc
    • Genus: Rhynchonycteris
      • Proboscis bat, Rhynchonycteris naso LR/lc
    • Genus: Saccopteryx
      • Greater sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx bilineata LR/lc
      • Frosted sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx canescens LR/lc
      • Lesser sac-winged bat, Saccopteryx leptura LR/lc
  • Family: Mormoopidae
  • Family: Phyllostomidae
    • Subfamily: Phyllostominae
      • Genus: Chrotopterus
        • Big-eared woolly bat, Chrotopterus auritus LR/lc
      • Genus: Glyphonycteris
        • Davies's big-eared bat, Glyphonycteris daviesi LR/nt
        • Tricolored big-eared bat, Glyphonycteris sylvestris LR/nt
      • Genus: Lampronycteris
        • Yellow-throated big-eared bat, Lampronycteris brachyotis LR/lc
      • Genus: Lonchorhina
      • Genus: Lophostoma
        • Pygmy round-eared bat, Lophostoma brasiliense LR/lc
        • Carriker's round-eared bat, Lophostoma carrikeri VU
        • White-throated round-eared bat, Lophostoma silvicolum LR/lc
      • Genus: Macrophyllum
        • Long-legged bat, Macrophyllum macrophyllum LR/lc
      • Genus: Micronycteris
        • Hairy big-eared bat, Micronycteris hirsuta LR/lc
        • Little big-eared bat, Micronycteris megalotis LR/lc
        • White-bellied big-eared bat, Micronycteris minuta LR/lc
        • Schmidts's big-eared bat, Micronycteris schmidtorum LR/lc
      • Genus: Mimon
        • Striped hairy-nosed bat, Mimon crenulatum LR/lc
      • Genus: Neonycteris
        • Least big-eared bat, Neonycteris pusilla VU
      • Genus: Phylloderma
        • Pale-faced bat, Phylloderma stenops LR/lc
      • Genus: Phyllostomus
        • Pale spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus discolor LR/lc
        • Lesser spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus elongatus LR/lc
        • Greater spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus hastatus LR/lc
        • Guianan spear-nosed bat, Phyllostomus latifolius LR/nt
      • Genus: Tonatia
        • Stripe-headed round-eared bat, Tonatia saurophila LR/lc
      • Genus: Trachops
        • Fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus LR/lc
      • Genus: Trinycteris
      • Genus: Vampyrum
        • Spectral bat, Vampyrum spectrum LR/nt
    • Subfamily:
    • Subfamily: Glossophaginae
    • Subfamily: Carolliinae
    • Subfamily: Stenodermatinae
      • Genus: Artibeus
        • Large fruit-eating bat, Artibeus amplus LR/nt
        • Andersen's fruit-eating bat, Artibeus anderseni LR/lc
        • Brown fruit-eating bat, Artibeus concolor LR/nt
        • Silver fruit-eating bat, Artibeus glaucus LR/lc
        • Jamaican fruit bat, Artibeus jamaicensis LR/lc
        • Great fruit-eating bat, Artibeus lituratus LR/lc
        • Dark fruit-eating bat, Artibeus obscurus LR/nt
        • Pygmy fruit-eating bat, Artibeus phaeotis LR/lc
        • Flat-faced fruit-eating bat, Artibeus planirostris LR/lc
        • Toltec fruit-eating bat, Artibeus toltecus LR/lc
      • Genus: Centurio
        • Wrinkle-faced bat, Centurio senex LR/lc
      • Genus: Chiroderma
        • Salvin's big-eyed bat, Chiroderma salvini LR/lc
        • Little big-eyed bat, Chiroderma trinitatum LR/lc
        • Hairy big-eyed bat, Chiroderma villosum LR/lc
      • Genus: Ectophylla
        • Honduran white bat, Ectophylla alba LR/nt
      • Genus: Enchisthenes
        • Velvety fruit-eating bat, Enchisthenes hartii LR/lc
      • Genus: Mesophylla
      • Genus: Sphaeronycteris
        • Visored bat, Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum LR/lc
      • Genus: Sturnira
        • Aratathomas's yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira aratathomasi LR/nt
        • Bidentate yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira bidens LR/nt
        • Bogota yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira bogotensis LR/lc
        • Hairy yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira erythromos LR/lc
        • Little yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira lilium LR/lc
        • Highland yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira ludovici LR/lc
        • Louis's yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira luisi LR/lc
        • Greater yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira magna LR/nt
        • Talamancan yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira mordax LR/nt
        • Tilda's yellow-shouldered bat, Sturnira tildae LR/lc
      • Genus: Uroderma
        • Tent-making bat, Uroderma bilobatum LR/lc
        • Brown tent-making bat, Uroderma magnirostrum LR/lc
      • Genus: Vampyressa
      • Genus: Vampyrodes
        • Great stripe-faced bat, Vampyrodes caraccioli LR/lc
      • Genus: Platyrrhinus
        • Eldorado broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus aurarius LR/nt
        • Short-headed broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus brachycephalus LR/lc
        • Choco broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus chocoensis VU
        • Thomas's broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus dorsalis LR/lc
        • Heller's broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus helleri LR/lc
        • Buffy broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus infuscus LR/nt
        • White-lined broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus lineatus LR/lc
        • Shadowy broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus umbratus LR/nt
        • Greater broad-nosed bat, Platyrrhinus vittatus LR/lc
    • Subfamily: Desmodontinae
      • Genus: Desmodus
        • Common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus LR/lc
      • Genus: Diaemus
        • White-winged vampire bat, Diaemus youngi LR/lc
      • Genus: Diphylla
        • Hairy-legged vampire bat, Diphylla ecaudata LR/nt
  • Family: Natalidae
  • Family: Furipteridae
    • Genus: Furipterus
      • Thumbless bat, Furipterus horrens LR/lc
  • Family: Thyropteridae

Order: Cetacea (whales)[]

Spinner dolphins

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

  • Suborder: Mysticeti
    • Family: Balaenopteridae (baleen whales)
      • Genus: Balaenoptera
        • Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata
        • Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis
        • Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera brydei
        • Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus
      • Genus: Megaptera
        • Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae
  • Suborder: Odontoceti
    • Superfamily: Platanistoidea
      • Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
        • Genus: Delphinus
          • Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis DD
        • Genus: Feresa
          • Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
        • Genus: Globicephala
          • Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhyncus DD
        • Genus: Lagenodelphis
        • Genus: Grampus
        • Genus: Orcinus
          • Killer whale, Orcinus orca DD
        • Genus: Peponocephala
          • Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra DD
        • Genus: Pseudorca
          • False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens DD
        • Genus: Sotalia
          • Guiana dolphin, Sotalia guianensis DD
          • Tucuxi, Sotalia fluviatilis DD
          • Amazon river dolphin, Sotalia geoffrensis DD
        • Genus: Stenella
          • Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata DD
          • Clymene dolphin, Stenella clymene DD
          • Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba DD
          • Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis DD
          • Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris DD
        • Genus: Steno
          • Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD
        • Genus: Tursiops
          • Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus
      • Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
        • Genus: Physeter
          • Sperm whale, Physeter catodon DD
      • Family: Kogiidae (dwarf sperm whales)
        • Genus: Kogia
          • Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps DD
          • Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima DD
    • Superfamily Ziphioidea
      • Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales)
        • Genus: Mesoplodon
          • Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus DD
          • Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD
          • Pygmy beaked whale, Mesoplodon peruvianus DD
        • Genus: Ziphius

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)[]

Jaguarundi
Spectacled bear
White-nosed coati
Long-tailed weasel
Caribbean monk seal

There are over 260 species of carnivores, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

  • Suborder: Feliformia
    • Family: Felidae (cats)
      • Subfamily: Felinae
        • Genus: Herpailurus
          • Jaguarundi, H. yagouaroundi LC[2]
        • Genus: Leopardus
          • Pampas cat L. colocola NT[3] presence uncertain
          • Ocelot L. pardalis LC[4]
          • Oncilla L. tigrinus VU[5]
          • Southern tigrina L. guttulus VU[6]
          • Margay L. wiedii NT[7]
        • Genus: Puma
          • Cougar, P. concolor LC[8]
      • Subfamily: Pantherinae
        • Genus: Panthera
          • Jaguar, P. onca NT[9]
  • Suborder: Caniformia
    • Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
      • Genus: Atelocynus
        • Short-eared dog, Atelocynus microtis NT
      • Genus: Cerdocyon
        • Crab-eating fox, Cerdocyon thous LC
      • Genus: Lycalopex
        • Culpeo, Lycalopex culpaeus LC
      • Genus: Speothos
        • Bush dog, Speothos venaticus VU
      • Genus: Urocyon
        • Gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus LC
    • Family: Ursidae (bears)
      • Genus: Tremarctos
        • Spectacled bear, Tremarctos ornatus VU
    • Family: Procyonidae (raccoons)
      • Genus: Bassaricyon
        • Eastern lowland olingo, Bassaricyon alleni
        • Western lowland olingo, Bassaricyon medius LC
        • Olinguito, Bassaricyon neblina NT
      • Genus: Nasua
        • White-nosed coati, Nasua narica LC
        • South American coati, Nasua nasua LC
      • Genus: Nasuella
        • Mountain coati, Nasuella olivacea NT
      • Genus: Potos
        • Kinkajou, Potos flavus LC
      • Genus: Procyon
        • Crab-eating raccoon, Procyon cancrivorusLC
    • Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
      • Genus: Eira
        • Tayra, Eira barbara LC
      • Genus: Galictis
        • Greater grison, Galictis vittata LC
      • Genus: Lontra
        • Neotropical river otter, Lontra longicaudis NT
      • Genus: Neogale
        • Amazon weasel, N. africana LC
        • Colombian weasel, N. felipei VU
        • Long-tailed weasel, N. frenata LC
      • Genus: Pteronura
    • Family: Mephitidae
      • Genus: Conepatus
        • Striped hog-nosed skunk, Conepatus semistriatus
    • Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
      • Genus: Neomonachus
        • Caribbean monk seal, Neomonachus tropicalis EX
    • Family: Otariidae

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)[]

Brazilian tapir

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

  • Family: Tapiridae (tapirs)
    • Genus: Tapirus
      • Baird's tapir, Tapirus bairdii EN
      • Mountain tapir, Tapirus pinchaque EN
      • Brazilian tapir, Tapirus terrestris VU

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)[]

Collared peccary
Red brocket

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

  • Family: Cervidae (deer)
  • Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamus)
    • Genus: Hippopotamus
      • Hippopotamus, Hippopotamus amphibius VU introduced
  • Family: Tayassuidae (peccaries)
    • Genus: Dicotyles
      • Collared peccary, Dicotyles tajacu LC
    • Genus: Tayassu
      • White-lipped peccary, Tayassu pecari NT

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
  2. ^ Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T. & Carvajal, S.V. (2015). "Herpailurus yagouaroundi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T9948A50653167.
  3. ^ Lucherini, M.; Eizirik, E.; de Oliveira, T.; Pereira, J.; Williams, R.S.R. (2016). "Leopardus colocolo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15309A97204446.
  4. ^ Paviolo, A.; Crawshaw, P.; Caso, A.; de Oliveira, T.; Lopez-Gonzalez, C.A.; Kelly, M.; De Angelo, C. & Payan, E. (2015). "Leopardus pardalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T11509A97212355.
  5. ^ Payan, E. & de Oliveira, T. (2016). "Leopardus tigrinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T54012637A50653881.
  6. ^ de Oliveira, T.; Trigo, T.; Tortato, M.; Paviolo, A.; Bianchi, R. & Leite-Pitman, M. R. P. (2016). "Leopardus guttulus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T54010476A54010576.
  7. ^ de Oliveira, T.; Paviolo, A.; Schipper, J.; Bianchi, R.; Payan, E. & Carvajal, S.V. (2015). "Leopardus wiedii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T11511A50654216.
  8. ^ Nielsen, C.; Thompson, D.; Kelly, M. & Lopez-Gonzalez, C. A. (2015). "Puma concolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T18868A97216466.
  9. ^ Quigley, H.; Foster, R.; Petracca, L.; Payan, E.; Salom, R. & Harmsen, B. (2017). "Panthera onca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T15953A123791436.

External links[]

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