List of mammals of Laos

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Laos. There are 178 mammal species in Laos, of which four are critically endangered, eight are endangered, twenty-three are vulnerable, and two are near threatened. One species has been described since the last IUCN assessment.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)[]

Asian elephant

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

  • Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
    • Genus: Elephas
      • Asian elephant, E. maximus EN[2]

Order: Scandentia (treeshrews)[]

The treeshrews are small mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. Although called treeshrews, they are not true shrews and are not all arboreal.

  • Family: Tupaiidae (tree shrews)
    • Genus: Tupaia
      • Northern treeshrew, T. belangeri LC[3]

Order: Primates[]

Francois' langur
Female northern white-cheeked gibbon

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)[]

Laotian rock rat
Pauline's limestone rat
Polynesian rat

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)[]

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)[]

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

  • Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
    • Subfamily: Galericinae
      • Genus: Hylomys
        • Short-tailed gymnure, H. suillus LC

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)[]

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)[]

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)[]

Sunda pangolin

The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

  • Family: Manidae
    • Genus: Manis
      • Sunda pangolin, M. javanica CR[18]
      • Chinese pangolin, M. pentadactyla CR[19]

Order: Cetacea (whales)[]

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

  • Suborder: Odontoceti
    • Superfamily: Platanistoidea
      • Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)[]

Marbled cat
Indochinese leopard

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

  • Suborder: Feliformia
  • Suborder: Caniformia
    • Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
      • Genus: Cuon
        • Dhole, C. alpinus EN[38]
    • Family: Ursidae (bears)
      • Genus: Helarctos
        • Sun bear, Helarctos malayanus VU[39]
      • Genus: Ursus
        • Asiatic black bear, U. thibetanus VU[40]
    • Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
      • Genus: Aonyx
        • Asian small-clawed otter, A. cinereus VU[41]
      • Genus: Arctonyx
        • Greater hog badger, A. collaris VU[42]
      • Genus: Lutra
        • Eurasian otter, L. lutra NT[43]
        • Hairy-nosed otter, L. sumatrana EN presence uncertain[44]
      • Genus: Lutrogale
        • Smooth-coated otter, L. perspicillata VU[45]
      • Genus: Martes
        • Yellow-throated marten, M. flavigula LC[46]
      • Genus: Melogale
        • Chinese ferret badger, M. moschata LC[47]
        • Burmese ferret badger, M. personata LC[48]
      • Genus: Mustela

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)[]

Eld's deer
Indian muntjac
Banteng

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

  • Family: Tragulidae
    • Genus: Tragulus
      • Lesser mouse deer, Tragulus javanicus
  • Family: Moschidae
  • Family: Cervidae (deer)
  • Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
    • Subfamily: Bovinae
      • Genus: Bos
        • Gaur, B. gaurus VU[55]
        • Banteng, B. javanicus EN[56]
        • Kouprey, Bos sauveli CR, possibly EX
      • Genus: Pseudoryx
        • Saola, P. nghetinhensis CR
    • Subfamily: Caprinae
      • Genus: Capricornis
        • Mainland serow, C. sumatraensis VU[57]
      • Genus: Nemorhaedus
  • Family: Suidae (pigs)
    • Subfamily: Suinae
      • Genus: Sus
        • Wild boar, S. scrofa LC[59]

Locally extinct[]

The following species are locally extinct in the country:

  • Indian hog deer, Axis porcinus possibly extirpated[60]
  • Wild water buffalo, Bubalus arnee[61]
  • Sumatran rhinoceros, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis[62]
  • Javan rhinoceros, Rhinoceros sondaicus[63]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
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