List of poisonous fungus species
This is a compendium of poisonous fungi. See also mushroom poisoning.
List of toxic mushroom species[]
There are 114 poisonous fungus species listed below.
Scientific name | Common name | Active agent | Distribution | Similar edible species | Picture |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agaricus californicus | California Agaricus | phenol and | North America | Edible Agaricus species | ![]() |
Agaricus hondensis[1] | Felt-ringed Agaricus | phenol and | North America | Edible Agaricus species | ![]() |
phenol and | Europe | Edible Agaricus species | |||
Agaricus moelleri[2] | phenol and | Europe | Edible Agaricus species | ![]() | |
Agaricus phaeolepidotus | phenol and | Europe | Edible Agaricus species | ||
Agaricus placomyces | phenol and | North America and Europe | Edible Agaricus species | ![]() | |
Agaricus xanthodermus[1][3] | Yellow-staining mushroom | phenol and [4][5] | worldwide | Edible Agaricus species | ![]() |
Amanita abrupta | American abrupt-bulbed Lepidella | and [6] | North America | Edible Agaricus species | ![]() |
Amanita aprica | Sunshine amanita | muscarine and ibotenic acid[7] (maybe not muscarine but muscimol) | North America | ![]() | |
Boudier's lepidella | A. smithiana toxin[6] | Europe | Edible Agaricus species
Amanita vittadinii |
![]() | |
Amanita citrina | bufotenin[8] | ![]() | |||
Amanita cokeri | Coker's amanita | and [9] | North America | Amanita vittadinii
Edible Agaricus species |
![]() |
Booted amanita | muscimol and ibotenic acid[10] | North America | ![]() | ||
Amanita echinocephala | European solitary amanita | A. smithiana toxin[6] | Europe, Western Asia and North Africa | Amanita vittadinii
Edible Agaricus species |
![]() |
Amanita farinosa | Powdery Amanita | unknown | North America | ![]() | |
unknown | North America | Amanita rubescens
Amanita novinupta |
|||
Amanita gemmata | Gemmed Amanita | muscimol and ibotenic acid[11] | Europe, North Africa, Asia and North America | ![]() | |
unknown (probably muscimol and ibotenic acid) | Europe and North Africa | ![]() | |||
A. smithiana toxin[6] | Europe | ||||
Eucalyptus fly agaric | unknown (probably muscimol and ibotenic acid) | Europe and North Africa | Amanita caesarea | ||
Hongo's Amanita | unknown | Japan | |||
Japanese ringed-bulbed Amanita | muscimol and ibotenic acid[12] | Japan | |||
Amanita muscaria | Fly agaric | muscimol and ibotenic acid[10] | worldwide | Amanita caesarea | ![]() |
East Asian egg amidella | [6] | East Asia | Amanita ovoidea | ![]() | |
Amanita pantherina | Panther cap | muscimol and ibotenic acid[10] | Europe, North Africa, Eastern Asia
(a similar American species exist but is not published yet)[7] |
Amanita rubescens | ![]() |
Amanita porphyria | Grey veiled Amanita | unknown (probably bufotenin) | North America and Europe | ![]() | |
Amanita pseudoporphyria | Hongo's false death cap | [6] | Asia | ![]() | |
False royal fly agaric | unknown (probably muscimol and ibotenic acid) | Europe | Amanita rubescens | ||
False blusher | unknown | Europe | Amanita rubescens | ||
Amanita regalis | Royal fly agaric | muscimol and ibotenic acid[13] | Europe and Alaska | Amanita rubescens | ![]() |
Amanita smithiana | Smith's Amanita | A. smithiana toxin and 2-amino-4,5-hexadienoic acid[6] | North America | ![]() | |
Ampulloclitocybe clavipes | Club-footed clitocybe | unknown | North America and Europe | Infundibulicybe geotropa | ![]() |
Chlorophyllum molybdites | Green-spored parasol | unknown | worldwide (very rare in Europe) | Chlorophyllum rhacodes
|
![]() |
muscarine[14] | Europe | Clitopilus prunulus | |||
Clitocybe dealbata | muscarine[14][15] | Europe | Clitopilus prunulus | ||
coprine | Europe | ||||
Coprinopsis atramentaria | Common ink cap | coprine[16] | North America, Europe, Asia and Australia | ||
Scaly ink cap | coprine | Europe | ![]() | ||
unknown | Europe | ||||
Cortinarius callisteus | unknown | Europe | Cantharellus spp. | ||
unknown | Europe | Laccaria laccata | ![]() | ||
unknown | Europe | Cantharellus tubaeformis
Cantharellus lutescens |
|||
unknown | Europe | Cantharellus tubaeformis
Cantharellus lutescens |
![]() | ||
Cortinarius cinnamomeus | unknown | North America and Europe | Cantharellus tubaeformis
Cantharellus lutescens |
![]() | |
unknown | Europe | ||||
Cortinarius gentilis | unknown | Europe | Cantharellus spp. | ![]() | |
unknown | North America and Europe | Cantharellus spp. | ![]() | ||
unknown | Europe | Cantharellus tubaeformis
Cantharellus lutescens |
![]() | ||
unknown | Europe | ![]() | |||
unknown | Europe | Cantharellus tubaeformis
Cantharellus lutescens |
|||
unknown | Europe | ||||
unknown | North America and Europe | Cantharellus spp. | ![]() | ||
Cortinarius smithii | Smith's Cortinarius | unknown | North America | ![]() | |
gyromitrin and monomethylhydrazine[17] | North America, Europe and Asia | Morchella spp.
Cantharellus spp. |
![]() | ||
Pig's ears | gyromitrin and monomethylhydrazine[17] | North America and Europe | Disciotis venosa | ![]() | |
Echinoderma asperum | Freckled dapperling | unknown | North America Europe, Asia and Oceania | Macrolepiota procera
Chlorophyllum rhacodes |
![]() |
unknown | Europe | Macrolepiota procera
Chlorophyllum rhacodes |
|||
Entoloma albidum | unknown | North America | Calocybe gambosa
|
||
Entoloma rhodopolium | Wood pinkgill | unknown | Europe and Asia | ![]() | |
Entoloma sinuatum | Livid Entoloma | unknown | North America, Europe and Asia | Calocybe gambosa
|
![]() |
Hebeloma crustuliniforme | Poison pie | unknown | North America, Europe and Australia | Calocybe gambosa | ![]() |
Hebeloma sinapizans | Rough-stalked hebeloma | unknown | North America and Europe | Calocybe gambosa | |
Helvella crispa | Elfin saddle | unknown | Europe | ![]() | |
Helvella dryophila | Oak-loving elfin saddle | unknown | North America | Morchella spp. | ![]() |
unknown | North America and Europe | ![]() | |||
Helvella lacunosa | Slate grey saddle | unknown | worldwide | Morchella spp. | ![]() |
Helvella vespertina | Western black elfin saddle | unknown | North America | Morchella spp. | ![]() |
Hapalopilus nidulans | Tender nesting polypore | polyporic acid[18] | worldwide (except South America) | Fistulina hepatica | ![]() |
Hypholoma fasciculare | Sulphur tuft | and [19] | worldwide | Hypholoma capnoides | ![]() |
Hypholoma lateritium | Brick cap | & [20] | North America, Europe and Asia | Hypholoma capnoides
|
![]() |
unknown | Europe | Hypholoma capnoides
|
![]() | ||
unknown | Europe | Hypholoma capnoides
|
|||
Imperator rhodopurpureus | unknown | Europe | ![]() | ||
Imperator torosus | unknown | Europe | |||
muscarine | Europe | Tricholoma columbetta | ![]() | ||
Inocybe geophylla | Earthy inocybe | muscarine[21] | North America and Europe | Clitopilus prunulus | ![]() |
Inocybe hystrix | muscarine | North, Central America and Europe | ![]() | ||
Inocybe lacera | Torn fibercap | muscarine | North America and Europe | ![]() | |
muscarine | North America | Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis | ![]() | ||
muscarine | North America, Europe | Laccaria amethysteo-occidentalis | ![]() | ||
Inocybe rimosa | muscarine[21] | Europe and Asia | Marasmius oreades | ![]() | |
muscarine | Europe | Tricholoma columbetta | |||
Lactarius torminosus | Woolly milkcap | velleral | North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa | Lactarius deliciosus | ![]() |
unknown (probably ) | Europe | Laccaria amethystina | ![]() | ||
Mycena pura | Lilac bonnet | and psilocybin[22][23] | Europe | Laccaria amethystina | |
Mycena rosea | Rosy bonnet | unknown (probably ) | Europe | Laccaria amethystina | ![]() |
Neonothopanus nambi | unknown | South America | |||
Panaeolus cinctulus | banded mottlegill | psilocybin and psilocin | North America, Europe, Africa and Australia | Marasmius oreades | ![]() |
Psilocybe semilanceata | Liberty cap | psilocybin, psilocin, and baeocystin[24] | America, Europe, Asia and Oceania | ![]() | |
Omphalotus illudens | Jack-O'lantern mushroom | illudin S, illudin M, and muscarine[25] | North America and Europe | Cantharellus spp. | ![]() |
Omphalotus japonicus | Tsukiyotake | illudin S and illudin M[26][27][28] | Asia | Pleurotus ostreatus
Lentinula edodes Sarcomyxa serotina |
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Omphalotus nidiformis | Ghost fungus | illudin S, illudin M, and [29] | Oceania and India | Pleurotus ostreatus
Lentinula edodes Sarcomyxa serotina |
![]() |
Omphalotus olearius | Jack-O'lantern mushroom | illudin S[30] | Europe | Cantharellus spp. | |
Omphalotus olivascens | Western jack-o'-lantern mushroom | illudin S[31] | America | Cantharellus spp. | ![]() |
Japan | Paralepista flaccida
|
||||
Paralepistopsis amoenolens | Paralysis funnel | North Africa and Europe | Paralepista flaccida
Paralepista inversa |
||
Pholiotina rugosa | amatoxins[32] | North America, Europe and Asia | ![]() | ||
Ramaria formosa | Beautiful clavaria | unknown | North America, Europe and Asia | Ramaria botrytis | |
unknown | Europe | Ramaria botrytis | ![]() | ||
Ramaria pallida | unknown | North America and Europe | Ramaria botrytis | ![]() | |
Rubroboletus legaliae | Le Gal's bolete | unknown (probably and muscarine) | Europe | ![]() | |
Rubroboletus lupinus | Wolves bolete | unknown (probably and muscarine) | Europe | ![]() | |
Rubroboletus pulcherrimus | unknown | North America | ![]() | ||
Rubroboletus satanas | Satan's bolete | and muscarine[33][34] | Europe | ![]() | |
Russula emetica | The sickener | , , and R. emetica unnamed compound[35] | North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia | Russula aurea | |
Russula subnigricans | unknown | ||||
Sarcosphaera coronaria | Pink crown | North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia | |||
Tricholoma equestre | Yellow knight | unknown | Europe | ![]() | |
unknown | unknown | Tricholoma terreum | ![]() | ||
Tricholoma pardinum | Tiger tricholoma | unknown | North America, Europe and Asia | Tricholoma terreum | ![]() |
Tricholoma muscarium | tricholomic acid and ibotenic acid[36][37] | Japan | |||
Trogia venenata | Little white mushroom | unknown | China | ||
Turbinellus floccosus | Woolly false chanterelle | [38] | North America and Eastern Asia | Gomphus clavatus
Polyozellus multiplex Cantharellus spp. |
![]() |
Turbinellus kauffmanii | [38] | North America | Gomphus clavatus
Polyozellus multiplex Cantharellus spp. |
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List of suspicious mushroom species[]
Scientific name | Common name | Distribution | Picture |
---|---|---|---|
Europe | |||
Amanita albocreata | Ringless panther | North America | ![]() |
Amanita altipes | Yellow long-stem Amanita | China | |
Amanita breckonii | North America | ![]() | |
Amanita ceciliae | Snakeskin grisette | North America and Europe | ![]() |
Amanita eliae | Fries's Amanita | Europe and North Africa | ![]() |
Amanita flavoconia | Yellow-dust Amanita | North America | ![]() |
Amanita frostiana | Frost's Amanita | North America | ![]() |
Amanita nehuta | Mahori dust Amanita | New Zealand | ![]() |
Amanita parcivolvata | America | ![]() | |
Amanita parvipantherina | China | ||
South America | |||
Amanita roseotincta | North America | ![]() | |
Amanita rubrovolvata | Red volva Amanita | Asia | ![]() |
False Frost's Amanita | China | ||
Amanita velatipes | North America | ![]() | |
South America | |||
Amanita wellsii | Wells's Amanita | North America | ![]() |
Amanita xanthocephala | Vermilion grisette | Australia | ![]() |
Armillaria mellea[39] | Honey fungus | North America, Europe, Northern Asia and Australia | ![]() |
Calocera viscosa | Yellow stagshorn | North America, Europe and Asia | ![]() |
Chlorophyllum brunneum | Shaggy parasol | North America, Europe, Australia and Southern Africa | ![]() |
Europe | |||
Clitocybe fragrans | Europe | ![]() | |
Clitocybe nebularis | Clouded agaric | North America and Europe | ![]() |
Europe | ![]() | ||
Coprinellus micaceus | Mica cap | worldwide | ![]() |
Lactarius chrysorrheus | Yellowdrop milkcap | North America, Europe and North Africa | ![]() |
Lactarius helvus | Fenugreek milkcap | Europe and Asia | ![]() |
Lepiota cristata | Stinking dapperling | North America, Europe, Northern Africa, Northern Asia and New Zealand | ![]() |
Europe | |||
Russula olivacea[39] | North America, Europe and Asia | ![]() | |
Europe | ![]() | ||
Schizophyllum commune | worldwide | ![]() | |
Scleroderma citrinum | common earthball | North America, Europe and Asia | ![]() |
Stropharia aeruginosa[citation needed] | Verdigris agaric | North America and Europe | ![]() |
Suillus granulatus[39] | Weeping bolete | worldwide | ![]() |
Tricholoma sulphureum | Gas agaric | Europe and North America | ![]() |
See also[]
- List of deadly fungi
- List of poisonous animals
- List of poisonous plants
- Mushroom poisoning
- Mycotoxicology
- Mycotoxin
References[]
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- ^ a b c Avis de l'Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail relatif à l'évaluation des risques liés à la consommation des champignons dénommés Suillus granulatus, Russula olivacea et Armillaria mellea (in French). Maisons-Alfort. 29 July 2015.
External link[]
Media related to Poisonous fungi at Wikimedia Commons
Categories:
- Poisonous fungi
- Lists of fungal species