List of prime ministers of Syria
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This article lists the prime ministers of Syria since 1920.
List of officeholders[]
- Acting
- National Bloc
- Syrian Social Nationalist Party
- National Party
- Military
- Arab Liberation Movement
- People's Party
- Syrian Regional Branch (Ba'ath Party / Syrian Ba'ath Party)
Kingdom of Syria (1920)[]
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
1 | ![]() |
Rida Pasha al-Rikabi (1864–1943) |
9 March 1920 | 3 May 1920 | 55 days | Independent | Previously Military Governor in the Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (1 Oct 1918 – 14 Dec 1919) | |
— | ![]() |
Hashim al-Atassi (1875–1960) |
3 May 1920 | 25 July 1920 | 83 days | Independent | —
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2 | ![]() |
Alaa al-Din al-Durubi (1870–1920) |
25 July 1920 | 20 August 1920 | 26 days | Independent | —
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3 | ![]() |
Jamil al-Ulshi (1883–1951) |
6 September 1920 | 30 November 1920 | 85 days | Independent | —
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State of Syria, part of the French Mandate (1924–1930)[]
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Notes | |||
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Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
4 | ![]() |
Subhi Barakat (1889–1939) |
26 January 1925 | 21 December 1925 | 329 days | Independent | —
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— | ![]() |
Taj al-Din al-Hasani (1885–1943) |
29 December 1925 | 6 January 1926 | 8 days | Independent | —
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5 | ![]() |
Ahmad Nami (1873–1962) |
27 April 1926 | 9 February 1928 | 1 year, 288 days | Independent | —
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6 | ![]() |
Taj al-Din al-Hasani (1885–1943) |
15 April 1928 | 14 May 1930 | 2 years, 29 days | Independent | —
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Syrian Republic, part of the French Mandate (1930–1945)[]
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
6 | ![]() |
Taj al-Din al-Hasani (1885–1943) |
14 May 1930 | 19 November 1931 | 1 year, 189 days | Independent | —
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7 | ![]() |
Haqqi al-Azm (1864–1955) |
7 June 1932 | 16 March 1934 | 1 year, 282 days | Independent | —
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8 | ![]() |
Taj al-Din al-Hasani (1885–1943) |
16 March 1934 | 22 February 1936 | 1 year, 343 days | Independent | —
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9 | ![]() |
Ata al-Ayyubi (1877–1951) |
22 February 1936 | 21 December 1936 | 303 days | Independent | —
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10 | ![]() |
Jamil Mardam Bey (1894–1960) |
21 December 1936 | 18 February 1939 | 2 years, 59 days | National Bloc | —
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11 | ![]() |
Lutfi al-Haffar (1885–1968) |
23 February 1939 | 13 March 1939 | 18 days | National Bloc | —
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12 | ![]() |
Nasuhi al-Bukhari (1881–1961) |
6 April 1939 | 9 July 1939 | 94 days | Independent | —
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13 | ![]() |
Khalid al-Azm (1903–1965) |
4 April 1941 | 21 September 1941 | 170 days | Independent | —
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14 | ![]() |
Hassan al-Hakim (1886–1982) |
21 September 1941 | 19 April 1942 | 210 days | Independent | —
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15 | ![]() |
Husni al-Barazi (1895–1975) |
19 April 1942 | 10 January 1943 | 266 days | Independent | —
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16 | ![]() |
Jamil al-Ulshi (1883–1951) |
10 January 1943 | 25 March 1943 | 74 days | Independent | —
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17 | ![]() |
Ata al-Ayyubi (1877–1951) |
25 March 1943 | 17 August 1943 | 145 days | Independent | —
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18 | ![]() |
Saadallah al-Jabiri (1891–1948) |
19 August 1943 | 14 October 1944 | 56 days | National Bloc | —
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19 | ![]() |
Fares al-Khoury (1877–1962) |
14 October 1944 | 1 October 1945 | 352 days | National Bloc | —
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20 | ![]() |
Saadallah al-Jabiri (1891–1948) |
1 October 1945 | 24 October 1945 | 23 days | National Bloc | —
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Syrian Republic (1945–1958)[]
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||||
20 | ![]() |
Saadallah al-Jabiri (1891–1948) |
24 October 1945 | 16 December 1946 | 1 year, 53 days | National Bloc | —
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— | ![]() |
Khalid al-Azm (1903–1965) |
16 December 1946 | 29 December 1946 | 13 days | Independent | —
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21 | ![]() |
Jamil Mardam Bey (1894–1960) |
29 December 1946 | 17 December 1948 | 1 year, 354 days | National Bloc | —
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22 | ![]() |
Khalid al-Azm (1903–1965) |
17 December 1948 | 30 March 1949 | 103 days | Independent | —
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23 | ![]() |
Husni al-Za'im (1897–1949) |
17 April 1949 | 26 June 1949 | 70 days | Syrian Social Nationalist Party | —
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24 | ![]() |
Muhsin al-Barazi (1904–1949) |
26 June 1949 | 14 August 1949 | 49 days | Independent | —
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25 | ![]() |
Hashim al-Atassi (1875–1960) |
17 August 1949 | 24 December 1949 | 129 days | People's Party | —
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26 | ![]() |
Nazim al-Kudsi (1906–1998) |
24 December 1949 | 27 December 1949 | 3 days | People's Party | —
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27 | ![]() |
Khalid al-Azm (1903–1965) |
27 December 1949 | 4 June 1950 | 159 days | Independent | —
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28 | ![]() |
Nazim al-Kudsi (1906–1998) |
4 June 1950 | 27 March 1951 | 296 days | People's Party | —
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29 | ![]() |
Khalid al-Azm (1903–1965) |
27 March 1951 | 9 August 1951 | 135 days | Independent | —
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30 | ![]() |
Hassan al-Hakim (1886–1982) |
9 August 1951 | 13 November 1951 | 96 days | Independent | —
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— | ![]() |
Zaki al-Khatib (1887–1961) |
13 November 1951 | 28 November 1951 | 15 days | People's Party | —
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31 | ![]() |
Maarouf al-Dawalibi (1909–2004) |
28 November 1951 | 29 November 1951 | 1 day | People's Party | —
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32 | ![]() |
Fawzi Selu (1905–1972) |
3 December 1951 | 19 July 1953 | 1 year, 228 days | Military | Selu had no power, real power laid in the hands of Adib Shishakli.[1] | |
33 | ![]() |
Adib Shishakli (1909–1964) |
19 July 1953 | 25 February 1954 | 221 days | Arab Liberation Movement | Shishakli resigned from office because of threats of a coup in 1954.[2] He fled the country, claiming that he did not want the country to fall into a civil war.[2] | |
34 | ![]() |
Sabri al-Asali (1903–1976) |
1 March 1954 | 19 June 1954 | 110 days | National Party | —
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35 | ![]() |
Said al-Ghazzi (1893–1967) |
19 June 1954 | 3 November 1954 | 137 days | Independent | —
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36 | ![]() |
Fares al-Khoury (1877–1962) |
3 November 1954 | 13 February 1955 | 102 days | People's Party | —
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37 | ![]() |
Sabri al-Asali (1903–1976) |
13 February 1955 | 13 September 1955 | 212 days | National Party | —
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38 | ![]() |
Said al-Ghazzi (1893–1967) |
13 September 1955 | 14 June 1956 | 275 days | Independent | —
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39 | ![]() |
Sabri al-Asali (1903–1976) |
14 June 1956 | 22 February 1958 | 1 year, 253 days | National Party | —
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United Arab Republic (1958–1961)[]
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||
40 | ![]() |
Nur al-Din Kahala (1908–1965) |
7 October 1958 | 20 September 1960 | 1 year, 349 days | National Union | |
41 | ![]() |
Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj (1925–2013) |
20 September 1960 | 16 August 1961 | 330 days | National Union |
Syrian Arab Republic (1961–present)[]
No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Government | Notes | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | Time in office | |||||||
42 | ![]() |
Maamun al-Kuzbari (1914–1998) |
29 September 1961 | 20 November 1961 | 52 days | Independent | Kuzbari took office following the 1961 coup d'état, which dissolved the United Arab Republic. | ||
43 | ![]() |
Izzat al-Nuss (1912–1976)[3] |
20 November 1961 | 14 December 1961 | 24 days | Military | |||
44 | ![]() |
Maarouf al-Dawalibi (1909–2004) |
22 December 1961 | 28 March 1962 | 96 days | People's Party | |||
45 | ![]() |
Bashir al-Azma (1910–1992) |
16 April 1962 | 14 September 1962 | 151 days | Independent | |||
46 | ![]() |
Khalid al-Azm (1903–1965) |
17 September 1962 | 9 March 1963 | 173 days | Independent | The 1963 coup d'état, an event known as the 8th of March Revolution, toppled Khalid al-Azm and brought the National Council for the Revolutionary Command (NCRC) to government, although real power lay with the Ba'athist Military Committee, which organized the coup.[4] | ||
47 | ![]() |
Salah al-Din al-Bitar (1912–1980) |
9 March 1963 | 11 May 1963 | 63 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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— | ![]() |
Sami al-Jundi (1921–1996) |
11 May 1963 | 13 May 1963 | 2 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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(47) | ![]() |
Salah al-Din al-Bitar (1912–1980) |
13 May 1963 | 11 November 1963 | 182 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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48 | ![]() |
Amin al-Hafiz (1921–2009) |
12 November 1963 | 13 May 1964 | 183 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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49 | ![]() |
Salah al-Din al-Bitar (1912–1980) |
14 May 1964 | 3 October 1964 | 142 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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50 | ![]() |
Amin al-Hafiz (1921–2009) |
4 October 1964 | 22 September 1965 | 353 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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51 | ![]() |
Yusuf Zuayyin (1931–2016) |
22 September 1965 | 21 December 1965 | 90 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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52 | ![]() |
Salah al-Din al-Bitar (1912–1980) |
1 January 1966 | 23 February 1966 | 53 days | Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Salah al-Din al-Bitar was overthrown by the Military Committee because of his support for Michel Aflaq and the National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party.[5] | ||
53 | ![]() |
Yusuf Zuayyin (1931–2016) |
1 March 1966 | 29 October 1968 | 2 years, 242 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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54 | ![]() |
Nureddin al-Atassi (1929–1992) |
29 October 1968 | 18 November 1970 | 2 years, 20 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Nureddin al-Atassi was overthrown when a falling out occurred between Salah Jadid, the real ruler of Syria from 1966 to 1970, and Hafez al-Assad, the Minister of Defense.[6] Assad initiated the Corrective Movement in 1970.[7] | ||
55 | ![]() |
Hafez al-Assad (1930–2000) |
21 November 1970 | 3 April 1971 | 133 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Assad | ||
56 | ![]() |
Abdul Rahman Khleifawi (1930–2009) |
3 April 1971 | 21 December 1972 | 1 year, 262 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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57 | ![]() |
Mahmoud al-Ayyubi (1932–2013) |
21 December 1972 | 7 August 1976 | 3 years, 230 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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58 | ![]() |
Abdul Rahman Khleifawi (1930–2009) |
7 August 1976 | 27 March 1978 | 1 year, 232 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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59 | ![]() |
Muhammad Ali al-Halabi (1937–2016) |
27 March 1978 | 9 January 1980 | 1 year, 288 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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60 | ![]() |
Abdul Rauf al-Kasm (1932–) |
9 January 1980 | 1 November 1987 | 7 years, 296 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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61 | ![]() |
Mahmoud Zuabi (1935–2000) |
1 November 1987 | 13 March 2000 | 12 years, 133 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
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62 | ![]() |
Muhammad Mustafa Mero (1941–2020) |
13 March 2000 | 10 September 2003 | 3 years, 181 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
–II | ||
63 | ![]() |
Muhammad Naji al-Otari (1944–) |
10 September 2003 | 14 April 2011 | 7 years, 216 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Naji al-Otari | ||
64 | ![]() |
Adel Safar (1953–) |
14 April 2011 | 23 June 2012 | 1 year, 70 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Safar | ||
65 | ![]() |
Riyad Farid Hijab (1966–) |
23 June 2012 | 6 August 2012 | 44 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Hijab | Defected to the Syrian opposition | |
— | ![]() |
Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji (1954–) |
6 August 2012 | 9 August 2012 | 3 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Hijab | ||
66 | ![]() |
Wael Nader al-Halqi (1964–) |
9 August 2012 | 3 July 2016 | 3 years, 329 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
al-Halqi I–II | ||
67 | ![]() |
Imad Khamis (1961–) |
3 July 2016 | 11 June 2020 | 3 years, 344 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Khamis | ||
68 | ![]() |
Hussein Arnous (1953–) |
11 June 2020 | Incumbent | 1 year, 259 days | Syrian Ba'ath Party (Syria Region) |
Arnous I–II |
See also[]
- President of Syria
- Vice President of Syria
- Prime Minister of Syria
- Speaker of the People's Assembly of Syria
References[]
- General
- ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 85.
- ^ a b Moubayed 2006, p. 339.
- ^ "Who's who in the Arab World". 1974.
- ^ Moubayed 2006, p. 133.
- ^ Seale 1990, pp. 99–101.
- ^ Seale 1990, pp. 142–144.
- ^ Seale 1990, pp. 162–163.
- Bibliography
- Moubayed, Sami M. (2006). Steel & Silk: Men and Women who shaped Syria 1900–2000. Cune Press. ISBN 1-885942-40-0.
- Seale, Patrick (1990). Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520069763.
Categories:
- Prime Ministers of Syria
- Lists of political office-holders in Syria
- Lists of prime ministers by country