List of southernmost items
This article possibly contains original research. (February 2009) |
The most southerly geographical features of various types are listed here.
Cities and settlements[]
Geography[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Body of water (navigable) | Bay of Whales, Ross Sea | 78°30′S 164°20′W / 78.500°S 164.333°W |
Land | the Geographic South Pole, Antarctica | 90°00′S 00°00′W / 90.000°S -0.000°E |
Land (excluding Antarctica) | Thule Island, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | 59°31′50″S 27°23′50″W / 59.53056°S 27.39722°W |
Islands[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Any island (above sea level) | Deverall Island | 81°28′S 161°54′E / 81.467°S 161.900°E |
Any island (with bare rock, not ice-covered) | Ross Island | 77°50′S 166°40′E / 77.833°S 166.667°E |
Any size excluding Antarctica | Thule Island | 59°27′S 27°18′W / 59.450°S 27.300°W |
Island > 10,000 km2 excluding Antarctica | Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina/Chile | 55°02′S 56°27′W / 55.033°S 56.450°W |
Island > 100,000 km2 | South Island, New Zealand | 46°40′S 169°00′E / 46.667°S 169.000°E |
Coral atoll | Elizabeth Reef, Australia | 29°57′S 159°4′E / 29.950°S 159.067°E |
Berkner Island is further south than any of these, but its bedrock lies entirely below sea level, with only its ice covering rising above.
Nature[]
Animals[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Bird: South polar skua (Stercorarius maccormicki) | seen at the South Pole[2] | 90°00′S 00°00′W / 90.000°S -0.000°E |
Amphibian: Gray four-eyed frog (Pleurodema bufoninum) | Southern tip of South America[3] | 53°54′S 71°18′W / 53.900°S 71.300°W |
Mammal: Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) | Southern Ocean[4][5] | 80th parallel south |
Reptile: Liolaemus magellanicus and Liolaemus sarmientoi | Región de Magallanes,
Chile |
52°22′57″S 68°24′36″W / 52.382367°S 68.409956°W |
Insect: Antarctic midge (Belgica antarctica) | Refuge Islands[6][7] | 68°21′S 67°10′W / 68.350°S 67.167°W |
Fish: Gymnoscopelus nicholsi, , Electrona antarctica | Ross Sea[8] | 75th parallel south |
Plants[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Flowering plants (in greenhouses) | Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica[9] | 90°00′S 139°16′W / 90.000°S 139.267°W |
Grass and flowering plants (naturally occurring) | Terra Firma Islands, Antarctica[10] | 68°42′S 67°32′W / 68.700°S 67.533°W |
Trees (naturally occurring) | Hornos Island, Chile[11] | 55°58′S 67°15′W / 55.967°S 67.250°W |
Palms (nikau (Rhopalostylis sapida), naturally occurring) | Chatham Islands, New Zealand[12] | 44°02′S 176°26′W / 44.033°S 176.433°W |
Education[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
International Baccalaureate school | John McGlashan College, Dunedin, New Zealand[13] | 45°51′17″S 170°29′55″E / 45.85472°S 170.49861°E |
University | National University of Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Argentina[14] | 54°48′57″S 68°19′04″W / 54.81583°S 68.31778°W |
Kindergarten | Puerto Williams,[15] Chile | 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W |
Secondary school | Puerto Williams, Chile[16] | 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W |
Primary school | Escuela Nº 38 "Presidente Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín", Esperanza Base, Antarctica[17] | 63°24′S 57°00′W / 63.400°S 57.000°W |
Science and technology[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Astronomical observatory | South Pole Telescope, Antarctica | 90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E |
Permanent scientific research station |
Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica | 90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E |
Planetarium | Otago Museum, Dunedin, New Zealand[18] | 45°51′56″S 170°30′38″E / 45.865678°S 170.510471°E |
Nuclear power plant | Atucha I, Argentina[19] | 33°58′S 59°12′W / 33.967°S 59.200°W |
Atucha II, Argentina[citation needed] | 33°58′S 59°12′W / 33.967°S 59.200°W |
Historical sites and archaeological findings[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Prehistoric archaeological site | Yaghan people's Bahía Wulaia Dome Mittens,[20] Chile. | 55°02′51″S 68°08′54″W / 55.04755°S 68.14835°W |
Transportation[]
Recreation[]
Sport[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Bowling club | Stewart Island Bowling Club, Oban, New Zealand[24] | 46°53′57″S 168°07′43″E / 46.899224°S 168.128746°E |
Ski resort | Cerro Castor, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina[25] | 54°43′S 68°00′W / 54.717°S 68.000°W |
Golf club | Ushuaia Golf Club, Ushuaia, Argentina[26] | 54°49′52″S 68°25′02″E / 54.831183°S 68.417283°E |
Religious buildings[]
Shops and service facilities[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Tourist office | Puerto Williams,[37] Chile | 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W |
Restaurant | Lodge Lakutaia,[38] Puerto Williams, Chile | 54°56′12″S 67°36′47″W / 54.936789°S 67.613039°W |
Cinema | Jubany Base, Antarctic Peninsula[citation needed] | 62°14′S 58°40′W / 62.233°S 58.667°W |
Public post office | Port Lockroy, Goudier Island, Antarctica[39] | 64°49′S 63°30′W / 64.817°S 63.500°W |
Bar | Faraday Bar,[40] Vernadsky Research Base, Antarctica | 65°14′45″S 64°15′27″W / 65.245747°S 64.257391°W |
Automated teller machine | McMurdo Station, Antarctica[41] | 77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E |
International brand names[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
Mobil petrol station | Invercargill, New Zealand | 46°25′46″S 168°21′42″E / 46.42944°S 168.36167°E [42] |
H&M | Christchurch, New Zealand | 43°32′00″S 172°38′16″E / 43.53333°S 172.63778°E [43] |
Shell petrol station | Blackmans Bay, Tasmania, Australia | 43°00′00″S 147°19′13″E / 43.00000°S 147.32028°E [44] |
7-Eleven | Rosebud, Victoria, Australia | 38°21′25″S 144°54′04″E / 38.35694°S 144.90111°E [45] |
ECCO | Moorabbin, Melbourne, Australia | 37°58′15″S 145°05′21″E / 37.97083°S 145.08917°E [46] |
IKEA | Springvale, Melbourne, Australia | 37°55′36″S 145°08′36″E / 37.92667°S 145.14333°E |
Franchised food brands[]
Gardens/parks, zoos and aquaria[]
Item | Place | Latitude/longitude |
---|---|---|
National park | Cabo de Hornos National Park, Tierra Del Fuego, Chile | 55°49′58″S 67°25′58″W / 55.83278°S 67.43278°W |
Penguin reserve | Magdalena Island Penguin Reserve, Magdalena Island, Magallanes Region, Chile[51] | 52°55′S 70°35′W / 52.917°S 70.583°W |
Aviary | Dunedin Aviary, Dunedin, New Zealand | 45°51′29″S 170°31′20″E / 45.85806°S 170.52222°E |
Botanical garden | Dunedin Botanical Gardens, Dunedin, New Zealand | 45°51′23″S 170°31′04″E / 45.85639°S 170.51778°E |
Other[]
See also[]
- List of northernmost items
- Extreme points of Earth
- Extreme points of the Antarctic
- List of countries by southernmost point
References[]
- ^ "4.0 Antarctica - Past and Present".
- ^ "Skuas - Wildlife of Antarctica - Antarctic Connection". Archived from the original on February 11, 2006.
- ^ Fairbanks, Mailing Address: 101 Dunkel St Suite 110; Us, AK 99701 Phone: 907459-3730 Contact. "Amphibians 101 - Gates Of The Arctic National Park & Preserve (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov.
- ^ "Antarctica: Marine Mammals". www.marinebio.net.
- ^ Routti, Heli; Krafft, Bjørn A.; Herzke, Dorte; Eisert, Regina; Oftedal, Olav (February 1, 2015). "Perfluoroalkyl substances detected in the world's southernmost marine mammal, the Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii)". Environmental Pollution. 197: 62–67. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2014.11.026. PMID 25497307.
- ^ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271714668_Stress_tolerance_in_a_polyextremophile_The_southernmost_insect
- ^ Usher, Michael B.; Edwards, Marion (September 1, 1984). "A dipteran from south of the Antarctic Circle: Belgica antarctica (Chironomidae) with a description of its larva". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 23 (1): 19–31. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1984.tb00803.x – via academic.oup.com.
- ^ http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/508228/1/Atlas_Chap.7-Duhamel_et_al_2014-F.pdf
- ^ UA, Tempe company bring veggies to South Pole
- ^ Smith, Roff. "Frozen Under". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 2007-12-14. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
- ^ Welch, Craig (July 2020). "The tree at the bottom of the world—and the wind-blasted trek to find it". National Geographic. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
- ^ "Bushmansfriend: Forest walks, Nature Photography & NZ Flora - Native Plant Information - New Zealand, native trees,natives,shrubs,information". Archived from the original on 2014-08-14. Retrieved 2006-01-22.
- ^ "John McGlashan College".
- ^ "Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego »". UNTDF. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
- ^ : : Dirección de Bienestar de la Armada de Chile : :
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-02-27. Retrieved 2009-05-14.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "Escuela Nº38 Presidente Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín". www.marambio.aq.
- ^ "World's southernmost planetarium opens in Dunedin". Newshub – via www.newshub.co.nz.
- ^ "Nucleoeléctrica Argentina (in Spanish)". Archived from the original on 2014-03-26. Retrieved 2009-08-24.
- ^ "Bahia Wulaia Dome Middens".
- ^ Klein, Andrew G.; Kennicutt, Mahlon C.; Wolff, Gary A.; Sweet, Steve T.; Bloxom, Tiffany; Gielstra, Dianna A.; Cleckley, Marietta (2008). "The historical development of McMurdo station, Antarctica, an environmental perspective". Polar Geography. 31 (3): 119–144. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.693.1204. doi:10.1080/10889370802579856.
Winter Quarters Bay is the world's southernmost port.
- ^ "Tren del Fin del Mundo Ushuaia Tierra del Fuego Argentina". www.trendelfindelmundo.com.ar.
- ^ "Southern most Suspension Bridge".
- ^ Stewart Island bowling green opened - the world's southernmost green?
- ^ Cerro Castor: esquí en el Fin del Mundo Archived 2013-12-17 at the Wayback Machine Revista Magna.
- ^ At the imposing Patagonian geography, the perfect combination of challenge and contemplation.
- ^ "Church in ice cave at Belgrano II station, Antarctica". Archived from the original on July 22, 2011.
- ^ Mass at ice church in Belgrano II Base
- ^ "Nearby Churches | ComeUntoChrist.org". www.comeuntochrist.org.
- ^ "Obispado de Punta Arenas". www.iglesia.cl.
- ^ Academy, Himalayan. "Hinduism Today Magazine". www.hinduismtoday.com. Archived from the original on July 4, 2008.
- ^ "Southland Muslim Association Inc, Invercargill, 9810, New Zealand - Islamic Centers, Masjids Mosques, Muslim Owned Businesses, Islamic Schools and Colleges". Islamicfinder.org. 2011-04-20. Retrieved 2013-10-19.
- ^ "NZ Jewish Archives - Temple Sinai". Archived from the original on February 20, 2012.
- ^ Google Books: The New Zealand Jewish Community By Stephen I. Levine
- ^ "Dhargyey Buddhist Centre Home Page". dbc.dharmakara.net.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-05-10. Retrieved 2017-04-10.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ [1] Archived January 30, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "☞ The Most Southern Restaurant in the World / Самые южный ресторан в мире". restoran.us.
- ^ "UKAHT - UKAHT". www.ukaht.org.
- ^ "Having A drink At The World's Southernmost Bar". March 11, 2016.
- ^ "Group".
- ^ "Find Gas Stations Near Me | Esso Fuel Finder". www.fuels.esso.co.th.
- ^ [2] "Store Locator"
- ^ [3] "Fuel Finder; Gas Station Locator"
- ^ "Find a Store - Find Coffee, Gas, Food & More Nearby | 7-Eleven". www.7-eleven.com.
- ^ "Service". Ecco.
- ^ "World's southernmost Wendy's is now open in Dunedin". 2015-03-12.
- ^ "Southern-most Starbucks draws tourist crowds". Stuff.
- ^ "City to hold meetings to discuss plans for upcoming bicycle boulevard projects".
- ^ "Southernmost McDonald's in the world in Invercargill, New Zealand". 2011-06-16.
- ^ "Penguin Research Manual". www.seabirds.org.
- ^ Winners & Losers: Episode 4 - UNESCO World Heritage Sites, retrieved 2020-04-15
- ^ World Heritage List and List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas
- ^ "Keokén, el viñedo más austral de Chile". Wine Independent Press (in Spanish).
- ^ "The world's southernmost mines | MINING.com". MINING.com. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
- ^ "101 Beer Experiences: Explore the edges of the world". DRAFT. January 18, 2016.
- ^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Southern Chile". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
- ^ This Way Up (17 December 2016). "Ring my bells!". Radio New Zealand.
- ^ Times On Line article on Antarctica
- ^ "List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012)" (PDF). Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2012. Retrieved 2013-10-25.
- Moore, D. M. (1983). Flora of Tierra del Fuego.
Categories:
- Physical geography
- Geography of Antarctica
- Lists of extreme points