List of state leaders in 2011

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
See also

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 2011.

Africa[]

  •  Algeria
    • President – Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–2019)
    • Prime Minister – Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister of Algeria (2008–2012)
  •  Angola
  •  Benin
    • President – Thomas Boni Yayi, President of Benin (2006–2016)
    • Prime Minister – Pascal Koupaki, Prime Minister of Benin (2011–2013)
  •  Botswana
    • President – Ian Khama, President of Botswana (2008–2018)
  •  Burkina Faso
    • President – Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–2014)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Tertius Zongo, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2007–2011)
      2. Luc-Adolphe Tiao, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2011–2014)
  •  Burundi
    • President – Pierre Nkurunziza, President of Burundi (2005–2020)
  •  Cameroon
  •  Cape Verde
    • President –
      1. Pedro Pires, President of Cape Verde (2001–2011)
      2. Jorge Carlos Fonseca, President of Cape Verde (2011–2021)
    • Prime Minister – José Maria Neves, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2001–2016)
  •  Central African Republic
  •  Chad
    • President – Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–2021)
    • Prime Minister – Emmanuel Nadingar, Prime Minister of Chad (2010–2013)
  •  Comoros
    • President –
      1. Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, President of the Comoros (2006–2011)
      2. Ikililou Dhoinine, President of the Comoros (2011–2016)
  •  Congo–Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)
    • President – Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
  •  Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
    • President – Joseph Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2001–2019)
    • Prime Minister – Adolphe Muzito, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2008–2012)
  •  Djibouti
    • President – Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
    • Prime Minister – Dileita Mohamed Dileita, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2001–2013)
  •  Egypt
    • Head of State –
      1. Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–2011)
      2. Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, Chairman of the Armed Forces Supreme Council of Egypt (2011–2012)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Ahmed Nazif, Prime Minister of Egypt (2004–2011)
      2. Ahmed Shafik, Prime Minister of Egypt (2011)
      3. Essam Sharaf, Prime Minister of Egypt (2011)
      4. Kamal Ganzouri, Prime Minister of Egypt (2011–2012)
  •  Equatorial Guinea
    • President – Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
    • Prime Minister – Ignacio Milam Tang, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2008–2012)
  •  Eritrea
    • President – Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea (1991–present) [a]
  •  Ethiopia
    • President – Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President of Ethiopia (2001–2013)
    • Prime Minister – Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–2012)
  •  Gabon
  •  The Gambia
  •  Ghana
    • President – John Atta Mills, President of Ghana (2009–2012)
  •  Guinea
  •  Guinea-Bissau
  •  Ivory Coast
    • President –
      1. Laurent Gbagbo, President of the Ivory Coast (2000–2011; claimant, 2010–2011)
      2. Alassane Ouattara, President of the Ivory Coast (2010–present)
    • Prime Minister –
      • Guillaume Soro, Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (2007–2012)
      • Gilbert Aké, Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (claimant, 2010–2011)
  •  Kenya
    • President – Mwai Kibaki, President of Kenya (2002–2013)
    • Prime Minister – Raila Odinga, Prime Minister of Kenya (2008–2013)
  •  Lesotho
    • Monarch – Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
    • Prime Minister – Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–2012)
  •  Liberia
    • President – Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, President of Liberia (2006–2018)
  •  Libya
    • with the fall of the capital, the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya was superseded on 23 August
    • De facto Head of State – Muammar Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
    • De jure Head of State – Mohamed Abu al-Qasim al-Zwai, Secretary General of General People's Congress of Libya (2010–2011)
    • Head of State – Mustafa Abdul Jalil, Chairman of the National Transitional Council of Libya (2011–2012)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Baghdadi Mahmudi, General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (2006–2011)
      2. Mahmoud Jibril, Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2011)
      3. Ali Tarhouni, Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2011)
      4. Abdurrahim El-Keib, Acting Prime Minister of Libya (2011–2012)
  •  Madagascar
  •  Malawi
  •  Mali
  •  Mauritania
    • President – Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz, President of Mauritania (2009–2019)
    • Prime Minister – Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2008–2014)
  •  Mauritius
    • President – Sir Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius (2003–2012)
    • Prime Minister – Navin Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2005–2014)
  •   Mayotte (overseas collectivity of France)
    • became an overseas department of the French Republic on 31 March
    • Prefect – Hubert Derache, Prefect of Mayotte (2009–2011)
    • Head of Government –
      1. Ahmed Attoumani Douchina, President of the General Council of Mayotte (2008–2011)
      2. Daniel Zaïdani, President of the General Council of Mayotte (2011–2015)
  •  Morocco
    • Monarch – Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Abbas El Fassi, Prime Minister of Morocco (2007–2011)
      2. Abdelilah Benkirane, Head of Government of Morocco (2011–2017)
    •  Western Sahara (self-declared, partially recognised state)
      • President – Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of Western Sahara (1976–2016)
      • Prime Minister – Abdelkader Taleb Omar, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (2003–2018)
  •  Mozambique
    • President – Armando Guebuza, President of Mozambique (2005–2015)
    • Prime Minister – Aires Ali, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2010–2012)
  •  Namibia
  •  Niger
    • Head of State –
      1. Salou Djibo, President of the Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy of Niger (2010–2011)
      2. Mahamadou Issoufou, President of Niger (2011–2021)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Mahamadou Danda, Prime Minister of Niger (2010–2011)
      2. Brigi Rafini, Prime Minister of Niger (2011–2021)
  •  Nigeria
  •  Rwanda
  •  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
    • Governor –
      1. Andrew Gurr, Governor of Saint Helena (2007–2011)
      2. , Acting Governor of Saint Helena (2011)
      3. Mark Andrew Capes, Governor of Saint Helena (2011–2016)
  •  São Tomé and Príncipe
  •  Senegal
    • President – Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal (2000–2012)
    • Prime Minister – Souleymane Ndéné Ndiaye, Prime Minister of Senegal (2009–2012)
  •  Seychelles
    • President – James Michel, President of Seychelles (2004–2016)
  •  Sierra Leone
  •  Somalia
    • President – Sharif Sheikh Ahmed, President of Somalia (2009–2012)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, Prime Minister of Somalia (2010–2011)
      2. Abdiweli Mohamed Ali, Prime Minister of Somalia (2011–2012)
    •  Somaliland (unrecognised, secessionist state)
      • President – Ahmed Mohamed Mohamoud, President of Somaliland (2010–2017)
    •  Puntland (self-declared autonomous state)
      • President – Abdirahman Farole, President of Puntland (2009–2014)
  •  South Africa
  •  South Sudan
  •  Sudan
    • President – Omar al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1989–2019)
  •  Swaziland
    • Monarch – Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
    • Prime Minister – Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2008–2018)
  •  Tanzania
    • President – Jakaya Kikwete, President of Tanzania (2005–2015)
    • Prime Minister – Mizengo Pinda, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2008–2015)
  •  Togo
    • President – Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo (2005–present)
    • Prime Minister – Gilbert Houngbo, Prime Minister of Togo (2008–2012)
  •  Tunisia
    • President –
      1. Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–2011)
      2. Mohamed Ghannouchi, Acting President of Tunisia (2011)
      3. Fouad Mebazaa, Acting President of Tunisia (2011)
      4. Moncef Marzouki, President of Tunisia (2011–2014)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–2011)
      2. Beji Caid Essebsi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (2011)
      3. Hamadi Jebali, Prime Minister of Tunisia (2011–2013)
  •  Uganda
  •  Zambia
    • President –
      1. Rupiah Banda, President of Zambia (2008–2011)
      2. Michael Sata, President of Zambia (2011–2014)
  •  Zimbabwe
    • President – Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–2017)
    • Prime Minister – Morgan Tsvangirai, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (2009–2013)

Asia[]

  •  Afghanistan
    • President – Hamid Karzai, President of Afghanistan (2001–2014)
  •  Bahrain
    • Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (1999–present)
    • Prime Minister – Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970–2020) [c]
  •  Bangladesh
    • President – Zillur Rahman, President of Bangladesh (2009–2013)
    • Prime Minister – Sheikh Hasina, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (2009–present)
  •  Bhutan
    • Monarch – Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (2006–present)
    • Prime Minister – Jigme Thinley, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2008–2013)
  •  Brunei
    • Monarch – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present) [d]
    • Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
  •  Cambodia
    • Monarch – Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
    • Prime Minister – Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–present) [e]
  •  China (People's Republic of China)
  •  East Timor
  •  India
    • President – Pratibha Patil, President of India (2007–2012)
    • Prime Minister – Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India (2004–2014)
  •  Indonesia
    • President – Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of Indonesia (2004–2014)
  •  Iran
    • Supreme Leader – Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
    • President – Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran (2005–2013)
  •  Iraq
    • President – Jalal Talabani, President of Iraq (2005–2014) [f]
    • Prime Minister – Nouri al-Maliki, Prime Minister of Iraq (2006–2014)
  •  Israel
    • President – Shimon Peres, President of Israel (2007–2014)
    • Prime Minister – Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime Minister of Israel (2009–2021)
    •  Palestinian National Authority (non-state administrative authority)
      • President – Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian National Authority (in the West Bank) (2005–present)
      • Prime Minister – Salam Fayyad, Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (in the West Bank) (2007–2013)
      •   Gaza Strip (rebelling against the Palestinian National Authority, in the West Bank)
        • President – Aziz Duwaik, Acting President of the Palestinian National Authority (in the Gaza Strip) (2009–2014)
        • Prime Minister – Ismail Haniyeh, Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (in the Gaza Strip) (2007–2014)
  •  Japan
    • Monarch – Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–2019)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Naoto Kan, Prime Minister of Japan (2010–2011)
      2. Yoshihiko Noda, Prime Minister of Japan (2011–2012)
  •  Jordan
  •  Kazakhstan
    • President – Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan (1990–2019) [g]
    • Prime Minister – Karim Massimov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2007–2012)
  •  North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
  •  South Korea (Republic of Korea)
    • President – Lee Myung-bak, President of South Korea (2008–2013)
    • Prime Minister – Kim Hwang-sik, Prime Minister of South Korea (2010–2013)
  •  Kuwait
    • Monarch – Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (2006–2020)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Sheikh Nasser Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2006–2011)
      2. Sheikh Jaber Al-Mubarak Al-Hamad Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2011–2019)
  •  Kyrgyzstan
    • President –
      1. Roza Otunbayeva, President of Kyrgyzstan (2010–2011)
      2. Almazbek Atambayev, President of Kyrgyzstan (2011–2017)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Almazbek Atambayev, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2010–2011)
      2. Omurbek Babanov, Acting Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2011)
      3. Almazbek Atambayev, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2011)
      4. Omurbek Babanov, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2011–2012)
  •  Laos
  •  Lebanon
    • President – Michel Suleiman, President of Lebanon (2008–2014)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Saad Hariri, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (2009–2011)
      2. Najib Mikati, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (2011–2014)
  •  Malaysia
    • Monarch –
      1. Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2006–2011)
      2. Tuanku Abdul Halim, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2011–2016)
    • Prime Minister – Najib Razak, Prime Minister of Malaysia (2009–2018)
  •  Maldives
  •  Mongolia
    • President – Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, President of Mongolia (2009–2017)
    • Prime Minister – Sükhbaataryn Batbold, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2009–2012)
  •  Myanmar
    • Head of State –
      1. Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council of Myanmar (1992–2011)
      2. Thein Sein, President of Myanmar (2011–2016)
    • Prime Minister – Thein Sein, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2007–2011)
  •    Nepal
    • President – Ram Baran Yadav, President of Nepal (2008–2015)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Madhav Kumar Nepal, Prime Minister of Nepal (2009–2011)
      2. Jhala Nath Khanal, Prime Minister of Nepal (2011)
      3. Baburam Bhattarai, Prime Minister of Nepal (2011–2013)
  •  Oman
    • Monarch – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
    • Prime Minister – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
  •  Pakistan
    • President – Asif Ali Zardari, President of Pakistan (2008–2013)
    • Prime Minister – Yousaf Raza Gillani, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2008–2012)
  •  Philippines
    • President – Benigno Aquino, President of the Philippines (2010–2016)
  •  Qatar
    • Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1995–2013)
    • Prime Minister – Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (2007–2013)
  •  Saudi Arabia
    • Monarch – Abdullah, King of Saudi Arabia (2005–2015)
    • Prime Minister – Abdullah, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (2005–2015)
  •  Singapore
    • President –
      1. S. R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999–2011)
      2. Tony Tan, President of Singapore (2011–2017)
    • Prime Minister – Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore (2004–present)
  •  Sri Lanka
    • President – Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of Sri Lanka (2005–2015)
    • Prime Minister – D. M. Jayaratne, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2010–2015)
  •  Syria
  •  Taiwan (Republic of China)
  •  Tajikistan
    • President – Emomali Rahmon, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
    • Prime Minister – Oqil Oqilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–2013)
  •  Thailand
    • Monarch – Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–2016)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Abhisit Vejjajiva, Prime Minister of Thailand (2008–2011)
      2. Yingluck Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand (2011–2014)
  •  Turkey
  •  Turkmenistan
  •  United Arab Emirates
    • President – Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (2004–present)
    • Prime Minister – Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (2006–present)
  •  Uzbekistan
    • President – Islam Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (1990–2016) [i]
    • Prime Minister – Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2003–2016)
  •  Vietnam
  •  Yemen

Europe[]

  •  Albania
    • President – Bamir Topi, President of Albania (2007–2012)
    • Prime Minister – Sali Berisha, Prime Minister of Albania (2005–2013)
  •  Andorra
    • Monarchs –
      • French Co-Prince – Nicolas Sarkozy, French Co-prince of Andorra (2007–2012)
      • Episcopal Co-Prince – Archbishop Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-prince of Andorra (2003–present)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Jaume Bartumeu, Head of Government of Andorra (2009–2011)
      2. Pere López Agràs, Acting Head of Government of Andorra (2011)
      3. Antoni Martí, Head of Government of Andorra (2011–2015)
  •  Armenia
    • President – Serzh Sargsyan, President of Armenia (2008–2018)
    • Prime Minister – Tigran Sargsyan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2008–2014)
  •  Austria
    • President – Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–2016)
    • Chancellor – Werner Faymann, Federal Chancellor of Austria (2008–2016)
  •  Azerbaijan
    • President – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
    • Prime Minister – Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–2018)
    •  Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognised, secessionist state)
      • President – Bako Sahakyan, President of Nagorno-Karabakh (2007–2020)
      • Prime Minister – Arayik Harutyunyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (2007–2017)
  •  Belarus
    • President – Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
    • Prime Minister – Mikhail Myasnikovich, Prime Minister of Belarus (2010–2014)
  •  Belgium
    • Monarch – Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–2013)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Yves Leterme, Prime Minister of Belgium (2009–2011)
      2. Elio Di Rupo, Prime Minister of Belgium (2011–2014)
  •  Bosnia and Herzegovina
  •  Bulgaria
    • President – Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–2012)
    • Prime Minister – Boyko Borisov, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2009–2013)
  •  Croatia
  •  Cyprus
  •  Czech Republic
  •  Denmark
    • Monarch – Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Lars Løkke Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2009–2011)
      2. Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Prime Minister of Denmark (2011–2015)
  •  Estonia
  •  Finland
  •  France
    • President – Nicolas Sarkozy, President of France (2007–2012)
    • Prime Minister – François Fillon, Prime Minister of France (2007–2012)
  •  Georgia
  •  Germany
    • President – Christian Wulff, Federal President of Germany (2010–2012)
    • Chancellor – Angela Merkel, Federal Chancellor of Germany (2005–2021)
  •  Greece
    • President – Karolos Papoulias, President of Greece (2005–2015)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. George Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (2009–2011)
      2. Lucas Papademos, Prime Minister of Greece (2011–2012)
  •  Hungary
  •  Iceland
  •  Ireland
    • President –
      1. Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–2011)
      2. Michael D. Higgins, President of Ireland (2011–present)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Brian Cowen, Taoiseach of Ireland (2008–2011)
      2. Enda Kenny, Taoiseach of Ireland (2011–2017)
  •  Italy
    • President – Giorgio Napolitano, President of Italy (2006–2015)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Silvio Berlusconi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2008–2011)
      2. Mario Monti, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2011–2013)
  •  Latvia
  •  Liechtenstein
    • Monarch – Hans-Adam II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
    • Regent – Hereditary Prince Alois, Regent of Liechtenstein (2004–present)
    • Prime Minister – Klaus Tschütscher, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2009–2013)
  •  Lithuania
    • President – Dalia Grybauskaitė, President of Lithuania (2009–2019)
    • Prime Minister – Andrius Kubilius, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2008–2012)
  •  Luxembourg
    • Monarch – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
    • Prime Minister – Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–2013)
  •  Macedonia
    • President – Gjorge Ivanov, President of Macedonia (2009–2019)
    • Prime Minister – Nikola Gruevski, President of the Government of Macedonia (2006–2016)
  •  Malta
  •  Moldova
  •  Monaco
    • Monarch – Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (2005–present)
    • Prime Minister – Michel Roger, Minister of State of Monaco (2010–2015)
  •  Montenegro
  •  Kingdom of the Netherlands
    • Monarch – Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–2013)
    •  Netherlands (constituent country)
      • Prime Minister – Mark Rutte, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2010–present)
    •  Aruba (constituent country)
    •  Curaçao (constituent country)
    •  Sint Maarten (constituent country)
  •  Norway
    • Monarch – Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
    • Prime Minister – Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway (2005–2013)
  •  Poland
    • President – Bronisław Komorowski, President of Poland (2010–2015)
    • Prime Minister – Donald Tusk, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2007–2014)
  •  Portugal
    • President – Aníbal Cavaco Silva, President of Portugal (2006–2016)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. José Sócrates, Prime Minister of Portugal (2005–2011)
      2. Pedro Passos Coelho, Prime Minister of Portugal (2011–2015)
  •  Romania
  •  Russia
    • President – Dmitry Medvedev, President of Russia (2008–2012)
    • Prime Minister – Vladimir Putin, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2008–2012)
  •  San Marino
  •  Serbia
  •  Slovakia
  •  Slovenia
  •  Spain
    • Monarch – Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–2014)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government of Spain (2004–2011)
      2. Mariano Rajoy, President of the Government of Spain (2011–2018)
  •  Sweden
    • Monarch – Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
    • Prime Minister – Fredrik Reinfeldt, Prime Minister of Sweden (2006–2014)
  •   Switzerland
    • Council – Federal Council of Switzerland [o]
      • Members – Micheline Calmy-Rey (2002–2011; President of Switzerland, 2011), Doris Leuthard (2006–present), Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf (2008–2015), Ueli Maurer (2009–present), Didier Burkhalter (2009–present), Johann Schneider-Ammann (2010–present), and Simonetta Sommaruga (2010–present)
  •  Ukraine
    • President – Viktor Yanukovych, President of Ukraine (2010–2014)
    • Prime Minister – Mykola Azarov, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2010–2014)
  •  United Kingdom
  •   Vatican City
    • Monarch – Pope Benedict XVI, Sovereign of Vatican City (2005–2013)
    • Head of Government –
      1. Cardinal Giovanni Lajolo, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (2006–2011)
      2. Cardinal Giuseppe Bertello, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (2011–2021)
    • Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
      • Secretary of State – Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, Cardinal Secretary of State (2006–2013)

North America[]

Oceania[]

  •  American Samoa (unorganised, unincorporated territory of the United States)
    • Governor – Togiola Tulafono, Governor of American Samoa (2003–2013)
  •  Australia
    • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
    • Governor-General – Quentin Bryce, Governor-General of Australia (2008–2014)
    • Prime Minister – Julia Gillard, Prime Minister of Australia (2010–2013)
    •  Christmas Island (external territory of Australia)
      • Administrator – Brian Lacy, Administrator of Christmas Island (2009–2012)
      • Shire-President –
        1. Gordon Thomson, Shire president of Christmas Island (2003–2011)
        2. , Shire president of Christmas Island (2011–2013)
    •  Cocos (Keeling) Islands (external territory of Australia)
      • Administrator – Brian Lacy, Administrator of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2009–2012)
      • Shire-President –
        1. , Shire president of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2009–2011)
        2. , Shire president of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2011–2015)
    •  Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
      • Administrator – Owen Walsh, Administrator of Norfolk Island (2007–2012)
      • Chief Minister – David Buffett, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (2010–2013)
  •  Fiji
    • President – Ratu Epeli Nailatikau, President of Fiji (2009–2015)
    • Prime Minister – Frank Bainimarama, Prime Minister of Fiji (2007–present)
  •   French Polynesia (overseas collectivity of France)
    • High Commissioner –
      1. Adolphe Colrat, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2008–2011)
      2. , Acting High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2011)
      3. Richard Didier, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2011–2012)
    • President –
      1. Gaston Tong Sang, President of French Polynesia (2009–2011)
      2. Oscar Temaru, President of French Polynesia (2011–2013)
  •  Guam (insular area of the United States)
    • Governor –
      1. Felix Perez Camacho, Governor of Guam (2003–2011)
      2. Eddie Baza Calvo, Governor of Guam (2011–2019)
  •  Kiribati
    • President – Anote Tong, President of Kiribati (2003–2016)
  •  Marshall Islands
    • President – Jurelang Zedkaia, President of the Marshall Islands (2009–2012)
  •  Micronesia
    • President – Manny Mori, President of Micronesia (2007–2015)
  •  Nauru
  •   New Caledonia (sui generis collectivity of France)
  •  New Zealand
    • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
    • Governor-General –
      1. Sir Anand Satyanand, Governor-General of New Zealand (2006–2011)
      2. Dame Sian Elias, Administrator of the Government of New Zealand (2011)
      3. Sir Jerry Mateparae, Governor-General of New Zealand (2011–2016)
    • Prime Minister – John Key, Prime Minister of New Zealand (2008–2016)
    •  Cook Islands (associated state of New Zealand)
    •  Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
      • Premier – Toke Talagi, Premier of Niue (2008–present)
    •  Tokelau (dependent territory of New Zealand)
      • Administrator –
        1. John Allen, Acting Administrator of Tokelau (2009–2011)
        2. Jonathan Kings, Administrator of Tokelau (2011–2015)
      • Head of Government –
        1. Kuresa Nasau, Head of Government of Tokelau (2010–2011)
        2. Foua Toloa, Head of Government of Tokelau (2011–2012)
  •  Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth of the United States)
    • Governor – Benigno Fitial, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2006–2013)
  •  Palau
  •  Papua New Guinea
    • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
    • Governor-General –
      1. Sir Michael Ogio, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (2010–2011)
      2. Jeffrey Nape, Acting Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (2011)
      3. Sir Michael Ogio, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (2011–2017)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Sam Abal, Acting Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2010–2011)
      2. Sir Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2011)
      3. Sam Abal, Acting Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2011)
      4. Peter O'Neill, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2011–2019)
      • Sir Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (claimant, 2011–2012)
  •  Pitcairn Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
    • Governor – Victoria Treadell, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2010–2014)
    • Mayor – Mike Warren, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2008–2013)
  •  Samoa
  •  Solomon Islands
    • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
    • Governor-General – Sir Frank Kabui, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (2009–2019)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Danny Philip, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2010–2011)
      2. Gordon Darcy Lilo, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2011–2014)
  •  Tonga
    • Monarch – George Tupou V, King of Tonga (2006–2012)
    • Prime Minister – Sialeʻataongo Tuʻivakanō, Prime Minister of Tonga (2010–2014)
  •  Tuvalu
  •  Vanuatu
    • President – Iolu Abil, President of Vanuatu (2009–2014)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Sato Kilman, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2010–2011) [q]
      2. Serge Vohor, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2011)
      3. Sato Kilman, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2011)
      4. Edward Natapei, Acting Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2011)
      5. Sato Kilman, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2011–2013)
  •   Wallis and Futuna (overseas collectivity of France)
    • Administrator – Michel Jeanjean, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2010–2013)
    • Head of Government –
      1. , President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2010–2011)
      2. Pesamino Taputai, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2011–2012)

South America[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Eritrea only became independent in 1993.
  2. ^ In 2005–11, Mayardit was president of the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region.
  3. ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
  4. ^ Brunei only became independent in 1984.
  5. ^ Hun Sen was titled Second Prime Minister in 1993–98.
  6. ^ In 2005–10, the three-member Presidency Council was head of state collectively—whilst Talabani held his position as President amongst the entity.
  7. ^ Kazakhstan only became independent in 1991.
  8. ^ The position of Chairman of the National Defence Commission was declared to be the highest office of state by the constitution that came into effect in 1998.
  9. ^ Uzbekistan only became independent in 1991.
  10. ^ Saleh was president of North Yemen until 1990.
  11. ^ During the informal suspension of Saleh from 23 November.
  12. ^ Transnistria only declared independence in 1991.
  13. ^ Montenegro only became independent in 2006.
  14. ^ Serbia only became independent in 2006.
  15. ^ The seven-member Swiss Federal Council is head of state and government collectively. As a party to the Council, the president serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
  16. ^ His title changed from Chief Minister to Premier on 27 September.
  17. ^ Kilman was elected by Parliament in 2010, then ousted in a vote of no confidence on 24 April and succeeded by former Minister Vohor from the preceding cabinet (also hitherto leading the second-largest party in Opposition). On 13 May, the Vanuatuan Court of Appeal annulled the election of Vohor on the grounds of a constitutional irregularity and reinstated Kilman. However, come June the premiership of Kilman was itself voided by the Supreme Court, due to a constitutional irregularity in his initial election in December. Natapei, the most recent lawfully-elected PM—in 2008—then served briefly as Acting Prime Minister until Parliament re-elected Kilman later that month. Legally the respective terms in office of both Kilman and Vohor between 2010 and 26 June have been declared null and void, as it was retroactively established that they were not lawfully holding office during that time.

External links[]

  • Rulers—a list of rulers throughout time and places
  • WorldStatesmen—an online encyclopedia of the leaders of nations and territories
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