List of the prehistoric life of Virginia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This list of the prehistoric life of Virginia contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Virginia.

Precambrian[]

The Paleobiology Database records no known occurrences of Precambrian fossils in Virginia.

Paleozoic[]

Selected Paleozoic taxa of Virginia[]

  • Acmarhachis
  • Amplexopora
  • Ampyx
  • Fossils of the Carboniferous-Permian bryozoan Archimedes
    Archimedes
  • Arthrorhachis
  • Athyris
    • Athyris lamellosa
  • Atrypa
  • Aulopora
  • Aviculopecten
  • Bassleroceras
  • Bellerophon
    • Bellerophon spergensis – tentative report
  • Bimuria
  • Blountiella
  • Life restoration of the Late Devonian placoderm fish Bothriolepis
    Bothriolepis
  • Bumastus
    • Bumastus lioderma – or unidentified comparable form
  • Callixylon
  • Calymene
  • Calyptaulax
  • Camarotoechia
    • Camarotoechia contracta
  • Campbelloceras
  • Cardiopteris
  • Ceratocephala
  • Ceratopsis
  • Ceraurinella – type locality for genus
  • Ceraurus
  • Chasmatopora
  • Chonetes
    • Chonetes chesterensis
    • Chonetes novascoticus
  • Christiania
  • Assemblage of fossilized shells of the Ordovician brachiopod Cincinnetina
    Cincinnetina
    • Cincinnetina meeki
    • Cincinnetina multisecta
  • Clarkoceras – tentative report
  • Cleiothyridina
    • Cleiothyridina sublamellosa – or unidentified comparable form
  • Climacograptus
  • Coleoloides
  • Columnaria
  • Composita
    • Composita subquadrata – or unidentified comparable form
  • Conocardium
  • Constellaria
  • Coosia
  • Coosina
  • Cornulites
    • Cornulites flexuosus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Craniops
  • Crepicephalus
  • Cryptophragmus
  • Restoration of the Cambrian-Middle Devonian nautiloid cephalopod Cyrtoceras
    Cyrtoceras
  • Cyrtospirifer
  • Cystodictya
    • Cystodictya lineata
  • Dakeoceras
  • Dalmanites – or unidentified comparable form
  • Diplograptus
  • Echinosphaerites
  • Encrinuroides
  • Eophacops
  • Epiphyton
  • Illustration with inset cross-section diagrams of the Cambrian sponge Ethmophyllum
    Ethmophyllum
  • Favosites
  • Fletcheria – tentative report
  • Flexicalymene
    • Flexicalymene senaria
  • Foerstia
  • Girvanella
  • Glauconome
  • Gonioceras
  • Hallopora
  • Helcionella
  • Heliomeroides
  • Hemithecella – type locality for genus
  • Holia
  • Holopea
  • Homagnostus
  • Hyolithellus
  • Hyolithes
  • Hypseloconus
  • Illaenus
  • Fossil of the Middle-Late Ordovician giant trilobite Isotelus.
    Isotelus
    • Isotelus maximus
  • Kingstonia
  • Kionoceras
  • Komaspidella
  • Kootenia
  • Krausella
  • Kutorgina
  • Labyrinthus
  • Latouchella
  • Restoration of the Carboniferous-Late Triassic club moss relative Lepidodendron. (1911).
    Lepidodendron
  • Levisoceras
  • Lingula
  • Lingulella – tentative report
  • Llanoaspis
  • Lonchodomas
  • Maryvillia
  • Meteoraspis
  • Michelinoceras
  • Microplasma
  • Miraspis
  • Naticopsis
  • Niobe
  • Nisusia
  • Nucula
  • Odontopleura
  • Olenellus
  • Olenoides
  • Orthoceras
  • Oulodus
  • Ozarkodina
  • Pagetia
  • Paractinoceras
  • Paterina
  • Pemphigaspis
  • Fossilized theca of the Carboniferous blastoid echinoderm ("sea bud") Pentremites
    Pentremites
  • Phillipsia
  • Phragmolites
  • Phylloporina
  • Pinna
  • Plaesiomys
  • Platyceras
  • Platystrophia
  • Plectoceras
  • Posidonia
  • Proetus
  • Protobarinophyton
  • Raymondaspis
  • Fossil of the Early Ordovician-Permian benthic alga Receptaculites
    Receptaculites
  • Remopleurides
  • Rhodea
  • Rothpletzella
  • Salterella
  • Siphonodella
  • Skenidioides
  • Solemya
  • Solenopora
    • Solenopora compacta
  • Sowerbyella
  • Spathognathodus
  • Sphaerexochus
  • Sphaerocoryphe
  • Spirifer
  • Spyroceras
  • Strophomena
    • Strophomena filitexta
    • Strophomena incurvata
  • Subligaculum
  • Subulites
  • Syringopora
  • Assemblage of fossilized shells of the Early Ordovician-Late Devonian probable mollusc Tentaculites
    Tentaculites
  • Terranovella
  • Tetradium
  • Tricrepicephalus
  • Trinodus
  • Trypanites
  • Wilkingia

Mesozoic[]

  • – or unidentified comparable form
  • Agrestipus – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • Amblydactylus
  • Anchisauripus
  • Fossil (right) of the Early Jurassic dinosaur footprint ichnogenus Anomoepus
    Anomoepus
  • – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • Aquia – type locality for genus
  • Aquia
    • – type locality for species
  • Aralia
  • Araucarites
    • – or unidentified comparable form
  • Athrotaxis
    • – or unidentified comparable form
  • Atreipus
  • Boreogomphodon – type locality for genus
    • Boreogomphodon jeffersoni – type locality for species
  • Brachyphyllum
  • Brenneria – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • Fossil of the sauropod dinosaur footprint ichnogenus Brontopodus
    Brontopodus
  • Caririchnium
  • – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • Chirotherium
    • Chirotherium lulli
  • Cladophlebis
    • Cladophlebis constricta
  • Crudia
    • – type locality for species
    • – type locality for species
  • Dicranopteris
  • Diplurus
  • Life restoration of the Late Triassic reptile Doswellia
    Doswellia – type locality for genus
    • Doswellia kaltenbachi – type locality for species
  • Drewria
    • – or unidentified comparable form
  • – or unidentified related form
  • Equisetites
  • Equisetum
    • – or unidentified comparable form
  • Fossils of the large theropod dinosaur footprint ichnogenus Eubrontes
    Eubrontes
    • Eubrontes giganteus
  • Eucommiidites
  • Euscolosuchus – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • Negative footprint of G. cuneatus showing skin impressions
    Grallator
  • Gregaripus
  • Gwyneddichnium
  • Gypsichnites
  • Kayentapus
  • – or unidentified related form
  • Landonia
    • – or unidentified comparable form
    • – or unidentified comparable form
  • Electron micrograph of fossilized teeth from the Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous freshwater shark Lissodus
    Lissodus
  • Megalosauropus
    • – type locality for species
    • – or unidentified comparable form
  • Neocalamites
    • – or unidentified comparable form
  • Onychopsis
  • Ornithomimipus
  • Fossil of the Permian-Late Cretaceous fern Osmundites
    Osmundites
  • – or unidentified related form
  • Pecopteris
  • Phlebopteris
    • – or unidentified comparable form
    • – type locality for species
  • Plesiornis
  • Podozamites
    • – type locality for species
  • Pterophyllum
  • Ptycholepis
  • – type locality for genus.[1]
    • – type locality for species[1]
  • Life restoration of the Late Triassic phytosaur Rutiodon
    Rutiodon
    • – or unidentified comparable form
  • Sagenopteris
  • Sanmiguelia – tentative report
  • Sapindopsis
    • – informal
    • – type locality for species
  • Sassafras
  • Fossilized leaf of the Late Cretaceous ginkgo relative Sphenobaiera
    Sphenobaiera
  • Sphenolepis
  • Sphenopteris
  • Ripe fruit capsule and seeds of a living Sterculia, or tropical chestnut
    Sterculia
  • Tetrapodosaurus
  • Thodaya – type locality for genus.[1] Preoccupied.
    • – type locality for species[1]
  • Uatchitodon – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
    • – type locality for species
  • – type locality for genus
    • – type locality for species
  • Fossil of the Early Triassic-Eocene cycad-like frond Zamites
    Zamites
    • Zamites powellii

Cenozoic[]

Selected Cenozoic taxa of Virginia[]

  • Abies
  • Abra
  • Acanthocybium
  • Accipiter
    • Living adult (center) and chick (lower right) Accipiter striatus, or sharp-shinned hawks
      Accipiter striatus
  • Acipenser
  • Acmaea
  • Acteocina
  • Acteon
  • Actinocyclus
  • Actitis – or unidentified comparable form
    • Actitis macularia
  • Adeorbis
  • Aegolius
    • Aegolius acadicus
  • Aequipecten
  • Aetobatus
  • Aetomylaeus
  • Agelaius
    • Agelaius phoeniceus
  • Fossilized skull of the Miocene baleen whale Aglaocetus
    Aglaocetus
  • Aglyptorhynchus
  • Albula
  • Alca
    • Alca torda – or unidentified comparable form
  • Alces – or unidentified comparable form
    • Alces alces
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene pig-nosed turtle Allaeochelys
    Allaeochelys
  • Alnus
  • Alopias
  • Aluterus
  • Ambystoma
  • Amia
  • Ammonia
    • Ammonia tepida
  • Ampelopsis
  • Amyda – or unidentified comparable form
  • Anachis
  • Anadara
  • Anas
    • Anas crecca
    • Anas discors
    • Anas platyrhynchos – or unidentified comparable form
  • Anguilla
  • Anguispira
  • Angulus
  • Anomia
  • Anomotodon
  • A living Anoxypristis cuspidata, or knifetooth sawfish
    Anoxypristis
  • Anthus – or unidentified comparable form
    • Anthus spinoletta
  • Aporrhais
  • Arbacia
  • Archaeohippus
  • Archaeomanta
  • Architectonica
  • Restoration of an Arctodus, or short-faced bear, with a human to scale
    Arctodus
    • Arctodus simus
  • Argobuccinum
  • Argopecten
    • Argopecten gibbus
  • Arius – tentative report
  • Asio
    • Asio flammeus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Astarte
  • Astrangia
    • Astrangia danae
  • Astyris
    • Astyris lunata
  • Athleta
  • Balaena
  • Balaenoptera
  • Fossilized vertebrae of the Pliocene baleen whale Balaenotus
    Balaenotus
  • Balanophyllia
  • Balanus
    • Balanus improvisus
  • Barbatia
  • Barnea
  • Bartramia
    • Bartramia longicauda
  • Basilotritus
  • Betula
  • Bison
    • Bison bison
  • Bittiolum
    • Bittiolum alternatum
  • Blarina
    • Blarina brevicauda
  • ��Bohaskaia – type locality for genus
    • Bohaskaia monodontoides – type locality for species
  • Bolcyrus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Bombycilla
    • Bombycilla cedrorum
  • Bonasa
    • Bonasa umbellus
  • Bootherium
    • Fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene-Holocene bovid Bootherium bombifrons, or Harlan's musk ox.
      Bootherium bombifrons
  • Boreotrophon
  • Bos
    • Bos taurus
  • Bostrycapulus
    • Bostrycapulus aculeatus
  • Botaurus
    • Botaurus lentiginosus
  • Brachidontes
  • Branta
    • Branta bernicla
  • Brevoortia
  • Brychaetus
  • Bubo
    • A living Bubo virginianus, or great horned owl
      Bubo virginianus
  • Buccella
  • Buccinum
    • Buccinum undatum
  • Bucephala
    • Bucephala albeola
  • Bufo
    • Bufo woodhousei
  • Burnhamia
  • Busycon
    • Busycon carica
    • Busycon contrarium
  • Busycotypus
    • Busycotypus canaliculatus
  • Buteo
    • A living Buteo jamaicensis, or red-tailed hawk
      Buteo jamaicensis
    • Buteo lineatus
    • Buteo platypterus
  • Cadulus
  • Caecum
    • Caecum cooperi
  • Caestocorbula
  • Calippus
  • Calliostoma
  • Callippus
  • Callista
  • Calonectris
  • Cambarus
    • Cambarus bartonii – or unidentified comparable form
  • Canarium
  • Cancellaria
  • Cancer
    • Cancer irroratus
  • Canis
    • Skeletons look identical
      Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus, the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus, or dire wolf
      Canis dirus
    • Canis latrans
    • Canis lupus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Cantharus
  • Canthon
  • Capella
    • Capella gallinago
  • Carcharhinus
  • Carcharias
  • Carcharodon
    • Carcharodon hastalis
  • Carditamera
  • Carolinochelys
    • Carolinochelys wilsoni
  • Carphophis
    • Carphophis amoenus
  • Carya
  • Castor
    • Castor canadensis
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene giant beaver Castoroides
    Castoroides
    • Castoroides ohioensis
  • Catharus
  • Catinella
  • Catoptrophorus
    • Catoptrophorus semipalmatus
  • Catostomus
  • Celtis
    • Celtis occidentalis
  • Cerithiopsis
  • Certhia
    • Certhia familiaris
  • Cervalces – tentative report
    • Cervalces scotti
  • Cervus
    • Cervus elaphus
  • Cetorhinus
  • Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene whale Cetotherium
    Cetotherium
  • Chaetura
    • Chaetura pelagica
  • Chama
  • Charadrius
    • Charadrius vociferus
  • Chelydra
    • Chelydra serpentina
  • Chesapecten
    • Shells of the Pliocene scallop Chesapecten jeffersonius
      Chesapecten jeffersonius
  • Chione
    • Chione cancellata
  • Chlamys
  • Chordeiles
    • Chordeiles minor
  • Cibicides
  • Cingula
  • Circulus
  • Cirsotrema
  • Cistothorus
    • Cistothorus platensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Clavus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
  • Clethrionomys
    • Clethrionomys gapperi
  • A living Cliona sponge
    Cliona
  • Coccyzus
  • Colaptes
    • Colaptes auratus
  • Colinus
    • Colinus virginianus
  • Coluber
    • Coluber constrictor
  • Columella
  • Colus
    • Colus pygmaeus
  • Condylura
    • Condylura cristata
  • Contopus
    • Contopus virens
  • Conus
  • Shell of a Corbula basket clam
    Corbula
  • Corvus
    • Corvus brachyrhynchos
  • Cotonopsis
    • Cotonopsis lafresnayi
  • Coupatezia
  • Crassostrea
    • Crassostrea virginica
  • Crepidula
  • Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna
    Cretolamna
    • Cretolamna appendiculata
  • Crocodylus
  • Crotalus
    • Crotalus adamanteus – or unidentified comparable form
    • Crotalus horridus
  • Crucibulum
    • Crucibulum striatum
  • Cryptobranchus
    • A living Cryptobranchus alleganiensis, or hellbender salamander
      Cryptobranchus alleganiensis
  • Cryptogramma
    • Cryptosula pallasiana
  • Cryptotis
    • Cryptotis parva
  • Cucullaea
  • Cumingia
  • Cupuladria
  • Cyanocitta
    • Cyanocitta cristata
  • Cyclocardia
    • Cyclocardia borealis
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene bony fish Cyclopoma
    Cyclopoma
  • Cylichna
  • Cylindracanthus
  • Cymatosyrinx
  • Cynelos
  • Cynoscion
    • Cyrtopleura costata
  • Dasyatis
  • Dasypus
    • Fossilized cranium seen from above and below of the Pleistocene Dasypus bellus, or beautiful armadillo
      Dasypus bellus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Dendrocopos
  • Dendroica – or unidentified comparable form
    • Dendroica coronata
  • Dentalium
  • Dentimargo
    • Dentimargo aureocinctus
  • Desmognathus
  • Diadophis
  • Dicaelus
  • Dinocardium
  • Diodora
  • Diorocetus
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Paleocene-Miocene crocodilian Diplocynodon
    Diplocynodon
  • Discinisca
  • Discoaster
  • Discus
  • Dolicholatirus
  • Dolichonyx – or unidentified comparable form
    • Dolichonyx oryzivorus
  • Donax
    • Shells of Donax variabilis, or coquina
      Donax variabilis
  • Dosinia
  • Dryocopus
    • Dryocopus pileatus
  • Echinocardium
  • Echinorhinus
  • Ecphora
    • Ecphora gardnerae
  • Ectopistes
    • Ectopistes migratorius
  • Egertonia
  • Elaphe
    • Elaphe guttata – or unidentified comparable form
    • Elaphe obsoleta – or unidentified comparable form
  • Electra
  • Elphidium
  • Empidonax
  • Ensis
    • Ensis directus
  • Life restoration of two of the Miocene baleen whale Eobalaenoptera pursued by the giant shark Carcharocles megalodon
    Eobalaenoptera – type locality for genus
    • Eobalaenoptera harrisoni – type locality for species
  • Eosphargis
  • Eosuchus
    • Eosuchus lerichei
  • Epitonium
  • Eptesicus
    • Eptesicus fuscus
  • Equus
    • Equus fraternus
  • Eremophila
    • Eremophila alpestris
  • Erethizon
    • A living Erethizon dorsatum, or North American porcupine
      Erethizon dorsatum
  • Erolia
  • Eschrichtius
    • Eschrichtius robustus
  • Esox
    • Esox americanus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Eulima
  • Eumeces
    • Eumeces laticeps – or unidentified comparable form
  • Eupleura
    • Eupleura caudata
  • Life restoration of the Miocene whale Eurhinodelphis (above)
    Eurhinodelphis
    • Eurhinodelphis longirostris
  • Euspira
  • Eutamias
    • Eutamias minimus
  • Euvola
  • Falco
    • Falco sparverius
  • Felis
    • Felis domesticus
  • Ficus
  • Flabellum
  • Fossarus
  • Fusinus
  • Gadus
  • A living Galeocerdo cuvier, or tiger shark
    Galeocerdo
    • Galeocerdo aduncus
    • Galeocerdo contortus
  • Galeodea
  • Galeorhinus
  • Galerita
    • Galerita bicolor – or unidentified comparable form
  • Gallinula
    • Gallinula chloropus
  • Gari
  • Gastrochaena
  • Gastrocopta
  • Gavia
  • Fossilized skull of the Miocene crocodile relative Gavialosuchus
    Gavialosuchus
  • Gemma
    • Gemma purpurea
  • Genota – or unidentified comparable form
  • Geomys
  • Geukensia
  • Gibbula – tentative report
  • Ginglymostoma
  • Glaucomys
    • A living Glaucomys sabrinus, or northern flying squirrel
      Glaucomys sabrinus
  • Globigerina
  • Globulina
  • Glossus
  • Glycymeris
  • Granulina
  • Grus
    • Grus americana
  • Hadrodelphis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Halichoerus
    • A living Halichoerus grypus, or grey seal
      Halichoerus grypus
  • Hastula
  • Helicodiscus
    • Helicodiscus parallelus
  • Hemipristis
    • Hemipristis serra
  • Heterodontus
  • Hexanchus
  • Hiatella
    • Hiatella arctica
  • Hipponix
  • Fossilized skull of the Eocene tapir-like mammal Homogalax
    Homogalax – or unidentified related form
  • Hydrobia
    • Hydrobia truncata
  • Hydroides
  • Hyla
    • Hyla crucifer – or unidentified comparable form
  • Hylocichla
  • Hyopsodus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Hyposaurus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Icterus – or unidentified comparable form
    • A living Icterus spurius, or orchard oriole
      Icterus spurius
  • Ilyanassa
  • Ischadium
    • Ischadium recurvum
  • Isistius
  • Isognomon
  • Istiophorus
  • Isurus
  • Junco
    • Junco hyemalis
  • Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene dolphin Kentriodon
    Kentriodon
  • Kuphus
  • Kurtziella
    • Kurtziella cerina
  • Lagena
  • Lagopus
    • Lagopus mutus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Lamna
  • Lampropeltis
  • Larus
    • A living Larus hyperboreus, or glaucous gull
      Larus hyperboreus
  • Lasiurus
    • Lasiurus borealis
  • Latirus
  • Lepisosteus
  • Leptophoca
    • Leptophoca lenis
  • Leptoxis
    • Leptoxis carinata
  • Lepus
    • A living Lepus americanus, or snowshoe hare
      Lepus americanus
  • Libinia
    • Libinia dubia
    • Libinia emarginata
  • Limosa – or unidentified comparable form
  • Linga
    • Lingulodinium machaerophorum
  • Litiopa
  • Littoraria
    • Littoraria irrorata
  • Lontra
    • Lontra canadensis
  • Mounted skeleton of a Lophius americanus, or American anglerfish
    Lophius
  • Lophodytes
    • Lophodytes cucullatus
  • Lopholatilus
  • Loxia
  • Lucina
  • Lunatia
  • Lymnaea
  • Lynx
    • A living Lynx rufus, or bobcat
      Lynx rufus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Lyonsia
  • Macoma
    • Macoma balthica
    • Macoma tenta
  • Macrocallista
  • Makaira
    • Makaira nigricans – or unidentified comparable form
  • Mammut
    • Mammut americanum
  • Mammuthus
    • Mammuthus columbi
    • Life restorations of a Mammut americanum, or American mastodon (right), and a Mammuthus primigenius, or wooly mammoth (left)
      Mammuthus primigenius
  • Margaritaria
  • Marginella
  • Marmota
    • Marmota monax
  • Masticophis
    • Masticophis flagellum
  • Megaceryle
    • Megaceryle alcyon
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Megalonyx
    Megalonyx
    • Megalonyx jeffersonii
  • Megalops
  • Megaptera
  • Melanerpes
    • Melanerpes carolinus
    • Melanerpes erythrocephalus
  • Meleagris
    • Meleagris gallopavo
  • Melospiza
    • Melospiza melodia
  • Living Membranipora bryozoan
    Membranipora
  • Mephitis
    • Mephitis mephitis
  • Mercenaria
    • Mercenaria mercenaria
  • Mergus
  • Merychippus
  • Mesocetus
  • Mesoplodon
  • Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene manatee relative Metaxytherium
    Metaxytherium
  • Metopocetus – type locality for genus
  • Microtus
    • Microtus chrotorrhinus
    • Microtus ochrogaster
    • Microtus pennsylvanicus
    • Microtus pinetorum
    • Microtus xanthognathus
  • Mitrella
  • Modiolus
  • Mola
  • Molothrus
    • Molothrus ater
  • Monotherium
    • Monotherium wymani
  • Morus
    • A living Morus bassanus, or northern gannet
      Morus bassanus
  • Moxostoma
  • Mulinia
  • Musculus
  • Mustela
    • Mustela nivalis
    • Mustela richardsonii
  • Mya
    • Mya arenaria
  • Myliobatis
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus
    Mylohyus
    • Mylohyus fossilis
  • Myotis
    • Myotis grisescens
    • Myotis keenii
    • Myotis lucifugus
  • Myriophyllum
  • Mytilus
    • Mytilus edulis
  • Napaeozapus
    • Napaeozapus insignis
  • Nassarius
  • Naticarius
  • Natrix
  • Nebrius
  • Negaprion
  • Neofiber
    • Neopanope texana
  • Neogale
    • Neogale frenata
    • Neogale vison
  • Neotoma
    • Close-up of a Neotoma floridana, or eastern woodrat
      Neotoma floridana
  • Nerodia
    • Nerodia sipedon
  • Neverita
  • Nipa – or unidentified comparable form
  • Niso
  • Nocomis
    • Nocomis raneyi – or unidentified comparable form
  • Notophthalmus
    • Notophthalmus viridescens – or unidentified comparable form
  • Illustration of a living Notorynchus cow shark
    Notorhynchus
  • Notorynchus
  • Noturus
  • Nucula
  • Nyssa
  • Ochotona
  • Ocypode
  • Odobenus
    • Odobenus rosmarus
  • Odocoileus
    • Odocoileus virginianus
  • Odontaspis
  • Illustration of a fossilized partial skull of the Paleocene-Eocene pseudo-toothed bird Odontopteryx
    Odontopteryx – tentative report
  • Odostomia
  • Oliva
    • Oliva sayana
  • Olivella
  • Ondatra
    • Ondatra zibethicus
  • Onthophagus
  • Ontocetus – type locality for genus
    • Ontocetus emmonsi – type locality for species
  • Opheodrys
  • Opsanus
  • Orycterocetus
  • Osteopygis
  • Ostracion
  • Ostrea
    • Ostrea compressirostra
  • Otodus
    • At the top of the picture is a line representing twenty meters. Below this is a gray megalodon silhouette that measures twenty meters, below is a red megalodon silhouette that measures fifteen meters, below is a violet whale shark silhouette that measures ten meters, below is a green great white shark that measures five meters. Standing next to this shark is a black human silhouette that stands two meters.
      Diagram illustrating the largest (grey) and most conservative (red) size estimates of the Miocene-Pliocene shark Carcharocles megalodon (sometimes Carcharodon or Otodus megalodon) with a whale shark (violet), great white shark (green), and anachronistic human (black) to scale
      Otodus megalodon
  • Otus
    • Otus asio
  • Oxyrhina
  • Oxyura
    • Oxyura jamaicensis
  • Pachecoa
  • Palaeophis
  • Palaeorhincodon
  • Palaeosinopa – or unidentified comparable form
  • Pandora
  • Panopea
  • Panopeus
    • Panopeus herbstii
  • Panthera
    • A living Panthera leo, or lion
      Panthera leo
  • Paralbula
  • Parascalops
    • Parascalops breweri
  • Parietobalaena
    • Parietobalaena palmeri
  • Parus
    • Parus bicolor
  • Parvanachis
    • Parvanachis obesa
  • Passerella
    • Passerella iliaca
  • Pecten
  • Pedalion
  • Pedioecetes
    • Pedioecetes phasianellus
  • Pekania
    • Pekania pennanti – or unidentified comparable form
  • Life restoration of the Oligocene-Pleistocene false-toothed bird Pelagornis
    Pelagornis
  • Pelocetus
  • Perimyotis
    • Perimyotis subflavus
  • Perisoreus
    • Perisoreus canadensis
  • Peristernia
  • Peromyscus
    • Peromyscus leucopus
    • Peromyscus maniculatus
  • Petaloconchus
  • Petricola
    • Petricola pholadiformis
  • Petrochelidon
    • Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
  • Phalacrocorax
    • A living Phalacrocorax auritus, or double-crested cormorant
      Phalacrocorax auritus
  • Phenacomys
    • Phenacomys intermedius
    • Phenacomys ungava – or unidentified comparable form
  • Phocageneus – type locality for genus
  • Pholadomya
  • Pholas
  • Phyllodus
  • Physa
    • Physa heterostropha
  • Physogaleus
    • Physogaleus contortus
  • Phytolacca
  • Pica
    • A living Pica pica Eurasian magpie
      Pica pica
  • Picea
  • Pinguinus
    • Pinguinus impennis
  • Pinicola – or unidentified comparable form
    • Pinicola enucleator
  • Pinus
  • Pipistrellus
    • Pipistrellus subflavus
  • Piranga
  • Pisania
  • Pisidium
  • Pitar
  • Placopecten
  • Restoration of a herd of alarmed Miocene-Pleistocene peccaries of the genus Platygonus. Charles R. Knight (1922).
    Platygonus
    • Platygonus compressus
  • Plecotus
    • Plecotus townsendii – or unidentified comparable form
  • Pleuromeris
  • Plicatula
    • Plicatula gibbosa
  • Pluvialis
    • Pluvialis dominica
  • Podiceps
    • Podiceps auritus
  • Podilymbus
    • A living Podilymbus podiceps, or pied-billed grebe
      Podilymbus podiceps
  • Pogonias
  • Polinices
  • Polydora
  • Polygonum
  • Pomatiopsis
  • Pooecetes
    • Pooecetes gramineus
  • Porzana
    • Porzana carolina
  • Potamogeton
  • Prionodon
  • Prionotus
  • Pristis
  • Procamelus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Procolpochelys
  • Procyon
    • Procyon lotor
  • Prolates
  • Protautoga
  • Prunum
    • Prunum roscidum
  • Psammechinus
  • Psephophorus
  • Pseudochama
  • Pseudoliva
  • Pseudotorinia
  • Pteria
  • Pteromeris
  • Pteromylaeus
  • Ptychosalpinx
  • Puppigerus
  • Pycnodonte
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene bony fish Pycnodus
    Pycnodus
  • Quercus
  • Quinqueloculina
  • Raja
  • Rallus
    • Rallus limicola
  • Rana
    • Rana catesbianalapsus calami of Rana catesbeiana
    • Rana clamitans – or unidentified comparable form
    • Rana palustris
    • Rana pipiens
    • Rana sylvatica – or unidentified comparable form
  • Rangia
  • Rangifer
    • A living Rangifer tarandus, or reindeer
      Rangifer tarandus
  • Ranzania
  • Retinella
  • Retusa
    • Retusa obtusa
  • Rhinobatos
  • Rhinoptera
  • Rosalina
  • Rostellaria
  • Sarda
  • Sayornis
    • Sayornis phoebe
  • Scalopus
    • Scalopus aquaticus
  • Scaphella
  • Scaphiopus
    • Scaphiopus holbrooki
  • Sceloporus
    • Sceloporus undulatus
  • Sceptrum
  • Fossilized skull of the Miocene toothed whale Schizodelphis
    Schizodelphis
  • Schizoporella
  • Sciaenops
    • Sciaenops ocellatus
  • Sciaenurus – or unidentified comparable form
  • Sciurus
    • Sciurus carolinensis
  • Scolopax
    • A living Scolopax minor, or American woodcock
      Scolopax minor
  • Scomberomorus
  • Scombrinus
  • Scyliorhinus
  • Seila
  • Seiurus
  • Semele
  • Semotilus
    • Semotilus corporalis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Serpulorbis
  • Fossilized teeth of the Cretaceous-Eocene shark Serratolamna
    Serratolamna
    • Serratolamna lerichei
  • Sialia – or unidentified comparable form
    • Sialia sialis
  • Sinum
  • Sitta
    • Sitta canadensis
  • Solemya
    • Solemya velum
  • Solen
  • Solenosteira
    • Solenosteira cancellaria
  • Sorex
    • Sorex arcticus
    • Sorex cinereus
    • Sorex dispar
    • Sorex fumeus
    • Sorex hoyi
    • A living Sorex palustris, or American water shrew
      Sorex palustris
  • Spatangus
  • Spermophilus
    • Spermophilus tridecemlineatus
  • Sphaerium
  • Sphyraena
  • Sphyrapicus
    • Sphyrapicus varius
  • Sphyrna
  • Spilogale
    • Spilogale putorius
  • Spisula
  • Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene shark-toothed dolphin Squalodon
    Squalodon
    • Squalodon calvertensis
  • Squalus
  • Squatina
  • Stenotrema
  • Stewartia
  • Storeria
  • Striatolamia
  • Strioterebrum
  • Shell of a Strobilops land snail
    Strobilops
  • Strombiformis
  • Sturnella – or unidentified comparable form
  • Sveltia – or unidentified comparable form
  • Syllomus
  • Sylvilagus
    • Sylvilagus transitionalis
  • Symplocos
  • Synaptomys
    • Synaptomys cooperi
  • Tagelus
  • Tamias
    • Tamias striatus
  • Tamiasciurus
    • Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
  • A living Tapirus, or tapir
    Tapirus
    • Tapirus veroensis
  • Tautoga
    • Tautoga onitis
  • Tectonatica
  • Teinostoma
  • Tellina
  • Terebra
  • Teredo
  • Terrapene
    • Terrapene carolina
  • Textularia
  • Thamnophis
    • Thamnophis sirtalis
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene gavial relative Thecachampsa
    Thecachampsa
    • Thecachampsa antiqua
  • Thoracosaurus
  • Thracia
  • Thuja
    • Thuja occidentalis
  • Thunnus
  • Tilia
  • Toxostoma
    • Toxostoma rufum
  • Triakis
  • Trigonostoma
  • Tringa – or unidentified comparable form
    • Tringa solitaria
  • Triodopsis
  • Triphora
  • Trochita
    • Trochita trochiformis
  • Trox
  • Tsuga
    • Tsuga canadensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • Tucetona
  • Turbonilla
  • Turdus
    • A living Turdus migratorius, or American robin
      Turdus migratorius
  • Turritella
  • Uria
    • Uria aalge
  • Urosalpinx
    • Urosalpinx cinerea
  • Ursus
    • Ursus americanus
  • Vallonia
    • Vallonia costata
  • Valvata
  • Venericardia
  • Vermetus
  • Vertigo
  • Vitis
  • Vitrinella
  • Voltaconger
  • Voluta
  • Volutifusus
  • Vulpes
  • Xenophora
  • Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene whale Xiphiacetus
    Xiphiacetus
  • Yoldia
  • Zapus
    • Zapus hudsonius
  • Zonotrichia
    • Zonotrichia albicollis

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Else Marie Friis; Peter R. Crane; Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen (2019). "Chlamydospermous seeds document the diversity and abundance of extinct gnetalean relatives in Early Cretaceous vegetation". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 180 (7): 643–666. doi:10.1086/704356.
Retrieved from ""