List of tornadoes striking downtown areas of large cities
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This article is a list of tornadoes that have impacted the central business district (downtown or city center) of a large city (that is, one having at least 50,000 people, not counting suburbs or outlying communities, at the time of the storm).
It is a common myth that tornadoes do not strike downtown areas. The odds are much lower due to the small areas covered, but paths can go anywhere, including over downtown areas. St. Louis, Missouri has taken a direct hit four times in less than a century.[1] Many of the tornadoes listed were extremely destructive or caused numerous casualties, and the occurrence of a catastrophic event somewhere is inevitable.[2]
This list is not exhaustive (listing every single tornado that has struck a downtown area or central business district of any city), as it may never be known if a tornado struck a downtown area, or if it was just a microburst (powerful downward and outward gush of wind, which cause damage from straight-line winds), particularly for older events or from areas with limited information. Downbursts often accompany intense tornadoes, extending damage across a wider area than the tornado path. When a tornado strikes a city, it is occasionally very difficult to determine whether it was a tornadic event at all or if the affected area was indeed the "downtown", "city center", or "central business district" consisting of very high population density and mid to high-rises, as opposed to other heavily urbanized/built-up parts of the city or suburbs. It is sometimes also difficult to determine tornadoes that strike urban cores before 1950, when tornado records (particularly in the US) started to be consistently logged with detail. Before this, lack of details on information from the events, as well as that most cities were far smaller in area and population complicate the record.
For the list of cities that are not listed here for certain reasons, see below.
North America[]
Note: The F-Scale was superseded by the EF scale in the U.S. on February 1, 2007, and in Canada on April 1, 2013
For tornadoes and cities in: United States, Canada, Mexico, Bahamas, Cuba, Central America, and The Caribbean
F#/EF# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
F3 | St. Louis, Missouri[1][3] | March 8, 1871 | 9 | 1871 St. Louis tornado |
F3 | Chicago, Illinois[4] | May 6, 1876 | 2 | |
F2 | Kansas City, Missouri[1][5] | May 13, 1883 | 3 | |
F2 | Washington, D.C.[1][6][7][8][9] | September 16, 1888 | 0 | |
F2 | St. Louis, Missouri[citation needed] | January 12, 1890 | 4 | Tornado history of St. Louis |
F4 | Louisville, Kentucky[1] | March 27, 1890 | 76 | March 1890 middle Mississippi Valley tornado outbreak |
F4 | St. Louis, Missouri[1] | May 27, 1896 | 255 | 1896 St. Louis–East St. Louis tornado |
F3 | Saint Paul, Minnesota[10] | August 20, 1904 | 3 | |
F4 | Omaha, Nebraska[11] | March 23, 1913 | 103 | March 1913 tornado outbreak sequence#Omaha tornado |
F3 | Miami, Florida[12][13][14][15][16] | April 5, 1925 | 5 | 1925 Miami tornado |
F3 | Indianapolis, Indiana[1] | May 18, 1927 | 2 | |
F3 | St. Louis, Missouri[citation needed] | September 29, 1927 | 72–79+ | 1927 St. Louis–East St. Louis tornado |
F3 | Nashville, Tennessee[1][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] | March 14, 1933 | 15 | March 1933 Nashville tornado outbreak |
F4 | Greensboro, North Carolina[25] | April 2, 1936 | 14 | 1936 Cordele–Greensboro tornado outbreak |
F2 | Charleston, South Carolina[1][26] | September 29, 1938 | 27 | |
F2 | Little Rock, Arkansas[27] | March 26, 1950 | 0 (7 injured) | |
F2 | Jackson, Mississippi[28] | March 27, 1950 | 0 (7 injured) | |
F2 | Jackson, Mississippi[29] | March 27, 1950 | 0 (6 injured) | |
F3 | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma[30] | April 30, 1951 | 0 | |
F2 | Gary, Indiana[31] | November 13, 1951 | 0 | |
F5 | Waco, Texas[1] | May 11, 1953 | 114 | 1953 Waco tornado outbreak |
F3 | Evansville, Indiana[32] | November 15, 1955 | 0 (9 injuries) | November 15–16, 1955 tornado outbreak |
F2 | Indianapolis, IN[33] | November 15, 1955 | 0 (2 injuries) | November 15–16, 1955 tornado outbreak |
F4 | Flint, Michigan[34] | May 12, 1956 | 3 | |
F4 | Lubbock, Texas[35] | April 21, 1957 | 0 (6 injuries) | |
F2 | Lubbock, Texas[36] | April 21, 1957 | 0 | |
F4 | St. Louis, Missouri[1] | February 10, 1959 | 21 | St. Louis tornado outbreak of February 1959 |
F2 | Green Bay, Wisconsin[37] | May 10, 1959 | 0 (3 injuries) | |
F3 | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma[38] | April 28, 1960 | 0 (57 injuries) | Oklahoma tornado outbreak of 1960 |
F5 | Wichita Falls, Texas[39] | April 3, 1964 | 7 | |
F3 | Fort Lauderdale, Florida[40] | February 23, 1965 | 0 (6 injuries) | February 1965 South Florida tornado outbreak |
F5 | Topeka, Kansas[41][42] | June 8, 1966 | 16 | 1966 Topeka tornado |
F5 | Lubbock, Texas[1][43] | May 11, 1970 | 28 | 1970 Lubbock tornado |
F2 | Shreveport, Louisiana[1] | April 17, 1978 | 0 | |
F4 | Shreveport/Bossier City, Louisiana[1] | December 3, 1978 | 2 | 1978 Bossier City tornado outbreak |
F3 | Kalamazoo, Michigan[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] | May 13, 1980 | 5 | 1980 Kalamazoo tornado |
F2 | Long Beach, California[54] | November 9, 1982 | 0 | |
F2 | Los Angeles, California[55] | March 1, 1983 | 0 (30 injured) | |
F1 | Toronto, Ontario[56] | August 14, 1984 | 0 | |
F3 | Denver, Colorado[57] | June 15, 1988 | 0 | |
F2 | Panama City, Panama[58] | July 6, 1992 | 12 (50 injured) | 1992 Panama City tornado |
F1 | Houston, Texas[1][59] | November 21, 1992 | 0 (26 injured) | November 1992 tornado outbreak |
F0 | San Antonio, Texas[60] | March 27, 1994 | 0 | |
F3 | Fort Smith, Arkansas | April 21, 1996 | 3 (89 injured) | |
F1 | Miami, Florida[1][61][62] | May 12, 1997 | 0 | 1997 Miami tornado |
F3 | Detroit, Michigan/Windsor, Ontario, Canada[63][64][65][66][67][68][69] | July 2, 1997 | 0 (90 injuries) | 1997 Southeast Michigan tornado outbreak |
F3 | Nashville, Tennessee[1][70][71] | April 16, 1998 | 1 | 1998 Nashville tornado outbreak |
F1 | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania[72] | June 2, 1998 | 0 | |
F0 | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania[73] | January 18, 1999 | 0 | |
F3 | Little Rock, Arkansas[1][74] | January 21, 1999 | 2 | January 21–23, 1999 tornado outbreak#Little Rock, Arkansas tornadoes |
F3 | Clarksville, Tennessee[75] | January 22, 1999 | 0 (5 injured) | January 21–23, 1999 tornado outbreak |
F2 | Hull, Canada | May 8, 1999 | 0 (6 injured)[76] | List of 1999 Oklahoma Tornado Outbreak tornadoes |
F2 | Salt Lake City, Utah[1][77][78] | August 11, 1999 | 1 | 1999 Salt Lake City tornado |
F3 | Fort Worth, Texas[1][79][80][81][82][83][84] | March 28, 2000 | 2 | 2000 Fort Worth tornado |
F2 | Guelph, Ontario[85] | July 17, 2000 | 0 | 2000 Guelph tornadoes |
F0 | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma[86] | October 22, 2000 | 0 | |
F4 | Jackson, Tennessee[87] | May 4, 2003 | 11 | 2003 Jackson, TN Tornado #1 |
F0 | Jacksonville, Florida[88] | August 12, 2004 | 0 | Tropical Storm Bonnie |
F0 | Louisville, Kentucky[89][90] | April 22, 2005 | 0 | |
F1 | New Orleans, Louisiana[91] | February 2, 2006 | 0 | Tornadoes of 2006#February 2, also struck Louis Armstrong Airport |
F2 | Iowa City, Iowa[92] | April 13, 2006 | 0 | Easter Week 2006 Tornado Outbreak Sequence |
F1 | Newmarket, Ontario[93] | July 17, 2006 | 0 | Heat wave of 2006 derecho series |
F0 | Chicago, Illinois[94] | September 22, 2006 | 0 | Late-September 2006 tornado outbreak |
EF2 | New Orleans/Kenner, Louisiana[95] | February 13, 2007 | 1 | Tornadoes of 2007#February 12–13 |
EF0 | St. Louis, Missouri[96] | March 31, 2007 | 0 | Late-March 2007 tornado outbreak |
EF2 | Brooklyn, New York[97] | August 8, 2007 | 0 | 2007 Brooklyn tornado |
EF1 | Des Moines, Iowa[1] | October 2, 2007 | 0 | Tornadoes of 2007#October 2 |
EF1 | Pensacola, Florida[98] | October 18, 2007 | 0 | Mid-October 2007 tornado outbreak |
EF1 | Springfield, Missouri[99] | January 8, 2008 | 0 | January 2008 tornado outbreak sequence |
EF2 | Atlanta, Georgia[1][100] | March 14, 2008 | 1 | 2008 Atlanta tornado outbreak |
EF1 | Springfield, Missouri[101] | February 10, 2009 | 0 | February 2009 tornado outbreak |
EF2 | Shreveport, Louisiana[1][102][103] | April 9, 2009 | 0 | April 2009 tornado outbreak |
EF2 | Columbus, Georgia[104][105] | April 19, 2009 | 0 | April 2009 tornado outbreak |
F0 | Windsor, Ontario[106][107] | April 25, 2009 | 0 | Tornadoes of 2009#April 25–26 (United States and Canada) |
EF0 | Minneapolis, Minnesota[1][108] | August 19, 2009 | 0 | |
EF2 | Shreveport, Louisiana[109] | October 29, 2009 | 0 (3 injuries) | |
EF2 | Huntsville, Alabama[1][110] | January 21, 2010 | 0 | |
EF1 | Bridgeport, Connecticut[111] | June 24, 2010 | 0 | |
EF1 | Nashville, Tennessee[112] | July 26, 2010 | 0 | |
EF1 | Queens, New York[113] | September 16, 2010 | 1 | 2010 Brooklyn/Queens tornadoes |
EF3 | Raleigh, North Carolina[1][114] | April 16, 2011 | 6 | Tornado outbreak of April 14–16, 2011 |
EF2 | La Crosse, Wisconsin[115] | May 22, 2011 | 0 | Tornado outbreak sequence of May 21–26, 2011 |
EF3 | Springfield, Massachusetts[116] | June 1, 2011 | 3 (200 injured) | 2011 New England tornado outbreak |
EF1 | Norman, Oklahoma | April 13, 2012 | 0 (20 injured) | Tornado outbreak of April 13–16, 2012 |
EF1 | Hampton, Virginia[citation needed] | June 1, 2012 | 0 | Tornadoes of 2012#June 1 |
EF0 | Tampa, Florida[117] | February 26, 2013 | 0 | |
EF2 | Revere, Massachusetts[118] | July 28, 2014 | 0 | |
EF0 | Fort Lauderdale, Florida | April 10, 2018 | 0 | |
EF1 | Shreveport/Bossier City, Louisiana | April 14, 2018 | 1 | Tornado outbreak and blizzard of April 13–15, 2018 |
EF3 | Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (Gatineau)[119] | September 21, 2018 | 30 injured | 2018 United States–Canada tornado outbreak |
EF2 | San Angelo, Texas[120][121] | May 18, 2019 | 0 | Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2019 |
EF3 | Nashville, Tennessee | March 3, 2020 | 5 (220 injured) | Tornado outbreak of March 2–3, 2020 |
EF3 | Jonesboro, Arkansas[122][123][124] | March 28, 2020 | 0 (22 injured) | 2020 Jonesboro Tornado |
EF1 | Suffolk, Virginia[125] | August 4, 2020 | 0 | Hurricane Isaias tornado outbreak |
EF0 | New Orleans, Louisiana[126] | May 12, 2021 | 0 | |
EF1 | Arlington, Virginia / Washington, D.C.[127] | July 1, 2021 | 0 (1 injured) |
South America[]
South America has no default tornado strength measurement system, so the storms here will be listed using the Fujita Scale.
F# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
F4 | Encarnación, Paraguay[citation needed] | September 20, 1926 | 300 (700 injured) | Violent tornado demolished buildings and houses of the port and city center; categorized as F4 or F5. It is one of the deadliest tornadoes recorded in the world. |
F2 | Mar del Plata, Argentina | April 13, 1993 | 2 (60 injured) | There were more than 300 tornadoes that night along central Argentina. Located within the Corridor of the Tornadoes, this event was the largest tornado outbreak recorded in the Southern Hemisphere in the twentieth century. The most affected locations were Henderson (F3), Urdampilleta (F3) and Mar del Plata (F2).[128] |
F? | Santo Tomé, Santa Fe, Argentina[citation needed] | February 13, 1999 | 5 (47 injured) | |
F3 | Guernica and Glew, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina[citation needed] | January 10, 2001 | 5 (200 injured) | |
F? | Santo Tomé, Santa Fe, Argentina[citation needed] | December 15, 2003 | 5 (50 injured) | |
F3 | Córdoba, Argentina, Argentina[citation needed] | December 26, 2003 | 5 (100 injured) | 400 houses and 1000 trees were damaged or destroyed in this F3 tornado (which lasted for 24 minutes and swept three neighborhoods, making it the longest lived tornado in the Southern Hemisphere). |
F4 | São Paulo, Brazil | May 24, 2004 | 1 (11 injured) | The destruction path of the tornado extended for approximately 15 km, with a width of up to 200 m, with several motor cars being overturned, roofs, concrete walls and pillars demolished, electricity lines interrupted, as well as 20 railroad cars having been pushed off their tracks. |
F2 | Chivilcoy, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina[129] | January 7, 2006 | 1 (9 injured) | |
F1 | Campinas and Piracicaba, Brazil | 2006 | 0 | In 2006, Campinas (SP) and Piracicaba (SP) were affected by the phenomenon. The speed of the tornado reached 106 kilometers per hour in the first town and 158 kilometers per hour on Monday, as balance of the Center for Weather and Climate Research Applied to Agriculture (Cepagri). |
F2 | Barranquilla, Colombia[129] | September 15, 2006 | (13 injured) | Damaging tornado that was followed by severe flash flooding. |
F1 | Bogotá, Colombia[130] | November 6, 2007 | (1 injured) | Roofs were torn off buildings, including a car dealership. Windows were blown out and trees were uprooted. |
F0 | Buenos Aires, Argentina[citation needed] | March 1, 2008 | 0 | Two strong waterspouts over La Plata River. |
F3 | Buenos Aires, Argentina[citation needed] | April 4, 2012 | 27 (900 injured) | A severe storm system of bow echo gave rise to four tornadoes: two of F1, one of F2 and one of F3 intensity affecting the west and south of Greater Buenos Aires. |
F3 | Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil | March 3, 2013 | 0 | |
F1 | Berazategui | February 21, 2014 | 0 (2 injured) | |
F0 | Brasilia, Brazil[131] | October 1, 2014 | 0 (0 injured) | Brief landspout over land |
F3 | Xanxerê, Santa Catarina, Brazil | April 20, 2015 | 2 (120 injured) | A F3 tornado. Two people died, including a father who managed to save his wife and a baby 3 months.
Another 120 people were injured and about a thousand were left homeless, according to the Fire Department and the Military Police in the city . At least 2,600 homes were damaged and about 200,000 consumer units were without electricity in the region due to the fall of five power transmission towers. |
Europe[]
Note: The UK uses the TORRO scale.
T#/F# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
T8/F4 | London, England[132][133][134][135] | October 23, 1091 | Unknown | London tornado of 1091, destroyed London Bridge |
F? | Vyšehrad (now Prague), Bohemia[136] | July 30, 1119 | 890 | Vyšehrad tornado of 1119 |
F? | Prague, Bohemia[137][138] | May 14, 1144 | Unknown | Prague tornado of 1144 |
F1 | Prague, Bohemia[136][138] | April 8, 1255 | Unknown | Prague tornado of 1255 |
F4 | Valletta, Malta[133] | September 23, 1551 (or 1556) | 600 | Valletta, Malta tornado |
F? | Augsburg, Germany[137][139] | July 2, 1587 | ||
F? | Rome, Italy[137][140] | December 4, 1645 | ||
F3 | Utrecht, Netherlands[141][142][143] | August 1, 1674 | Unknown | Utrecht, Netherlands tornado, damaged Dom Tower and Cathedral of St. Martin |
F3 | Rome, Italy[137][140] | June 12, 1749 | 2 | Rome tornado of 1749 |
F3 | Padua, Italy[144] | August 17, 1756 | Unknown | Padua, 17th August Tornado; heavy damages to the city, the leaded roof of the Palazzo della Ragione was thrown nearly 30km away |
F5 | Woldegk, Germany[145][146] | June 29, 1764 | 1 | |
F5 | Hainichen, Germany[145][146] | April 23, 1800 | 0 | |
T8/F4 | Portsmouth, England[133] | December 14, 1810 | Unknown | Portsmouth, United Kingdom tornado |
F5 | Monville, France[133][137][145] | August 19, 1845 | ||
F3 | Frankfurt, Germany[147][148] | Summer of 1860 | Unknown | Frankfurt tornado of 1860 |
F? | Brno, Moravia[133][137][145] | October 13, 1870 | Brno, Czech tornado | |
F? | Vienna, Austria[137] | June 29, 1873 | Many fatalities | |
F3 | Madrid, Spain[149] | May 12, 1886 | 45 dead | The most catastrophic and deadliest tornado in Spain in the past 200 years, but not the most powerful |
F2 | Paris, France[150] | September 10, 1896 | 5 dead | Tornado touched down in the heart of downtown Paris. |
F0 | Munich, Germany[147] | May 27, 1897 | 0 | Munich tornado of 1897 |
F4 | Cologne, Germany[147][151][152] | August 7, 1898 | 3 | Cologne tornado of 1898 |
F4 | Moscow, Russia[153][154][155][156][157][158][159][160] | June 29, 1904 | >100 | 1904 Moscow tornado. The destroyed areas are within the city limits today, but were suburbs in 1904 |
F? | Berlin, Germany[161] | July 25, 1909 | Unknown | Berlin tornado of 1909 |
F3 | Chemnitz, Germany[162][163] | May 27, 1916 | 0 | Chemnitz tornado of 1916 |
T5/F2 | Düsseldorf, Germany[164][165][166] | June 8, 1924 | 2 | Düsseldorf tornado of 1924 |
F3 | Nice, France[citation needed] | December 1, 1924 | ~4 | Nice tornado of 1924 |
F4 | Neede-Berkelland, Netherlands[145] | June 1, 1927 | ||
F5 | Montello, Italy/Selva de Montello[167] | July 24, 1930 | 23 | Area between Treviso and Udine, Montello tornado |
F3-F4 | Lublin, Poland[145][168] | July 20, 1931 | 3 dead (1 in Lublin, 2 behind Lublin), a dozen injured | Lublin tornado of 1931 |
F4 | Düsseldorf, Germany[169][170] | January 10, 1936 | 2 | Düsseldorf tornado of 1936 |
F4 | (Borzymy), Mazury, Poland[145] | July 15, 1940 | ||
F4 | Klodzko-Slaskie, Poland[145] | August 20, 1946 | ||
F2 | Hannover, Germany[171] | September 15, 1950 | 0 | Hannover tornado of 1950 |
F3 | Castelo Branco, Portugal[172][173] | November 6, 1954 | 5 dead 220 injured | tornadoes in Portugal |
F0 | Magdeburg, Germany[171] | July 25, 1955 | 0 | Magdeburg tornado of 1955 |
F1 | Düsseldorf, Germany[171] | October 6, 1955 | Unknown | Düsseldorf tornado of 1955 |
F1 | Szczecin, Poland[174] | August 25, 1956 | 0 | Szczecin tornado of 1956 |
F1 | Perm, Russia[citation needed] | June 17, 1960 | Unknown | Perm tornado of 1960 |
F1 | Voronezh, Russia[citation needed] | August 14, 1961 | Unknown | Voronezh tornado of 1961 |
F4 | Padua and Venice, Italy[175][176][177][178][179] | September 11, 1970 | 36 | Struck the area between the Province of Padua and Venice Lagoon. |
F3 | Nizhny Novgorod, Russia[180] | July 3, 1974 | Unknown | Nizhny Novgorod tornado of 1974 |
F5 | Ivanovo/Yaroslavl/Perm/Tver/Kostroma[181][182][183][184][185] | June 9, 1984 | More than 400 deaths in the outbreak | 1984 Soviet Union tornado outbreak |
F2 | Monza, Italy | 15 April 2000 | Monza-Villasanta tornado of 2000 | |
F2 | Duisburg, Oberhausen, Germany[186] | July 18, 2004 | 6 injured | |
T4/F2 | Birmingham, United Kingdom[187][188][189][190][191][192][193] | July 28, 2005 | 0 killed, 30 injured | Birmingham Tornado (UK) |
F2 | Hamburg, Germany[194][195][196][197] | March 27, 2006 | ||
T4/F2 | London, United Kingdom[198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206] | December 7, 2006 | 0 | London tornado of 2006 |
F2 | Lutherstadt Wittenberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany[207] | January 18, 2007 | Unknown | Kyrill (storm) |
F3 | Brandenburg, Germany-Brachwitz, Germany[207] | January 18, 2007 | Unknown | Kyrill (storm) |
F3 | Lauchhammer, Brandenburg, Germany[207] | January 18, 2007 | Unknown | Kyrill (storm) |
F2 | Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany[208] | June 25, 2007 | Unknown | Oberrad tornado of 2007 |
T4/F2 | Málaga, Spain[209][210][211] | February 1, 2009 | 0 | Málaga tornado of 2009 |
F3 | Saint Petersburg, Russia[citation needed] | July 10, 2010 | 0 | |
F3 | Blagoveshchensk, Russia[212][213] | July 31, 2011 | 1 killed, 38 injured | Blagoveshchensk tornado |
T4/F2 | Venice, Italy[179][214][215][216] | June 12, 2012 | 0 | |
T6/F3 | Silves, Portugal[217] | November 16, 2012 | 1 killed, 13 injured | Algarve tornadoes |
F3 | Taranto, Italy | November 28, 2012 | 1 killed, 42 injured | Wedge tornado over Taranto and Statte. |
T3/F1 | Catania, Italy | November 5, 2014 | Strong F1 tornado over Ognina | |
T3/F1 | Manchester, UK[218][219] | July 20, 2019 | 19 injured | Caused damage in the city before moving into Cheshire. |
Africa[]
Africa has no default tornado strength measurement system, so the storms here will be listed using the Fujita Scale.
F# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
F4 | Karoo/Highveld, South Africa (Trompsburg, Johannesburg & Pretoria)[220] | November 26, 1948 | 6 | Johannesburg – Pretoria Tornado |
F? | [221] | November 30, 1952 | 20 | Albertynesville, South Africa Tornado |
F2 | [222] | December 2, 1952 | 11 | Paynesville, South Africa Tornado |
F3 | Senekal, South Africa[citation needed] | September 15, 1988 | 2 | Senekal, South Africa Tornado |
F3 | [223] | December 15, 1998 | 15 | Mtata, South Africa Tornado |
F4 | Mount Ayliff, South Africa[221][223] | January 18, 1999 | 25 | Mount Ayliff, South Africa Tornado Outbreak |
F3 | Heidelberg, Gauteng, South Africa[221] | October 21, 1999 | 0 | Heidelberg, South Africa Tornado Outbreak |
F3 | Mpumalanga, South Africa[20] | September 9, 2002 | 2 | Mpumalanga, South Africa Tornado Outbreak |
F3 | Klerksdorp, South Africa[224] | March 3, 2007 | 1 | Klerksdorp, South Africa Tornado |
F4 | Bebejia, Logone Oriental Prefecture, Chad[citation needed] | May 9, 2007 | 14, town was destroyed | Bebejia, Chad Tornado |
F4 | Duduza/East Rand, South Africa[225] | October 2, 2011 | 2 | East Rand – Duduza, South Africa Tornado |
Asia[]
Most of Asia has no default tornado strength measurement system (though Japan has been known to use the Fujita Scale in the past), so the storms here will be listed using the Fujita Scale.[226]
F#/EF# | City | Date | Deaths | Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
F? | Miyazaki, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan[226] | September 26, 1881 | 16 | Miyazaki Tornado of 1881 |
F? | Dhaka, Bangladesh[227] | April 7, 1888 | 184 dead, 1200 injured | |
F? | Yodobashi City, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan[226] | September 23, 1903 | 10, 14 injured | |
F? | Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan[226] | November 28, 1941 | 12 dead, 177 injured, 347 homes destroyed | |
F4 | Shanghai, China[228] | September 24, 1956 | 68 death, hundreds injured | A typhoon-related event |
F? | , Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan[226] | November 10, 1957 | 8 | |
F? | Tokyo, Japan[226] | May 24, 1964 | 480 homes damaged | |
F4 | Yancheng, China[229] | March 3, 1966 | 87 death, 1246 injured | Lifted a transfomer of tons to the other side of a big river and severely damaged a concrete factory |
F2+ | Tianjin, China[230] | August 28, 1969 | 30+ death, hundreds injured | |
F4-F5 | Tianjin, China[230] | August 29, 1969 | 115+ death, hundreds injured | This tornado first caused high casualties in several villages before entering downtown Tianjin with near peak intensity. Concrete factories were severely damaged and some leveled. |
F3+ | Hulan, China | July 3, 1987 | 1 dead, 161 injured | Hulan, Heilongjiang Tornado |
F? | New Delhi, India[231] | March 17–18, 1978 | 28 dead, 700 injured | New Delhi Tornado |
F3 | Dalatpur Upazila, Manikganj/Saturia, Bangladesh[citation needed] | April 26, 1989 | 1300+ | Daulatpur-Saturia Tornado |
F3 | Mobara, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture, Japan[232] | December 11, 1990 | 0, 78 injured, 1000 homes damaged | Mobara Tornado |
F? | Shanghai, People's Republic of China[233] | August 11, 1995 | 4 | |
F? | Dhaka Division, Bangladesh[234] | May 13, 1996 | 700+ | |
F3 | Toyohashi City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan[235] | September 24, 1999 | 4 | Toyohashi City, Japan Tornadoes |
F? | Tokyo, Japan[226] | September 12, 2000 | 0, several homes damaged | |
F3 | Nobeoka, Miyazaki Prefecture on Kyūshū, Japan[236] | September 18, 2006 | 3 | Nobeoka, Miyazaki Tornado |
EF3 | Longgang, China[237] | August 18, 2007 | 11 dead, 60+ injured | Related to Typhoon Sepat |
EF3+ | Lingbi County, Anhui, People's Republic of China[238] | June 20, 2008 | 1 | Lingbi, Anhui Tornado |
EF1 | New Taipei, Taiwan[239] | May 12, 2011 | 0 known, some light damage | Xindian District, New Taipei city Tornado |
F? | New Manila, Quezon City, Philippines[240] | June 24, 2011 | at least 1 injured, more than 30 homes damaged | New Manila Tornado |
F3 | Tsukuba&Jōsō, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan[241] | May 6, 2012 | 1 dead,30 injured,345 homes damaged | Tsukuba & Jōsō, Ibaraki Tornado |
EF2+ | Kaohsiung, Taiwan[242] | April 6, 2013 | 2 injured,10 homes damaged | Dashu District, Kaohsiung city Tornado |
F2 | Koshigaya, Saitama Prefecture, Japan[243] | September 2, 2013 | 63 injured,89 homes damaged | Koshigaya, Saitama Tornado |
F? | Mandaue and Lapu-Lapu City, Philippines[244] | November 4, 2013 | 13 injured, more than 20 homes damaged | Tropical Depression Wilma |
F? | Cebu City, Philippines[245] | April 8, 2014 | 1 injured, more than 20 homes damaged | Cebu City Tornado |
EF0 | Taichung, Taiwan[246] | May 29, 2014 | 0 | Waipu District, Taichung city Tornado |
EF2 | Pingtung, Taiwan[247] | July 19, 2014 | 0 | Ligang, Pingtung Tornado |
EF2 | Tainan, Taiwan[248] | July 20, 2015 | 0 | Xinhua District, Tainan city Tornado |
EF1 | Tainan, Taiwan[249] | August 9, 2015 | 1 injured | South District, Tainan city Tornado |
EF3 | Foshan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China[250] | October 4, 2015 | 4 dead, 95 injured | Shunde District, Foshan, Guangdong Tornado |
EF3 | Panyu, Guangdong, People's Republic of China[250] | October 4, 2015 | 3 dead, 100+ injured | Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Tornado |
EF4+ | Yancheng, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China[251] | June 23, 2016 | 99 dead, 846 injured | Jiangsu tornado |
F? | Manila, Philippines[252] | August 14, 2016 | 1 injured | Manila tornado |
F? | Marikina, Philippines[253] | September 14, 2018 | 2 injured | Typhoon Mangkhut |
EF3+ | Kaiyuan, China[254] | July 3, 2019 | 7 death, 190 injured | Kaiyuan, Liaoning Tornado |
EF1 | Yingkou, China[255] | August 16, 2019 | Yingkou, Liaoning Tornado | |
EF2 | Danzhou, China[256] | August 29, 2019 | 8 dead, 8 injured | Related to Tropical Storm Podul |
Notable absences[]
The 1985 Barrie Tornado that struck Barrie, Ontario would be listed here, had it struck today. It is not listed, however, since the town's population was under 50,000 at the time. The tornado that hit Grand Valley, Ontario is not listed for similar reasons. Similarly, the 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak that spawned the deadly F5 tornado which struck Oklahoma City and some of its suburbs, including Moore and Midwest City, is not listed because it did not reach the downtown core of Oklahoma City.
Similarly, the downtown areas of two then-small towns (now large cities) in North Carolina were struck during the 1884 Enigma outbreak: Concord and Cary. Downtown Concord was struck a second time by a tornado in May 1936.[257][258][259]
The 1987 Edmonton Tornado is likewise not listed because it struck industrial parks, trailer parks, and suburban areas, and was far away from Edmonton's downtown core. The "Oak Lawn tornado" of April 21, 1967 which killed 33 people, mostly those in rush hour traffic at a busy intersection, and moved across southern Chicago onto Lake Michigan is not included because it missed the downtown core. Most recently, the 2008 Memphis tornado on February 5, 2008 also missed the downtown area (by a significant distance).
The Flint–Worcester tornado outbreak sequence in 1953 produced several tornadoes that struck metropolitan areas. However, none of the tornadoes hit downtown areas, moving through areas just north or west of the city cores. Therefore, these twisters are not included.[260]
The 1998 tornado that hit Spencer, South Dakota, killing six people, the 2000 tornado that hit a campground, killing 12 people, the 2007 tornado that hit Greensburg, Kansas, killing 11 people, the Elie, Manitoba tornado that hit Elie, Manitoba in 2007 with no fatalities, and the 2009 tornado that hit Durham, Ontario, killing one person, are not listed because none of these tornadoes hit a metropolitan area that had a population higher than 50,000. The Southern Ontario tornado outbreak of 2005 that hit Toronto was not confirmed and is therefore not listed.
Another notable absence is the July 7, 1915 storm that struck Cincinnati, killing 38 people. This was determined to be most likely a windstorm causing downbursts or even a series of microbursts (with much of the damage coming from the straight-line winds), and not a tornado.[261][262]
European tornadoes that are listed before 1950 are for cities that had at least 50,000 people in them at the time. Tornadoes dating back to 1054 are confirmed, due to extensive record-keeping for many weather events and other until-then unexplained weather occurrences.
On September 8, 2010, Tropical Storm Hermine went over the state of Texas and produced a few tornadoes in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. One notable tornado was located in an industrialized area west of downtown Dallas before it lifted up over Interstate 35E just south of Dallas Love Field. However, the EF2 tornado was about 3–4 mi (4.8–6.4 km) away and did not strike the immediate downtown Dallas area. Similarly, the 1957 Dallas tornado hit areas northwest and north and downtown, missing the core of the city. The May 26, 1976 and October 20, 2019 Dallas tornadoes were also not listed for the same reasons (striking the northern Dallas neighborhoods in an almost identical track between each other).
The city of Auckland in New Zealand has experienced multiple fatal tornadoes in its history, including one in 2012 which killed 3 people.[263] However, none of these tornadoes have reached the downtown district of the city.
See also[]
- List of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
- List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes
- Urban climate and climatology
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External links[]
- Tornado-related lists
- Lists of cities