Mastrevirus

Mastrevirus
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Monodnaviria
Kingdom:	Shotokuvirae
Phylum:	Cressdnaviricota
Class:	Repensiviricetes
Order:	Geplafuvirales
Family:	Geminiviridae
Genus:	Mastrevirus

Mastrevirus is a genus of ssDNA viruses, in the family Geminiviridae. Mostly monocotyledonous plants serve as natural hosts. They are vectored by planthoppers. There are 45 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: maize streak virus: maize streak disease (MSD).^[1]^[2]

Capsid proteins[]

Mastreviruses have an unusually diverse range of capsid proteins among the Geminiviridae. While all other genera have species with essentially identical proteins (and their producing genetic sequences) among themselves, Mastrevirus has seven protein clusters and three species that each constitute their own.^[3]

Taxonomy[]

The following species are recognized:^[2]

(ACSV)^[3]
(CaCDaV)^[3]
(CCDaV)^[3]
Chloris striate mosaic virus
(DfasMV)^[3]
(EMSV)^[3]
(GraGV)^[3]
(JmaV)^[3]
(LaaV)^[3]
Maize streak virus
(MCaV)^[3]
(MiSV)^[3]
(MSMV)^[3]
(PCMoV)^[3]
(PgaV)^[3]
(RLV1)^[3]^[4]
(RLV2)^[3]^[5]
(SSMV1)^[3]
(SSMV2)^[3]
(SStV-A)^[3]
(SStV-D)^[3]
(SWSV)^[3]
/ (SpSMV1)^[3]
(SMaV)^[3]
(TaGV)^[3]
(ToALCV)^[3]
Wheat dwarf virus

Structure[]

Viruses in Mastrevirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 22 nm, with a length of 38 nm. Genomes are circular and non-segmented, around 2.6-2.8kb in length.^[1]

Genus	Structure	Symmetry	Capsid	Genomic arrangement	Genomic segmentation
Mastrevirus	Twinned Icosahedral	Incomplete T=1	Non-enveloped	Circular	Monopartite

Life cycle[]

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and tubule-guided viral movement. Mostly monocotyledonous plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (leafhopper). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.^[1]

Genus	Host details	Tissue tropism	Entry details	Release details	Replication site	Assembly site	Transmission
Mastrevirus	Dicots	None	Viral movement; mechanical inoculation	Budding	Nucleus	Nucleus	Leafhopper

References[]

^ ^a ^b ^c "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y Lefeuvre, Pierre (ORCID); Martin, Darren P.; Elena, Santiago F.; Shepherd, Dionne N.; Roumagnac, Philippe (ORCID); Varsani, Arvind (ORCID) (16 July 2019). "Evolution and ecology of plant viruses". Nature Reviews Microbiology. Nature Research. 17 (10): 632–644. doi:10.1038/s41579-019-0232-3. ISSN 1740-1526. S2CID 197402034. p. 638: Note that one of the geminivirus genera, Mastrevirus, has viruses with capsid proteins so diverse that they fall into seven distinct clusters and three singletons, whereas capsid protein sequences from the other genera all fall within individual clusters. ACSV, Axonopus compressus streak virus; CaCDaV, Camellia chlorotic dwarf-associated virus; CCDaV, Camellia citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus; DfasMV, dragonfly-associated mastrevirus; EMSV, Eragrostis minor streak virus; GraGV, grapevine geminivirus; JmaV, Juncus maritimus-associated virus; LaaV, Limeum africanum-associated virus; MCaV, mulberry crinkle-associated virus; MiSV, Miscanthus streak virus; MSMV, maize streak Reunion virus; PCMoV, passion fruit chlorotic mottle virus; PgaV, Polygala garcinii-associated virus; RLV1, rice latent virus 1; RLV2, rice latent virus 2; SMaV, switchgrass mosaic-associated virus; SpSMV1, sweetpotato symptomless mastrevirus 1; SSMV1, Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 1; SSMV2, Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 2; SStV-A, sugarcane striate virus A; SStV-D, sugarcane striate virus D; SWSV, sugarcane white streak virus; TaGV, tomato associated geminivirus; ToALCV, tomato apical leaf curl virus.
^ "Rice latent virus 1 (RLV100)[Overview]". Global Database. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). 10 April 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2021.
^ "Rice latent virus 2 (RLV200)[Overview]". Global Database. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). 10 April 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2021.

External links[]

[ViralZone-1] "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.

[ICTV-2] "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.

[Lefeuvre-et-al-2019-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y Lefeuvre, Pierre (ORCID); Martin, Darren P.; Elena, Santiago F.; Shepherd, Dionne N.; Roumagnac, Philippe (ORCID); Varsani, Arvind (ORCID) (16 July 2019). "Evolution and ecology of plant viruses". Nature Reviews Microbiology. Nature Research. 17 (10): 632–644. doi:10.1038/s41579-019-0232-3. ISSN 1740-1526. S2CID 197402034. p. 638: Note that one of the geminivirus genera, Mastrevirus, has viruses with capsid proteins so diverse that they fall into seven distinct clusters and three singletons, whereas capsid protein sequences from the other genera all fall within individual clusters. ACSV, Axonopus compressus streak virus; CaCDaV, Camellia chlorotic dwarf-associated virus; CCDaV, Camellia citrus chlorotic dwarf-associated virus; DfasMV, dragonfly-associated mastrevirus; EMSV, Eragrostis minor streak virus; GraGV, grapevine geminivirus; JmaV, Juncus maritimus-associated virus; LaaV, Limeum africanum-associated virus; MCaV, mulberry crinkle-associated virus; MiSV, Miscanthus streak virus; MSMV, maize streak Reunion virus; PCMoV, passion fruit chlorotic mottle virus; PgaV, Polygala garcinii-associated virus; RLV1, rice latent virus 1; RLV2, rice latent virus 2; SMaV, switchgrass mosaic-associated virus; SpSMV1, sweetpotato symptomless mastrevirus 1; SSMV1, Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 1; SSMV2, Sporobolus striate mosaic virus 2; SStV-A, sugarcane striate virus A; SStV-D, sugarcane striate virus D; SWSV, sugarcane white streak virus; TaGV, tomato associated geminivirus; ToALCV, tomato apical leaf curl virus.

[RLV1-EPPO-GD-4] "Rice latent virus 1 (RLV100)[Overview]". Global Database. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). 10 April 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2021.

[RLV2-EPPO-GD-5] "Rice latent virus 2 (RLV200)[Overview]". Global Database. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). 10 April 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2021.

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