Panenské Břežany

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Panenské Břežany
Municipality
Centre of Panenské Břežany
Centre of Panenské Břežany
Flag of Panenské Břežany
Flag
Coat of arms of Panenské Břežany
Coat of arms
Panenské Břežany is located in Czech Republic
Panenské Břežany
Panenské Břežany
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°12′50″N 14°26′25″E / 50.21389°N 14.44028°E / 50.21389; 14.44028Coordinates: 50°12′50″N 14°26′25″E / 50.21389°N 14.44028°E / 50.21389; 14.44028
Country Czech Republic
RegionCentral Bohemian
DistrictPrague-East
First mentioned1233
Area
 • Total5.79 km2 (2.24 sq mi)
Elevation
245 m (804 ft)
Population
 (2021-01-01)[1]
 • Total617
 • Density110/km2 (280/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
250 70
Websitewww.panenskebrezany.cz

Panenské Břežany (German: Jungfern-Breschan) is a municipality and village in Prague-East District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.

Panenské Břežany lies in proximity of the capital city of Prague, approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north of its centre.

History[]

Horní Chateau

The settlement was first mentioned in 1233 as the possession of the Benedictine St. George's Convent at Prague Castle.[2] The first mention of a keep in Panenské Břežany is from 1441. In the first half of the 18th century a Baroque palace was built, which came to be called the Horní Chateau ("Upper Chateau").[3]

After the secularization of the monastery during reign of Emperor Joseph II the manor fell to the Virgin Teinitz Religious foundation. Until 1828 the owners changed several times, then it was purchased by Matthias von Riese-Stallburg. Around 1840 he built the Dolní Chateau ("Lower Chateau"). His descendants lost the property in 1901 because of indebtedness to the Prague Credit Bank. In 1909 the property was bought by Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer, a financially strong Jewish buyer involved in the sugar industry.[3]

Following the Nazi occupation after 1939, the Jewish industrialist fled and the estate was confiscated. From 1939 to 1942 the Lower Chateau was the residence of the Reichsprotektor of Bohemia and Moravia. In the chateau complex lived both Konstantin von Neurath and from 1941 his deputy (Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor), the SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich, with their families.[3]

In May 1942, while driving from the mansion to his work in Prague, Heydrich was the victim of an assassination attempt, and died a week later at the beginning of June. After Heydrich's death, his widow Lina lived with the children until 1945 at the chateau. Their ten-year-old son Klaus died in a car accident there in October 1943.

The Horní Chateau was occupied by Karl Hermann Frank during World War II.

"In April 1943 Hitler finally decided that the future of the [Heydrich] family must be safeguarded, and by a special Fuehrer-decret he ordered that Heydrich's "beloved schloss Jungfern-Breschan" with all its contents and lands should be handed over to his widow and family in perpetuity. The Fuehrer added that it was his desire that the heirs should always be associated with the property."[4]

References[]

  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2021". Czech Statistical Office. 2021-04-30.
  2. ^ "Program rozvoje obce Panenské Břežany na období 2017–2021" (PDF) (in Czech). Obec Panenské Břežany. 2017-12-18. pp. 2–3. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Historie" (in Czech). Obec Panenské Břežany. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
  4. ^ Charles Wighton, Heydrich: Hitler's Most Evil Henchman (1962), p. 282.



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