Rutul language

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Rutul
мыхӀабишды чӀел myxʼabišdy č̣el
Pronunciation	[mɨxabiʃdɨ t͡ʃʼɛl]
Native to	North Caucasus, Azerbaijan
Region	Southern Dagestan, Russian–Azerbaijani border
Ethnicity	Rutul
Native speakers	36,400 (2010 census)[1]
Language family	Northeast Caucasian Lezgic Samur Western Samur Rutul
Writing system	Cyrillic
Official status
Official language in	Dagestan
Language codes
ISO 639-3	rut
Glottolog	rutu1240
ELP	Rutul
Rutul in the Caucasus

Rutul is a language spoken by the Rutuls, an ethnic group living in Dagestan (Russia) and some parts of Azerbaijan. It is spoken by 30,000 people in Dagestan (2010 census)^[2] and 17,000 (no date) in Azerbaijan.^[3] The word Rutul derives from the name of a Dagestani village where speakers of this language make up the majority.^{[4][full citation needed]}

Rutul is endangered in Russia^[5] and classified as "definitely endangered" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.^[6]

Classification[]

Rutul belongs to the Lezgic group of the Northeast Caucasian language family. The Rutuls call their language myxʼabišdy čʼel.

History[]

Rutul was not a written language until the writing system for it (based on Cyrillic) was developed in 1990. A Latin alphabet was developed in 2013 based on the Shin-Shorsu dialect.^[7] Speakers are often bilingual or multilingual, having a good command of the Azeri, Lezgian and/or Russian languages. There are 8 dialects and 2 subdialects of Rutul. The literary version of the language remains in the process of development. In the Rutul-populated regions of southern Russia, Rutul is taught in primary schools (grades 1 to 4).^{[4][full citation needed]}

Phonology[]

Vowels[]

Consonants[]

Related languages[]

Among the languages of the Lezgic group, Tsakhur appears to be the closest relative of Rutul.^{[9][full citation needed]} Other than these two, there are seven more languages in the Lezgic group, namely: Lezgian, Tabasaran, Aghul, Budukh, Kryts, Udi and Archi.

Rutul alphabet

See also[]

• Rutul people
• Northeast Caucasian languages
• Languages of Azerbaijan

References[]

External links[]

Rutul language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator

• Rutul dictionary online (select simple or advanced browsing)
• Appendix:Cyrillic script
• Folk Songs and Dances of the Rutuls of Azerbaijan
• Rutul basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database (3 Rutul dialects: Mukhad, Ixrek, Luchek)