Savely Makhno
Savely Ivanovich Makhno | |
---|---|
Native name | Савелій Іванович Махно |
Nickname(s) | Savva |
Born | 1872 Huliaipole, Yekaterinoslav, ![]() |
Died | February 21, 1920 Huliaipole, Yekaterinoslav, ![]() | (aged 47–48)
Service | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Years of service | 1904-1920 |
Battles/wars |
Savely Ivanovich Makhno (1872 - February 21, 1920) was a Ukrainian anarcho-communist, member of the Makhnovist movement, and brother of Nestor Makhno.
Biography[]
Savely Makhno was born in 1872 in Huliaipole to a peasant family. He was married to Theodora, had 7 children - Thomas, Paul, Ivan, Gregory, Anastasia, Evdokia and Maria.[1]
He participated in the Russo-Japanese War before returning home during the 1905 Russian Revolution. In 1907, he joined the anarcho-communist Union of Poor Peasants.[2]
In January 1918, Savely was elected commander of the Black Guards, under the general command of his brother Nestor Makhno. At the beginning of 1918 he took part in battles with the Cossacks and . On January 4, a detachment of the Black Guards headed by Savely went to Zaporozhye to support local workers and Maria Nikiforova's detachment. The Black Guards occupied the Kichkassky bridge across the Dnieper and began to disarm the Cossacks who were leaving the front. The detachment stayed here throughout January and February 1918. With the approach of the Austro-German troops, he left Zaporozhye with his detachment and returned to Huliaipole for reorganization.[3]
This is how the Izvestiya newspaper described the situation of Savely's family during the period of the Austro-German occupation:
It is difficult to describe all the torments that the Makhno family suffered. Even the tiny three- or four-year-old children of Savely Makhno, one of Nestor Makhno's brothers, were not left alone and they took off their last shirts on the streets, saying: "This is German, give it back!" They came to them several times, kicked them out of the huts, intending to burn them, put them off again, then two days later they started again with the same thing and, finally, burned and blew up the walls themselves.[4]
After the arrival of the Germans, Savely disappeared in an unknown direction.[5]
A member of the Makhnovist movement from November 1918, he worked in the supply services of the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine (RIAU), going from an ordinary supply officer to an assistant chief of supply of the RIAU. He was captured and shot in Huliaipole by soldiers of the 42nd Infantry Division on February 21, 1920.[6]
References[]
- ^ Danilov, Victor Petrovich (2006). Нестор Махно: Крестьянское движение на Украине, 1918—1921 : Документы и материалы (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow: ROSSPEN. p. 823. ISBN 9785824307696. OCLC 741204339.
- ^ Belash, Alexander Viktorovich; Belash, Victor Fedorovich (1993). Дороги Нестора Махно (in Russian). Kiev: РВЦ "Проза". p. 22. ISBN 9785770738148. OCLC 429142607.
- ^ Belash, Alexander Viktorovich; Belash, Victor Fedorovich (1993). Дороги Нестора Махно (in Russian). Kiev: РВЦ "Проза". p. 27. ISBN 9785770738148. OCLC 429142607.
- ^ Danilov, Victor Petrovich (2006). Нестор Махно: Крестьянское движение на Украине, 1918—1921 : Документы и материалы (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow: ROSSPEN. p. 104. ISBN 9785824307696. OCLC 741204339.
- ^ Danilov, Victor Petrovich (2006). Нестор Махно: Крестьянское движение на Украине, 1918—1921 : Документы и материалы (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow: ROSSPEN. p. 192. ISBN 9785824307696. OCLC 741204339.
- ^ Belash, Alexander Viktorovich; Belash, Victor Fedorovich (1993). Дороги Нестора Махно (in Russian). Kiev: РВЦ "Проза". p. 436. ISBN 9785770738148. OCLC 429142607.
- 1872 births
- 1920 deaths
- Anarchist partisans
- Makhnovism
- Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War
- Ukrainian anarchists
- Ukrainian communists