Special routes of U.S. Route 30

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
U.S. Route 30 marker
U.S. Route 30
Highway system

Several special routes of U.S. Route 30 exist. In order from west to east they are as follows.

Existing[]

St. Helens business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Business marker

U.S. Highway 30 Business

LocationSt. Helens, Oregon
Existed2012–present

U.S. Route 30 Business (US 30 Bus.) in St. Helens, Oregon uniquely uses "Interstate Business Loop" shields.[1]

Portland bypass[]

By-pass plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Bypass marker

U.S. Highway 30 Bypass

LocationPortland, Oregon

U.S. Route 30 Bypass is the Northeast Portland Highway No. 123. It runs along the following streets before rejoining US 30/I-84 in Wood Village: N.W. Bridge Avenue, St. Johns Bridge, N. Philadelphia Avenue, N. Ivanhoe Street, N. Richmond Avenue, N. Lombard Street, N.E. Lombard Street, N.E. Portland Highway, N.E. Killingsworth Street, and N.E. Sandy Boulevard. It terminates at US 30/I-84 at the N.E. 238th Drive interchange.

Ontario business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Business marker

U.S. Highway 30 Business

LocationOntario, Oregon

U.S. Route 30 Business is a business route signed in the Ontario, Oregon area. This road is part of the Olds Ferry-Ontario Highway No. 455.

Green River business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Business marker

U.S. Highway 30 Business

LocationGreen River, Wyoming

U.S. Route 30 Business is a business route signed in the Green River, Wyoming area. This road is entirely overlapped with Interstate 80 Business Loop.

Rock Springs business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Business marker

U.S. Highway 30 Business

LocationRock Springs, Wyoming

U.S. Route 30 Business is a business route signed in the Rock Springs, Wyoming area. Like the one in Green River, the road is entirely overlapped with the Interstate 80 Business Loop.

Rawlins business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Business marker

U.S. Highway 30 Business

LocationRawlings, Wyoming

U.S. Route 30 Business is a business route signed in the Rawlins, Wyoming area. Like the ones in Green River and Rock Springs, the road is entirely overlapped with the Interstate 80 Business Loop.

Marshalltown business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Business marker

U.S. Highway 30 Business

LocationMarshalltown, Iowa
Existed1997–present

U.S. Route 30 Business is a business route that runs along Iowa Avenue in Marshalltown, Iowa. The route runs on the former alignment of US 30 through the town, a 1950s-era bypass of Marshalltown that was bypassed in 1997 by a freeway 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) south of the original bypass.[2][3]

Toledo–Tama business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Business marker

U.S. Highway 30 Business

LocationToledo–Tama, Iowa
Existed2011–present

U.S. Route 30 Business (US 30) is a business route located in Toledo and Tama. In the early 2010s, a new freeway was built for US 30 between the two cities. When the freeway opened, the business route was designated along the old route.

Cedar Rapids emergency route[]

Emergency plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Emergency marker

U.S. Highway 30 Emergency

LocationCedar Rapids, Iowa
Existed1985–present

U.S. Route 30 Emergency is an emergency bypass of a segment of the US 30 freeway bypass of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Since the Cedar Rapids bypass of US 30 was completed in 1985, on occasion, traffic has had to be rerouted off the road. The bypass's proximity to the Union Pacific Railroad mainline resulted in an elevated roadway between Edgewood Road and Sixth Street SW. When strong winds come from the south, fog produced by an Archer Daniels Midland plant adjacent to the highway billows over the road making driving dangerous. The Iowa DOT set up an emergency detour from Edgewood Road SW north to 16th Avenue SW east to 6th Street SW back to US 30. The frequency of fog-related detours has decreased in recent years due to improved technology and the plant's expansion and relocation of cooling towers away from the highway.[4]

Dalton alternate route[]

Alt plate.svg

U.S. Route 30 Alternate marker

U.S. Route 30 Alternate

LocationDalton, Ohio
Existed1963–present

U.S. Route 30 Alternate is a 3-mile (4.8 km) alternate route through downtown Dalton, Ohio. It follows the original route of US 30 through town, while the mainline designation follows a 4-lane bypass.

Bedford business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Route 30 Business marker

U.S. Route 30 Business

LocationBedford, Pennsylvania
Existed1982–present
US 30 Bus. westbound near Bedford

U.S. Route 30 Business is a 3-mile (4.8 km) business loop through the borough of Bedford, Pennsylvania. In 1970, US 30 became a freeway around the town, to avoid congestion for travellers along the Pennsylvania Turnpike or U.S. Route 220 (today also Interstate 99), a pair of area freeways from which Bedford was a major travel stop. After the creation of the bypass, the original path of US 30 along Pitt Street became a business route, travelling as a narrow two-lane stretch through the town, with a four-lane segment near some light industrial development before its eastern terminus.

Everett business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Route 30 Business marker

U.S. Route 30 Business

LocationEverett, Pennsylvania
Existed1982–present
US 30 Bus. eastbound in Everett

U.S. Route 30 Business is a 2-mile (3.2 km) business loop through the borough of Everett, Pennsylvania. In 1982, a freeway bypass was constructed around the town because of its low-speed limits and lack of opportunities for highway widening. As a result, the original alignment of US 30 became a business route. It is two lanes through the small, crowded town. Near the eastern edge of the routing, alternate third passing lines are provided, as the road traverses a county park and a golf course.

Chester County business loop[]

Main article: U.S. Route 30 Business (Chester County, Pennsylvania)

Business plate.svg

U.S. Route 30 Business marker

U.S. Route 30 Business

LocationChester County, Pennsylvania
Length18.79 mi[5] (30.24 km)
Existed1963–present

U.S. Route 30 Business (US 30 Bus.) is a 19-mile (31 km) business route of US 30 in Chester County, Pennsylvania. The route follows the former alignment of US 30 between Sadsbury Township and East Whiteland Township, passing through Coatesville, Downingtown, and Exton. US 30 follows a freeway bypass between these two points.[6][7] The present alignment of US 30 Bus. was originally part of a turnpike called the Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike that was completed in 1794.[8][9] The state took over the turnpike in the beginning of the 20th century.[9] In 1913, present-day US 30 Bus. was incorporated into the Lincoln Highway, an auto trail that ran from San Francisco to New York City.[10] The Lincoln Highway through Pennsylvania became Pennsylvania Route 1 (PA 1) in 1924.[11][12] US 30 was designated concurrent with PA 1 west of Philadelphia in 1926, with the PA 1 designation removed two years later.[12][13][14][15][16] US 30 was widened into a multilane road through Chester County in the 1930s.[17] In the 1960s, US 30 was moved to a freeway bypass around Coatesville and Downingtown, with US 30 Bus. designated onto the former alignment of US 30.[18] In 1995, US 30 Bus. was extended east when US 30 was extended to bypass Exton.[19][20]

Downingtown business loop alternate truck route[]

Business-alternate-truck plate.svg

U.S. Route 30 Business Alternate Truck marker

U.S. Route 30 Business Alternate Truck

LocationDowningtown, Pennsylvania
Existed2013–present

U.S. Route 30 Business Alternate Truck (US 30 Bus. Alt. Truck) is a truck route of US 30 Bus. around a weight-restricted bridge over the East Branch Brandywine Creek in Downingtown, Pennsylvania, on which trucks over 36 tons and combination loads over 40 tons are prohibited. The route follows US 322, the US 30 freeway, and PA 113. US 30 Bus. Alt. Truck runs concurrent with US 322 Alt. Truck along US 30 and PA 113.[21][22]

Former[]

Portland business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Business marker

U.S. Highway 30 Business

LocationPortland, Oregon
Length5.56 mi[23] (8.95 km)

U.S. Route 30 Business was a 5.56-mile-long (8.95 km)[23] business route for U.S. Route 30 in eastern Portland, Oregon, running along Burnside Street and Sandy Boulevard. Unlike a standard business route, neither end was at US 30 - the west end was at Oregon Route 99E ( and ; Pacific Highway East) at the east end of the Burnside Bridge, and the east end was at U.S. Route 30 Bypass () at the Interstate 205 interchange. It crossed US 30, which is concurrent with Interstate 84, at around its midpoint. The whole route was the Sandy Boulevard Highway No. 59 (see Oregon highways and routes) until July 10, 2003, when it was given to the city (along with an adjacent part of Route 99E a month later).[24] The US 30 Business designation was removed from what had become a city street on July 5, 2007.[25]

Though the west end was just south of an interchange with US 30/I-84, there are no ramps pointing in the correct direction. The reason for this strange end is that US 30 originally exited I-84 there and ran south on Route 99E, and then turned west onto the Burnside Bridge through downtown. (It continued along Burnside Street, 18th Avenue/19th Avenue, Vaughn Street, Wardway Street and St. Helens Road.) When US 30 was realigned to use Interstate 5 and Interstate 405 around the north side of downtown, US 30 Business remained the same (except for a one-block extension west from Route 99E northbound, resulting in a milepost of -0.05 for the west end at Route 99E southbound).

Major intersections
The entire route was in Portland, Multnomah County.

mi[23]kmDestinationsNotes
−0.05−0.080
 To I-5 south / Burnside Bridge to Naito Parkway – Salem		Continuation beyond OR 99E
−0.05−0.080 OR 99E south (Southeast Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard)
0.000.00


 OR 99E north (Northeast Grand Avenue) to I-5 north / I-84 east / US 30 east – Oregon City, Salem
0.360.58East Burnside Street
1.893.04
 I-84 / US 30 (Banfield Expressway) to I-5 – Portland City Center
4.527.27 OR 213 (Northeast 82nd Avenue)
5.518.87

 US 30 Byp. (Columbia Boulevard, Sandy Boulevard) to I-205
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Portland alternate route[]

Alternate plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate marker

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate

LocationPortland – Troutdale
Existed1930s–1960s

U.S. Route 30 Alternate was an alternate of U.S. Route 30. The route began at U.S. 30 at the intersection of Bunside and Sandy, and ran along Burnside Street, Gilham Avenue, Thorburn Street, Washington Street and Stark Street (alternately known as Baseline Road due to being the baseline of the Willamette Stone), before rejoining U.S. 30 at the intersection of Stark and Crown Point Highway.[26][27] It stemmed from the desire by the city of Gresham, Oregon to be connected to U.S. 30. The route existed in maps from the 1920s, 1930s and 1940s, but has long since been deleted.

Idaho-Utah-Wyoming southern route[]

U.S. Route 30S marker

U.S. Route 30S

LocationBurley, Idaho–Granger, Wyoming
Existed1926–1970s

U.S. Route 30 South or US 30S was initially a split route, and later an alternate route, of US Route 30 between Burley, Idaho and Granger, Wyoming. US 30S followed the general route of today's Interstate 84 across Idaho and western Utah, and Interstate 80 across eastern Utah and Wyoming. The route was decommissioned in the 1970s.

In the initial proposals for the US Highway System, all of US Route 30 was to follow the Lincoln Highway, with the western terminus at Salt Lake City, Utah. The Lincoln Highway Association was upset as refinements to the initial proposal modified the route of US 30 to break from the Lincoln Highway in Wyoming and proceed to the Pacific Northwest, as they were assured that the Lincoln Highway would have a single numerical designation. Utah was upset at these modifications, as they would completely remove the US 30 routing in that state. Wyoming, Nevada, Idaho and Utah all made conflicting proposals for the route. As a compromise, a split route was approved.[28] In the approved U.S. Highway System numbering plan in 1926, US Route 30 split between Idaho and Wyoming. US 30N, the northern route, passed directly from Wyoming to Idaho, while a southern route entered Utah.[13] Eventually the northern route became mainline US Route 30, leaving US 30S as an alternate route.

In the state of Utah's route logs, US Route 30S is acknowledged as late as 1970 in numerous highway transfer resolutions as segments of interstates 80 and 80N were completed. However, all references to US 30S are gone from the state's highway resolutions by the time the state requested a designation change of I-80N to its modern designation of I-84 in 1977.[29]

In all three states, the freeway replacements used shorter, straighter alignments compared to the former US 30S; some small towns were bypassed when the two lane roads were replaced with freeways. A significant case is at the Idaho state line, where I-84 runs several miles to the east of the former US 30S. Portions of the former alignment of US 30S in this area are now designated Idaho State Highway 81, Utah State Route 42 and Utah State Route 30. Another significant deviation is at the eastern terminus of US 30S, where Interstate 80 was routed several miles south of Granger, bypassing the town.

Nebraska–Iowa alternate route[]

Alternate plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate marker

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate

LocationNear Clarks, Nebraska–Missouri Valley, Iowa
Existed1930s–1960s

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate was an alternate route of US 30 that ran between Council Bluffs and Missouri Valley, Iowa. The route was created on the former US 30 alignment by the mid-1930s when US 30 was routed west of Missouri Valley on old Iowa Highway 130.[30] By the end of the 1960s, US 30 Alternate became Iowa Highway 183.[31]

Central Iowa alternate route[]

Alternate plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate marker

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate

LocationOgden–Marshalltown, Iowa
Existed1973–1981

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate (US 30 Alternate) was a former mainline routing of US 30 through central Iowa that was bypassed by a four-lane highway in 1973. The alternate route began in Ogden, where the bypass began, and passed through Boone, Ames, Nevada, Colo, and State Center. The route ended between State Center and Marshalltown. It was in service for eight years before it became Iowa 930, which was an unsigned highway.

Clinton alternate route[]

Alternate plate.svg

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate marker

U.S. Highway 30 Alternate

LocationClinton, Iowa
Existed1957[32]–1967[33]

U.S. Route 30 Alternate was an alternate route of US 30 that ran through Clinton, Iowa. In 1957, US 30 was rerouted over the Gateway Bridge across the Mississippi River, and Iowa Highway 136 was designated to cross the Lyons-Fulton Bridge.[34] However, by 1957, the old alignment through Clinton and across the Lyons-Fulton Bridge was numbered U.S. Route 30 Alternate.[35] By 1967, US 30 Alternate was reverted to Iowa Highway 136.[33][36]

Sterling–Chicago alternate route[]

See also: Illinois Route 38 § History

Alternate plate.svg

U.S. Route 30 Alternate marker

U.S. Route 30 Alternate

LocationSterling–Lynwood, Illinois
Existed1942–1971[37]

U.S. Route 30 Alternate (US 30 Alt.) was an alternate route of US 30 after US 330 was decommissioned in 1942. It traveled from Sterling through Chicago to Lynwood near the Indiana state line. By the early 1970s, the alternate route was removed and partly replaced by Illinois Route 38.

Aurora business loop[]

Business plate.svg

U.S. Route 30 Business marker

U.S. Route 30 Business

LocationAurora, Illinois
Existed1959–1970[37]

U.S. Route 30 City (later named U.S. Route 30 Business) was a business route for US 30. By 1959, US 30 was rerouted south of Sugar Grove after the southern bypass was completed. The old route that ran through Aurora was designated as a business route. It followed Galena Boulevard and Hill Avenue. In 1970, the business route was decommissioned entirely.

Illinois toll route[]

Toll plate.svg

Toll U.S. Route 30 marker

Toll U.S. Route 30

LocationFord Heights-Aurora, Illinois
Existed1958–1966

U.S. Route 30 Toll was a toll route of US 30. In 1958, Toll US 30 was formed after the East-West Tollway and the Tri-State Tollway were finished. The toll route followed the original route of the East-West Tollway, a southern portion of the Tri-State Tollway, and present-day Illinois Route 394 before reaching US 30 in Fort Heights. In 1966, Toll US 30 was decommissioned and was partly replaced with Illinois Route 190.[38]

US 30S in Ohio[]

U.S. Route 30S marker

U.S. Route 30S

LocationDelphos-Mansfield, Ohio
Existed1920s–1973

Between Van Wert and Mansfield, Ohio, US 30 split into a more direct route as US 30 N and a less direct route, US-30S. U.S. Route 30S, a divided U.S. route of US 30 until November 1973 when what was US 30N became the mainline of US 30.[39][40] US 30S was numbered in the 1920s to avoid conflict from local business owners worried about the diversion of traffic from their shops along the southern route.[41]

The whole of old US 30S in Ohio is now Ohio State Route 309.

Allegheny County truck route[]

Truck plate.svg

U.S. Route 30 Truck marker

U.S. Route 30 Truck

LocationAllegheny County, Pennsylvania
Existed2013–early 2017

U.S. Route 30 Truck was a truck route around a weight-restricted bridge over the South Fork Montour Run in North Fayette Township near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on which trucks over 29 tons and combination loads over 40 tons are prohibited. The route followed Clinton Road and Interstate 376.[21][42]

Philadelphia bypass[]

By-pass plate 1961.svg

U.S. Route 30 Bypass marker

U.S. Route 30 Bypass

LocationBryn Mawr-Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

U.S. Route 30 Bypass (US 30 Byp.) was a bypass route of a section of US 30 between Bryn Mawr and Philadelphia in Pennsylvania. It was also known as U.S. Route 30 Alternate (US 30 Alt.) in Philadelphia. The route began at US 30 in Bryn Mawr and headed southeast on County Line Road, forming the border between Delaware County to the southwest and Montgomery County to the northeast. US 30 Byp. fully entered Delaware County and continued through suburban areas as Haverford Road. The road curved into Montgomery County, where it passed through Penn Wynne, before it crossed into Philadelphia at the US 1/US 13 Byp. (City Avenue) intersection, where it became Haverford Avenue. The bypass route continued east along Haverford Avenue and Lansdowne Avenue, reaching its eastern terminus at another intersection with US 30.[43] PA 201 was originally designated along Haverford Road and Haverford Avenue by 1928, running between US 30 (Lancaster Pike) in Bryn Mawr and US 30 (Lancaster Avenue) in Philadelphia.[44][45] US 30 Byp. was cosigned with PA 201 by 1940, continuing east from PA 201's eastern terminus along Lancaster Avenue, then becoming concurrent with US 1/US 13 on Powelton Avenue, 31st/32nd Streets, and Spring Garden Street before rejoining US 30 across the Schuylkill River at Eakins Oval.[46] By 1950, PA 201 was decommissioned.[47] In the 1950s, the eastern terminus of US 30 Byp. was rerouted along Lansdowne Avenue to end at US 30.[43] US 30 Byp. was decommissioned in the 1960s.[48]

Major intersections
CountyLocationmikmDestinationsNotes
Delaware–Montgomery
county line		Radnor Township–Lower Merion Township line US 30 (Lancaster Avenue)Western terminus
Montgomery–Philadelphia
county line		Lower Merion Township–Philadelphia line
 US 1 / US 13 Byp. (City Avenue)
PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia US 30 (Lancaster Avenue)Eastern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

References[]

  1. ^ "Google Street View". Retrieved May 11, 2018.
  2. ^ 2008 Volume of Traffic on the Primary Road System of Iowa (PDF) (Report). Iowa Department of Transportation. January 1, 2008. Retrieved March 1, 2010.
  3. ^ Iowa State Highway Map (PDF) (Map). Iowa Department of Transportation. 1997. Retrieved April 24, 2010.
  4. ^ Hogan, Dick (December 31, 2001). "Highway 30 Sign Still Not Repaired". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids – Iowa City. p. 5.
  5. ^ DeLorme Street Atlas 2007, Toggle Measure Tool. Retrieved on 2007-07-02.
  6. ^ Google (September 26, 2020). "overview of U.S. Route 30 Business Chester County" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  7. ^ Chester County, Pennsylvania Highway Map (PDF) (Map). PennDOT. 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  8. ^ Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike (Map). Library of Congress. 1796. Retrieved July 2, 2007.
  9. ^ a b "PHMC Historical Markers Search" (Searchable database). Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Retrieved January 25, 2014.
  10. ^ "Official Map of the Lincoln Highway". Lincoln Highway Association. Retrieved January 7, 2014.
  11. ^ "William Penn Highway: US 22 in Pennsylvania". Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved 2007-06-26.
  12. ^ a b Pennsylvania Highway Map (eastern side) (Map). Gulf Oil. 1926. Retrieved December 26, 2007.
  13. ^ a b Bureau of Public Roads & American Association of State Highway Officials (November 11, 1926). United States System of Highways Adopted for Uniform Marking by the American Association of State Highway Officials (Map). 1:7,000,000. Washington, DC: United States Geological Survey. OCLC 32889555. Retrieved November 7, 2013 – via Wikimedia Commons.
  14. ^ "U.S. Numbers For State Highways". Harrisburg Telegraph. January 20, 1928. p. 20. Retrieved August 31, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. open access
  15. ^ "New Numbering System Prepared For Pa. Highways". Warren Tribune. January 28, 1928. p. 7. Retrieved August 31, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. open access
  16. ^ Map of Pennsylvania (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Highways. 1928. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  17. ^ Official Road Map of Pennsylvania (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Highways. 1940. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  18. ^ Official Map of Pennsylvania (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Highways. 1970. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  19. ^ Pennsylvania Official Transportation and Tourism Map (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. 2000. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  20. ^ Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering (October 27, 1995). "Report of the Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering to the Standing Committee on Highways" (PDF) (Report). Washington, DC: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 16, 2017. Retrieved September 26, 2020.
  21. ^ a b "Risk-Based Bridge Postings - State and Local Bridges" (PDF). Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. October 8, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2014.
  22. ^ Google (February 10, 2016). "overview of U.S. Route 30 Business Alternate Truck" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved February 10, 2016.
  23. ^ a b c "Digital Video Log". Oregon Department of Transportation. August 6, 2002. Retrieved December 21, 2014.
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  25. ^ Oregon Department of Transportation, Descriptions of US and OR Routes, July 2007, accessed May 2008
  26. ^ "ORoads: US Route 30 Alternate (Portland)". Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  27. ^ "SYSTEM auto parks and garages of Oregon INC". Retrieved 2011-09-25.
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  35. ^ Iowa State Highway Map (PDF) (Map). Iowa State Highway Commission. 1957. Retrieved April 10, 2010.
  36. ^ Iowa State Highway Map (PDF) (Map). Iowa State Highway Commission. 1968.
  37. ^ a b "Routes in Illinois (21-40)".
  38. ^ Illinois Division of Highways; Rand McNally (1966). Illinois Official Highway Map (Map). [1:772,500]. Springfield: Illinois Division of Highways – via Illinois Digital Archives.
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  40. ^ Butko, Brian (2013) [2005]. Greetings from the Lincoln Highway. Stackpole Books. p. 84. ISBN 9780811711746. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
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  42. ^ Google (August 14, 2015). "overview of U.S. Route 30 Truck in Allegheny County" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved August 14, 2015.
  43. ^ a b Official Map of Pennsylvania (back) (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Highways. 1960. Retrieved January 16, 2014.
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  45. ^ Tourist Map of Pennsylvania (back) (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Highways. 1930. Retrieved January 16, 2014.
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  48. ^ Official Map of Pennsylvania (back) (PDF) (Map). Pennsylvania Department of Highways. 1970. Retrieved January 16, 2014.
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