Symphyotrichum boreale

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Symphyotrichum boreale
Symphyotrichum boreale.jpg

Secure (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Symphyotrichum
Subgenus: Symphyotrichum subg. Symphyotrichum
Section: Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum
Species:
S. boreale
Binomial name
Symphyotrichum boreale
(Torr. & A.Gray) Á.Löve & D.Löve[2]
Symphyotrichum boreale native distribution map: Canada — Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec, Saskatchewan, and Yukon; US — Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Vermont, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
Native distribution[3]
Synonyms[2]

Basionym

  • Aster laxifolius var. borealis Torr. & A.Gray
Alphabetical list

Symphyotrichum boreale (formerly Aster borealis) is a species of flowering plant of the aster family (Asteraceae) native to North America. Commonly known as rush aster, northern bog aster, and slender white aster, it is a perennial, herbaceous plant that may reach 85 centimetres (2 feet 9 inches) high.[4]

Description[]

Symphyotrichum boreale is a perennial herbaceous species that reaches between 13 centimetres (5 inches) and 85 cm (2 ft 9 in) high. The leaves, stem, and overall plant form are slender, and it produces long rhizomes. The inflorescence consists of one to several composite flowers. The ray florets are white to pale purple, and the disc florets are cream or pale yellow, becoming purplish.[4]

Taxonomy[]

refer to caption

Symphyotrichum boreale was formerly included in the large genus Aster as Aster borealis. However, this broad circumscription of Aster is polyphyletic and the North American asters are now mostly classified in Symphyotrichum and several other genera.[5]

Hybrids between this species and Symphyotrichum puniceum have been recorded and are called Symphyotrichum × longulum.[4]

refer to caption
Possible holotype of Aster longulus, basionym of hybrid Symphyotrichum × longulum

Distribution and habitat[]

Symphyotrichum boreale is native to northern North America from Alaska to Newfoundland, and south to Colorado and West Virginia. It is found in wet, calcareous habitats including fens, marshes, swamps and wet meadows.[4]

Ecology[]

In addition to vegetative spread via rhizomes, dispersal is accomplished by wind-blown seed.

The roots are colonised by fungi including arbuscular mycorrhiza and dark septate endophytes. The sac fungus Erysiphe cichoracearum, which causes a powdery mildew, is also known from this species.[6]

Citations[]

  1. ^ NatureServe 2021.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Hassler 2021.
  3. ^ POWO 2021.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Brouillet et al. 2006.
  5. ^ Semple 2021.
  6. ^ Les 2017.

References[]

  • Brouillet, L.; Semple, J.C.; ; ; (2006). "Symphyotrichum boreale". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 20. New York and Oxford. Retrieved 3 July 2021 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  • Hassler, M. (2021). "Symphyotrichum boreale (Torr. & A. Gray) Á. Löve & D. Löve". World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World (version 17 March 2021). Retrieved 16 June 2021 – via Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 10 June 2021 (Roskov, Y.; Ower, G.; Orrell, T.; Nicolson, D.; Bailly, N.; Kirk, P.M.; Bourgoin, T.; DeWalt, R.E.; Decock, W.; van Nieukerken, E.J.; Penev, L.; eds.). Digital resource at Catalogue of Life (www.catalogueoflife.org). Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
  • Les, D.H. (2017). Aquatic Dicotyledons of North America: Ecology, Life History, and Systematics. CRC Press. ISBN 9781482225020.
  • NatureServe (4 June 2021). "Symphyotrichum boreale — Boreal Aster". NatureServe Explorer (explorer.natureserve.org). Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  • POWO (2021). "Symphyotrichum boreale (Torr. & A.Gray) Á.Löve & D.Löve". Plants of the World Online (www.plantsoftheworldonline.org). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 5 September 2021.
  • Semple, J.C. (27 April 2021). "An overview of "asters" and the Tribe Astereae". University of Waterloo (UWaterloo.ca). Waterloo, Ontario: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
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