Symphyotrichum subulatum
| Symphyotrichum subulatum | |
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| Symphyotrichum subulatum in Bell County, Texas, US | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Symphyotrichum |
| Subgenus: | Symphyotrichum subg. Astropolium |
| Species: | S. subulatum
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| Binomial name | |
| Symphyotrichum subulatum | |
| Varieties[3] | |
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| Synonyms[3] | |
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Basionym
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Alphabetical list | |
Symphyotrichum subulatum (formerly Aster subulatus), commonly known as eastern annual saltmarsh aster or, in Britain and Ireland where it is naturalized, annual saltmarsh aster,[4] is an annual plant in the family Asteraceae native to the eastern United States and the Gulf Coast to Texas.[5] The species grows primarily in coastal salt marshes, although in the Ozarks it occurs as a non-marine weedy variety.[6]
Description[]
Symphyotrichum subulatum is an annual forb that possesses a single erect stem that can reach up to 1 meter (3 feet 3 inches) in height. The stem, along with its thin green to dark green leaves, are both hairless. The sheathing base-blades of the leaves are ovulate, and the margins are entire.[7]
The top of the stem extends into a raceme inflorescence. The heads open up into bright yellow disc florets that are surrounded by ray florets that vary in color from white to lavender.[8]
S. subulatum
S. subulatum
S. subulatum
S. subulatum
S. subulatum
Distribution and habitat[]
Symphyotrichum subulatum is a terrestrial species that will typically grow among grasses of any kind.[7] It is found in salt marshes, pond margins, sloughs, swamps, crop field margins, lawns, and roadsides. It is thought to be especially prevalent in these areas because of a tolerance to saline soils and mowing.[9]
S. subulatum is native to the eastern and Gulf Coast areas of the United States. It is also common across Mexico, the West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, and South America.[8]
Taxonomy[]
As of July 2021, four varieties of Symphyotrichum subulatum were accepted by Plants of the World Online (POWO) and Catalogue of Life (COL), as follows, with S. subulatum var. subulatum as the autonym:[3][10]
- S. subulatum var. elongatum
- S. subulatum var. ligulatum
- S. subulatum var. parviflorum
- S. subulatum var. squamatum
Uses[]
According to the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, S. subulatum can be planted to attract butterflies and has value for native bees.[11]
Citations[]
- ^ NatureServe 2021.
- ^ Maiz-Tome 2016.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d POWO 2021.
- ^ BSBI 2007.
- ^ USDA, NRCS 2014.
- ^ Gleason & Cronquist 1991.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Sharma, Bhattacharjee & Lakshminarasimhan 2012.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Brouillet et al. 2006.
- ^ Missouri Native Plant Society 2018.
- ^ Hassler 2021.
- ^ TWC Staff 2018.
References[]
- Brouillet, L.; Semple, J.C.; ; ; (2006). "Symphyotrichum subulatum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 20. New York and Oxford. Retrieved 7 July 2021 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 26 June 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
- Gleason, H.; Cronquist, A. (1991). Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. Bronx, New York: New York Botanical Garden. p. 590. ISBN 0-89327-365-1.
- Hassler, M. (2021). "Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) G. L. Nesom". World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World (version 17 March 2021). Retrieved 7 July 2021 – via Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life, 10 June 2021 (Roskov, Y.; Ower, G.; Orrell, T.; Nicolson, D.; Bailly, N.; Kirk, P.M.; Bourgoin, T.; DeWalt, R.E.; Decock, W.; van Nieukerken, E.J.; Penev, L.; eds.). Digital resource at Catalogue of Life (www.catalogueoflife.org). Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. ISSN 2405-8858.
- Maiz-Tome, L. (2016). "Aster subulatus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (www.iucnredlist.org). Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T19035773A78457022.en. ISSN 2307-8235. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- Missouri Native Plant Society (19 November 2018). "Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) G.L.Nesom — Inland Saltmarsh Aster". Retrieved 17 July 2021.
- NatureServe (2 July 2021). "Symphyotrichum subulatum Annual Saltmarsh Aster". NatureServe Explorer (explorer.natureserve.org). Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- POWO (2021). "Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) G.L.Nesom". Plants of the World Online (www.plantsoftheworldonline.org). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- Sharma, M.; Bhattacharjee, B.; Lakshminarasimhan, P. (December 2012). "Symphyotrichum subulatum (Asteraceae) — a first report of an alien weed in India". Nelumbo. Salt Lake City, Kolkata: Botanical Survey of India. 54 (December 2012): 252–254. ISSN 0976-5069. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- TWC Staff (19 September 2018). "Symphyotrichum subulatum". Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center (www.wildflower.org). University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
- USDA, NRCS (2014). "Symphyotrichum subulatum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
show Species of the Symphyotrichum genus |
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- NatureServe secure species
- IUCN Red List least concern species
- Symphyotrichum
- Flora of Ontario
- Flora of the United States
- Flora of Mexico
- Plants used in traditional Native American medicine
- Plants described in 1803
- Taxa named by André Michaux