Tetragnatha

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Tetragnatha
Temporal range: Palaeogene– Present
Tetragnatha.extensa.female.jpg
female T. extensa
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Tetragnathidae
Genus: Tetragnatha
Latreille, 1804[1]
Type species
T. extensa
Species

320, see text

Synonyms[1]
  • Arundognatha Wiehle, 1963[2]
  • Eucta Simon, 1881[2]
  • Prionolaema Simon, 1894[3]

Tetragnatha is a genus of long-jawed orb-weavers found all over the world. It was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804,[4] and it contains hundreds of species. Most occur in the tropics and subtropics, and many can run over water. They are commonly called stretch spiders in reference to their elongated body form and their ability to hide on blades of grass or similar elongated substrates by stretching their front legs forward and the others behind them. The name Tetragnatha is derived from Greek, tetra- a numerical prefix referring to four and gnatha meaning "jaw". On the Hawaiian islands, a shift of cursorial behavior occurred long ago, when their ancestors first arrived on the island chain.[5]

One of the biggest and most common species is T. extensa, which has a holarctic distribution. It can be found near lakes, river banks or swamps.[6] Large numbers of individuals can often be found in reeds, tall grass, and around minor trees and shrubs.

Species[]

Unknown species
Tetragnatha species resting on jewelweed

As of March 2021 it contains 320 species and ten subspecies, found all over the world, including Greenland:[1]

  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Cantor, 1842 – China
  • (Simon, 1894) – Venezuela
  • Gillespie, 1994 – Hawaii
  • Simon, 1905 – Chile, Argentina
  • Okuma, 1987 – New Guinea
  • Walckenaer, 1841 – Vietnam
  • Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.), Bangladesh
  • Lawrence, 1927 – Namibia
  • Okuma & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1988 – Angola
  • Thorell, 1877 – Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi), New Guinea, Australia
  • Hogg, 1914 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Gillespie, 2002 – Hawaii
  • Mello-Leitão, 1931 – Argentina
  • Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina
  • T. armata Karsch, 1892 – Sri Lanka
  • Banks, 1898 – Mexico
  • Strand, 1913 – Central Africa
  • (Mello-Leitão, 1945) – Argentina
  • Hingston, 1927 – Myanmar
  • Barrion-Dupo, Barrion & Heong, 2013 – China
  • Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
  • Walckenaer, 1841 – India
  • White, 1841 – Australia (Tasmania)
  • Roewer, 1951 – Chile
  • Thorell, 1881 – New Guinea, Papua New Guinea (New Britain), Australia (Queensland)
  • Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana
  • L. Koch, 1867 – Japan, New Guinea, Australia
  • Chrysanthus, 1975 – New Guinea
  • Keyserling, 1865 – Mexico to Paraguay, Caribbean, Italy (Sardinia), Africa, Seychelles, Yemen, India, Nepal, China
  • Okuma, 1981 – Japan
  • Caporiacco, 1947 – Tanzania, Kenya
  • Levi, 1981 – USA
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Roewer, 1951 – Puerto Rico
  • (Strand, 1909) – South Africa
  • Roewer, 1942 – Mexico, Central America, Puerto Rico
  • T. caudata Emerton, 1884 – North, Central America, Cuba, Jamaica
  • (Karsch, 1879) – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
  • (Keyserling, 1887) – Australia (New South Wales)
  • Schenkel, 1963 – China
  • Strand, 1906 – Ethiopia
  • O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869 – South Africa, Seychelles, India, Thailand, Philippines, New Guinea, Japan (Ryukyu Is.)
  • (Gajbe, 2004) – India
  • (Thorell, 1890) – India, Myanmar to New Guinea, Japan
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • (Chamberlin, 1924) – China
  • Castanheira & Baptista, 2020 — China, Taiwan, Japan
  • T. chrysochlora (Audouin, 1826) – Egypt
  • Bertkau, 1880 – Brazil
  • Simon, 1887 – Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Congo
  • Gravely, 1921 – India
  • Pocock, 1901 – India
  • O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – Guatemala to Panama
  • Grube, 1861 – Russia (Far East)
  • Chrysanthus, 1975 – New Guinea
  • Simon, 1900 – Hawaii
  • (Keyserling, 1887) – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)
  • Walckenaer, 1841 – New Guinea, Australia, Fiji
  • Lawrence, 1952 – Congo
  • Thorell, 1873 – North America, Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East)
  • Thorell, 1891 – India (Nicobar Is.)
  • L. Koch, 1872 – Australia. Introduced to Cyprus, South Africa, Tanzania, Seychelles, Tonga
  • Simon, 1907 – Sierra Leone, Congo
  • Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • T. determinata Karsch, 1892 – Sri Lanka
  • O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899 – Mexico, Costa Rica
  • Okuma, 1992 – Panama
  • T. elongata Walckenaer, 1841 – Canada to Argentina, Caribbean
  • Petrunkevitch, 1930 – Jamaica, Puerto Rico
  • Okuma, 1988 – Taiwan
  • Okuma, 1987 – New Guinea
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Chickering, 1957 – Jamaica
  • Saito, 1933 – Japan
  • T. extensa (Linnaeus, 1758) (type) – North America, Greenland, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iraq, Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan
  • Thorell, 1881 – Indonesia
  • Chickering, 1962 – Jamaica
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Roewer, 1942 – Guyana
  • Mello-Leitão, 1943 – Brazil
  • Schenkel, 1936 – China
  • Simon, 1907 – Congo, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko), São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Hasselt, 1882 – Indonesia (Sumatra)
  • (Audouin, 1826) – Egypt
  • Urquhart, 1891 – New Zealand
  • Gravely, 1921 – India, Bangladesh
  • Simon, 1902 – Central, East Africa
  • Hingston, 1927 – India (Nicobar Is.)
  • T. foveata Karsch, 1892 – Sri Lanka, Laccadive Is., Maldive Is.
  • Chickering, 1957 – Panama
  • Brignoli, 1983 – Cuba
  • Strand, 1913 – New Guinea
  • L. Koch, 1872 – Australia (Queensland)
  • T. geniculata Karsch, 1892 – Sri Lanka to China, Vietnam
  • Chickering, 1957 – Panama
  • Roewer, 1942 – French Guiana
  • Zhao & Peng, 2010 – China
  • (Bryant, 1923) – USA, Antigua, Martinique
  • (Thorell, 1890) – Indonesia (Sumatra)
  • Pocock, 1903 – Yemen (Socotra)
  • Okuma, 1988 – Borneo
  • Okuma, 1987 – New Guinea
  • T. guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – North, Central America, Cuba, Jamaica
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • Thorell, 1898 – Myanmar
  • Thorell, 1890 – India to China, Indonesia (Sulawesi)
    • Sherriffs, 1919 – Myanmar
  • Simon, 1907 – Sierra Leone, Gabon, São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Simon, 1900 – Hawaii
  • Barrion & Barrion-Dupo, 2011 – China
  • Okuma, 1987 – New Guinea
  • Okuma, 1988 – Taiwan
  • Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela
  • Okuma, 1987 – Australia (Lord Howe Is.)
  • Hogg, 1913 – Falkland Is.
  • Okuma, 1987 – Australia (Lord Howe Is.)
  • Kulczyński, 1891 – Madeira, Portugal to Turkey
  • Okuma, 1991 – Japan (Okinawa)
  • Stoliczka, 1869 – India
  • (Simon, 1880) – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Iran, Kazakhstan to India
  • Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Tullgren, 1910 – Africa to China, New Guinea. Introduced to Barbados, Trinidad
  • (Thorell, 1890) – Africa, Asia
  • (Thorell, 1897) – Myanmar
  • Okuma, 1988 – India, Malaysia, Singapore
  • Pavesi, 1895 – Ethiopia
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Marquesas Is.
  • Simon, 1900 – Hawaii
  • Gillespie, 1994 – Hawaii
  • Simon, 1890 – Central America, Caribbean, Brazil, Africa, Korea, India to Philippines, New Hebrides, Polynesia
  • Biswas & Raychaudhuri, 1996 – Bangladesh
  • Gillespie, 2002 – Hawaii
  • Strand, 1913 – Central Africa
  • Hogg, 1919 – Indonesia (Sumatra)
  • Caporiacco, 1949 – Kenya
  • Gillespie, 2002 – Hawaii
  • Gillespie, 2002 – Hawaii
  • Nicolet, 1849 – Chile
  • T. laboriosa Hentz, 1850 – North, Central America
  • Strand, 1907 – East Africa
  • Kulczyński, 1911 – New Guinea
  • Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China
  • L. Koch, 1872 – Japan (Ogasawara Is.) to South Pacific Is.
  • Tullgren, 1910 – East Africa
  • Yaginuma, 1959 – China (Hong Kong), Korea, Laos, Taiwan, Japan
  • Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 – Russia (Far East), Japan, Korea?
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Hawaii
  • Rainbow, 1916 – Australia (Queensland)
  • Okuma, 1992 – Mexico
  • Chickering, 1962 – Jamaica
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Hawaii
  • Nicolet, 1849 – Colombia, Chile
  • Roewer, 1942 – Malaysia
  • Karsch, 1878 – Mozambique
  • Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina, Brazil
  • Simon, 1907 – Guinea-Bissau
  • Simon, 1908 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Chickering, 1957 – Panama, Trinidad
  • L. Koch, 1872 – Australia (Norfolk Is.) to French Polynesia (Society Is.)
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Simon, 1907 – São Tomé and Príncipe
  • Blackwall, 1865 – Cape Verde Is.
  • Simon, 1908 – Australia (Western Australia)
  • Gillespie, 1994 – Hawaii
  • Okuma, 1977 – Russia (Far East), Japan (mainland, Ryukyu Is.)
  • T. mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841 – Central America, Caribbean, Guyana, Brazil, West Africa, India to Philippines, Australia
  • Roberts, 1983 – Seychelles (Aldabra)
  • L. Koch, 1872 – Australia (Queensland)
  • (Thorell, 1890) – Myanmar to New Caledonia
  • Berland, 1935 – Marquesas Is.
  • Dierkens, 2011 – Martinique
  • Strand, 1913 – Central Africa
  • Castanheira & Baptista, 2020 — Brazil
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • Strand, 1911 – Indonesia (Aru Is.)
  • Keyserling, 1865 – Mexico to Panama
  • Kulczyński, 1911 – New Guinea, Solomon Is.
  • O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 – Syria, Lebanon, Israel
  • Kulczyński, 1911 – New Guinea
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • T. montana Simon, 1874 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia
  • Okuma, 1987 – New Guinea
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Tahiti
  • Gravely, 1921 – Myanmar
  • Urquhart, 1891 – New Zealand
  • Okuma, 1987 – New Guinea
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • Doleschall, 1859 – Indonesia (Java)
  • Butler, 1876 – Mauritius (Rodriguez)
  • Simon, 1900 – Hawaii
  • Dalmas, 1917 – New Zealand
  • Simon, 1898 – Seychelles
  • Lendl, 1886 – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Japan
  • Roewer, 1961 – Senegal
  • T. nitens (Audouin, 1826) – Asia. Introduced to the Americas, Madeira, Canary Is., Mediterranean, Madagascar, Pacific islands, New Zealand
  • Simon, 1907 – West Africa
  • Simon, 1907 – Guinea-Bissau
  • Boeris, 1889 – Peru
  • Berland, 1924 – New Caledonia
  • Simon, 1901 – Malaysia
  • Denis, 1955 – Niger
  • Gillespie, 2002 – Hawaii
  • Caporiacco, 1940 – Ethiopia
  • C. L. Koch, 1837 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia
  • Denis, 1955 – Niger
  • Barrion & Litsinger, 1995 – Philippines
  • Karsch, 1880 – Polynesia
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Marquesas Is.
  • Okuma, 1987 – New Guinea
  • (Banks, 1898) – Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica
  • Berland, 1924 – New Caledonia
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Hawaii
  • T. pallescens F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903 – North, Central America, Caribbean
  • O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – Costa Rica, Panama
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Caporiacco, 1940 – Ethiopia
  • L. Koch, 1872 – Macronesia, Polynesia, Hawaii
  • Kulczyński, 1911 – New Guinea
  • Pocock, 1901 – India
  • Okuma, 1992 – Costa Rica
  • (Mello-Leitão, 1939) – Paraguay
  • Badcock, 1932 – Paraguay
  • Thorell, 1891 – India (Nicobar Is.)
  • Berland, 1924 – Easter Is.
  • Simon, 1900 – Hawaii
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Kulczyński, 1911 – New Guinea
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • L. Koch, 1870 – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan
  • Simon, 1898 – Caribbean
  • T. planata Karsch, 1892 – Sri Lanka
  • Chamberlin, 1924 – China
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • L. Koch, 1878 – Russia (Far East), China, Laos, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
  • Okuma, 1987 – Solomon Is.
  • Walckenaer, 1841 – Madagascar to Australia, New Caledonia, Palau Is.
  • Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China
  • Thorell, 1895 – Myanmar, Indonesia (Sumatra), New Guinea
  • Thorell, 1877 – Indonesia (Sumatra, Sulawesi)
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Marquesas Is.
  • Urquhart, 1893 – Australia (Tasmania)
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Chamberlin, 1916 – Peru
  • Chrysanthus, 1975 – New Guinea
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Tahiti
  • (Rosca, 1939) – Central, Eastern Europe
  • Castanheira & Baptista, 2020 — Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • Simon, 1900 – Hawaii
  • Chamberlin, 1924 – China
  • Barrion, 1998 – Philippines
  • Strand, 1911 – Polynesia
  • Berland, 1913 – Ecuador
  • Caporiacco, 1949 – Kenya
  • Chrysanthus, 1975 – New Guinea
  • (Berland, 1924) – New Caledonia
  • Doleschall, 1857 – New Guinea, Australia (Queensland)
  • Chamberlin, 1916 – Peru
  • Doleschall, 1857 – Thailand to China (Hong Kong), New Guinea
  • Strand, 1907 – China
  • Okuma & Chikuni, 1978 – Korea, Japan
  • Levi, 1981 – USA, Canada, Europe, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China
  • Caporiacco, 1940 – Ethiopia
  • Okuma, 1987 – New Guinea
  • Nicolet, 1849 – Chile
  • Roewer, 1961 – Senegal
  • Chickering, 1957 – Panama
  • Simon, 1900 – Hawaii
  • Chamberlin, 1924 – China
  • Karsch, 1879 – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Chrysanthus, 1975 – New Guinea
  • Nicolet, 1849 – Chile
  • Simon, 1907 – Congo
  • T. straminea Emerton, 1884 – USA, Canada, Cuba
  • Lessert, 1915 – East, Southern Africa
  • Strand, 1907 – China
  • L. Koch, 1862 – Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan
  • Strand, 1907 – Congo
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • Petrunkevitch, 1930 – Jamaica, Puerto Rico
  • Okuma, 1985 – Tanzania, South Africa
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • Gravely, 1921 – India
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Marquesas Is.
  • Okuma, 1988 – Japan (Ryukyu Is.)
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1891 – South Africa
  • T. tenera Thorell, 1881 – India, Sri Lanka, Australia (Queensland)
  • O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – Guatemala to Panama
  • O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 – Mexico, Caribbean to Brazil
  • Chamberlin, 1916 – Peru
  • (Simon, 1894) – West Africa
  • Simon, 1909 – Vietnam
  • T. torrensis Schmidt & Piepho, 1994 – Cape Verde Is.
  • Thorell, 1878 – Indonesia
  • Banks, 1909 – Costa Rica
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Society Is.
  • Lessert, 1915 – Central, East Africa
  • Gillespie, 2003 – Hawaii
  • Simon, 1900 – Hawaii
  • Tullgren, 1910 – East, South Africa
  • (Butler, 1876) – Mauritius (Rodriguez)
  • Keyserling, 1887 – Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Tasmania)
  • Emerton, 1884 – Temperate and tropical Asia. Introduced to North and Central America, Brazil
  • T. versicolor Walckenaer, 1841 – North, Central America, Cuba
  • T. virescens Okuma, 1979 – Bangladesh, Sri Lanka to Indonesia, Philippines
  • T. viridis Walckenaer, 1841 – USA, Canada
  • Gravely, 1921 – India
  • Chickering, 1957 – Jamaica
  • Gillespie, 1992 – Hawaii
  • Chrysanthus, 1975 – New Guinea, Papua New Guinea (Bismarck Arch.), Australia (Queensland)
  • Saito, 1934 – Russia (Far East), China, Korea, Japan
  • Zhao & Peng, 2010 – China
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • (Caporiacco, 1926) – Italy
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
  • Barrion, Barrion-Dupo & Heong, 2013 – China

In synonymy:

  • T. aduncata Wang, 1991 = Tetragnatha hasselti Thorell, 1890
  • T. alba F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903 = Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz, 1850
  • T. amplidens Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. andina Taczanowski, 1878 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. anirensis Strand, 1915 = Tetragnatha biseriata Thorell, 1881
  • T. antillana Simon, 1897 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. apheles Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha mexicana Keyserling, 1865
  • T. aptans Chamberlin, 1920 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. banksi McCook, 1894 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889
  • T. bemalcuei Mello-Leitão, 1939 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. borealis L. Koch, 1879 = Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873
  • T. boydi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1898 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. boydi Tullgren, 1910 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. caporiaccoi Platnick, 1993 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. casula Walckenaer, 1841 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. cliens Chamberlin, 1924 = Tetragnatha nigrita Lendl, 1886
  • T. conformans Chamberlin, 1924 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890
  • T. confraterna Banks, 1909 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. convexa Banks, 1898 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. coreana Seo & Paik, 1981 = Tetragnatha vermiformis Emerton, 1884
  • T. culicivora Walckenaer, 1841 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. decipiens Badcock, 1932 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. dentigera F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1903 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. earmra Levi, 1981 = Tetragnatha gracilis (Bryant, 1923)
  • T. eitapensis Strand, 1913 = Tetragnatha ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869
  • T. elmora Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. ethodon Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890
  • T. festina Bryant, 1945 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. filiformis (Audouin, 1826) = Tetragnatha flava (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. foliifera Simon, 1898 = Tetragnatha demissa L. Koch, 1872
  • T. fraterna Banks, 1898 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889
  • T. fuerteventurensis Wunderlich, 1992 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. galapagoensis Banks, 1902 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. graciliventris Schenkel, 1963 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. grenda Roberts, 1983 = Tetragnatha demissa L. Koch, 1872
  • T. groenlandica Thorell, 1872 = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • T. haitiensis Bryant, 1945 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. harrodi Levi, 1951 = Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873
  • T. heatwolei Chrysanthus, 1975 = Tetragnatha bituberculata L. Koch, 1867
  • T. hotingchiehi Schenkel, 1963 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. huahinensis Berland, 1942 = Tetragnatha macilenta L. Koch, 1872
  • T. infuscata Benoit, 1978 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. intermedia Banks, 1898 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889
  • T. japonica Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890
  • T. kaestneri (Crome, 1954) = Tetragnatha reimoseri (Rosca, 1939)
  • T. kochi Thorell, 1895 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890
  • T. kovblyuki Marusik, 2010 = Tetragnatha shoshone Levi, 1981
  • T. laudativa Gertsch & Mulaik, 1936 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889
  • T. limnocharis Seeley, 1928 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. listeri Gravely, 1921 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890
  • T. mackenziei Gravely, 1921 = Tetragnatha vermiformis Emerton, 1884
  • T. maderiana Schenkel, 1938 (described as subspecies of T. extensa) = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • T. mandibulata Gravely, 1921 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. manitoba Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • T. marianna Archer, 1940 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. maxillosa Thorell, 1895 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890
  • T. maxillosa Strand, 1911 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890
  • T. modesta Hirst, 1911 = Tetragnatha ceylonica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869
  • T. munda Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1929 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. necatoria Tullgren, 1910 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. nigrita Strand, 1906 = Tetragnatha praedonia L. Koch, 1878
  • T. nitens (Hogg, 1911) = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. nitens Wiehle, 1962 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. numa Levi & Levi, 1955 = Tetragnatha laboriosa Hentz, 1850
  • T. obtusa Kulczyński, 1891 = Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873
  • T. pelusia (Audouin, 1826) = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. peninsulana Banks, 1898 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. peruviana Taczanowski, 1878 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. petrunkevitchi Caporiacco, 1947 = Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. pinea Seeley, 1928 = Tetragnatha viridis Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. potanini Schenkel, 1963 = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • T. producta (Franganillo, 1930) = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. propioides Schenkel, 1936 = Tetragnatha keyserlingi Simon, 1890
  • T. punctipes Westring, 1874 = Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873
  • T. qiuae Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 = Tetragnatha shoshone Levi, 1981
  • T. quadridens Dondale, 1966 = Tetragnatha demissa L. Koch, 1872
  • T. ramboi Mello-Leitão, 1943 = Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865
  • T. recurva Schenkel, 1936 = Tetragnatha squamata Karsch, 1879
  • T. rusticana Chickering, 1959 = Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • T. sanctitata Walckenaer, 1841 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. seminola Gertsch, 1936 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. seneca Seeley, 1928 = Tetragnatha guatemalensis O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889
  • T. shikokiana Yaginuma, 1960 = Tetragnatha vermiformis Emerton, 1884
  • T. siduo Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. soaresi Camargo, 1950 = Tetragnatha longidens Mello-Leitão, 1945
  • T. steckleri Gertsch & Ivie, 1936 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
  • T. trapezoides Walckenaer, 1841 = Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. tropica O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889 = Tetragnatha elongata Walckenaer, 1841
  • T. valoka Chrysanthus, 1975 = Tetragnatha biseriata Thorell, 1881
  • T. vermiventris Schenkel, 1963 = Tetragnatha javana (Thorell, 1890)
  • T. vicina Simon, 1897 = Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Gen. Tetragnatha Latreille, 1804". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-12-01.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Levi, H. W. (1981). "The American orb-weaver genera Dolichognatha and Tetragnatha north of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae, Tetragnathinae)". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 149: 282.
  3. ^ Dimitrov, D.; Álvarez-Padilla, F.; Hormiga, G. (2008). "Until dirt do us apart: On the unremarkable palp morphology of the spider Sternospina concretipalpis Schmidt & Krause, 1993, with comments on the genus Prionolaema Simon, 1894 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae)". Zootaxa. 1698: 51.
  4. ^ Latreille, P. A. (1804). "Tableau methodique des Insectes". Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. 24: 129–295.
  5. ^ Gillespie, R.G.; Croom, H.B.; Palumbi, S.R. (1994). "Multiple origins of a spider radiation in Hawaii". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 91 (6): 2290–2294. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.6.2290. PMC 43356. PMID 8134390.
  6. ^ Hänggi, Ambros; Stöckli, Edi; Nentwig, Wolfgang (1995). Lebensräume Mitteleuropäischer Spinnen. Miscellanea Faunistica Helvetiae – Centre suisse de cartographie de la faune, Neuchatel. ISBN 2-88414-008-5.

Media related to Tetragnatha at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Tetragnatha at Wikispecies

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