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Timeline
Though not a complete history, herein is a list of what many would consider most of the "game" changers that made arcade experiences so powerful and nostalgic. (The list cuts off around the early 2000s, missing another 10+ years of games from the dwindling era of arcade popularity; though some still exist in specific locales.)
At Stanford University, two students release the PDP-11-based machine Galaxy Game. It is a clone of Spacewar!, one of the earliest video games, developed in 1962.
Syzygy Engineering, a precursor to Atari, Inc. launches Computer Space, the first commercial video arcade game, also being a Spacewar! derivative.
1972
Atari, Inc. launches Pong, the first commercially successful video game. It is also the first arcade sports video game.
1974
Taito releases Speed Race, which introduces scrolling sprite graphics,[1] and features a racing wheel controller.[2] Midway releases it as Racer in the United States.[1]
1975
Midway MFG. releases Gun Fight, an adaptation of Taito's Western Gun and the first arcade video game to use a microprocessor, which the original incarnation did not use, allowing for improved graphics and smoother animation.[3]
Dr. Reiner Foerst releases Nürburgring 1 in Germany. It is recognized as the world's first first-personracing video game or the first three-dimensional racing video game.[4]
Atari, Inc. releases Hi-way, which was Atari's first game to use a cockpit cabinet.[5]
Atari, Inc. releases Indy 800, Gameplay is a simulation of an Indianapolis 500 style race, the cabinet also features overhead mirrors to allow spectators to watch the game while it's being played.
Atari, Inc releases Super Bug, which was designed by Howard Delman who also designed Canyon Bomber.
Midway releases Boot Hill, which is a sequel to the 1975 video game Gun Fight.
Golden age (1978–1986)[]
See also: Golden age of video arcade games and List of best-selling arcade games
1978
Taito releases Space Invaders, the first blockbuster arcade video game,[11] responsible for starting the golden age of video arcade games. It also sets the template for the shoot 'em up genre,[12] and influences nearly every shooter game released since then.[13]
1979
Atari releases Lunar Lander and Asteroids, a major hit in the United States and Atari's best selling game of all time.[14]
Namco releases Galaxian, which is in RGB colour.[15]
1980
Sun Electronics releases Speak & Rescue (スピーク&レスキュー) in May 1980, released in North America as Stratovox and released in North America by Taito. It is the first video game with voice synthesis.[16]
Atari releases Battlezone, a first-person shooter tank combat game.
Namco releases Pac-Man, its biggest-selling game. One of the most influential games, it had the first gaming mascotcharacter, established the maze chase genre, opened gaming to female audiences,[17] and introduced power-ups[18] and cutscenes.[19]
Sega/Gremlin releases Space Fury, the first color vector arcade game.[20]
Nintendo releases Donkey Kong, which was one of the first platform games. It was also the game that introduced Mario (named simply "Jumpman" at the time) to the video game world.
Namco releases Galaga, sequel to Galaxian.
Konami releases Scramble, the first side-scrolling shooter with forced scrolling and multiple distinct levels.[21]
Konami releases Frogger, a popular arcade action game.
Williams Electronics release Defender, a more challenging shoot-em-up space game with control configuration of five buttons and a joystick.
1982
Williams Electronics releases Joust.
Namco releases Pole Position, one of the most popular racing games of all time.[22] This is also Namco's first game to feature a 16-bit CPU making it the first 16-bit video game.
1983
Bally Midway releases Journey, the first game with digitized sprites.
Astron Belt, the first laserdisc video game, is released by Sega.
Dragon's Lair, the first video game to use cel-animated video instead of computer-generated graphics was advertised as the first truly 3D video game and as the meeting point of video games and animated films.
Atari brings Star Wars to the arcades in the form of a 3D vector graphics simulation of the movie's attack on the Death Star sequence and featuring digitized samples of voices from the movie.
Gradius (Nemesis in some countries) is released by Konami.
Space Harrier is released by Sega
Vs. Super Mario Bros., the arcade version of Super Mario Bros. originally on the Nintendo Entertainment System (Famicom in Japan), is released into arcades.
Tehkan World Cup, the father of soccer games with an above view of the field, is released by Tehkan,[23] who also release its stablemate, Gridiron Fight.
Air Race was also planned to be released by Atari in 1985. Due to the high cost of the hardware, the game also was cancelled. If released, it would have been the first arcade racing game to use 3D polygon graphics.[24][25]
The Empire Strikes Back is released and became Atari's last major vector-based arcade game.[26]
Paperboy was also released by Atari Games.
1986
Taito releases Bubble Bobble.
Sega releases Out Run.
Chiller by Exidy is released and is an early example of blood and gore.[27]
Top Gunner by Exidy is released and is the last commercial arcade video game to use vector-based(wireframe) graphics.
Turbo Kourier is released by the Vivid Group and is the first coin-operated Virtual Reality arcade video game to use 3D Polygon Graphics.[28][29]
Post-golden age (1987–present)[]
This article needs to be updated. Please help update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information.(November 2011)
1987
Technōs Japan releases Double Dragon. It became a huge hit, paving the way for beat 'em up games.
1988
NARC, by Williams is released and is the first commercially released game to use a 32-bit processor.
Namco releases Assault, which was the first game to make use of massive sprite rotation as well as sprite scaling. It also released Splatterhouse, which was the first game to get a parental advisory disclaimer.
by Taito is released and is the first coin-operated flight simulation to use 3D polygon graphics and runs on Taito's Air System board.
Tetris makes the jump from home to arcade as an Atari coin-op.
1989
by Gottlieb is released and is the first video game to use fully digitized graphics in every element of the game. This was Gottlieb's last video game.
Hard Drivin', by Atari Games is released and is the second arcade driving game to have 3D polygonal graphics.
S.T.U.N. Runner is released by Atari Games and is known for early use of high-speed 3-D Polygonal Graphics.
1990
Pit-Fighter is released by Atari Games and is the first-ever fighting game to use fully digitized graphics. Released two years before Midway's Mortal Kombat.
Galaxian³ is released by Namco as a video game Theme Park Attraction and is the first to feature 8-players. This game is a sequel to the Galaxian series and is known for combining pre-laserdisc background images and 3D Polygonal graphics. It was later released as an arcade cabinet to the public in 1994.
NAM-1975 is released by SNK and is the first game running on a Neo Geo hardware and became the standardized arcade platform throughout the 90s to the early 2000s. Many 2D fighting games like Fatal Fury, World Heroes, and Samurai Showdown ran on this hardware and was very popular in the arcades for its time.
1991
Capcom releases Street Fighter II, revolutionizing competitive play in the arcade setting and setting the template for fighting games.
1992
Midway Games releases Mortal Kombat, which features blood and fatalities.
Sega releases Virtua Racing, Sega's first 3D racer as well as Sega's first polygonal 3D game.
1993
Mortal Kombat II is released, featuring high quality digitized graphics, and the most advanced sound system in arcades at the time, the DCS sound system which allowed for MP3 style compression to all sounds.
Sega releases Virtua Fighter, the first 3D fighting game.
1994
Killer Instinct is released, the first arcade game with a hard disk, up to that point the game with the highest quality graphics pre-rendered by a rendering program, featuring to this day the highest quality use of the movie background technique.
Midway Games releases Mortal Kombat 3, which was part of the Mortal Kombat series.
1996
SNK releases Metal Slug, a run and gun game widely known for its sense of humor, fluid hand-drawn animation, and fast-paced two-player action.
1998
Konami releases Dance Dance Revolution, an arcade game with four arrow pads that the players used to "dance." This game would create many sequels and spin-offs.
Gauntlet Legends is released by Atari Games and it is the first game in the Gauntlet series to be produced in 3D and is the last Gauntlet game released by Atari Games.
1999
Rush 2049 is released, the last arcade game to bear the Atari Games logo. Atari Games in Milpitas is renamed Midway Games West, and closes its coin-op product development division.
Hydro Thunder is released by Midway Games. It is a 3D speedboat racing game and was one of the first to run on QuickSilver II hardware, a windows-based hardware setup that was less expensive to use. The game was one of Midway Games most successful arcade games to date.
Derby Owners Club which was the first large-scale satellite arcade machine with smartcards, which have become a staple in Japanese game centers since.
2000
Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes is released by Capcom and runs on Sega's NAOMI hardware. This game combines 2D character sprites, background arenas and special effects are 3D polygon based.
2001
Namco releases Tekken 4, the first talking game to feature almost all characters talking to one another.
Sega releases Virtua Fighter 4, the first arcade game with online features in Japan.
2002
Arctic Thunder Special Edition is released and is the last arcade game by Midway Games and runs on a PC based Hardware Midway Graphite. Its arcade division was later shut down.
Sega launched World Club Champion Football, which introduced trading cards, which have become a staple in Japanese game centers.
^ abBill Loguidice & Matt Barton (2009), Vintage games: an insider look at the history of Grand Theft Auto, Super Mario, and the most influential games of all time, p. 197, Focal Press, ISBN0-240-81146-1