Turka, Ukraine

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Turka
Турка
Turka Panoramic View
Turka Panoramic View
Flag of Turka
Flag
Coat of arms of Turka
Coat of arms
Turka is located in Lviv Oblast
Turka
Turka
Location of Turka
Coordinates: 49°09′27″N 23°01′21″E / 49.15750°N 23.02250°E / 49.15750; 23.02250Coordinates: 49°09′27″N 23°01′21″E / 49.15750°N 23.02250°E / 49.15750; 23.02250
Country Ukraine
Oblast Lviv Oblast
RaionTurka Raion
First mentioned1431
Government
 • MayorYuri Kasyuhnych
Elevation
557 m (1,827 ft)
Population
 (2021)
 • Total6,968
Area code(s)+380
Websitehttps://turka-mrada.gov.ua/

Turka (Ukrainian: Турка, Турка над Стрийом (old), Polish: Turka, Turka nad Stryjem (old), Yiddish: טורקא‎) is a city located at the confluence of the Stryi River and the (Ukrainian: Яблунька) in Lviv Oblast (region) of western Ukraine (in the Carpathian Mountains). It is the administrative center of Turka Raion. Population: 6,968 (2021 est.)[1].

Name[]

The name Turka originates from Ukrainian word, тур (tur), meaning aurochs or urus (Latin: Bos primigenius), the ancestor of domestic cattle — a type of huge wild cattle which inhabited in the surrounding forests (it survived in Europe until 1627).[2] In another version the city's name derives from the Ukrainian name of the gate-towers, "Turia" (Ukrainian: Tурія), "Turja" (Ukrainian: Тур'я), "Turnia"(Ukrainian: Турня), which stood at the entrance to an ancient settlement.

The origin of the name may also be linked to the Turks since the area was under the Hun Empire and they are considered as ancestors of Turks.[citation needed] Also, Turkic tribes were nomadic, settling in various places and assimilating.

Location[]

The city is located in the south Lviv Oblast, in the Carpathian Mountains, on the left bank of the Stryi River, with its tributaries, the (Ukrainian: Яблунька) and (Ukrainian: Літмир), and between the mountains Shymenka (Ukrainian: Шименка), Kychera (Ukrainian: Кичера), Vinets' (Ukrainian: Вінець) and Osovnya (Ukrainian: Осовня).
City is located 137 km from Lviv, 107 km from Uzhhorod, 75 km from Drohobych, at an altitude of 557 meters above sea level.
The location of initial settlement outpost, from which arose Turka, was determined by the so-called "Path of Rus" - Neolithic trade route that connected through the Turka Western Europe to Hungary, Moldova and the Balkan countries.

History[]

On June 27, 1431, King Władysław II Jagiełło presented Turka to a man named Vancza Valachus. This was confirmed in 1444 by King Władysław III of Poland, and by Sigismund I the Old in 1517. In 1730 Turka received Magdeburg rights, and three years laters, a Roman Catholic parish was opened here. Until the Partitions of Poland, Turka remained in Kingdom of Poland’s Przemyśl Land, Ruthenian Voivodeship. From 1772 to 1918 the town belonged to Austrian Galicia.

In the Second Polish Republic, Turka was the seat of a county in Lwów Voivodeship. It was home to a county court, private high school and tax office. In 1921, Turka had the population of 10 030, including 4 201 Jews. At that time, its starosta was Tadeusz Zawistowski, and the mayor was Michał Grudziński.

Following the September 1939 Invasion of Poland, Turka was occupied by the Soviet Union. In June 1941, the town was captured by the Wehrmacht, and its Jewish population perished in the Holocaust. After World War II, the town was reattached to the Soviet Ukraine, and its Polish community was expelled to the so-called Recovered Territories.

Administrative status[]

Turka is the administrative center of the Turkivskyi Raion (districts) and the unofficial capital of Boykos country (Ukrainian: Бойківщина).

Demography[]

The population is 7306 people in 1114 homes (2006) 99% of the population are Ukrainian.
Dynamics of population in the past:

  • 1880 — 4,685 inhabitants (1,786 Rusyns, 537 Poles, 2,356 German; of them: 1,837 Greek-Catholic, 450 Catholics, 2,398 Jews).[3]
  • 1916 — 6,080 inhabitants (including - 3,000 Jews)[4]
  • 1921 — 10,030 inhabitants (including - 4,201 Jews).[5]
  • 1989 — 7,982 inhabitants (3,992 male, 3,990 female)[6]
  • 2001 — 7,440 inhabitants[7]
  • 2006 — 7,306 inhabitants[8]

Sights[]

  • (1776)
  • (1739)
  • (1750)
  • (1780)
  • (2003)
  • (1778)
  • (19th century)
  • (19th century)
  • (Ukrainian: Бойківщина)

Notable people born in Turka[]

References[]

  1. ^ "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
  2. ^ Unofficial site of Turka (in Ukrainian)
  3. ^ Turka in «Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (1880)
  4. ^ The American Jewish Year Book, 5677, September 28, 1916, to September 16, 1917, Edited by Cyrus Adler for the American Jewish Committee, Philadelphia, The Jewish Publication Society of America
  5. ^ Turka (Ukraina) (in Polish)
  6. ^ "Table: 19A0501_04. Number of the population in urban settlements (1,2,3); 1989(12.01)". Main Statistical Office in L'viv. Retrieved 8 January 2018 – via database.ukrcensus.gov.ua: Select m. Turka in 'Territory' field, plus actual in 'Population category'CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  7. ^ Registration card of Turka in the Parliament of Ukraine (in Ukrainian)
  8. ^ Hyda J. "Turka - a New Capital Boikivshchyna" Tourism guide (Uzhgorod:Patent, 2006)(in Ukrainian)

External links[]

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